JPH078829A - Fine pulverizer - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To improve the pulverizing efficiency and to prevent the local abrasion of an impact member by succesively subjecting the material to be pulverized in a pulverizing chamber to the primary and secondary pulverization with the projected surface and the outer peripheral impact surface forming an impact surface of the impact member and then to tertiary pulverization, etc., at the side wall part. CONSTITUTION:An accelerating pipe 3 for conveying and accelerating a material to be pulverized 16 by high pressure gas is installed on the basis of a vertical line. A feeding port for the material to be pulverized 1 is opened in the side wall part of the pipe 3, and also a secondary air introducing port 12 is opened between the feeding port for the material to be pulverized 1 and an accelerating pipe outlet 11. At this time, the opening ratio of the feeding port for the material to be pulverized 1 at the accelerating pipe 3 is set at <=5% of cross-sectional area. On the other hand, the impact surface of an impact member 4 in a pulverizing chamber 5 is formed of a projected surface 14 having a projection, and an outer peripheral impact surface 13 which the primarily pulverized material pulverized on the projected surface 14 secondarily hits. And in the pulverizing chamber 5, a side wall part 15 by which the secondarily pulverized material pulverized on the outer peripheral impact surface 13 is made to hit to perform the tertiary pulverizing is arranged.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

[Industrial applications]

(First invention and second invention) The present invention relates to a collision type airflow crusher using a jet airflow (high pressure gas).

[0002]

[Prior art]

(First invention) A collision type air flow pulverizer using a jet airflow is a accelerating tube in which a powder raw material is placed on a jet airflow to form a solid gas mixture flow, and then the solid gas mixture flow is injected from an outlet of an accelerating pipe. The colliding member is collided with the colliding surface of the colliding member provided in front of the exit, and the colliding force pulverizes the powder raw material.
Hereinafter, the details of the conventional collision type airflow crusher will be described with reference to FIG. 7. As shown in FIG. 7, since the collision member 24 is provided so as to face the outlet 23 of the accelerating tube 22 to which the high-pressure gas supply nozzle 21 is connected, the accelerating tube is generated by the flow of the high-pressure gas supplied to the accelerating tube 22. The powder raw material is sucked into the accelerating pipe 22 from the powder raw material supply port 25 provided in the middle of the accelerating pipe 2 together with the high pressure gas.
When the powder material is jetted from the second outlet 23 and collides with the collision surface of the collision member 24, the powder raw material is finely pulverized by the impact.

(Second invention) A collision type air flow crusher using a jet air flow puts a powder raw material on the jet air flow to form a solid gas mixture flow, and then injects the solid gas mixture flow from an outlet of an accelerating tube. The powder material is crushed by colliding with a collision surface of a collision member provided in front of the exit of the acceleration tube. Hereinafter, the details of the conventional collision type airflow crusher will be described with reference to FIG. As shown in FIG.
Since the collision member 144 is provided so as to face the outlet 143 of the acceleration pipe 142 to which the high-pressure gas supply nozzle 141 is connected, the collision member 144 is connected to the middle of the acceleration pipe 142 by the flow of the high-pressure gas supplied to the acceleration pipe 142. When the powder raw material is sucked into the acceleration tube 142 from the provided powder raw material supply port 145 and is injected from the outlet 143 of the acceleration tube 142 together with the high pressure gas to collide with the collision surface of the collision member 144, The powder material is pulverized by the impact.

[0004]

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention]

(First invention) However, in the above-mentioned conventional collision type airflow crusher, since the supply port 25 for the object to be crushed is communicated with the middle of the acceleration pipe 22, there are the following problems. That is, the object to be ground sucked and introduced into the acceleration tube 22 is
Immediately after passing through the supply port 25 for the material to be crushed, the high pressure gas jet from the high pressure gas supply nozzle 21 causes the acceleration pipe outlet 23.
Direction is changed rapidly, the coarse particles in the object to be crushed pass through the low flow part of the acceleration tube due to the influence of inertial force, while the particles to be crushed are rapidly accelerated. Since the fine particles in the object pass through the high flow part of the acceleration tube, the object to be ground is not sufficiently evenly dispersed in the high-pressure air stream, and the collision member that opposes while separating it into a flow with a high concentration of the object to be ground and a low flow. There is a problem in that the particles are partially concentrated and collide with the surface, and the pulverization efficiency is reduced, resulting in a reduction in the pulverization processing ability. Further, since a portion having a high pulverized material concentration is locally generated on the surface or the end portion of the collision member 24, the collision member 24
There is a problem that local abrasion is likely to occur, and when the material to be pulverized is a powder raw material such as a thermoplastic resin, fusion, coarsening and aggregation of the material to be pulverized are likely to occur. Furthermore,
In the above-mentioned conventional example, the pulverized material which collides with the surface of the collision member 24 and is pulverized is secondarily collided with the inner wall of the pulverization chamber 26 and further pulverized, but the shape of the pulverization chamber is a rectangular parallelepiped shape, which is efficient. There is also a problem that secondary collision does not occur and, as a result, the fine pulverization processing capacity cannot be improved.

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems of the prior art, a collision type air flow crusher having a conical projection on the surface of the collision member as shown in FIG. 8 or a tip of the collision surface of the collision member as shown in FIG. A collision-type airflow crusher having a specific cone shape has been proposed. Although the crushing capacity has been improved considerably compared to the past with these devices, it has not been possible to solve all of the above problems, and stable production of fine crushed products is possible.
A fine crusher that can be operated is desired. Therefore, an object of the present invention is to more efficiently pulverize the object to be pulverized, prevent the occurrence of local wear on the collision surface of the collision member, and also to prevent fusion of the pulverized material, aggregation and coarsening. The object is to provide a fine crusher which can be prevented.

(Second Invention) However, in the above-mentioned conventional collision type airflow crusher, since the supply port 145 of the object to be crushed is connected to the middle of the acceleration pipe 142, there are the following problems. It was That is, the pulverized material sucked and introduced into the accelerating pipe 142 passes through the supply port 145 of the pulverized material, and immediately after passing through the supply port 145 of the pulverized material, the high-pressure gas jetted from the high-pressure gas supply nozzle 141 causes the flow path toward the accelerating pipe outlet 143. Since it is rapidly accelerated by being dispersed in a high-pressure air flow while changing rapidly, coarse particles in the object to be crushed pass through the low flow part of the acceleration tube due to the influence of inertial force.
On the other hand, since the fine particles in the object to be crushed pass through the high flow part side of the acceleration tube, the object to be crushed is not sufficiently uniformly dispersed in the high pressure air flow,
There is a problem that the crushing efficiency is reduced and the crushing capacity is reduced as a result, because the crushed material is separated into a high-concentration flow and a low-concentration flow, and partially collides with the surface of the opposing collision member. It was Further, since a portion having a high concentration of the pulverized material locally occurs on the surface or the end portion of the collision member 144, the abrasion of the collision member 144 is likely to occur locally, and the pulverized material is a powder such as a thermoplastic resin. When it is a raw material, there has been a problem that fusion, coarsening and agglomeration of the crushed material are likely to occur. Further, when the crushed object has abrasion properties, the collision surface 149 of the collision member 144 and the acceleration tube 142 are used.
However, there is a problem that local powder abrasion is likely to occur, the collision member 144 is frequently replaced, and continuous stable production cannot be performed.

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems of the prior art, regarding the shape of the collision surface of the collision member, as shown in FIG. 20, the tip end portion has a cone shape having an apex angle of 110 ° to 175 ° (JP-A-1- No. 254266) or a collision plate shape having a projection on a plane that intersects at right angles with the extension line of the central axis of the collision member as shown in FIG. 21 (Japanese Utility Model Laid-Open No. 1-148740). As for the accelerating tube, one having a secondary gas introducing port between the crushed object supply port and the accelerating tube outlet as shown in FIG. 20 has been proposed (JP-A-3-086257). Although these proposals have made some improvements in terms of crushing efficiency, crushing ability, fusion, roughening and agglomeration of the crushed object, they cannot be said to be a sufficient solution. Therefore, the object of the present invention is to more efficiently crush the object to be crushed as compared with the conventional collision type air flow crusher, prevent the occurrence of local wear on the collision surface of the collision member, and fuse the crushed material. Another object of the present invention is to provide a fine pulverizer capable of preventing the occurrence of aggregation and coarsening.

[0008]

[Means for solving the problem]

(First Invention) The above object is achieved by the present invention described below. That is, the present invention provides a collision member having an acceleration tube for accelerating the object to be crushed by a high-pressure body, and a collision surface for collision with the object to be crushed, which is provided facing the opening surface of the outlet of the acceleration tube. In a fine pulverizer having a crushing chamber equipped with a crushing chamber, an accelerating pipe is installed on the basis of a vertical line, and a crushed object for supplying the crushed object to a side wall portion of the accelerating tube into the accelerating tube. A supply port and a secondary air introducing port between the pulverized product supply port and the acceleration pipe outlet, and of the pulverized product supply port in the side wall of the acceleration pipe where the pulverized product supply port is provided. The aperture ratio occupies 5% or more with respect to the cross-sectional area of the accelerating pipe at the site, and the collision surface of the collision member provided in the crushing chamber has a projection surface having a cone-shaped projection and a periphery of the projection surface. Outer collision surface for further secondary collision of the primary crushed material crushed by the protruding surface provided on the Made, and the side wall of the grinding chamber is a mill, characterized in that the secondary pulverized material secondarily pulverized by the outer peripheral colliding surface has a side wall for and tertiary crushing collision.

(Second Invention) The above object is achieved by the present invention described below. That is, the present invention provides a collision member having an acceleration tube for accelerating the object to be crushed by a high-pressure body, and a collision surface for collision with the object to be crushed, which is provided facing the opening surface of the outlet of the acceleration tube. And a crushing chamber having a crushing chamber provided with a crushing chamber, the crushing object supply port for supplying the crushing object into the accelerating tube is provided at the rear end of the acceleration tube adjacent to the crushing object supply cylinder. In addition, the collision surface of the collision member provided in the crushing chamber further includes a projecting surface having a cone-shaped projection and a primary crushed product crushed by the projecting surface provided around the projecting surface. The outer peripheral collision surface for the next collision, and the crushing chamber has a side wall for the secondary crushed material secondary-crushed on the outer peripheral collision surface to collide with the third crush. It is a fine crusher.

[0010]

[Action]

(First Invention) As a result of intensive research to solve the problems of the prior art as described above, the present inventors have provided a crushed material supply port and a secondary air introduction port on the side wall of the acceleration tube, and The crushed object is uniformly accelerated by setting the opening ratio of the crushed material supply port to 5% or more and by configuring the collision member provided in the crushing chamber with the projection surface and the outer peripheral collision surface provided on the outer periphery thereof. Can be dispersed, further, the object to be crushed can be efficiently primary crushed, secondary crushed and tertiary crushed,
The present invention has been accomplished by finding that the grinding efficiency can be improved. Further, in the present invention, as a result of repeated studies on the inclination of the acceleration tube in the long axis direction and the shapes of the protrusions of the collision member, if these are made to have a specific shape, further improvement of the pulverization efficiency can be achieved. The present invention has been accomplished by finding that it is possible.
That is, the fine pulverizer of the present invention can efficiently pulverize an object to be pulverized to the order of several μm using a high-speed air stream. In particular, the object to be ground of the thermoplastic resin or the object to be ground mainly composed of the thermoplastic resin can be efficiently ground to the order of several μm without causing fusion, aggregation and coarsening.

(Second Invention) As a result of earnest research to solve the above-mentioned conventional problems, the present inventors have found that the end of the acceleration tube on the side of the crushed material supply cylinder (hereinafter referred to as the outer end). A crushed material supply port is provided, and a secondary air introduction port is further provided between the crushed material supply port and the crushed material outlet, and a collision member provided in the crushing chamber is provided on the projection surface and its outer periphery. By configuring with the provided outer peripheral collision surface, it is possible to uniformly accelerate and disperse the object to be crushed, further, it is possible to efficiently primary crush, secondary crush and tertiary crush the object to be crushed, The present invention has been accomplished by finding that the grinding efficiency can be improved. The secondary gas inlet described above prevents turbulence of air due to a vortex generated near the inner wall of the acceleration pipe when the high-pressure gas ejected from the high-pressure gas ejection port rapidly expands and accelerates in the acceleration pipe. , Has a function as a gas supply port for rectifying. Therefore, when the object to be ground entrained in the high-pressure gas that has rapidly expanded in the acceleration tube is rapidly accelerated, the rectifying effect can further improve the acceleration performance of the object to be ground, which is useful for improving the grinding efficiency. Further, in the present invention, as a result of repeated studies on the inclination of the acceleration tube in the long axis direction and the shapes of the protrusions of the collision member, if these are made to have a specific shape, further improvement of the pulverization efficiency can be achieved. The present invention has been accomplished by finding that it is possible. That is, the fine pulverizer of the present invention can efficiently pulverize an object to be pulverized to the order of several μm using a high-speed air stream. In particular, the object to be crushed of the thermoplastic resin or the object to be crushed containing the thermoplastic resin as the main component can be efficiently crushed to the order of several μm without causing fusion, aggregation and coarsening.

[0012]

[Preferred Embodiment]

(First Invention) Next, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to preferred embodiments. FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing an embodiment of the fine pulverizer of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is A- of FIG.
Sectional drawing in the A'line, FIG. 3 is sectional drawing in the BB 'line, FIG. 4 is sectional drawing in the CC' line, and FIG.
Sectional views taken along the line D ′ are shown, respectively.

As shown in FIG. 1, in the fine crusher of the present invention, the object to be crushed is the object to be crushed which is provided on the side wall of the accelerating tube 3 based on the vertical line. It is supplied from the crushed material supply port 1 into the acceleration tube 3. On the other hand, since compressed gas such as compressed air is introduced into the accelerating pipe 3 from the high-pressure gas supply nozzle 9, the pulverized material supplied to the accelerating pipe 3 is instantly accelerated and has a high speed. Become. next,
The solid-gas mixture flow ejected from the acceleration pipe outlet 11 at high speed is
Discharge to the crushing chamber 5 provided adjacent to the acceleration tube,
The crushed object 16 collides with the collision surface of the collision member 4 and is finely pulverized.

In the fine pulverizer of the present invention, since the secondary air introduction port 12 is provided between the crushed object supply port 1 of the acceleration tube 3 and the acceleration tube outlet 11, the secondary air is accelerating. 3 to be dispersed into the accelerating tube 3 to disperse the pulverized material 16 and the pulverized material 16 can be ejected from the accelerating tube outlet 11 more uniformly. As a result, the collision surface of the collision member 4 facing each other can be efficiently collided, and the pulverization efficiency can be improved as compared with the conventional case. That is, the secondary air introduced through the secondary air introduction port 12 contributes to deagglomerate and uniformly disperse the agglomerates 16 that move at high speed in the acceleration tube 3. Further, there is also an effect of accelerating the flow along the inner wall of the accelerating pipe 3, which is a portion of the accelerating pipe 3 where the accelerating gas flow velocity distribution is slow.

As the secondary air introduced into the acceleration tube 3 used in the present invention, either compressed gas or atmospheric gas may be used. Further, it is a very preferable aspect of the present invention to provide an air flow rate control device (not shown) such as a valve at the secondary air introduction port 12 to adjust the air flow rate of the secondary air to be introduced.
Further, in the present invention, the number of the secondary air inlets 12 provided and the positions in the circumferential direction of the acceleration tube 3 are not particularly limited, and may be appropriately determined depending on the raw material to be pulverized, the target pulverized particle diameter, and the like. Just set it. For example, the example shown in FIG. 5 is an example in which eight secondary air inlets 12 are provided in the circumferential direction of the accelerating tube 3, and is a sectional view taken along the line DD ′ of FIG. 1. .

In the fine pulverizer of the present invention, it is preferable that the acceleration tube 3 has an inclination of 0 ° to 20 ° in the direction of the vertical axis with respect to the vertical line. Furthermore, in order to more uniformly feed the crushed material 16 from the crushed material supply port 1 around the long axis of the acceleration tube 3, the inclination of the acceleration tube 3 in the long axis direction is 0 with respect to the vertical line. More preferably, it is in the range of 5 ° to 5 °.

Further, in the present invention, in order to stably supply the material to be ground into the accelerating pipe 3 from the material to be ground supply port 1, the opening ratio of the material to be ground supply port 1 to the side wall of the accelerating pipe is set to a value corresponding to the opening ratio. The cross-sectional area of the accelerating tube 3 at the side wall of the accelerating tube having the crushed material supply port 1 is preferably 5% or more. Here, the opening ratio of the pulverized material supply port 1 means the occupancy rate of the pulverized material supply port with respect to the acceleration pipe cross-sectional area of the accelerating pipe side wall portion where the pulverized material supply port is provided. Say. Further, in the present invention, the opening ratio of the pulverized material supply port 1 is 5% to
It is 20%, and a mode in which four crushed material supply ports 1 are provided as shown in FIG. 2B is very preferable. That is, according to such a mode, the homogenization of the distribution state of the object 16 to be crushed in the acceleration tube 3 is increased, and the object 1 to be crushed which collides with the collision member 4
Since 6 is crushed using the entire collision surface, the crushing efficiency is further improved as compared with the conventional case.

In order to make the distribution state of the material 16 to be ground in the accelerating tube 3 more uniform and further improve the grinding efficiency, the material supply port 1 to be ground is accelerated as shown in FIG. 2 (a). Tube 3
It is more preferable to install and suction in the entire circumferential direction of the side wall, because the dispersibility is good, and the effect that the crushed object 16 is crushed using the entire collision surface of the collision member 4 is improved. Further, in order to stably supply the pulverized material from the pulverized material supply port 1 into the acceleration pipe 3, it is more preferable that the pulverized material supply port 1 has an opening ratio of 20% or more.

Further, the fine crusher of the present invention, as shown in FIG.
The collision surface of the collision member 4 is composed of a cone-shaped protruding surface 14 having a central portion protruding, and an outer peripheral collision surface 13 provided around the protruding surface 14. The primary crushed material 16 crushed by the protruding surface 14 further collides with the outer peripheral collision surface 13 and is secondary crushed. Further, FIG. 6 shows an enlarged view of the portion of the crushing chamber 5, but the shape inside the crushing chamber 5 is such that the secondary crushed material secondary crushed on the outer peripheral collision surface is further collided and tertiary crushed. In the present invention, as described above, the collision surface of the object to be crushed 16 is provided with the projection surface 14 having the shape of a cone with the central portion projecting. The solid-gas mixture flow of the pulverized raw material and the compressed air ejected from the accelerating pipe outlet 11 in the section of FIG.
As shown by the arrow, first, the particles are first crushed by colliding with the surface of the projecting surface 14, and then secondary crushed by the outer peripheral collision surface 13 around the projecting surface 14, and further, the side wall 15 of the crushing chamber 5 is crushed. It is crushed tertiary.

Further, when the apex angle of the protrusion of the projecting surface 14 of the collision surface of the collision member 4 is α and the inclination angle of the outer peripheral collision surface 13 with respect to the plane perpendicular to the central axis of the acceleration tube 3 is β, the following relation When the formula is satisfied, the crushing efficiency is remarkably improved. 0 ° <α <90 °, β> 0 °, 30 ° ≦ α + 2β ≦ 90 ° That is, when α ≧ 90 °, the reflected flow of the pulverized material 16 that has been primary pulverized on the surface of the protruding surface 14 is the acceleration tube. It is not preferable because it disturbs the flow of the solid-gas mixture flow ejected from the acceleration pipe outlet 11 at the end of 3. Also, when β = 0 °, that is, in FIG.
When the outer peripheral collision surface 13 is at a right angle to the solid-gas mixture flow as shown in Fig. 6, the reflected flow on the outer peripheral collision surface 13 flows toward the solid-gas mixture flow, and thus the turbulence of the solid-gas mixture flow is also generated. It is not preferable because it causes. Further, since the dust concentration of the crushed object on the outer peripheral collision surface 13 becomes high, when the powder of the thermoplastic resin or the powder mainly containing the thermoplastic resin is used as the crushed object, the outer peripheral collision surface 13 It is not preferable because a fused substance and an aggregated substance are likely to be generated on the above and stable operation of the apparatus is difficult.

Further, when α and β are α + 2β <30 °, the impact force of the primary pulverization on the surface of the projecting surface 14 is weakened and the pulverization efficiency is lowered, which is not preferable. Further, when α and β are α + 2β> 90 °, the reflected flow at the outer peripheral collision surface 13 flows to the downstream side of the solid-gas mixture flow, so that the impact force of the tertiary pulverization on the side wall of the pulverization chamber 5 becomes weak, and the pulverization is reduced. It is not preferable because it causes a decrease in efficiency. Therefore, when α and β satisfy the above relationship, the primary, secondary, and tertiary pulverization is efficiently performed, so that the pulverization efficiency can be improved.

The distance between the acceleration tube outlet 11 and the end of the collision surface of the collision member 4 facing the acceleration tube 3 is preferably 0.2 to 2 times the diameter or major axis of the collision member 4, and is 0. It is more preferable that it is 4 times to 1.0 times. Below 0.2 times,
When the pulverized material 16 contains a thermoplastic resin or the like, fusion of the pulverized material is likely to occur, and when it exceeds 2 times, the pulverization efficiency tends to decrease, which is not preferable. Further, in the present invention, the shortest distance between the side wall of the collision member 4 and the inner wall 15 of the crushing chamber 5 is set to 0.1 of the diameter of the collision member 4.
It is preferably double to double. If it is less than 0.1 times, not only will the pressure loss during passage of high-pressure gas be large and the grinding efficiency will be reduced, but the flow of the ground material will not proceed smoothly. The effect of the third collision of the object to be crushed on the inner wall of the is reduced, and the pulverization efficiency tends to decrease.

(Second Invention) Next, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to preferred embodiments. 10 to 14
FIG. 11 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing an embodiment of the fine pulverizer of the present invention, and FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view showing the accelerating pipe throat portion and the high-pressure gas ejection nozzle taken along the line AA ′ in FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view showing the secondary gas inlet and the accelerating pipe along line BB ′ in FIG. 10, FIG. 13 is a cross-sectional view showing the crushing chamber and the collision member along line CC ′ in FIG. 1, and FIG. DD '
It is sectional drawing which shows the high pressure gas supply port and the high pressure gas chamber in a line. In the fine pulverizer of the present invention, the crushed material supplied from the crushed material supply cylinder 105 is the acceleration tube 101.
The inner wall of the accelerating tube throat section 102 and the center of the accelerating tube 10 are
1 reaches the object to be crushed supply port 104 formed by the outer wall of the high-pressure gas jet nozzle 103 coaxial with the central axis of 1. On the other hand, the high-pressure gas is introduced from the high-pressure gas supply port 106, passes through the high-pressure gas chamber 107, and passes through one or more high-pressure gas introduction pipes 108, and goes from the high-pressure gas ejection nozzle 103 toward the acceleration pipe outlet 109. And explodes while expanding rapidly.

At this time, due to the ejector effect generated in the vicinity of the accelerating tube throat portion 102, the crushed material is entrained in the coexisting gas, and from the crushed material supply port 104 toward the accelerating tube outlet 109. The gas is sucked and rapidly accelerated while being uniformly mixed with the high-pressure gas in the accelerating tube throat portion 2, and the speed thereof increases as it advances toward the accelerating tube outlet 109. In order to prevent a vortex flow generated near the inner wall of the acceleration tube 101, the center of the acceleration tube 101 penetrating the inner wall of the acceleration tube 101 as shown in FIG. A rectifying gas is supplied from a secondary gas inlet 117 formed of a hole. As a result,
The collision surface of the collision member 110 facing the acceleration pipe outlet 109 collides with the object to be ground in a state of a uniform mixed flow without uneven dust concentration.

On the other hand, the collision surface of the collision member 110 is a projection surface 120 having a cone-shaped projection center portion, and the projection surface 12
0 and an outer peripheral collision surface 116 provided around 0. The primary crushed material crushed by the protruding surface 120 further collides with the outer peripheral collision surface 116 and is secondary crushed.
Further, the crushing chamber 112 has a side wall 114 so that the secondary crushed material that has been secondary crushed by the outer peripheral collision surface 116 can be tertiary crushed by collision. In this way, by providing the cone-shaped projecting surface having the projecting portion at the central portion on the collision surface of the object to be crushed, the solid-gas mixture flow of the crushing raw material and the compressed air jetted from the acceleration pipe 101 is projected on the projecting surface. After first colliding with 120 for primary pulverization, it collides with outer peripheral collision surface 116 for secondary pulverization, and further collides with crushing chamber side wall 114 for tertiary pulverization. As a result, the powder raw material, which is the object to be ground, is effectively finely ground.

Further, in the present invention, when the apex angle of the projection of the projecting surface 20 of the collision member 110 is α and the inclination angle β of the outer peripheral collision surface 116 with respect to the plane perpendicular to the central axis of the acceleration tube 101, the following relationship is established. When the formula is satisfied, the crushing efficiency is remarkably improved. 0 ° <α <90 °, β> 0 °, 30 ° ≦ α + 2β ≦ 90 ° That is, when α ≧ 90 °, the reflected flow of the pulverized material 118 that has been primary pulverized on the surface of the protruding surface 120 is the acceleration tube. This is not preferable because it disturbs the flow of the solid-gas mixture flow ejected from the acceleration pipe outlet 109 at the end of 101. Also, when β = 0 °,
That is, as shown in FIG. 20, when the outer peripheral collision surface 116 is at a right angle to the solid-gas mixture flow, the reflected flow at the outer peripheral collision surface 116 flows toward the solid-gas mixture flow, and thus the solid-gas mixture flow is also the same. This is not preferable because it causes turbulence in the mixed flow. Further, since the dust concentration of the object to be crushed on the outer peripheral collision surface 116 becomes high, when the powder of the thermoplastic resin or the powder mainly containing the thermoplastic resin is used as the object to be pulverized, the outer peripheral collision surface 116 It is not preferable because a fused substance and an aggregated substance are likely to be generated on the above and stable operation of the apparatus is difficult.

When α and β are α + 2β <30 °, the impact force of the primary pulverization on the surface of the projecting surface 120 is weakened and the pulverization efficiency is lowered, which is not preferable. Further, when α and β are α + 2β> 90 °, the reflection flow at the outer peripheral collision surface 116 flows to the downstream side of the solid-gas mixture flow, so that the crushing chamber 11
The impact force of the tertiary pulverization on the side wall of No. 2 is weakened, and the pulverization efficiency is lowered, which is not preferable. Therefore, α and β
When the above relation is satisfied, the primary, secondary and tertiary pulverization is efficiently performed, so that the pulverization efficiency can be improved.

In the fine pulverizer of the present invention, the acceleration tube 10
It is preferable that the inner diameter of the first outlet is smaller than the diameter of the collision member 110. Further, it is preferable that the tip of the protruding central portion of the collision member 110 and the central axis of the acceleration tube 101 substantially coincide with each other because the object to be ground can be ground uniformly.

Further, the acceleration tube 10 in the fine crusher of the present invention.
1, the inclination of the vertical axis is 0 ° to 45 with respect to the vertical line.
If it is within the range of °, the crushed object is the crushed object supply port 104.
It is preferable because it can be treated without being blocked.
If the material to be ground has poor fluidity, it tends to stay in the cone-shaped portion below the material-supplying cylinder 105 for a small amount, but the inclination of the acceleration tube 1 is 0 ° to 20 °.
Within the range of 0 °, it is preferable that the crushed object flow smoothly without causing the crushed object to stay in the cone-shaped portion below the crushed object supply cylinder 105.

As shown in FIG. 11 which is a sectional view taken along the line AA ′ of FIG. 10, the distribution state of the crushed object in the radial direction of the crushed object supply port 104 passing through the crushed object supply port 104 is ,
The larger the inclination of the acceleration tube 101, the more biased the distribution is,
The smaller the slope, the more uniform the distribution. Also, acceleration tube 1
When 01 was formed of a transparent acrylic resin and the inside of the acceleration tube 101 was observed, the inclination of the acceleration tube 101 in the major axis direction is most preferably within the range of 0 ° to 5 ° with respect to the vertical line. It was confirmed.

Further, the above accelerometer made of acrylic resin for internal observation is used, and the secondary gas introduction port 117 shown in FIGS. 10 and 12 is provided in the middle of the accelerometer, and the resin powder (volume average diameter) is used. When a pressurized air of 0.5 to 5 kg / cm ² was supplied from the secondary gas inlet 117 while flowing a pulverized material of 100 μm or less), the vortex generated near the inner wall of the accelerating tube 101 was completely observed. Instead, it was confirmed that the air flow accompanied by the pulverized material was rectified so as to linearly flow toward the acceleration pipe outlet 103.

Further, the acceleration pipe outlet 109 intersecting at right angles with the extension line of the central axis of the acceleration pipe 101 shown in FIG. 1, and the outermost peripheral end portion 115 of the projecting surface 120 of the collision member 110 facing this.
The distance 19 (hereinafter referred to as the collision plate distance) between the collision member 1 and
The range of 0.2 to 2 times the diameter of 10 is preferable in terms of pulverization efficiency, and more preferably 0.4 to 1.0 times. If the collision plate distance 119 is less than 0.2 times the diameter of the collision member 110, the dust concentration of the material to be crushed in the vicinity of the collision surface may be abnormally high, and if it exceeds twice, the impact force may decrease. This is not preferable because it tends to lower the pulverization efficiency. Also, the shortest distance between the outermost side wall of the collision member 110 and the inner wall 114 of the crushing chamber 112 is determined by the collision member 110.
It is preferable that the diameter is within a range of 0.1 times to 2 times the diameter.
That is, if it is less than 0.1 times, the pressure loss during passage of high-pressure gas is large, and not only the crushing efficiency is lowered, but also the flow of the crushed product tends not to proceed smoothly, and if it exceeds 2 times, This is not preferable because the effect of the third collision of the object to be crushed on the side wall 114 of the crushing chamber 112 decreases, and the crushing efficiency tends to decrease slightly. The shape of the crushing chamber 112 is preferably a cylinder or an elliptic cylinder, but the shape is not particularly limited to these shapes, and any shape may be used as long as the above numerical values are satisfied.

FIG. 15 is a schematic sectional view showing another embodiment of the present invention. 16 is a sectional view taken along the line EE ′ of FIG. 15, FIG. 17 is a sectional view taken along the line FF ′ of FIG. 15, and FIG. 18 is a sectional view taken along the line GG ′. This example will be described with reference to FIG.
Reference numeral 34 denotes a crushed object supply port 121 provided above the accelerating pipe 122 which is set such that the inclination of the accelerating pipe 122 in the long axis direction is 0 ° to 45 ° with respect to the vertical direction. It is supplied into the acceleration tube 122 through the acceleration tube throat section 123. Compressed gas such as compressed air is introduced into the accelerating pipe 122 from between the inner wall of the accelerating pipe throat portion 123 and the outer wall of the pulverized material supply port 121.
The object to be crushed 134 supplied to No. 2 is instantly accelerated to have a high speed, and the speed thereof increases as it advances toward the accelerating pipe outlet 124.

At this time, in order to prevent the vortex flow generated near the inner wall of the acceleration tube 122 and to rectify the solid-gas mixture flow of the object to be crushed 134 and the compressed gas, for example, the acceleration tube 122 as shown in FIG. When the gas for rectification is supplied from the secondary gas inlet 135 penetrating on the donut along the inner wall surface of the, the solid-gas mixture flow including the object to be crushed 134 is rectified, and the accelerating tube outlet 124 crushes the crushing chamber at a high speed. The collision member 126 is ejected to 125
The primary crushing and the secondary crushing are performed on the collision surface 127 of the. The shape of the collision surface 127 having the projection of the collision member 126 is similar to that of the fine crusher shown in FIG. 10, and the apex angle α of the projection of the projection surface of the collision member 126 and the acceleration tube center of the outer peripheral collision surface 127. When the inclination angle β with respect to the plane perpendicular to the axis satisfies the following relationship, primary crushing and secondary crushing on the collision surface 127, and further tertiary crushing on the side wall 128 of the crushing chamber are efficiently performed, and crushing is performed. The efficiency can be improved. 0 ° <α <90 °, β> 0 °, 30 ° ≦ α + 2β ≦ 90 °

The inclination of the acceleration tube 122 in the long axis direction is preferably within the range of 0 to 45 ° with respect to the vertical line. However, when the pulverized material has poor fluidity, it tends to stay in the cone-shaped portion below the pulverized material supply cylinder 130, though a small amount, so that the inclination of the acceleration tube 122 is set to 0.
Within the range of -20 °, it is more preferable that such a crushed material is not retained. Further, as shown in FIG. 15, the distribution state of the crushed object in the radial direction of the crushed object supply port 121 passing through the crushed object supply port 121 is biased to the distribution as the inclination of the acceleration tube 122 is larger. Is observed, and the smaller the inclination, the more uniform the distribution. Therefore, the inclination of the accelerating tube 122 is most preferably 0 ° to 5 °. In addition, the collision plate distance between the acceleration tube outlet 124 and the collision member 126 and the shortest distance between the outermost peripheral side wall of the collision member 126 and the side wall 128 of the crushing chamber were the same results as in the case of the example of FIG. .

[0036]

【The invention's effect】

(First invention) As described above, according to the fine crusher of the present invention, unlike the conventional collision type air flow crusher, it is possible to disperse the object to be crushed from the outer periphery of the accelerating tube with good dispersion, In addition, secondary air is introduced into the accelerating tube, and since the crushing chamber has a collision member having a specific shape, the crushed object has excellent suction and dispersibility, and the crushed object is uniformly ejected from the accelerating tube. Since all the collision surfaces of the collision member collide and are pulverized, and further primary pulverization, secondary pulverization and tertiary pulverization are performed in sequence, the pulverization efficiency can be remarkably improved. Further, according to the fine crusher of the present invention, the fusion and wear of the crushed object in the collision member, the acceleration tube and the crushing chamber are also different from those of the conventional collision type airflow crusher due to the strong dispersion of the crushed object. It is significantly reduced due to the decrease in concentration, which enables stable operation for a long time.

(Second Invention) As described above, according to the fine pulverizer of the present invention, the object to be pulverized can be efficiently and uniformly accelerated / dispersed in the accelerating pipe, and is ejected from the accelerating pipe. The solid-gas mixture flow is temporarily crushed by the protruding surface having the cone-shaped projection provided on the collision member, and is secondarily crushed by the outer peripheral collision surface provided around the projection surface, and then further crushed in the crushing chamber. Since it is subjected to tertiary crushing on the side wall of the, the crushing efficiency is greatly improved compared to the conventional collision type air flow crusher. Further, since the reflected flow after the collision does not flow toward the accelerating tube, it is possible to effectively prevent the turbulence of the solid-gas mixture flow, the fusion and aggregation of the pulverized material on the collision surface, Furthermore, since the collision surface covers a wider area than in the conventional case, it is possible to prevent local abrasion of the collision surface.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing an example of a collision type airflow crusher of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA ′ of FIG. 1, in which (a) shows an example in which the pulverized material supply port is in the entire circumferential direction of the acceleration pipe,
(B) shows an example in which there are n = 4 crushed material supply ports.

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a cross section taken along line B-B ′ of FIG. 1.

FIG. 4 is a view showing a cross section taken along line C-C ′ of FIG.

5 is a diagram showing a cross section taken along the line D-D ′ of FIG. 1. FIG.

6 is a cross-sectional view around a collision member of the crushing chamber in FIG.

FIG. 7 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a conventional example.

FIG. 8 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a conventional example.

FIG. 9 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a conventional example.

FIG. 10 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing an example of the collision type airflow crusher of the present invention.

FIG. 11 is a view showing a cross section taken along line A-A ′ of FIG. 1.

FIG. 12 is a view showing a cross section taken along line B-B ′ of FIG. 1.

FIG. 13 is a view showing a cross section taken along line C-C ′ of FIG. 1.

FIG. 14 is a view showing a cross section taken along line D-D ′ of FIG. 1.

FIG. 15 is a schematic cross-sectional view of another example of the fine pulverizer of the present invention.

16 is a diagram showing a cross section taken along line E-E ′ of FIG.

FIG. 17 is a diagram showing a cross section taken along line F-F ′ of FIG. 10.

FIG. 18 is a diagram showing a cross section taken along line G-G ′ of FIG. 10.

FIG. 19 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a conventional example of a collision type airflow crusher.

FIG. 20 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing another conventional example of the collision type airflow crusher.

FIG. 21 is a schematic view showing an example of a collision surface shape used in another conventional example of a collision type airflow crusher.

[Explanation of symbols]

 (First invention) 1, 25, 35, 45; pulverized material supply port 2; high-pressure gas storage tank 3, 22, 32, 42; accelerating tube 4, 24, 34, 44; collision member 5, 26, 36, 46; Grinding chamber 6, 27, 37, 47; Grinding chamber outlet 7; High pressure gas inlet 8; High pressure gas communication passage 9, 21, 31, 41; High pressure gas supply nozzle 11, 23, 33, 43; Acceleration pipe outlet 12 A secondary air inlet 13, 38; an outer peripheral collision surface 14, 39; a protruding surface having a cone-shaped projection 15; a crushing chamber side wall 16; an object to be crushed 29, 49; a collision surface (second invention) 102, 123: Accelerator throat part 103, 141, 151: High pressure gas supply nozzle 104, 121, 145, 155: Milled material supply port 105, 130: Milled material supply cylinder 106, 133: High pressure gas supply port 107, 131: High pressure gas chamber 108: High-pressure gas introduction pipe 109, 124, 143, 153: Acceleration pipe outlet 110, 126, 144, 154: Collision member 111, 132: Collision member support 112, 125, 146, 156: Grinding chamber 113, 129, 147 157: Crushed material discharge port 114, 128: Crushing chamber side wall 115: Collision surface outermost end 116: Outer peripheral collision surface 117, 135, 158: Secondary air introduction port 118, 134, 160: Crushed object 119: Collision Plate distance 120: Convex surface with protrusions 127, 149, 159: Collision surface

Claims (6)

[Claims] 1. A collision member having an acceleration pipe for accelerating the object to be crushed by a high-pressure body and a collision surface, which is provided facing the opening surface of the outlet of the accelerating pipe, against which the object to be crushed collides. In a fine crusher having a crushing chamber provided,
An accelerating pipe is installed on the basis of a vertical line, and a crushed object supply port for supplying a crushed object into the accelerating tube on a side wall portion of the accelerating tube, the crushed object supply port and the accelerating tube outlet. And a secondary air introduction port between them, and the opening ratio of the pulverized material supply port in the side wall of the accelerating tube where the pulverized material supply port is provided is 5% with respect to the cross-sectional area of the accelerating tube of the site. The collision surface of the collision member that occupies the above and is provided in the crushing chamber includes a projecting surface having a cone-shaped projection and a primary crushed product crushed by the projecting surface provided around the projecting surface. Further, it has an outer peripheral collision surface for secondary collision, and the side wall of the crushing chamber has a side wall for secondary crushed material secondary crushed on the outer peripheral collision surface for third crushing. A fine crusher. 2. A collision member having an accelerating tube for accelerating the object to be crushed by a high-pressure body and a collision surface, which is provided facing the opening surface of the outlet of the accelerating tube, and against which the object to crush collides. In a fine crusher having a crushing chamber provided,
At the rear end of the accelerating tube adjacent to the crushed object supply cylinder, there is a crushed object supply port for supplying the crushed object into the accelerating tube,
In addition, the collision surface of the collision member provided in the crushing chamber has a projecting surface having a cone-shaped projection and a secondary crushed primary crushed product crushed by the projecting surface provided around the projecting surface. Fine crushing, characterized in that the crushing chamber has a side wall for crushing the secondary crushed secondary crushed secondary crushed material in the crushing chamber. Machine. 3. When α is the apex angle of the protrusion of the projecting surface and β is the inclination angle of the outer peripheral collision surface with respect to the plane perpendicular to the central axis of the acceleration tube, α and β satisfy the following equation. The fine pulverizer according to claim 1 or claim 2. 0 ° <α <90 °, β> 0 ° 30 ° ≦ α + 2β ≦ 90 ° 4. The inclination in the major axis direction with respect to the vertical line is 0.
The accelerating tube is installed so that the angle is between 45 ° and 45 °.
Alternatively, the fine pulverizer according to claim 2. 5. The inclination in the major axis direction with respect to the vertical line is 0.
The accelerating tube is installed so that the angle is between 20 ° and 20 °.
Alternatively, the fine pulverizer according to claim 2. 6. The inclination in the major axis direction with respect to the vertical line is 0.
The fine pulverizer according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the accelerating tube is installed so as to have an angle of 5 ° to 5 °.