JPH0784952B2 - Air conditioner - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Industrial field of application] The present invention relates to an air constituted by an indoor heat exchanger, an outdoor heat exchanger, and a rotary piston multi-cylinder compressor having a capacity control mechanism. It relates to a harmony device.

[Prior Art] A conventional air conditioner of this type will be described with reference to FIGS. 3 to 5 (a) and (b).

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a refrigerant circuit of a conventional air conditioner, and FIG.
Figures (a) and (b) are cross-sectional views of a capacity control on-off valve used in a conventional air conditioner. Figure (a) shows the state during 50% cylinder deactivation, and Figure (b). Indicates the state during full operation. 5 (a) and 5 (b) are cross-sectional views of a cylinder of a rotary piston type multi-cylinder compressor used in a conventional air conditioner, and FIG. 5 (a) shows the first cylinder, and FIG. b) shows the second cylinder. In these figures,
1 is a compressor, 2 is a 4-way switching valve, 3 is an outdoor heat exchanger equipped with a blower 4, 5 is an expansion mechanism during heating operation, 6 and 7 are expansion mechanisms during cooling operation, and 8 and 9 are Blower 10,11 respectively
An indoor heat exchanger equipped with, 12 is an accumulator,
A refrigeration cycle is configured by sequentially connecting these with refrigerant pipes. 13 is a check valve connected in parallel with the expansion mechanism 5, 14 and 15 are check valves connected in parallel with the expansion mechanisms 6 and 7, and 16 and 17 are in the indoor heat exchangers 8 and 9, respectively. It is an electromagnetic on-off valve connected to the refrigerant inlet side during the cooling operation. The compressor 1 is a high-pressure shell-type two-cylinder rotary compressor that includes a first cylinder 20 and a second cylinder 21 having the same capacity, and compresses a gas refrigerant with a single motor 22.
The motor 22 has a first cylinder 20 and a second cylinder 21.
It is configured to be cooled by the refrigerant gas discharged from. The refrigerant pipe for supplying the refrigerant gas to the compressor 1 includes a refrigerant pipe 23 communicating with the first cylinder 20 at the outlet of the accumulator 12, and a refrigerant pipe 26 communicating with the second cylinder 21 via the on-off valve 24 and the refrigerant suction passage 25. Divided into A circuit is connected between the compressor 1 and the four-way switching valve 2 to the refrigerant suction passage 25 via the first electromagnetic opening / closing valve 27, the second electromagnetic opening / closing valve 28, and the gas vent pipe 29. In addition, the first solenoid on-off valve 27
A pressure guiding pipe 30 is connected to the on-off valve 24 from between the second electromagnetic on-off valve 28 and the second electromagnetic on-off valve 28.

31 is a selection means for selecting the indoor heat exchanger 8, 32 is a selection means for selecting the indoor heat exchanger 9, 33 is an operation of the compressor 1, electromagnetic on-off valves 16, 17 and the first and second Solenoid open / close valve 27,28
It is a control means for controlling the opening and closing of and the operation of the blowers 4, 10, and 11. When both the indoor heat exchangers 8 and 9 are selected by the selecting means 31 and 32, the solenoid opening / closing valves 16 and 1 are controlled by the control means 33.
7, the blower 4,10,11 is operated, the first electromagnetic on-off valve 27 is closed, the second electromagnetic on-off valve 28 is opened, and the compressor 1 becomes 100% full operation. . When only the indoor heat exchanger 8 is selected by the selection means 31, the control means 33 causes the electromagnetic on-off valve 16 to open and the blower.
4, 10 are operated, electromagnetic on-off valve 17 is closed, and blower 11
Is stopped. At this time, in the compressor 1, the first electromagnetic on-off valve 27 is opened and the second electromagnetic on-off valve 28 is closed, so that the cylinder deactivation operation is 50%. Similarly, when only the indoor heat exchanger 9 is selected by the selection means 32, the solenoid opening / closing valve is controlled by the control means 33.
17 is opened, the blowers 4 and 11 are operated, the electromagnetic opening / closing valve 16 is closed, and the blower 10 is stopped. On this occasion,
In the compressor 1, the first electromagnetic on-off valve 27 is opened and the second electromagnetic on-off valve 28 is closed, so that 50% cylinder deactivation operation is performed. Also,
When none of the indoor heat exchangers 8 and 9 is selected by the selection means 31 and 32, the compressor 1 is stopped by the control means 33, the electromagnetic opening / closing valves 16 and 17 and the first and second electromagnetic valves. The on-off valves 27 and 28 are closed, respectively, and the blowers 4, 10, 11
Will be stopped and the device will be stopped. 50 mentioned above
The on-off valve 24 that is operated during the cylinder deactivation operation will be described with reference to FIGS. 4 (a) and 4 (b). Figure 4 (a),
In (b), 41 is a slider for selectively opening and closing the flow path, and this slider 41 is movably provided in the opening / closing valve 24. That is, when the refrigerant having a pressure is supplied from the pressure guiding tube 30, the slider 41 is pushed toward the refrigerant piping 26 side so that the refrigerant piping 26 and the refrigerant suction passage 25 are separated from each other, as shown in FIG. When the refrigerant is not supplied from the pressure guiding pipe 30, the slider 41 is pushed by the refrigerant supplied from the refrigerant pipe 26 and the refrigerant pipe is closed as shown in FIG. 26 and the refrigerant suction passage 25 are communicated with each other. For example, when the first electromagnetic on-off valve 27 is closed and the second electromagnetic on-off valve 28 is opened while the compressor 1 is operating, the pressure difference between the refrigerant pipe 26 and the pressure guiding pipe 30 disappears. From the above, the slider 41 is pushed down by the flow of the refrigerant as shown in FIG. 2B, and the refrigerant is supplied to the first and second cylinders 20 and 21, so that the compressor 1
Is 100% full operation. If the first electromagnetic on-off valve 27 is opened and the second electromagnetic on-off valve 28 is closed while the compressor 1 is operating, the pressure in the pressure guiding pipe 30 becomes equal to the discharge pressure, and the refrigerant pipe Since the pressure becomes higher than the pressure inside 26, the slider 41 is pushed up as shown in FIG. 4A, and the flow of the refrigerant to the second cylinder 21 is closed. On this occasion,
In the compressor 1, the refrigerant is supplied only to the first cylinder 20, and the cylinder deactivation operation is performed with the capacity of 50%.

Next, the first and second cylinders 20 and 21 of the compressor 1 will be described with reference to FIGS. 5 (a) and 5 (b).

FIG. 5 (a) is a cross-sectional view of the first cylinder 20, in which 51a is a compression chamber and 52a is a vane that partitions the compression chamber 51a into a compression portion 53a and a suction process portion 54a. 55a is a rolling piston, 56a is a drive shaft connected to the motor 22, 57a
Is the inlet. Reference numeral 58a is a discharge port through which the refrigerant compressed in the compression chamber 51a is discharged. In the figure, solid arrows indicate the rotation direction of the drive shaft 56a. In the first cylinder 20, the compression chamber 51a is partitioned by the vane 52a into a compression portion 53a and a suction process portion 54a. The drive shaft 56a is rotated by the motor 22, and the rolling piston 55a is also rotated accordingly, and the refrigerant sucked thereby is compressed by the compression unit 53a and discharged from the discharge port 58a.

FIG. 5 (b) is a cross-sectional view of the second cylinder 51, in which 51b is a compression chamber, 52b is the compression chamber 51b and a compression portion 53b.
It is a vane that divides into a suction process section 54b. 55b is a rolling piston, 56b is a drive shaft connected to the motor 22, 5
7b is an inlet. Further, 58b is a discharge port through which the refrigerant compressed in the compression chamber 51b is discharged. In the figure, solid arrows indicate the rotation direction of the drive shaft 56b. In the second cylinder 21, the compression chamber 51b is partitioned by a vane 52b into a compression portion 53b and a suction process portion 54b. The drive shaft 56b is rotated by the motor 22, and the rolling piston 55b is also rotated accordingly, and the refrigerant sucked thereby is compressed in the compression section 53b and discharged from the discharge port 58b.

Further, in the first cylinder 20 and the second cylinder 21, the rolling piston 55a of the first cylinder 20 and the rolling piston 55b of the second cylinder 21 suppress fluctuation of the load torque to the motor 22 or In order to reduce the pulsation of the generated refrigerant and suppress the vibration to a low level, as shown in FIGS.
It is arranged to repeat inhalation and compression with a cycle that is 180 degrees out of phase.

Next, the operation of the conventional air conditioner configured as described above will be described. During the cooling operation and the defrost operation, the high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant discharged from the compressor 1 is 4
Sent to the outdoor heat exchanger 3 via the one-way switching valve 2 and blower 4
It is liquefied by heat exchange with the outside air blown by. Next, this liquefied refrigerant, that is, the liquid refrigerant passes through the check valve 13, is decompressed by the expansion mechanism 6, 7 via the electromagnetic on-off valves 16, 17, and blowers 10, 11 in the indoor heat exchangers 8, 9. It is heat-exchanged with the indoor air blown by and is vaporized again. After passing through the four-way switching valve 2 and the accumulator 12, the vaporized refrigerant is passed through the refrigerant pipe 23 to the first cylinder 20, and the other side is connected to the refrigerant pipe 26, the on-off valve 24 and the refrigerant suction passage 25 at the time of full operation. After that, it is sucked into the second cylinder 21. During the cylinder deactivation operation, the slider 41 of the on-off valve 24 closes the path from the refrigerant pipe 26 to the refrigerant suction passage 25, so that the refrigerant is not supplied to the second cylinder 21 and the first cylinder 20
Supplied only to. The refrigeration cycle is configured in this way.

During the heating operation, the high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant discharged from the compressor 1 is sent to the indoor heat exchangers 8 and 9 via the four-way switching valve 2 and exchanges heat with the indoor air blown by the blowers 10 and 11. It is liquefied here. Next, the liquefied refrigerant, that is, the liquid refrigerant passes through the check valves 14 and 15, and the electromagnetic opening / closing valve 1
The pressure is reduced by the expansion mechanism 5 via 6 and 17. The depressurized refrigerant is heat-exchanged with the outside air blown by the blower 4 in the outdoor heat exchanger 3 to be vaporized again. The vaporized refrigerant passes through the four-way switching valve 2 and the accumulator 12, and then one of them is passed through the refrigerant pipe 23 to the first cylinder 20, and the other is the refrigerant pipe 26, the on-off valve 24 and the refrigerant suction passage during the full operation. 2
It is sucked into the second cylinder 21 via 5. During the cylinder deactivation operation, the slider 41 of the on-off valve 24 closes the path from the refrigerant pipe 26 to the refrigerant suction passage 25, so that the refrigerant is not supplied to the second cylinder 21 but only to the first cylinder 20. . In this way, the refrigeration cycle is formed.

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention]

However, in the conventional air conditioner configured as described above, when the compressor 1 is switched from the operation to the stop, the high pressure refrigerant on the discharge side of the compressor 1 and the low pressure refrigerant on the suction side of the compressor 1 are pressure balanced. The refrigerant flows from the discharge side to the suction side. That is, in the first cylinder 20, the high-pressure refrigerant in the compression portion 53a connected to the discharge side of the compressor 1 flows into the suction process portion 54a in order to balance, and the rolling piston 55a is pushed by this, so that the motor 22, Drive shaft
It rotates in the direction opposite to the rotating direction of 56a. Also in the second cylinder 21 which is 180 degrees out of phase, the compressor 1
The high-pressure refrigerant in the compression section 53b connected to the discharge side of the refrigerant flows into the suction process section 58b in order to balance, and the rolling piston 55b is pushed by this, so that the motor 22, the drive shaft 56
It rotates in the opposite direction of b. Such a phenomenon continues until the pressure on the discharge side and the pressure on the suction side in the compressor 1 are balanced, and the refrigerant and lubricating oil inside the compressor 1 in the first cylinder 20 flow from the suction port 57a to the refrigerant pipe 23. Further, in the second cylinder 21, from the suction port 57b thereof, the refrigerant suction passage 25, the opening / closing valve 24 and the refrigerant pipe.
It flows back to the accumulator 12 via 26 and flows out. For this reason, when the compressor 1 is started, there is a problem that lubrication failure occurs due to lack of lubricating oil inside the compressor 1, and the life of the compressor 1 is significantly shortened.

[Means for Solving the Problems]

In the air conditioner according to the present invention, the electromagnetic on-off valve connected to the discharge side pipe of the compressor stops the compressor when the device is stopped, and also opens the electromagnetic on-off valve to close the refrigerant suction passage. The control means is connected.

[Work]

When the control unit opens the electromagnetic on-off valve when the device is stopped, the on-off valve is closed by the discharge pressure of the compressor and the refrigerant suction passage of the compressor is closed, so the pressure when the compressor is stopped It is possible to prevent the refrigerant and the lubricating oil from flowing from the discharge side of the compressor to the suction side in order to balance the above, and it is possible to prevent the rolling piston of the compressor from reversing.

〔Example〕

An embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2.

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a refrigerant circuit of an air conditioner according to the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a flow chart for explaining the operation of the air conditioner according to the present invention. In these figures, the same or equivalent members as those described in FIG. 3 are designated by the same reference numerals, and detailed description thereof will be omitted here. In these drawings, reference numeral 61 is a control means used in the air conditioner of the present invention. The control means 61 operates the compressor 1, the solenoid on-off valves 16 and 17, and the first and second solenoid on-off valves 27 and 27. 28
In addition to the function of the conventional control means for controlling the opening / closing operation of the fan and the operation of the blowers 4, 10, 11, the first electromagnetic opening / closing valve 27 when the device is stopped
Is provided with a function for opening for a certain period of time.

Next, the operation of the control means 61 will be described in detail with reference to the flowchart shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 2, it is determined in step 71 whether the indoor heat exchanger 8 is selected. If it is selected, the process proceeds to step 72. If it is not selected, the process proceeds to step 75. In step 72, it is determined whether the indoor heat exchanger 9 is selected. If it is selected, the process proceeds to step 73, and if it is not selected, the process proceeds to step 74. In step 73, the compressor 1 is operated, the electromagnetic opening / closing valves 16 and 17 and the second electromagnetic opening / closing valve 28 are opened, the first electromagnetic opening / closing valve 27 is closed, and the blowers 4, 10 and 11 are operated to perform full operation. . In step 74, the compressor 1 is operated, the electromagnetic opening / closing valve 16 and the first electromagnetic opening / closing valve 27 are opened, the electromagnetic opening / closing valve 17 and the second electromagnetic opening / closing valve 28 are closed, the blowers 4 and 10 are operated, and the blower is
Stop 11 and perform cylinder deactivation. In step 75, it is determined whether the indoor heat exchanger 9 is selected. If it is selected, the process proceeds to step 76, and if it is not selected, the process proceeds to step 77. In step 76, the compressor 1 is operated, the electromagnetic opening / closing valve 17 and the first electromagnetic opening / closing valve 27 are opened, the electromagnetic opening / closing valve 16 and the second electromagnetic opening / closing valve 28 are closed, the blowers 4 and 11 are operated, and the blower 10 is stopped. Then, the cylinder deactivation operation is performed. In step 77, the compressor 1 is stopped, the electromagnetic opening / closing valves 16 and 17 and the second electromagnetic opening / closing valve 28 are closed, the first electromagnetic opening / closing valve 27 is opened, and the blowers 4, 10 and 11 are stopped. In step 78, it is determined whether or not a certain time has elapsed since the compressor 1 stopped, and if it has elapsed, step 79
Then, the first electromagnetic on-off valve 27 is closed.

In the air conditioner including the control means 61 configured as described above, when the compressor 1 is switched from the operating state to the stopped state, the first electromagnetic opening / closing valve 27 is opened for a certain period of time, and the second electromagnetic opening / closing valve 27 is opened. By closing the on-off valve 28,
The high pressure on the discharge side of the compressor 1 is the first solenoid on-off valve.
It joins the on-off valve 24 through 27 and the pressure guiding pipe 30, and the on-off valve 24 shuts off the connection between the refrigerant pipe 26 and the refrigerant suction passage 25. Therefore, the flow of the refrigerant flowing from the discharge side to the suction side, which occurs due to the pressure balance between the high-pressure refrigerant on the discharge side and the low-pressure refrigerant on the suction side of the compressor 1, in other words, the compression in the second cylinder 21 From the compression section connected to the discharge side of the machine 1, the suction process section, the suction port, the refrigerant suction path 25,
The on-off valve 24 can block the flow that flows back and out to the accumulator 12 via the on-off valve 24 and the refrigerant pipe 26.

Therefore, the rolling piston (not shown) of the compressor 1 can be prevented from being pushed by the reverse flow of the refrigerant and being rotated in the direction opposite to the predetermined direction. It is possible to reliably prevent the lubricating oil from flowing out, and it is possible to maintain the lubricating oil in the compressor 1 at a predetermined amount even at the time of startup.

In the present embodiment, an example using a high-pressure shell type compressor that cools the motor 22 with the compressed gas refrigerant is shown.
The compressor used in the air conditioner of the present invention may be of a low pressure shell type that cools the motor with a gas refrigerant before compression, and even if this low pressure shell type compressor is used, it is the same as in this embodiment. The effect of is obtained.

〔The invention's effect〕

As described above, in the air conditioner according to the present invention, the electromagnetic on-off valve connected to the discharge side pipe of the compressor stops the compressor when the device is stopped, and the electromagnetic on-off valve is opened to operate the refrigerant. Since the control means for closing the suction passage is connected, the control means opens the electromagnetic opening / closing valve when the apparatus is stopped, so that the opening / closing valve is closed by the discharge pressure of the compressor and the refrigerant suction passage of the compressor is closed. Therefore, in order to balance the pressure when the compressor is stopped, it is possible to prevent the refrigerant and the lubricating oil from flowing from the discharge side to the suction side of the compressor, and prevent the rolling piston of the compressor from reversing. Can be prevented. Therefore, it is possible to reliably prevent the refrigerant and the lubricating oil in the compressor from flowing out, and it is possible to maintain the lubricating oil in the compressor at a predetermined amount even at the time of starting, so that the life of the compressor is extended. A highly reliable air conditioner can be obtained.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a refrigerant circuit of an air conditioner according to the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a flow chart for explaining the operation of the air conditioner according to the present invention. FIG. 3 is a view showing a refrigerant circuit of a conventional air conditioner, and FIGS. 4 (a) and 4 (b) are sectional views of a capacity control on-off valve used in the conventional air conditioner. ) Indicates the state at the time of 50% cylinder deactivation operation, and FIG. 7B shows the state at the time of full operation. Fig. 5 (a),
(B) is a cross-sectional view of a cylinder of a rotary piston type multi-cylinder compressor used in a conventional air conditioner.
Shows the 1st cylinder, and the figure (b) shows the 2nd cylinder. 1 ... Compressor, 24 ... On-off valve, 25 ... Refrigerant suction passage, 26 ...
… Refrigerant pipe, 27 …… first solenoid valve, 30 …… pressure pipe,
61 …… Control means.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A refrigerant suction passage communicating with one cylinder of a rotary piston multi-cylinder compressor for refrigerant compression, which is connected to a discharge side pipe of the compressor through an electromagnetic on-off valve and closed by discharge pressure. In an air conditioner provided with an opening / closing valve, the electromagnetic opening / closing valve is connected to a control means for stopping the compressor when the apparatus is stopped and opening the electromagnetic opening / closing valve to close the refrigerant suction passage. A characteristic air conditioner.