JP3185065B2 - Collision type air crusher - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention comprises an air classifier,
Further, the present invention relates to an impingement type airflow pulverizer that performs pulverization using a jet airflow (high-pressure gas).

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In an impingement type air flow pulverizer using a jet air flow, a powder raw material is placed on a jet air flow to form a particle mixed air flow.
Injection is performed from the outlet of the accelerating tube, and the mixed gas stream is caused to collide with a collision surface of a collision member provided in front of the outlet of the accelerating tube, whereby the powder material is pulverized by the impact force.

The details will be described below with reference to FIG. A collision member 44 is provided opposite the outlet 43 of the acceleration tube 42 to which the high-pressure gas supply nozzle 41 is connected.
The powder material is sucked into the inside of the accelerating tube 42 from the pulverized material supply port 45 which is communicated with the middle of the accelerating tube 42 by the flow of the high pressure gas supplied to the accelerating tube 42. It is designed to collide with a collision surface and to be crushed by the impact.

However, in the above-mentioned conventional example, the material supply port 45 is connected to the middle of the accelerating tube 42, and the powder material sucked and introduced into the acceleration tube is supplied to the material supply port 45.
Immediately after the passage, the dispersion is rapidly accelerated by the high-pressure gas flow ejected from the high-pressure gas supply nozzle while rapidly changing the flow path toward the outlet of the acceleration tube. In this state, relatively coarse particles in the powder raw material pass through the low flow section of the accelerating tube due to the effect of the inertial force, and relatively fine particles pass through the high flow section of the accelerating tube due to the effect of the inertia force. Without being evenly dispersed in the airflow,
The powder raw material partially collides with the opposing collision member while being separated into a flow having a high powder raw material concentration and a flow having a low powder raw material concentration, so that the pulverization efficiency is reduced and the processing capacity is reduced. Furthermore, in the above-mentioned conventional example, the pulverized material colliding with the collision surface and pulverized secondary (or tertiary) with the inner wall of the pulverization chamber is further pulverized. However, since the pulverization chamber has a box shape, it is efficient. There is a disadvantage that secondary collision does not take place and the pulverization processing capacity cannot be improved. On the other hand, as shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, the collision surface of the collision member in such a conventional pulverizer has a flat plate shape inclined at right angles or at 45 degrees to the direction of the particle mixture gas flow on which the material to be pulverized is placed. JP-A-57-50554 and JP-A-58-14
3853), which has the following disadvantages.

In the case of a collision surface 49 perpendicular to the axial direction of the acceleration tube 42 as shown in FIG. 6, the crushed material blown out from the acceleration tube outlet 43 and the crushed material reflected on the collision surface 49 are different from each other.
Is high near the collision surface 49. Therefore, the concentration of the powder (the material to be crushed and the crushed material) near the collision surface 49 increases, and the crushing efficiency is not good.

Further, in the crusher shown in FIG.
Since 0 is inclined with respect to the axial direction of the acceleration tube 42,
Although the powder concentration in the vicinity of the collision surface 50 is lower than that of the pulverizer of FIG. 6, the collision force due to the high-pressure airflow is dispersed and lowers. Furthermore, it cannot be said that the secondary collision with the crushing chamber wall 51 is effectively used. For example, as shown in FIG. 7, when the collision surface 50 has an angle of 45 ° with respect to the accelerating tube, the above-mentioned problems are small when pulverizing the thermoplastic resin. However, since the impact force used for crushing at the time of collision is small and crushing due to secondary collision with the crushing chamber wall 51 is small, the crushing ability is 1 / compared to the crusher of FIG.
The crushing ability drops to 2 to 1 / 1.5.

Various classifiers have been proposed as an airflow classifier provided in the collision type airflow pulverizer. As a typical example, a dispersion separator (manufactured by Nippon Pneumatic Co., Ltd.) as shown in FIG. 8 is generally used.

However, the powder material supply section to the classifying chamber of this type of airflow classifier as shown in FIG. 8 has a cyclone-like shape. A supply tube 62 is connected to the upper outer peripheral surface of the guide tube 61. The supply cylinder 62 is connected so that the powder material supplied to the outer periphery of the guide cylinder 61 via the supply cylinder 62 is introduced in a circumferential tangential direction in the guide cylinder.

When the powder material is supplied from the supply cylinder 62 into the guide cylinder 61, the powder material descends while turning along the inner peripheral surface of the guide cylinder 61. In this case, since the powder material descends from the supply cylinder 62 along the inner peripheral surface of the guide cylinder 61 in a band shape, the distribution and concentration of the powder material flowing into the classification chamber 63 become non-uniform (the distribution of the guide cylinder into the classification chamber). The powder material flows in only from a part of the peripheral surface), and the dispersion is poor.

Further, when the treatment amount is increased, the powder materials are more likely to agglomerate, dispersing is not sufficiently performed, and high-precision classification cannot be performed. In addition, when the amount of air that conveys the powder material is large, there is a problem that the amount of air flowing into the classifying chamber is large, so that the velocity of the particles turning in the classifying chamber toward the center increases, and the diameter of the separated particles increases.

Therefore, when the diameter of the separated particles is normally reduced, the air is controlled and discharged from the upper portion 64 of the guide cylinder by a damper. However, if the amount of the discharged air is large, a part of the powder material is also discharged and lost. There may be practical problems.

[0012]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In view of the above-mentioned problems of the prior art, the objects of the present invention are as follows. Crushing the material to be crushed more efficiently; An object of the present invention is to provide an impingement type air flow pulverizer capable of achieving the points of preventing the fusion, agglomeration, and coarsening of the pulverized material, or the occurrence of extreme wear on the inner wall of the accelerating tube and the collision surface of the collision member. is there.

[0013]

In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the present invention has a structure in which a classification plate having an inclined center whose height is high at the bottom of a classification chamber is supplied together with carrier air in the classification chamber. The powdered material is swirled by an airflow flowing through a classification louver, centrifuged into fine powder and coarse powder, and the fine powder is discharged to a fine powder discharge chute connected to a discharge port provided at the center of the classification plate. At the same time, an annular guide chamber communicating with the powder supply cylinder is provided at the upper part of the classifying chamber so that coarse powder can be discharged from a discharge port formed on an outer peripheral portion of the classifying plate, and between the guide chamber and the classifying chamber. An airflow classifier provided with a plurality of louvers whose tips are directed tangentially to the inner circumferential direction of the guide chamber, and an accelerating tube for conveying and accelerating the object to be ground by high-pressure gas,
A collision member having a collision surface provided opposite to the acceleration tube outlet, wherein the acceleration tube forms a Laval nozzle (medium-thin nozzle), and a high-pressure gas ejection nozzle is arranged upstream of the throat portion;
The high-pressure gas ejection nozzle has a shape in which the cross-sectional area of the flow path is once narrowed toward the downstream side in the long axis direction and then spread again, so that the supply of the object to be crushed to the acceleration tube is an ejector effect.
As a result , an object supply port is provided between the outer wall of the high-pressure gas ejection nozzle and the inner wall of the throat portion,
A crushing chamber connected to the outlet of the acceleration tube has a circular or elliptical cross-sectional shape in the axial direction, and a tip portion of the collision surface of the collision member has a weight shape having an apex angle of 110 to 175 degrees. A collision-type airflow pulverizer provided with a pulverized material discharge port behind the collision member, and a pulverized material supply port of the collision-type airflow pulverizer communicates with a coarse powder discharge port of the airflow classifier. And a collision-type airflow pulverizer in which a pulverized material discharge port of the collision-type airflow pulverizer communicates with a powder supply cylinder of the airflow classifier.

Here, if the center axis of the accelerating tube is vertical, a more favorable pulverizing effect can be obtained in relation to gravity.

The configuration and operation of the present invention will be described in detail in the following embodiments.

[0016]

1 to 5 are schematic views showing one embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is an enlarged sectional view showing an accelerating tube throat portion and a high-pressure gas jet nozzle along line AA in FIG. FIG. 3 is an enlarged sectional view showing the crushing chamber and the collision member (conical shape) along the line BB, FIG. 4 is a sectional view showing the high pressure gas supply port and the high pressure gas chamber along the line CC, and FIG. It is sectional drawing which shows the louver in the -D line.

First, an impingement type air current pulverizer used in the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. The crushed material supplied from the crushed material supply cylinder 5 is supplied to the accelerating tube throat portion 2 of the accelerating tube 1 having a Laval nozzle shape having a central axis disposed in a vertical direction.
Reaches the material supply port 4 formed between the inner wall and the outer wall of the high-pressure gas ejection nozzle 3 whose center is coaxial with the central axis of the acceleration tube 1. On the other hand, the high-pressure gas is introduced from the high-pressure gas supply port 6, passes through the high-pressure gas chamber 7, passes through one or preferably a plurality of high-pressure gas introduction pipes 8, and sharply moves from the high-pressure gas ejection nozzle 3 toward the acceleration pipe outlet 9. Spouts while expanding. At this time, due to the ejector effect generated in the vicinity of the accelerating tube throat portion 2, the material to be ground is sucked from the material supply port 4 toward the acceleration tube outlet 9 while being entrained by the gas coexisting therewith. In the accelerating tube throat portion 2, rapid acceleration is performed while being uniformly mixed with the high-pressure airflow, and the collision surface of the collision member 10 disposed opposite to the accelerating tube outlet 9 (a cone having a tip portion having a vertex angle of 110 to 175 degrees) ) Collide with each other in the state of a uniform solid-gas mixture gas stream without an uneven dust concentration.

Since the impact force generated at the time of collision is given to the sufficiently dispersed individual particles (objects to be crushed), very efficient crushing can be performed. The crushed material crushed on the collision surface of the collision member 10 further repeats a secondary collision (and a tertiary collision) between the inner wall surface of the crushing chamber wall 14 having a circular or elliptical cross section and the surface of the collision member 10, The crushing efficiency is further increased, and the crushed material is discharged from the crushed material discharge port 13 provided behind the collision member 10.

Further, since the tip portion of the collision surface of the collision member 10 has a cone shape having an apex angle of 110 to 175 degrees, when resin or sticky material is crushed,
Fusing, agglomeration, and coarsening that occur when the angle of the collision surface is 90 degrees with respect to the accelerating tube do not occur, and pulverization with a high dust concentration is possible. In the crushed material, wear generated on the inner wall of the accelerating tube and the collision surface of the collision member was not concentrated locally, so that the life was prolonged, and stable operation became possible.

Next, an air flow classifier used in the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. In this figure, 21 indicates a cylindrical main body casing, 22 indicates a lower casing, and a hopper 23 for discharging coarse powder is connected to a lower portion thereof. A classifying chamber 24 is formed inside the main body casing 21. An upper part of the classifying chamber 24 has an annular guide chamber 25 attached to an upper part of the main body casing 21 and a conical (umbrella-shaped) upper part whose central part is higher. It is closed by a cover 26.

A plurality of louvers 27 arranged in the circumferential direction are provided on a partition wall between the classifying chamber 24 and the guide chamber 25, and the guide chamber 2 is provided.
The powder material and the air fed into 5 are swirled into the classifying chamber 24 from between the louvers 27 to flow. The air and the powder material flowing in the guide chamber 25 via the supply tube 28 are required to be uniformly distributed to each louver 27 in order to accurately classify them. The flow path up to the louver 27 needs to be shaped so that concentration by centrifugal force does not easily occur. In this embodiment, the supply cylinder is connected from the upper direction perpendicular to the horizontal plane of the classification chamber 24. It is not limited to this.

Thus, through the louver 27,
The air and the powder material are supplied to the classifying chamber 24 and the louver 2
A significant improvement in dispersion is obtained when feeding the classifying chamber 24 via 7 compared to conventional systems. The louver 27 is movable, and the louver interval can be adjusted.

A classifying louver 29 arranged in the circumferential direction is provided at a lower portion of the main body casing 21, and a classifying chamber 24 is externally provided.
Classification air that causes a swirling flow is introduced through a classification louver 29.

At the bottom of the classifying chamber 24, a conical (umbrella-shaped) classifying plate 30 whose central portion is high is provided, and a coarse powder discharge port 31 is formed around the outside of the classifying plate 30. Further, a fine powder discharge chute 32 is connected to the center of the classifying plate 30, and the chute 3
The lower end of 2 is bent into an L-shape, and the bent end is located outside the side wall of the lower casing 22. Further, the chute 32 is connected to a suction fan via fine powder collecting means such as a cyclone or a dust collector, and applies a suction force to the classification chamber 24 by the suction fan, and flows into the classification chamber 24 from between the louvers 29. The swirling flow required for classification is caused by the suction air.

The air flow classifier shown in the present embodiment has the above-described structure. When a powder material is supplied from the supply cylinder 28 into the guide cylinder 25 together with air, the air containing the powder material is supplied from the guide chamber 25. After passing between the louvers 27, it is swirled into the classifying chamber 24 and flows in a uniform concentration while being dispersed.

The powder material that has flowed into the classifying chamber 24 while swirling is further swirled by a suction fan connected to the fine powder discharge chute 32 along with a suction air flow flowing from between the classifying louvers 29 below the classifying chamber. The coarse powder, which is centrifuged into coarse powder and fine powder by the centrifugal force acting on each particle, and circulates around the outer periphery of the classification chamber 24, is discharged from the coarse powder discharge port 31 and discharged from the lower hopper 23. The fine powder moving to the center along the upper inclined surface of the classification plate 30 is discharged to the fine powder collecting means by the fine powder discharge chute 32.

The air flowing into the classifying chamber 24 together with the powder material flows in a swirling flow.
The velocity of the particles rotating in the center 4 toward the center becomes relatively smaller than the centrifugal force, and the separation of the separated particle diameter is performed in the classification chamber 24, and the fine powder having a very small particle diameter is discharged to the fine powder discharge chute 32. Can be done. In addition, since the powder material flows into the classifying chamber at a substantially uniform concentration, it can be obtained as a finely distributed powder.

According to the present invention, as shown in FIG. 1, the impingement type air flow pulverizer and the air flow classifier are connected to each other through a pulverized material supply port of the impingement type air flow pulverizer and a coarse powder discharge port of the air flow classifier. This is a pulverizing apparatus in which a pulverized material discharge port of an airflow pulverizer communicates with a powder supply cylinder of an airflow classifier.

In the present invention, the raw material for pulverization is introduced from a raw material introduction part 33 in FIG. 1 by an appropriate introduction means, and the finally obtained pulverized material is taken out of the system from a fine powder discharge chute 32.

[0030]

As described above, according to the collision-type airflow pulverizer of the present invention, the objects to be pulverized are uniformly dispersed so that the dust concentration is not deviated, and the objects are collided with the collision surface of the collision member. Efficiently pulverize the material to be crushed,
Aggregation, coarsening, and extreme wear on the inner wall of the acceleration tube and the collision surface of the collision member can be prevented. Further, the secondary or tertiary collision is efficiently performed by utilizing the inner wall of the grinding chamber, whereby the grinding can be efficiently performed, and the apparatus can be operated stably.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a collision type air current pulverizer embodying the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along line AA of FIG.

FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken along line BB of FIG. 1;

FIG. 4 is a sectional view taken along line CC of FIG. 1;

FIG. 5 is a sectional view taken along line DD of FIG. 1;

FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view showing a conventional example of a collision type airflow pulverizer.

FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view showing a conventional example of a collision type airflow pulverizer.

FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view showing a conventional example of an airflow classifier.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Acceleration pipe 2 Acceleration pipe throat part 3 High pressure gas ejection nozzle 4 Pulverized material supply port 5 Pulverized substance supply cylinder 6 High pressure gas supply port 7 High pressure gas chamber 8 High pressure gas introduction pipe 9 Acceleration pipe outlet 10 Collision member 11 Collision member support Body 12 crushing chamber 13 crushed material discharge port 14 crushing chamber wall 21 classifier main casing 22 classifier lower casing 23 coarse powder discharge hopper 24 classification chamber 25 guide chamber 26 upper cover 27 louver 28 supply cylinder 29 louver 30 classification plate 31 coarse powder Discharge port 32 Fine powder discharge chute 33 Raw material introduction section

────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (72) Inventor Kazuyuki Miyano 3-30-2 Shimomaruko, Ota-ku, Tokyo Canon Inc. (56) References JP-A-54-117971 (JP, A) JP-A-1 -207152 (JP, A) JP-A-1-254266 (JP, A) JP-A-61-234958 (JP, A) (58) Fields investigated (Int. Cl. ⁷ , DB name) B02C 19/06 B02C 19/00

Claims (2)

(57) [Claims] 1. A classifying plate having an inclined central portion at the bottom of the classifying chamber, the center of which rises, and the powder material supplied together with the conveying air in the classifying chamber is swirled by an airflow flowing through a classifying louver. Centrifuged into fine powder and coarse powder,
A fine powder can be discharged to a fine powder discharge chute connected to a discharge port provided at the center of the classification plate, and coarse powder can be discharged from a discharge port formed at an outer peripheral portion of the classification plate. An airflow classifier provided with an annular guide chamber communicating with the supply cylinder, and provided with a plurality of louvers between the guide chamber and the classifying chamber, the louvers of which are directed in the tangential direction in the inner circumferential direction of the guide chamber; An acceleration tube for conveying and accelerating the object to be crushed by gas, and a collision member having a collision surface provided opposite to the acceleration tube outlet, the acceleration tube forming a Laval nozzle, and a throat portion upstream of the acceleration tube The high-pressure gas ejection nozzle has a shape in which the cross-sectional area of the flow path is once narrowed toward the downstream side in the long axis direction, and then re-spreads . Supply to the accelerator due to the ejector effect
In order to perform this, an object supply port is provided between the outer wall of the high-pressure gas ejection nozzle and the inner wall of the throat portion, and further, the axial cross-sectional shape of the grinding chamber connected to the outlet of the acceleration tube is circular or circular. A collision type airflow pulverizer having an elliptical shape, a tip portion of the collision member collision surface having a cone shape having an apex angle of 110 to 175 degrees, and a pulverized material discharge port provided behind the collision member; A crushed material supply port of the collision type air flow crusher is communicated with a coarse powder discharge port of the air flow classifier, and a pulverized material discharge port of the collision type air flow crusher and powder of the air flow classification device are provided. An impingement airflow pulverizer characterized by being in communication with a supply cylinder. 2. The impingement-type airflow pulverizer according to claim 1, wherein a center axis of the accelerating tube is arranged in a vertical direction.