JPH0772477B2 - segment - Google Patents

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a segment made of concrete or the like which is joined to each other to construct an underground tunnel wall.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art As a recent tunnel construction method, a so-called shield tunnel construction method has been popularized in which, while excavating the ground by a shield machine, a large number of segments are sequentially connected to an excavation hole behind the ground to construct a tunnel wall. ing.

When it becomes necessary to widen the inside of the tunnel of a certain part after a certain period of time for a tunnel already constructed by such a construction method (for example, when a station is newly established in a railway tunnel). However, it is necessary to excavate the ground on the side of the outer circumference of the tunnel wall, but at that time, it is necessary to stabilize the ground around the widening part, especially in the case of a deep tunnel, strong ground stabilization Need to be converted.

Therefore, as shown in FIGS. 11 and 12, a large number of loop-shaped freezing pipes 2 and straight freezing pipes (stabilization pipes) are provided on the ground G so as to surround the widened portion G1 from the inside of the existing tunnel 1. ) 3 and insert these cryotubes 2, 3
A method for stabilizing the ground G around the widening part G1 (that is, the frozen ground G2) by refrigerating the ground G around the freezing pipes 2 and 3 into a frozen ground G2 by injecting and circulating a refrigerant into the There is. In this way, the area around the widened part G1 is frozen
After setting 2, the tunnel wall 1A (segments forming the tunnel wall) desired in the widened portion G1 and the earth and sand of the widened portion G1 are excavated and removed to widen the tunnel 1.

To insert the freezing pipes 2 and 3 into the ground G, the freezing pipes 2 and 3 are penetrated from the tunnel inner space 1B to the tunnel wall 1A, that is, the segment. A means of making a hole and inserting a freezing tube into the hole is conceivable.

[0006]

By the way, particularly in the case of the loop-shaped freezing pipe 2, the size (cross-sectional area) of the widened portion G1 and the inner space of the tunnel at the tip end on the insertion side depend on the insertion direction with respect to the segment. The return point to 1B is decided. That is, in order to make the widened portion G1 have a predetermined size, it is necessary to set the insertion direction of the freezing tube 2 into the segment with high accuracy.

However, it is expected that it is extremely difficult to form a hole for inserting a freezing tube in a segment in the insertion direction as set, and the means for adjusting the insertion direction and holding the angle thereof are also required. The current situation is that nothing that can be put to practical use has been developed.

The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and provides a segment which enables the freezing pipe (stabilizing pipe) to be inserted into the ground around the outer circumference of the tunnel wall with high accuracy and at an arbitrary angle. Is intended.

[0009]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made to achieve the above object, and as claimed in claim 1, in a segment which is joined to each other to construct an underground tunnel wall, a tunnel is formed on the outer circumference of the tunnel wall. In constructing the widened portion, a guide tube that is inserted into the ground around the tunnel widened portion and into which the ground stabilizing means such as a refrigerant flows in is introduced into the segment body by guiding the stabilizing pipe into the ground by guiding it in a desired direction. The feature is that it is provided.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, the guide member is
An outer tube fixed to the segment body and an inner tube mounted inside the outer tube and into which the stabilizing tube is slidably inserted are provided, and an inner peripheral surface of the outer tube and an outer periphery of the inner tube are provided. A space is provided between the inner pipe and the outer pipe so that the inner pipe can be inclined with respect to the outer pipe, and the inner pipe stopper that holds the inclined state and determines the inserting direction of the stable pipe into the ground is detachably provided. Alternatively, at least one of the inner tubes is equipped with a seal for closing a gap formed between the inner tube and the outer peripheral surface of the stabilizing tube.

Further, according to a third aspect of the present invention, the guide member is attached to the outer pipe fixed to the segment body, and the inner pipe is detachably mounted inside the outer pipe, and the stabilizing pipe is slidably inserted into the inner pipe. And the inner space of the inner pipe,
It is assumed that its axis extends along the insertion direction of the stable tube, and at least one of the outer tube and the inner tube is equipped with a seal that closes the gap between the outer tube and the outer peripheral surface of the stable tube. It is characterized by that.

[0012]

According to the segment of the present invention, in the first aspect, the guide member provided on the segment body is used,
By penetrating the stabilizing pipe through the tunnel wall, the stabilizing pipe can be inserted into the ground in a desired direction.

Further, in the present invention, the inclination angle of the inner pipe mounted inside the outer pipe is set and held at a desired insertion angle of the stabilizing pipe by the inner pipe stopper, and the inner pipe is set in that state. If the stabilizing pipe is inserted, the stabilizing pipe is inserted into the ground in a desired direction. By replacing the inner tube stopper, the insertion direction of the stabilizing tube can be adjusted arbitrarily. Then, the soil in the ground is blocked by the seal and does not enter the guide member, so that the insertion of the stabilizing pipe is not hindered.

In the third aspect, if the stabilizing tube is inserted into the inner tube, the stabilizing tube is inserted into the ground in a desired direction. By exchanging the inner pipe, the insertion direction of the stabilization pipe can be adjusted arbitrarily.Furthermore, the earth and sand are blocked by the seal and do not enter the guide material, which hinders the insertion of the stabilization pipe. Absent.

[0015]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the following.

1 and 4 are views for explaining a first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 1 shows a segment 10 thereof.
Shows a part of. This segment 10 is configured by providing a circular arc plate-shaped segment main body 11 made of reinforced concrete with a guide member 12 used when the loop-shaped freezing pipe 2 is passed through the ground G.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 3, the guide member 12 includes an outer tube 13 fixed to the inner surface (concave surface) of the segment main body 11 facing the inner space of the tunnel, and an inner tube inside the outer tube 13. Inner tube 14 that is mounted and into which the freezing tube 2 is actually inserted
It has and.

The outer tube 13 has a cylindrical shape curved along the freezing tube 2 and has a flange 13a at the base end, the axis of which is the surface of the segment body 11 in the thickness direction. Is embedded in the segment main body 11 in a state of being aligned with. Reinforcing bars 15 forming the segment body 11 are welded to the outer peripheral surface of the outer tube 13. In this buried state,
The flange 13 a of the outer tube 13 faces the spot facing 16 formed on the inner surface side of the segment body 11. A plurality of (in this case) O-rings 17 having appropriate elasticity are attached to the inner peripheral surface of the outer tube 13.

The tip of the outer pipe 13 does not reach the outer surface of the segment main body 11, and concrete 11A, which is relatively easy to excavate, is placed between them.

The inner pipe 14 has a cylindrical shape curved along the outer pipe 13. The outer diameter of the inner pipe 14 is smaller than the inner diameter of the outer pipe 13 and the length thereof is longer than that of the outer pipe 13. , Flange 14a is formed. The outer diameter of the flange 14a is substantially the same as that of the flange 13a of the outer tube 13.

The inner diameter of the inner pipe 14 is slightly larger than the outer diameter of the freezing pipe 2, and the outer peripheral surface of the freezing pipe 2 is the inner pipe 1.
4 is inserted into the inner pipe 14 while being in sliding contact with the inner peripheral surface of 4.

The longer end of the inner pipe 14 with respect to the flange 14a is the tip portion 14A, and the shorter one is the base end portion 14A.
As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, a plurality of flat ring-shaped seals 18 (three stages in this case) are provided at the tip of the tip portion 14A. These seals 18 have a predetermined elasticity, and in the present embodiment, two are sandwiched and welded by two rings 19 having the same diameter as the inner pipe 14, and the other one is attached to the end face of each ring 19. Each ring 19 is welded and fixed to the tip surface of the inner pipe 14 by a plurality of bolts 20, so that the ring 19 is provided at the tip of the inner pipe 14 substantially coaxially with the inner pipe 14. The inner diameter of the seal 18 is smaller than the outer diameter of the freezing tube 2, and the inner peripheral side thereof is
It strongly contacts the outer peripheral surface of the freezing tube 2 inserted into the inner tube 14 and closes the gap 22 formed between the inner peripheral surface of the inner tube 14 and the outer peripheral surface of the freezing tube 2.

The inner pipe 14 has a taper washer (inner pipe stopper) 21 on the surface of the flange 14a on the side of the tip portion 14A.
Until the taper washer 21 hits the flange 13a of the outer tube 13, that is, both flanges 13
The taper washer 21 is inserted inside the outer pipe 13 along the outer pipe 13 until the tapered washer 21 is sandwiched between a and 14a. In this state, the outer peripheral surface of the inner tube 14 presses and contacts the seal 18, and the tip of the inner tube 14 is located slightly before the tip of the outer tube 13 (on the base end side).

The taper washer 21 is 1 from the peripheral portion on one side.
A ring with a wedge-shaped cross-section in which the thickness gradually increases over the other side peripheral portion at a position of 80 degrees, and the thickest portion 21a and the thinnest portion 21b forming a predetermined taper angle are respectively formed in the segment main body 11. Located on the line along the circumferential direction, the outer tube 13
It is sandwiched between both flanges 13a and 14a of the inner pipe 14.

As described above, the outer diameter of the inner pipe 14 is equal to that of the outer pipe 1.
Since it is smaller than the inner diameter of 3, a gap 23 is formed between the two, that is, between the inner peripheral surface of the outer tube 13 and the outer peripheral surface of the inner tube 14.
The O-ring 17 is crushed and elastically deformed so that the inner pipe 14 can be inclined with respect to the outer pipe 13. This tilted posture is determined and held by the taper angle of the taper washer 21. That is, depending on the taper angle of the taper washer 21,
The inclination state of the inner pipe 14 with respect to the outer pipe 13 is determined.

The inclination state of the inner pipe 14 with respect to the outer pipe 13 is determined in this manner, that is, the inner pipe 14 is
It means that the insertion direction of the freezing pipe 2 through which the freezing pipe 2 is inserted into the ground is determined. If the taper washers 21 having different taper angles are interposed between the flanges 13a and 14a, the insertion direction of the freezing pipe 2 into the ground is determined. Can be set arbitrarily.

The inner tube 14 is held in the inserted state with respect to the outer tube 13 by fixing the flange 14a to the flange 13a of the outer tube 13 by fixing means such as bolting, and thereby the taper washer 21 is held. Can be prevented from falling off. That is, the taper washer 21 is detachable by removing the inner pipe 14 from the outer pipe 13.

A cylindrical reinforcing member 24 is externally attached and fixed to the outer periphery of the base end portion 14B of the inner pipe 14.

The guide member 12 of the first embodiment is used when the loop-shaped freezing pipe 2 is passed through the ground, but is used for passing the straight freezing pipe 3 shown in FIG. 12 through the ground. Although not shown as a guide member, the outer tube 1 is used.
3, the inner tube 14 is formed straight along the freezing tube 3,
The taper washer 21 may not be interposed between the flanges 13a and 14a.

The guide member 1 is attached to the segment body 11 as described above.
The segment 10 provided with 2 is used as a segment constituting a tunnel wall of a tunnel constructed by the shield tunnel method, and for example, as a tunnel wall of a section where it is predicted that the tunnel will be widened in the future. A large number of segments are incorporated, and segments having guide members for the straight freezing tubes 3 similarly provided at both ends thereof are incorporated.

In the case of widening the tunnel in such a manner, first, an excavator (not shown) is installed at the tip of the freezing tube 2 on the insertion side, and from the tip, the inner tube 14 of the guide member 12 of the segment 10 is inserted. Insert the freezing tube 2 into the
After excavating the concrete 11A, which is a part of the segment main body 11 and is placed on the tip side of the guide material 12 to penetrate the segment main body 11, as shown in FIG. Promote 2 into the ground G. Then, the freezing pipe 2 passes through the periphery of the widened portion of a predetermined size corresponding to the insertion direction with respect to the guide member 12, its tip hits the outer peripheral surface of the other segment, and further digs and penetrates the segment, Return to the sky inside the tunnel.

Similarly, a straight freezing tube 3 is
The segment provided with the guide material for it is made to pass through using the guide material, and is inserted in the ground.

In this way, when a large number of freezing tubes 2, 3 are inserted into the ground G from each segment 10, the freezing tubes 2, 3 are
Refrigerant inflows and circulates into the ground to freeze the ground G around the freezing pipes 2 and 3 to make frozen ground, stabilize the ground G around the widened portion (that is, frozen ground) G, and then to the tunnel desired at the widened portion. The tunnels are widened by excavating and removing the segments (including the segment 10) that form the wall and the sand in the widened portions.

According to the segment 10 having the guide member 12, the insertion direction of the freezing pipe 2 with respect to the ground G is determined by the inclination angle of the inner pipe 14 with respect to the outer pipe 13, that is, the taper angle of the taper washer 21. Therefore, by setting the taper washer 21 to have a taper angle such that the insertion direction of the freezing pipe 2 with respect to the ground G is as set, the insertion direction can be set easily and with extremely high accuracy. . As a result, it is possible to obtain the widened portion having the size as set.

Further, taper washers 2 having different taper angles are used.
By inserting 1 between both flanges 13a and 14a, that is, by exchanging it, the insertion direction of the freezing pipe 2 with respect to the ground G according to the size of the widening portion of the ground G can be arbitrarily adjusted, and its state can be adjusted. Can hold

When the freezing pipe 2 is inserted into the ground G, the seal 18 prevents the soil and sand of the ground G from entering at least the inner pipe 14, so that the freezing pipe 2 It does not hinder the insertion.

Next, a second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.

The segment 30 of the second embodiment is replaced with the guide member 12 of the segment 10 of the first embodiment,
The guide member 31 is provided on the segment main body 11, and FIG. 5 shows a part of the segment 30.

As shown in FIG. 5, the guide member 31 is an inner surface (concave surface) of the segment main body 11 facing the inside of the tunnel.
An outer tube 32 fixed to the side and an inner tube 33 that is detachably attached inside the base end portion of the outer tube 32 and into which the loop-shaped freezing tube 2 is inserted are provided.

The outer tube 32 is curved along the freezing tube 2, its length is shorter than that of the segment body 11, and the base end side end face thereof is embedded in the segment body 11 so as to match the inner surface of the segment body 11. It is firmly fixed.

A nut member 34 is fixed to the proximal end portion of the inner peripheral surface of the outer tube 32, and a collar 35 is fixed to the distal end portion thereof.

On the inner circumference of the outer tube 32, as shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, a bearing cylinder 36 curved along the outer tube 32.
In addition, a ball bearing 38, on which a large number of balls 37 are rotatably mounted, is provided. The balls 37 are mounted on the bearing cylinder 36 so as not to fall off on the inner peripheral side of the bearing cylinder 36, a large number of balls 37 are arranged in the circumferential direction of the bearing cylinder 36, and are arranged in a plurality of rows in the axial direction. Then, both ends of the bearing cylinder 36 are fixed to the nut member 34 and the collar 35, respectively, so that the outer pipe 32
Is provided on the inner circumference of each ball 37 in that state.
Is in contact with the inner peripheral surface of the outer tube 32 and is rotatable.

Further, O-rings 39 are fixed on the inner peripheral surface of the bearing cylinder 36 of the ball bearing 38 between the rows of balls 37 arranged in the axial direction. The inner diameter of these O-rings 39 is set to be slightly smaller than the outer diameter of the freezing tube 2.

The inner pipe 33 is detachably attached to the outer pipe 32 by being screwed into the nut member 34, and a screw portion 33a screwed into the nut member 34 is provided on the outer peripheral surface of the tip end portion thereof. And a flange 33b is formed at the base end.

The inner diameter of the inner tube 33 is constant and slightly larger than the outer diameter of the freezing tube 2, but the axis L1 of the inner space thereof does not coincide with the axis L2 of the outer diameter and is inclined at a predetermined angle. There is. That is, as shown in FIG. 7, the wall thickness in the same cross section is not constant, and in FIG.
2 is the minimum thickness part. Then, the axis L1 of the inner pipe 33
Is set in the insertion direction of the freezing tube 2. That is, the inner space of the inner tube 33 extends along the set insertion direction of the freezing tube 2.

A flat ring-shaped seal 40 is provided at the tip of the outer tube 32. This seal 40
It is sandwiched between the collar 35 and the outer pipe 32 and fixed to both by means of welding or the like, and the inner peripheral portion extends to the inner peripheral side of the outer pipe 32. And the inner peripheral part of the freezing tube 2 to be inserted
Of the outer tube 32 and the outer peripheral surface of the freezing tube 2 are closed.

According to the guide member 31 in the segment 30 of the second embodiment, the freezing pipe 2 is inserted into the inner pipe 33 along with the outer pipe 32, and is further inserted. As shown in FIG.
It penetrates 0 and is inserted in the ground G. At that time, the outer peripheral surface of the freezing tube 2 is in sliding contact with the inner peripheral surface of the inner tube 33 and each O
The ring 39 is pressed to give elastic deformation.

Here, the freezing pipe 2 is the inner pipe 3 with respect to the ground.
3 is inserted in the inner axial direction. That is, the insertion direction of the freezing pipe 2 with respect to the ground G is determined by the direction of the axis L1 of the inner sky of the inner pipe 33. Therefore, the inner pipe 33
By setting the angle of the axis line L1 of the inner space to the angle at which the insertion direction of the freezing pipe 2 with respect to the ground G is as set, the setting of the insertion direction can be performed easily and with extremely high accuracy. Obtainable. As a result, it is possible to obtain the widened portion having the size as set.

Further, the inner pipe 3 having different angles of its axis L1
By mounting the nut 3 on the nut member 34, that is, by exchanging the nut member 34, the insertion direction of the freezing tube 2 according to the size of the widened portion of the ground G can be arbitrarily adjusted and the state can be maintained.

When the freezing pipe 2 is inserted into the ground G, the seal 40 prevents the soil of the ground G from entering the guide material 31, so that the freezing pipe 2
It does not hinder the insertion of.

Next, a third embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 9 and 10.

The segment 50 of the third embodiment is replaced with the guide member 31 of the segment 30 of the second embodiment,
The guide member 51 is provided on the segment main body 11, and FIG. 9 shows a part of the segment 50.

The segment 50 is the segment body 11
An outer tube 52 fixed to the inner surface (concave surface) side facing the inner space of the tunnel, and an inner tube 53 detachably mounted inside the outer tube 52 and into which the loop-shaped freezing tube 2 is inserted. Is equipped with.

The outer tube 52 has a cylindrical shape with a straight axis.
The length thereof is shorter than that of the segment body 11, and the screw 52 is left on the inner peripheral surface with the tip side (outer surface side of the segment body 11) left.
a is formed, and the end face on the proximal end side is the segment main body 11
It is embedded and fixed to the segment main body 11 in accordance with the inner surface of the. Further, at the tip of the inner peripheral surface of the outer tube 52,
The outer pipe 5 is in contact with the outer peripheral surface of the freezing pipe 2 inserted into the inner pipe 53.
A ring-shaped seal 55 that closes the gap 54 generated between the freezing pipe 2 and the freezing pipe 2 is fixed by means such as welding.

On the other hand, the inner tube 53 is formed on its outer peripheral surface with a screw 53a screwed into the screw 52a of the outer tube 52 except for the base end side, and a flange 53b is formed on the base end. The axis L3 of the inner space is curved along the freezing tube 2 so that the freezing tube 2 can be slidably inserted into the inner peripheral surface of the freezing tube 2.

A screw 53a formed on the outer peripheral surface of the inner pipe 53
The axial length of the screw 5 is formed on the inner peripheral surface of the outer tube 52.
2a, which is the same as that of 2a, and the inner tube 53 is detachably attached to the outer tube 52 by being screwed.

According to the guide member 51 in the segment 50 of the third embodiment, by inserting the freezing tube 2 into the inner tube 53 and further inserting the freezing tube 2, as shown in FIG. , And penetrates the segment 50 and is inserted into the ground G.

The freezing pipe 2 is inserted into the ground G in the direction of the axis L3 of the inner space of the inner pipe 53. That is, as in the second embodiment, the insertion direction of the freezing pipe 2 into the ground G is determined by the direction of the axis L3 of the inner sky of the inner pipe 53.
Therefore, by setting the inner pipe 53 such that the direction of the axis L3 of the inner space thereof has the direction in which the insertion direction of the freezing pipe 2 with respect to the ground is as set, the setting of the insertion direction can be performed easily and extremely. It can be done with high precision. As a result, it is possible to obtain the widened portion having the size as set.

When the freezing pipe 2 is inserted into the ground G, the seal 55 prevents the soil of the ground G from entering the guide member 51.
It does not hinder the insertion of.

[0060]

As described above, according to the segment of the present invention, the stabilizing pipe for penetrating the tunnel wall and inserting it into the ground to stabilize the ground around the tunnel widened portion constructed on the outer circumference of the tunnel. It is possible to easily insert into the tunnel wall with high accuracy in a direction according to the size of the tunnel widened portion, and to easily adjust and hold the insertion direction.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a partial cross-sectional view of a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the tip of the guide member according to the embodiment.

FIG. 3 is a plan view of a guide member of the example.

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing a usage state of the same embodiment.

FIG. 5 is a partial cross-sectional view of a second embodiment of the present invention.

6 is a view taken along the line QQ in FIG.

7 is a view taken along the line RR of FIG.

FIG. 8 is a sectional view of a second embodiment of the present invention in use.

FIG. 9 is a partial cross-sectional view of a third embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 10 is a sectional view of the same embodiment in a use state.

FIG. 11 is a front view for explaining a method of forming a widened portion in an existing tunnel.

FIG. 12 is a plan view of the same.

[Explanation of Codes] 1 tunnel 1A tunnel wall 2 freezing pipe (stabilizing pipe) 10, 30, 50 segment 11 segment body 12, 31, 51 guide material 13, 32, 52 outer pipe 14, 33, 53 inner pipe 18, 40 , 55 Seal 21 Taper washer 22, 41, 54 Gap G Ground G1 Tunnel widening part G2 Frozen land L1, L3 Inner pipe axis

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. In a segment which is joined to each other to construct an underground tunnel wall, when constructing a tunnel widening portion on the outer periphery of the tunnel wall, the ground stabilizing means such as a coolant is inserted into the ground around the tunnel widening portion. The guide material that guides the stabilizing tube into which the inflow is introduced in the desired direction and inserts it into the ground,
A segment that is provided on the segment body. 2. The inner pipe of the outer pipe, wherein the guide member includes an outer pipe fixed to the segment body, and an inner pipe mounted inside the outer pipe and into which the stabilizing pipe is slidably inserted. A gap is provided between the peripheral surface and the outer peripheral surface of the inner pipe, the inner pipe can be inclined with respect to the outer pipe, and the inclined state is maintained to determine the insertion direction of the stable pipe into the ground. The pipe stopper is detachably provided, and at least one of the outer pipe and the inner pipe is equipped with a seal that closes a gap generated between the outer pipe and the outer peripheral surface of the stabilizing pipe inserted into the inner pipe. The segment according to claim 1, wherein 3. The guide member comprises an outer tube fixed to the segment body, and an inner tube detachably mounted inside the outer tube and into which the stabilizing tube is slidably inserted. The inner space of the inner tube has an axis extending along the insertion direction of the stable tube, and a gap formed between at least one of the outer tube and the inner tube and the outer peripheral surface of the stable tube inserted into the inner tube. The segment according to claim 1, wherein a seal for closing the segment is attached.