JPH0769244A - Assembling method of car body front part and assembling jig used for this assembling method - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To mount plural sub-assemblies on a car body by a single mounting robot in the plural sub-assemblies to be installed in the car body front part. CONSTITUTION:In a process 1, an exterior trim part such as a bumper 19 is set in the exterior trim part sub-assembly installing part 85 of an assembling jig 63, and a cooling part sub-assembly 3 composed of a cooling part such as a radiator is set in the cooling part sub-assembly installing part 89 of the assembling jig 63. In a process 2, in a condition where the cooling part sub-assembly installing part 89 is superposed on the exterior trim part sub-assembly installing part 85, mutual exterior trim parts are automatically fastened together, and in a process 3, after the cooling part sub-assembly 3 is mounted jig on a car main body 1 by a mounting robot 71, the assembling jig 63 is reversed by 180 degrees, and an exterior trim part sub-assembly 5 is mounted on the car body itself 1.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method for assembling a plurality of subassemblies on a front portion of a vehicle body and an assembling jig used for the assembling method.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In the front of a vehicle body of a vehicle, a cooling component sub-assembly including cooling components such as a radiator and an exterior component sub-assembly including exterior components such as bumpers and headlamps are provided. Fig. 7 shows the assembly line process for sequentially assembling the components in Fig. 7 (the automobile assembly process is described in Automotive Engineering Complete Volume 19 "Manufacturing Method of Vehicles" issued April 20, 1980). Here, the vehicle body 1 is conveyed on the main line in the direction of arrow A in the figure, and a cooling component assembling process and an exterior component assembling process are present in the middle thereof.

FIG. 8 is an exploded perspective view of the front structure of the vehicle body. The cooling component subassembly 3 and the exterior component subassembly 5 assembled in the cooling component assembling process and the exterior component assembling process, respectively, are used as a front unit. It is mounted on the vehicle body 1. As shown in FIG. 9, the cooling component sub-assembly 3 includes a radiator 7, an air conditioner condenser 9 attached to the radiator 7 on the front side of the vehicle body, and a fan support 11 attached to the rear side of the vehicle body. ing. The fan support 11 includes two fans 13 and a reservoir tank 1.
5 are attached respectively. On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 10, the exterior component sub-assembly 5 includes the radiator core support 1
7, a bumper 19, a head lamp 21, a radiator grill 23, a hood lock 25, and a horn 27 are attached to the vehicle 7.

FIG. 11 shows a state in which the cooling component subassembly 3 and the exterior component subassembly 5 are mounted on the vehicle body 1, and FIG. 12 is a side sectional view showing the front structure thereof.

In the cooling component assembling process shown in FIG. 7, the workers 29 and 31 use the assembling jig 35 on the work table 33 to move the radiator 7, the condenser 9 and the fan support 11 shown in FIG. The cooling component subassembly 3 is assembled by fastening with bolts and nuts. next,
The cooling component subassembly 3 is carried on the pedestal 37, mounted at a predetermined position on the front of the vehicle body by the mounting robot 39, and automatically fastened by using bolts and nuts.

In the exterior part assembly process after the cooling part subassembly 3 is attached to the front part of the vehicle body, the workers 41, 4
3 using the assembly jig 47 on the work table 45,
Radiator core support 17 and bumper 1 shown in FIG.
The exterior parts subassembly 5 is assembled by fastening the exterior parts such as 9 and the headlamp 21 together with bolts and nuts. The assembled exterior component sub-assembly 5 is carried on the cradle 49, mounted on the front part of the vehicle body by the mounting robot 51, and automatically fastened using bolts and nuts.

Both the cooling component subassembly 3 and the exterior component subassembly 5 cannot be manually mounted on the vehicle body 1 due to their weight, and therefore both of them cannot be mounted on the vehicle body 1.
Two on-board robots 39 and 51 for mounting on the vehicle are required.

[0008]

However, in such a conventional vehicle body front assembly process, the mounting robot for mounting the sub-assembly on the vehicle body is equipped with the cooling component sub-assembly 3 and the exterior component sub-assembly. Two units, one for the assembly 5, are required, which leads to an increase in the amount of capital investment and a problem of an increase in manufacturing cost.

Therefore, the present invention eliminates the need for a mounting robot for each sub-assembly unit and reduces the number of sub-assemblies by one.
The purpose is to reduce the amount of capital investment by using one on-board robot.

[0010]

In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the present invention firstly provides a first mounting portion provided on an assembly jig on which a front unit of a front portion of a vehicle body is set. A second sub-assembly that sets the first sub-assembly in the front unit and can move the first sub-assembly and the first mounting portion provided on the assembly jig into a state in which they are separated from each other and a state in which they are overlapped with each other via a movable portion. A second sub-assembly mounted on the front portion of the vehicle body after the first sub-assembly is set in the mounting portion, and
The second mounting parts are brought close to the front part of the vehicle body in a state of being overlapped with each other, and in this state, the first sub-assembly is mounted on the front part of the vehicle body, and then the assembly jig is reversed to form the second sub-assembly. This is an assembling method of mounting the solid body on the front part of the vehicle body.

Secondly, the assembly jig is mounted on the front part of the vehicle body after the first mounting part on which the first sub-assembly mounted on the front part of the vehicle body is set, and on the front part of the vehicle body after the first sub-assembly. And a second mounting portion on which the second sub-assembly is set. The first and second mounting portions are relatively separated from each other and overlapped with each other via the movable portion. It is configured to be movable.

Thirdly, the parts constituting the sub-assembly set in one of the first mounting portion and the second mounting portion and set in the other are mounted between the first and second mounting portions. The structure is provided with a temporary holding function of temporarily holding the two in a state of being superposed on each other.

[0013]

According to the first method or the second structure, the first subassembly and the second subassembly are set in one assembly jig, and the assembly jig is brought close to the front part of the vehicle body. After mounting the first sub-assembly on the front part of the vehicle body, the assembly jig can be inverted to mount the second sub-assembly on the front part of the vehicle body, so that a plurality of sub-assembly bodies can be mounted on the front part of the vehicle body. Only one onboard robot is required.

According to the third structure, the first mounting portion and the second mounting portion
The first mounting portion and the second mounting portion are overlapped with each other.
The temporary holding function provided on either side of the mounting part allows temporary holding of the components that make up the sub-assembly to be set on the other side, eliminating the need for temporary holding work such as clamping in the next fastening step. .

[0015]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 shows an assembly process line for a vehicle body front structure in an automobile showing an embodiment of the present invention.
In addition, here, the constituent elements of each part of the automobile are shown in FIG.
10 to FIG. 10 are similar to those shown in FIG. 10 and will be described with reference to these figures. On the main line 53, the vehicle body 1 is transported in the direction of arrow A, and a process for assembling the front portion of the vehicle exists during the transportation.

The process of assembling the front part of the vehicle body is performed by the operator 55,
Assembling jig 63 on work table 61 by 57 and 59
Step 1 of setting the cooling component sub-assembly 3 as the first sub-assembly and the exterior parts such as the bumper 19 configuring the exterior part sub-assembly 5 as the second sub-assembly in step 1 ( (See FIG. 3), step 2 (see FIG. 4) in which the set exterior components are fastened together by the robots 65, 67, 69 using bolts and nuts, and the cooling component subassembly 3 set in the assembly jig 63. And step 3 of mounting the exterior component sub-assembly 5 on the vehicle body 1 by the mounting robot 71 and fastening the respective sub-assemblies 3 and 5 to the vehicle body 1 by the robots 73 and 75 using bolts and nuts ( 5 and FIG. 6).

The work table 61 moves along the circular guide groove 79 of the floor F while being supported by the columns 77. As shown in FIG.
The motor 80 is attached as shown in FIG. 2, and the motor 80 is equipped with a pair of rollers 81 rolling in the side groove 79a. The assembly jig 63 on the work table 61 is
As shown in FIG. 2, it has two support rods 82 and 83 which can be attached to and detached from the work table 61.
The exterior component sub-assembly attachment portion 85, which serves as a second attachment portion, is formed on the second and second components 83, and is rotatable with respect to the exterior component sub-assembly attachment portion 85 via a hinge portion 87 that is a movable portion. A cooling component subassembly mounting portion 89 which is a mounting portion of the cooling component subassembly is provided.

The exterior component sub-assembly mounting portion 85 extends upward from a bumper receiving portion 85a on which the bumper 19 is placed and a position corresponding to the support rods 82 and 83 of the bumper receiving portion 85a, and extends upwards to provide the radiator core support 17. It has two radiator core support support parts 85b for supporting.
The two radiator core support supporting portions 85b are provided with a supporting portion 85c whose upper end is bent horizontally and which supports the upper portion of the radiator core support 17.

Two supporting rods 91 and 93 are horizontally extended and formed on a radiator core support supporting portion 85b on the right side in FIG. 2, and a hinge portion 87 is formed at a tip of each of the supporting rods 91 and 93. Axial holes 91a and 93a are formed, respectively.

On the other hand, the cooling component subassembly mounting portion 89 is
A rotary shaft portion 89a that is inserted into the shaft holes 91a and 93a and is rotatable, and a rotary portion 89b that extends horizontally from the upper end of the rotary shaft portion 89a are provided. By rotating the rotating portion 89b around the rotating shaft portion 89a in the direction of the arrow B from the state of FIG. 2, the exterior component sub-assembly mounting portion 85 and the cooling component sub-assembly mounting portion 89 are separated from each other. It will move to the superimposed state.

On the upper side of the support rod 91 of the rotary shaft portion 89a, one projection 7a of the side portion of the radiator 7 is placed so as to project in the opposite side to the exterior component subassembly mounting portion 85 in the above-mentioned superposed state. A radiator support arm 89c is formed. A radiator support arm 89d which is paired with the support arm 89c and which projects in the same direction as the radiator support arm 89c and on which the other projection 7b on the side of the radiator 7 is placed is formed at the tip end side of the rotating portion 89b. There is. Further, an upper support arm 89e that projects in the same direction as the radiator support arms 89c and 89d and supports the upper portion of the radiator 7 is provided at a substantially central portion of the rotating portion 89b.

The rotating portion 89b and the radiator support arm 8
Between 9c and 89d, the tip of the head lamp 21 set on the radiator core support 17 on the side of the exterior component sub-assembly mounting portion 85 in the above-mentioned superposed state abuts the tip to temporarily hold the head lamp 21. Headlamp temporary holding arms 89f and 89g forming a holding function are formed to project. Further, the tip of the horn 27, which protrudes in the same direction as the headlamp temporary holding arms 89f and 89g and is set on the radiator core support 17 on the side of the exterior component subassembly mounting portion 85, contacts the substantially central lower portion of the rotating portion 89b. A horn temporary holding arm 89h which is in contact with the horn 27 and forms a temporary holding function for temporarily holding the horn 27 is formed.

In the state of FIG. 2, the cooling component sub-assembly mounting portion 89 is in a state of being separated from the exterior component sub-assembly mounting portion 85, and at this time, the column 95 for supporting the cooling component sub-assembly mounting portion 89. Is erected on the work table 61, and the grip portion 95a at the upper end of the column 95 grips the radiator support arm 89d. On the other hand, on the radiator core support support portion 85b on the left side in FIG.
9b and grip portions 85d and 85e for gripping the radiator support arm 89d are formed, respectively.

Robot 65 in step 2 shown in FIG.
Is to fasten the upper surface 19a of the bumper 19 to the bumper retainer 17a of the radiator core support 17, and the pivot arm 99 is rotatably attached to the upper end of a pillar 97 standing from the floor F. A fastening tool 101 protruding downward is attached to the tip of the rotary arm 99 so as to be movable in the longitudinal direction and movable in the vertical direction. The robot 69 attaches the lower surface of the bumper 19 to the radiator core support 1
It is fastened to the lower bumper retainer 17b at the bottom of 7.
The fastening tool 105 protruding upward with respect to the guide portion 103 installed on the floor F moves in the longitudinal direction and the vertical direction of the guide portion 103. In addition, the robot 67 uses the headlamp 2
1 and the horn 27 are fastened, and a guide portion 111 is provided at the upper ends of two columns 107 and 109 installed on the floor F, and the guide portion 111 is movable in the longitudinal direction and is movable in the front-back direction. A fastening tool 113 is possibly attached.

In the mounting robot 71 in the step 3 shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, the support 115 on the pedestal 114 can move up and down and can rotate, and the guide rail 117 on the support 115 can move in the left-right direction in FIG. It is possible to slide to. The guide rail 117 slides and moves to the assembly jig 63 on the work table 61 so that the support rod 82,
To insert the cooling jig subassembly 3 and the exterior parts subassembly 5 mounted on the assembly jig 63 into the grooves 82a, 83a of the 83 and conveying the assembly jig 63 in the sliding direction to the vehicle body 1. Is possible.

The robot 73 in step 3 is for fastening the cooling component sub-assembly 3 and the exterior component sub-assembly 5 to the upper body side of the vehicle body 1, and is mounted on the upper end of the column 118 standing from the floor F. The moving arm 119 is rotatably mounted, and the turning arm 119 is provided with a fastening tool 121 that is movable in the longitudinal direction and in the vertical direction. The robot 75 fastens the lower part of the exterior component subassembly 5 to the vehicle body 1.

Next, an assembling process of the vehicle body front structure using the above assembling jig 63 will be described. First, the step 1 shown in FIG. 3, that is, the step of setting the cooling component subassembly 3 in the assembly jig 63 and the exterior components such as the bumper 19 that configures the exterior component subassembly 5 will be described. At this time, the cooling component subassembly mounting portion 89 is
As shown in FIG. 3, it is in a state of being separated from the exterior component subassembly attachment portion 85.

The operator 55 sets the bumper 19 on the bumper receiving portion 85a of the exterior component subassembly mounting portion 85,
Attach the radiator core support 17 to the lower bumper retainer 1
7b contacts the lower inner surface of the bumper 19, the upper surface of the bumper retainer 17a contacts the inner surface of the upper surface 19a of the bumper 19, and the radiator core upper 17c at the upper end.
Are set so that they are supported by the support portion 85c. The hood lock 25 is bolted to the radiator core support 17 in advance before this setting work. The worker 57 attaches the cooling component sub-assembly 3 assembled by fastening the radiator 7, the condenser 9 and the fan support 11 to each other with the fan support 11 facing the worker 57. Set in section 89. At this time, in the radiator 7, the protrusions 7a and 7b on both sides are placed on the radiator support arms 89c and 89d, and the upper end is supported by the upper support arm 89e.

Further, the worker 59 attaches the left and right headlamps 21 to the radiator core support 17 in the set state.
And the horn 27 are set, and in this state, the cooling component subassembly attachment portion 89 is rotated about the hinge portion 87, and the rotation portion 89b and the radiator support arm 89d are held by the grip portion 85.
d and 85e are respectively gripped and overlapped with the exterior component sub-assembly attachment portion 85. At this time, the headlamp temporary holding arms 89f and 89g contact the left and right headlamps 21, and at the same time, the horn temporary holding arm 89h moves.
By contacting the head lamp 21 and the horn 27,
Will be temporarily held.

When the work in the step 1 is completed, the work table 61 is driven by the motor 80 and the step 2 shown in FIG.
Move to the position. Here, the robot 65 bolts the upper surface 19a of the bumper 19 to the bumper retainer 17a of the radiator core support 17, and the robot 69 bolts the lower surface of the bumper 19 to the lower bumper retainer 17b of the radiator core support 17. further,
The headlamp 21 and the horn 27 are fastened by the robot 67.

When the work in the step 2 is completed, the work table 61 is driven by the motor 80 so that the step 3 shown in FIG.
Position, that is, a position near the mounting robot 71 in front of the vehicle body 1 on the main line 53. At this time, the cooling component subassembly 3 set on the assembly jig 63
The side faces the mounting robot 71. Here, the mounting robot 71 slides the two guide rails 117 toward the work table 61 to make them taller, and the grooves 82 of the two support rods 82, 83 of the assembly jig 63.
a, 83a. In this state, the pillar 115 is raised, and then the guide rail 117 is pulled in and further moved to the vehicle body 1 side.
Also, the assembly jig 63 with the exterior component subassembly 5 attached thereto is positioned in front of the vehicle body 1.

Next, the guide rail 117 is moved to the vehicle body 1 side while vertically moving the column 115 to position the cooling component subassembly 3 with respect to the vehicle body 1. At this time, the projection 7c at the lower end of the cooling component subassembly 3
Is inserted into a predetermined position on the upper surface of the front cross member 123 on the vehicle body 1 side, and the notch of the attachment portion 7d at the upper end of the cooling component subassembly 3 is fitted into the bolt of the attachment portion 1a of the vehicle body 1. In this state, the nuts are fastened to the bolts of the mounting portion 1a by the robot 73, whereby the cooling component subassembly 3
Will be fixed to the vehicle body 1.

When the cooling component subassembly 3 is fixed to the vehicle body 1, the guide rail 117 of the mounting robot 71 is slid to the mount 114 to move the assembly jig 63 to the mount 1.
14, the support 115 is rotated 180 degrees in this state to stop the exterior component subassembly 5 on the assembly jig 63 at a position facing the vehicle body 1. And the pillar 1
While moving 15 up and down, the guide rail 117 is attached to the vehicle body 1
By moving it to the side, the exterior component subassembly 5 is positioned with respect to the vehicle body 1. At this time, the attachment portions 17d at the left and right ends of the radiator core support 17 are attached to the attachment surfaces 125 of the front fender 125 of the vehicle body 1.
It is placed on a. In this state, the robot 7
3, the mounting portion 17d and the mounting surface 125a are bolted together, and the robot 75 mounts three mounting holes 17e in the lower bumper retainer 17a of the radiator core support 17 and the front cross member 123 of the vehicle body 1 together.
The bolts are tightened using the bolt holes 123a. Finally, the attachment parts 19b at the left and right ends of the bumper 19 are bolted to the lower surface attachment parts 125b of the front fender 125 by the robot 75, whereby the attachment of the exterior component subassembly 5 to the vehicle body 1 is completed.

As described above, since the two sub-assemblies of the cooling component sub-assembly 3 and the exterior component sub-assembly 5 can be mounted on the vehicle body 1, one mounting robot 71 can be used. This eliminates the need for an on-board robot, prevents an increase in capital investment, and reduces manufacturing costs.

When the mounting of the exterior parts subassembly 5 to the vehicle body 1 is completed, the mounting robot 71 moves the guide rail 1
After pulling in 17, extend to the work table 61,
The assembly jig 63 is returned to the work table 61, and the guide rail 117 is drawn onto the pedestal 114. Then, the work table 61 is returned to the position of step 1 by driving the motor 80,
Prepare for the next assembly of the front structure to the vehicle body 1. The vehicle body 1 that has been assembled is conveyed on the main line 53 and moves to the next work process.

[0037]

As described above, according to the first or second aspect of the invention, the first subassembly is attached to the first attachment portion of the assembly jig, and the second attachment portion is attached to the second attachment portion. Two sub-assemblies are set, the first sub-assembly is mounted on the vehicle body, the assembly jig is inverted, and then the second sub-assembly is mounted on the vehicle body. As a result, a plurality of subassemblies can be mounted on the vehicle body, an increase in capital investment can be prevented, and the manufacturing cost can be reduced.

According to the third invention, the first mounting portion and the second
The first mounting portion and the second mounting portion are overlapped with each other.
The temporary holding function provided on either side of the mounting part allows temporary holding of the parts that make up the subassembly that is set on the other side, eliminating the need for temporary holding work such as clamping in the next fastening process. , Work efficiency can be improved.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a plan view of a schematic overall configuration of an assembling process of a vehicle body front structure showing an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a perspective view of an assembly jig used in the assembly process of FIG.

FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing a work state of step 1 in the assembly step of FIG.

4A is a perspective view showing a working state of a process 2 in the assembly process of FIG. 1, and FIG. 4B is a sectional view of the same.

5 is a perspective view showing a working state of step 3 in the assembly step of FIG. 1. FIG.

6 is a cross-sectional view showing a working state of step 3 in the assembly step of FIG.

FIG. 7 is a plan view of a schematic overall configuration of an assembling process of a vehicle body front structure showing a conventional example.

FIG. 8 is an exploded perspective view of a vehicle body front structure.

9 is an exploded perspective view of the cooling component subassembly in FIG.

FIG. 10 is an exploded perspective view of the exterior component subassembly in FIG.

11 is an external perspective view of the vehicle body front structure of FIG. 8. FIG.

FIG. 12 is a side sectional view of FIG. 11.

[Explanation of symbols]

3 Cooling parts sub-assembly (first sub-assembly) 5 Exterior parts sub-assembly (second sub-assembly) 63 Assembly jig 85 Exterior parts sub-assembly attachment part (second attachment part) 87 Hinge part (Movable part) 89 Cooling parts subassembly mounting part (first mounting part) 89f, 89g Headlamp temporary holding arm (temporary holding function) 89h Horn temporary holding arm (temporary holding function)

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A first subassembly of the front unit is set on a first mounting portion provided on an assembly jig on which a front unit of a vehicle body front portion is set, and the first subassembly is provided on the assembly jig. The first mounting portion is mounted on the second mounting portion movable to the state where they are separated from each other via the movable portion and in the superposed state, and is mounted on the front portion of the vehicle body after the first subassembly. The second subassembly is set, and the first and second mounting parts are brought close to the front part of the vehicle body in a state of being superposed on each other,
In this state, after mounting the first subassembly on the front part of the vehicle,
A method for assembling a front portion of a vehicle body, comprising reversing an assembling jig to mount the second subassembly on the front portion of the vehicle body. 2. A first mounting portion on which a first subassembly mounted on the front part of the vehicle body is set, and a second subset mounted on the front part of the vehicle body after the first subassembly. A second mounting portion on which a solid body is set, and the first and second mounting portions are movable relative to each other via a movable portion in a separated state and a stacked state. Assembling jig. 3. A component constituting a sub-assembly set in one of the first mounting portion and the second mounting portion, the component constituting the sub-assembly being set in the other, and the first and second mounting portions are overlaid on each other. The assembly jig according to claim 2, further comprising a temporary holding function for temporarily holding the combined state.