JPH0753715A - Polyamide, its production, polyamide resin composition, and application - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To obtain a polyamide which has a low melting point, a low water absorption and a high Tg, is excellent in moldability and gives a molded article scarcely undergoing after-crystallization due to annealing by the polycondesation of a specified dicarboxylic acid component and a specified diamine component. CONSTITUTION:A polyamide whose dicarboxylic acid constituent units are composed of 45-100mol% terephthalic acid, 0-55mol% aromatic dicarboxylic acid other than terephthalic acid and/or 0-55mol% 4-20 aliphatic dicarboxylic acid and whose diamine constituent units are composed of 55-95mol% 4-18C liner alkylenediamine and 5-45mol% 4-18C alkylenediamine containing a side- chain alkyl is produced by the polycondensation of a dicarboxylic acid component and a diamine component containing a 4-18C alkylenediamine having side- chain alkyl, or by the transamidation between a side-chain-containing polyamide obtained by the polycondensation of a dicarboxylic acid component and a diamine component containing a 4-18C alkylenediamine having side-chain alkyl and other polyamide.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a novel polyamide, a method for producing the polyamide, a resin composition containing the polyamide, and a resin molded product formed from the polyamide or the resin composition. More specifically, the present invention has a low melting point and excellent moldability, a low water absorption rate, a high glass transition point, and a polyamide having little post-crystallization due to annealing of a molded article, and a method for producing the same.
The present invention relates to this resin composition and a molded product formed from these polyamides or polyamide compositions.

[0002]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION Polyamide has characteristics such as excellent heat resistance, oil resistance, moldability, rigidity and toughness, so that it is used in electric tools, general industrial parts, mechanical parts, electronic parts, automobile interiors and exteriors. It is widely used as various functional parts such as parts, engine room parts, and automobile electrical parts. Although there are many types of polyamide resins, aliphatic polyamides are often used in the above applications because of their good moldability.

However, since the aliphatic polyamide has a high water absorption rate, a molded article formed of such an aliphatic polyamide has a problem that its dimensions and physical properties are greatly changed by absorbing water.

By the way, as polyamides, aromatic polyamides are known in addition to the above aliphatic polyamides. This aromatic polyamide is a polyamide obtained by polycondensing an aromatic dicarboxylic acid and a diamine using an aromatic dicarboxylic acid as a dicarboxylic acid component.

Since the aromatic polyamide has a low water absorption rate unlike the aliphatic polyamide, the use of the aromatic polyamide reduces the dimensional accuracy caused by the water absorption of the molded article as described above, and Problems such as changes in physical properties are solved. In addition, since this aromatic polyamide generally has a higher glass transition point than the aliphatic polyamide, it has an advantage of excellent heat resistance of the molded body.

On the other hand, however, since the aromatic polyamide has a higher melting point than the aliphatic polyamide, it is inevitable that the melt molding temperature is set high when the molded body is manufactured. Therefore, there is a problem that gas burning is likely to occur during injection molding.

[0007] The melting temperature and the water absorption rate of polyamide have opposite sides when viewed from the structure of polyamide,
Therefore, while lowering the melt molding temperature of polyamide,
In addition, it is extremely difficult in terms of molecular design of polyamide to reduce the water absorption.

[0008]

An object of the present invention is to provide a novel polyamide having a low melting point, an excellent moldability and a low water absorption. More specifically, the present invention has a low melting point, excellent moldability, a low water absorption rate, a high glass transition point, and
It is an object of the present invention to provide a polyamide which is less likely to be crystallized by annealing a molded product. Further, the present invention also aims to provide a method for efficiently producing a polyamide having such properties. Further, the present invention is a polyamide resin composition having a low melting point, excellent moldability, and a low water absorption rate. The purpose is to provide things.

A further object of the present invention is to provide a molded article made of the above polyamide or polyamide resin composition, which is less likely to be deformed by post crystallization when annealed.

[0010]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The method for producing a polyamide of the present invention is a polyamide formed from a repeating unit comprising a dicarboxylic acid component unit and a diamine component unit, wherein the dicarboxylic acid component unit is a terephthalic acid component unit 45. ~
100 mol% and 0 to 55 mol% of aromatic dicarboxylic acid component units other than terephthalic acid and / or 4 carbon atoms
To 20 mol% of aliphatic dicarboxylic acid component units, and the diamine component units have 4 to 18 carbon atoms.
Of linear alkylenediamine component units of 5 to 95 mol% and alkylenediamine component units of 4 to 18 carbon atoms having a side chain alkyl group of 5 to 45 mol%.

The above polyamide is obtained by polycondensing a dicarboxylic acid component and a diamine component containing an alkylenediamine component having 4 to 18 carbon atoms having a side chain alkyl group, or by dicondensing the dicarboxylic acid component and a carbon having a side chain alkyl group. A side chain-containing polyamide precursor obtained by previously polycondensing a diamine component containing an alkylenediamine component having 4 to 18 atoms and another polyamide precursor are polycondensed, or a dicarboxylic acid component and a side chain alkyl group. A side chain-containing polyamide obtained by previously polycondensing a diamine component containing an alkylenediamine component having 4 to 18 carbon atoms having a amide exchange reaction with another polyamide,
The dicarboxylic acid component unit is a terephthalic acid component unit 45 to
100 mol% and 0 to 55 mol% of aromatic dicarboxylic acid component units other than terephthalic acid and / or 4 carbon atoms
To 20 mol% of aliphatic dicarboxylic acid component units, and 0 to 55 mol% of diamine component units, the diamine component units having 55 to 95 mol% of linear alkylenediamine component units of 4 to 18 carbon atoms and carbon atoms having a side chain alkyl group. It is characterized by producing a polyamide comprising 5 to 45 mol% of the alkylenediamine component unit of the number 4 to 18.

Further, the polyamide resin composition of the present invention is a composition comprising at least two polyamides having different constitutions, in which the amount of terephthalic acid component units is 45 to 100 mol%, terephthalic acid. The amount of the aromatic dicarboxylic acid component unit other than the acid is 0 to 55 mol% and the amount of the aliphatic dicarboxylic acid component unit having 4 to 20 carbon atoms is 0 to 55 mol%, and the number of carbon atoms in the composition is The amount of the linear alkylenediamine component unit having 4 to 18 is 55 to 95 mol% and the amount of the alkylenediamine component unit having 4 to 18 carbon atoms having a side chain alkyl group is 5 to 45 mol%. There is.

Furthermore, the resin molding of the present invention is characterized by comprising the above polyamide or polyamide resin composition. Since the polyamide of the present invention has a diamine component unit having a side chain, it has a lower melting point than an aromatic polyamide having no side chain.

[0014]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Next, the polyamide of the present invention will be specifically described. The polyamide of the present invention is composed of a repeating unit composed of a specific dicarboxylic acid component unit [a] and a specific aliphatic diamine component unit or alicyclic diamine component unit [b].

When the total dicarboxylic acid component unit present in the polyamide of the present invention is 100 mol%, the polyamide of the present invention has a terephthalic acid component unit (a-1) of 45 to 100.
It is contained in an amount of mol%, preferably 55 to 100 mol%, more preferably 70 to 100 mol%. Further, this polyamide contains 0 to 55 mol% of the aromatic dicarboxylic acid component unit (a-2) other than terephthalic acid, preferably 0 to 4
It is contained in an amount of 0 mol%, more preferably 0 to 30 mol%. Further, this polyamide contains the aliphatic dicarboxylic acid component unit (a-3) in an amount of 0 to 55 mol%. Since the polyamide of the present invention has a small amount of the aliphatic dicarboxylic acid component unit (a-3), it is specifically 0 to 4
By containing 5 mol%, more preferably 0 to 30 mol%, the moldability is improved. When the content of the aliphatic dicarboxylic acid component unit exceeds 55 mol%,
Inevitably, the content of the terephthalic acid component unit falls below 45 mol%, and such a polyamide tends to have a high water absorption. Therefore, the molded body formed from such a polyamide has a large dimensional change due to water absorption.

The diamine component unit which forms a repeating unit together with the above dicarboxylic acid component unit has 4 to 4 carbon atoms.
It is a linear aliphatic alkylenediamine component unit of 18 and an alkylenediamine component unit of 4 to 18 carbon atoms having a side chain alkyl group.

When the total amount of the diamine component units present in the polyamide of the present invention is 100 mol%, the polyamide of the present invention contains the linear aliphatic alkylenediamine component unit (b-1) having 4 to 18 carbon atoms. 55-95 mol%, preferably 60-90 mol%, more preferably 70-80 mol%
It is contained in the amount of. Also, an alkylenediamine component unit (b-2) having a side chain alkyl group and having 4 to 18 carbon atoms
Is contained in an amount of 5 to 45 mol%, preferably 10 to 40 mol%, and more preferably 20 to 30 mol%.
Thus, by containing two kinds of specific alkylenediamine component units in the above amounts, the melting point of the polyamide of the present invention does not cause gas burning in the molded body (or molten polyamide) during injection molding. To a degree.

That is, when the content of the linear alkylenediamine component unit (b-1) having 4 to 18 carbon atoms exceeds 95 mol%, the melting point of the polyamide becomes high and gas burning during injection molding easily occurs. Become. Further, an alkylenediamine component unit having a side chain alkyl group and having 4 to 18 carbon atoms
If the content of (b-2) exceeds 45 mol%, the crystallization rate of the polyamide becomes slow. Thus, the content of the linear alkylenediamine component unit (b-1) having 4 to 18 carbon atoms is 95
The alkylenediamine component unit (b-2) having 4 to 18 carbon atoms and having a side chain alkyl group is 5 to 5 mol% or less.
When the content is within the range of 45 mol%, the polyamide of the present invention usually has a melting point of 310 ° C. or lower, so that gas burning of the injection-molded product is less likely to occur, and the result of post-crystallization due to annealing or the like. It is possible to manufacture a molded product with less deformation.

The polyamide repeating unit composed of the dicarboxylic acid component unit and the diamine component unit as described above is represented by the following formula. As described above, the repeating unit forming the polyamide of the present invention has the terephthalic acid component unit (a-1) as the dicarboxylic acid component unit [a] which is an essential component unit. The repeating unit having such a terephthalic acid component unit (a-1) can be represented by the following formula [Ia].

[0020]

[Chemical 1]

[Ia] However, in the above formula [Ia], R ¹ is an alkylene group having 4 to 18 carbon atoms which may have a side chain.

The dicarboxylic acid component unit [a] does not need to be all the component units represented by the above [Ia], and a part of the terephthalic acid component unit (a-1) as described above may be used. It may be another dicarboxylic acid component unit.

The carboxylic acid component unit other than the terephthalic acid component includes an aromatic dicarboxylic acid component unit (a-2) other than terephthalic acid and an aliphatic dicarboxylic acid component unit (a-3).

Examples of the aromatic dicarboxylic acid component unit (a-2) other than terephthalic acid include isophthalic acid component unit and 2-
Mention may be made of methylterephthalic acid component units and naphthalene dicarboxylic acid component units. As the component unit derived from an aromatic dicarboxylic acid other than terephthalic acid, an isophthalic acid component unit is particularly preferable.

Among such aromatic dicarboxylic acid component units (a-2) other than terephthalic acid, a repeating unit having an isophthalic acid component unit particularly preferred in the present invention is represented by the following formula [Ib]. it can.

[0026]

[Chemical 2]

[Ib] However, in the above formula [Ib], R ¹ is an alkylene group having 4 to 18 carbon atoms which may have a side chain.

The aliphatic dicarboxylic acid component unit (a-3) is derived from an aliphatic dicarboxylic acid having an alkylene group having 4 to 20 carbon atoms, preferably 6 to 12 carbon atoms. Examples of the aliphatic dicarboxylic acid used for deriving such an aliphatic dicarboxylic acid component unit (a-3) include succinic acid, adipic acid, azelaic acid and sebacic acid. As the aliphatic dicarboxylic acid component unit, an adipic acid component unit and a sebacic acid component unit are particularly preferable.

A repeating unit having an aliphatic dicarboxylic acid component unit (a-3) as another dicarboxylic acid component unit constituting the dicarboxylic acid component unit [a] can be represented by the following formula [II].

[0030]

[Chemical 3]

[II] In the above formula [II], R ¹ is an alkylene group having 4 to 18 carbon atoms which may have a side chain, and n
Represents an integer of usually 2 to 18, preferably 4 to 10.

The diamine component unit [b] forming the polyamide of the present invention is a linear alkylenediamine component unit (b-1) having 4 to 18 carbon atoms and a C 4 to 18 carbon atom having a side chain alkyl group. Alkylenediamine component unit (b-
2).

Specific examples of such a linear alkylenediamine component unit (b-1) include 1,4-diaminobutane,
To mention 1,6-diaminohexane, 1,7-diaminoheptane, 1,8-diaminooctane, 1,9-diaminononane, 1,10-diaminodecane, 1,11-diaminoundecane and 1,12-diaminododecane. You can Among these, 1,
Component units derived from 6-diaminohexane, 1,8-diaminooctane, 1,10-diaminodecane and 1,12-diaminododecane are preferred, and the polyamide of the present invention contains a plurality of these component units. May be. Furthermore, among these, a component unit derived from 1,6-diaminohexane is particularly preferable.

Further, specific examples of the alkylenediamine component unit (b-2) having a side chain alkyl group and having 4 to 18 carbon atoms include 1-butyl-1,2-diamino-ethane and 1,1. -Dimethyl-1,4-diamino-butane, 1-ethyl-1,4-diamino-
Butane, 1,2-dimethyl-1,4-diamino-butane, 1,3-dimethyl-1,4-diamino-butane, 1,4-dimethyl-1,4-diamino-butane, 2,3-dimethyl- 1,4-diamino-butane, 2-methyl-1,5-diaminopentane, 2,5-dimethyl-1,6-diamino-hexane, 2,4-dimethyl-1,6-diamino-hexane,
3,3-dimethyl-1,6-diamino-hexane, 2,2-dimethyl-
1,6-diamino-hexane, 2,2,4-trimethyl-1,6-diamino-hexane, 2,4,4-trimethyl-1,6-diamino-hexane, 2,4-diethyl-1,6- Diamino-hexane, 2,3-dimethyl-1,7-diamino-heptane, 2,4-dimethyl-1,7-diamino-heptane, 2,5-dimethyl-1,7-diamino-heptane,
2,2-Dimethyl-1,7-diamino-heptane, 2-methyl-4-ethyl-1,7-diamino-heptane, 2-ethyl-4-methyl-1,7-
Diamino-heptane, 2,2,5,5-tetramethyl-1,7-diamino-heptane, 3-isopropyl-1,7-diamino-heptane, 3-isooctyl-1,7-diamino-heptane, 1,3 -Dimethyl-1,8-diamino-octane, 1,4-dimethyl-1,8-diamino-octane, 2,4-dimethyl-1,8-diamino-octane, 3,4-dimethyl-1,8-diamino -Octane, 4,5-dimethyl-1,8-diamino-octane, 2,2-dimethyl-1,8-diamino-octane, 3,3-dimethyl-1,8-diamino-octane,
4,4-Dimethyl-1,8-diamino-octane, 3,3,5-trimethyl-1,8-diamino-octane, 2,4-diethyl-1,8-diamino-octane, and 5-methyl-1 Mention may be made of constituent units derived from 9,9-diamino-nonane.

In the present invention, the number of carbon atoms shown in the description of the alkylenediamine component unit having a side chain alkyl group, unless otherwise specified, is the number of carbon atoms of the main chain alkylene group and the number of carbon atoms of the side chain alkyl group. And the total.

Among the alkylenediamine component units having a side chain alkyl group as described above, there are 1 to 2 side chain alkyl groups having 1 to 2 carbon atoms and the main chain has 4 to 10 carbon atoms. Component units derived from the side-chain alkyldiamines are preferably, and 2-methyl-1,5-diaminopentane component units are particularly preferred.

The following are examples of repeating units having constituent units derived from 2-methyl-1,5-diaminopentane, which is a particularly preferred side chain alkyldiamine in the present invention.

[0038]

[Chemical 4]

[III] In the above formula [III], R ² is a divalent hydrocarbon group such as p-phenylene group, m-phenylene group or alkylene group.

The polyamide of the present invention is derived from a terephthalic acid component unit which is the above main component unit and a divalent aromatic carboxylic acid other than terephthalic acid represented by an isophthalic acid component unit as the dicarboxylic acid component unit. In addition to the component unit and the above-mentioned aliphatic dicarboxylic acid component unit, a small amount of a component unit derived from a polybasic carboxylic acid of tribasic or higher such as trimellitic acid or pyromellitic acid may be contained. . In the polyamide of the present invention,
The component unit derived from such a polycarboxylic acid is
Usually, the content is 0 to 5 mol%.

For the polyamide of the present invention, 3 in concentrated sulfuric acid
The intrinsic viscosity [η] measured at a temperature of 0 ° C is usually 0.5
˜3.0 dl / g, preferably 0.5 to 2.8 dl / g, and particularly preferably 0.6 to 2.5 dl / g.

Further, the polyamide of the present invention has a higher melting point than the conventionally used aliphatic polyamide, but the melting point often does not exceed 310 ° C. That is, the polyamide of the present invention usually has a melting point of 280 to 305 ° C, and in many cases has a melting point in the range of 290 to 305 ° C. Furthermore, the polyamide of the present invention is particularly excellent in heat resistance, has a low water absorption rate, and has little post-crystallization due to annealing of a molded product. The glass transition temperature in the amorphous part of the polyamide of the present invention is usually 80 ° C. or higher,
It is preferably in the range of 90 to 150 ° C.

Since the molded body made of the polyamide of the present invention has the melting point and the glass transition temperature of the amorphous portion within the above ranges, the polyamide is unlikely to be in a molten state even when exposed to high temperatures. To have characteristics. Furthermore, since this polyamide has excellent moldability,
The use of this polyamide facilitates the production of a molded body. Further, since this polyamide has a glass transition temperature of 80 ° C. or higher in the amorphous portion, dimensional change hardly occurs even when exposed to high temperature.

Since this polyamide has a specific structure, it exhibits a low value for water absorption, which has been a problem of conventional aliphatic polyamides. The polyamide of the present invention can be produced by polycondensation of a dicarboxylic acid component and a diamine component. Specifically, this polyamide is
Terephthalic acid, an aromatic dicarboxylic acid other than terephthalic acid, an aliphatic dicarboxylic acid, a linear dialkylenediamine, an alkylenediamine having a side chain alkyl group,
Produced by blending in an aqueous medium in the above-mentioned amount, in the presence of a catalyst such as sodium hypophosphite, heating under pressure to produce a polyamide precursor first, and then melt-kneading the polyamide precursor. can do. When producing the polyamide precursor, a molecular weight modifier such as benzoic acid may be added.

The polyamide of the present invention may also be produced by separately producing a polyamide having a side chain alkyl group and a polyamide having no side chain, and melt-kneading these to carry out an amide exchange reaction. it can.

The polyamide of the present invention is melt-kneaded by adjusting the compounding amount of at least two kinds of polyamides having different compositions so that the dicarboxylic acid component unit and the diamine component unit are within the range of the present invention. It can also be manufactured by

That is, the polyamide (A) of the present invention is
It may be a polyamide composition having a repeating unit represented by the above formula [Ia], [Ib], [II] or [III].

The polyamide resin composition will be described below. The polyamide resin composition of the present invention is a composition comprising at least two polyamides having different constitutions, and the amount of the terephthalic acid component unit in this composition is 45 to 100 mol%, preferably 55 to 100%.
Mol%, particularly preferably 70 to 100 mol%, and the amount of the aromatic dicarboxylic acid component unit other than terephthalic acid is 0 to 5
5 mol%, preferably 0 to 45 mol%, particularly preferably 0 to 30 mol%, and the amount of the aliphatic dicarboxylic acid component unit having 4 to 20 carbon atoms is 0 to 55 mol%, preferably 0 to 45 mol%. %, Particularly preferably 0 to 30 mol%, and the amount of the linear alkylenediamine component unit having 4 to 18 carbon atoms in this composition is 55 to 95 mol%,
Preferably 60 to 90 mol%, particularly preferably 70 to 8
0 mol%, and the alkylenediamine component unit having 4 to 18 carbon atoms having a side chain alkyl group is 5 to 45 mol%, preferably 10 to 40 mol%, particularly preferably 20.
~ 30 mol%.

The above mol% is a value when the total amount of dicarboxylic acid component units and the total amount of diamine component units in this composition are each 100 mol%. And the composition of such composition mix | blends the above side chain containing polyamide, and aromatic polyamide and / or aliphatic polyamide so that each repeating unit in a composition may be in the said range. Then melt and knead.

The side chain-containing polyamide used here is
It suffices to have a repeating unit having an alkylenediamine component unit having a side chain alkyl group and having 4 to 18 carbon atoms. Specifically, the dicarboxylic acid component unit is 45 to 100 mol% of a terephthalic acid component unit, Preferably 70-
100 mol% and aromatic dicarboxylic acid component units other than terephthalic acid are 0 to 55 mol%, preferably 0 to 30 mol%, and the diamine component unit is a linear alkylenediamine component unit having 4 to 18 carbon atoms. 95 mol% and 5 to 45 mol% of alkylenediamine component units having 4 to 18 carbon atoms having a side chain alkyl group, preferably 25 to
Mention may be made of side chain containing polyamides of 75 mol%.

As the linear aliphatic polyamide kneaded with the side chain-containing polyamide, the dicarboxylic acid component unit is an aliphatic dicarboxylic acid component unit having 4 to 20 carbon atoms, and the diamine component unit is 4 to 4 carbon atoms
An aliphatic polyamide which is a linear alkylenediamine component unit of 18 can be mentioned. Specifically, polyhexamethylene adipamide (6,6 nylon), polyhexamethylene azelamide (6,9 nylon), polyhexamethylene sebacamide (6,10 nylon), polyhexamethylene dodecamide (6,6) Polyamide, which is a polycondensation product of an aliphatic dicarboxylic acid and a diamine, such as 12 nylon) and polyhexamethylenediaminobutane (4,6 nylon). Among these aliphatic polyamides, polyhexamethylene adipamide (6,6 nylon) is preferred.

In the aromatic polyamide, the dicarboxylic acid component unit is terephthalic acid component unit 45 to 100.
Mol%, preferably 50 to 80 mol%, and aromatic dicarboxylic acid component units other than terephthalic acid, 0 to 55 mol%, preferably 20 to 50 mol% and / or 4 to 2 carbon atoms.
The aromatic dicarboxylic acid component unit of 0 is 0 to 55 mol, preferably 20 to 50%, and the diamine component unit is 100 mol% of a linear alkylenediamine component unit of 4 to 18 carbon atoms. You can Specific examples include terephthalic acid, adipic acid and 1,
Aromatic polyamide synthesized from 6-diaminohexane,
Mention may be made of aromatic polyamides synthesized from terephthalic acid, isophthalic acid and 1,6-diaminohexane, terephthalic acid, isophthalic acid, sebacic acid and 1,6-diaminohexane. Among these, aromatic polyamides synthesized from terephthalic acid, adipic acid and 1,6-diaminohexane are preferable.

In the polyamide resin composition of the present invention,
The amount of each of the side chain-containing polyamide, the aromatic polyamide, and the aliphatic polyamide is set to a terephthalic acid component unit in the composition, an aromatic dicarboxylic acid component unit other than terephthalic acid, an aliphatic dicarboxylic acid component unit, and a side chain-containing diamine. The amounts of the component unit and the alkylenediamine component unit can be appropriately set so that they fall within the ranges specified in the present invention.

Particularly when the side chain-containing polyamide and the above aliphatic polyamide are used, the side chain-containing polyamide is usually 40 to 90% by weight, preferably 65 to 90% by weight,
The aliphatic polyamide is usually used in an amount of 60 to 10% by weight, preferably 35 to 10% by weight. When using the side chain-containing polyamide and the aromatic polyamide,
The side chain-containing polyamide is usually 5 to 95% by weight, preferably 20 to 80% by weight, and the aromatic polyamide is usually 9% by weight.
It is used in an amount of 5 to 5% by weight, preferably 80 to 20% by weight.

The polyamide resin composition of the present invention has excellent moldability, good heat resistance, and low water absorption. The polyamide resin composition of the present invention contains PPS.
(Polyphenylene sulfide), PPE (polyphenyl ether), PES (polyether fluphone), PE
A heat resistant resin such as I (polyether imide), LCP (liquid crystal polymer) and a modified product of these resins may be blended, and polyphenylene sulfide is particularly preferable. The amount of the heat-resistant resin in the polyamide resin composition of the present invention is usually less than 50% by weight, preferably 0.
-40% by weight.

Further, the polyamide and the polyamide resin composition of the present invention include antioxidants (heat stabilizers) such as phosphorus-based antioxidants, phenol-based antioxidants, amine-based antioxidants and sulfur-based antioxidants. Can be blended.

Examples of phosphorus-based antioxidants are 9,10-dihydro-9-oxa-10-phosphaphenanthrene-10-oxide, triphenyl phosphite, 2-ethylhexyl acid phosphate, dilauryl phosphite, and triphenyl phosphite. -iso-octyl phosphite, tris (2,4-di-tert-butylphenyl) phosphite, trilauryl phosphite, trilauryl-di-thiophosphite, trilauryl-tri-
Thiophosphite, trisnonylphenylphosphite, distearylpentaerythritol diphosphite, tris (monononylphenyl) phosphite, tris (dinonylphenyl) phosphite, trioctadecylphosphite, 1,1,3-tris (2 -Methyl-di-tridecylphosphite-5-tert-butylphenyl) butane, 4,4'-
Butylidene-bis (3-methyl-6-tert-butyl) tridecyl phosphite, 4,4'-butylidene-bis (3-methyl-6-tert
-Butyl-di-tridecyl) phosphite, bis (2,4-di-te
rt-Butylphenyl) pentaerythritol-di-phosphite, bis (2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-methylphenyl) pentaerythritol-di-phosphite, tetrakis (2,4
-Di-tert-butylphenyl) 4,4'-bisphenylenediphosphonite, distearyl pentaerythritol diphosphite, tridecyl phosphite, tristearyl phosphite, 2,2'-methylenebis (4,6-di) -tert-Butylphenyl) octylphosphite, sorbit-tris-phosphite-distearyl-mono- _C30 -diol ester and bis (2,4,6-tri-tert-butylphenyl) pentaerythritol diphosphite. be able to. Among these, bis (2,4-di-tert-butylphenyl) pentaerythritol-di-phosphite and bis (2,6-di-te
rt-Butyl-4-methylphenyl) pentaerythritol-di
-Pentaerythritol-di-phosphite-based phosphorus antioxidants such as -phosphite, and tetrakis (2,4
Mention may be made of -di-tert-butylphenyl) 4,4'-bisphenylenediphosphonite.

Examples of phenolic antioxidants include 3,
9-bis {2- [3- (3-tert-butyl-4-hydroxy-5-methylphenyl) propionyl] -1,1-dimethylethyl} -2,4,
8,10-Tetraoxaspiro [5,5] undecane, 2,6-di-ter
t-butyl-p-cresol, 2,4,6-tri-tert-butylphenol, n-octadecyl-3- (4'-hydroxy-3 ', 5'-di-t
ert-butylphenol) propionate, styrenated phenol, 4-hydroxy-methyl-2,6-di-tert-butylphenol, 2,5-di-tert-butyl-hydroquinone, cyclohexylphenol, butylhydroxyanisole,
2,2'-methylene-bis- (4-methyl-6-tert-butylphenol), 2,2'-methylene-bis- (4-ethyl-6-tert-butylphenol), 4,4'-iso-propyi Redene bisphenol,
4,4'-butylidene-bis (3-methyl-6-tert-butylphenol), 1,1-bis- (4-hydroxy-phenyl) cyclohexane, 4,4'-methylene-bis- (2,6-di -tert-butylphenol), 2,6-bis (2'-hydroxy-3'-tert-butyl-
5'-methylmethylbenzyl) 4-methyl-phenol, 1,1,3
-Tris (2-methyl-4-hydroxy-5-tert-butyl-phenyl) butane, 1,3,5-tris-methyl-2,4,6-tris (3,5-
Di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxy-benzyl) benzene,
Tetrakis [methylene-3- (3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propionate] methane, tris (3,
5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydrooxyphenyl) isocyanurate, tris [β- (3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propionyl-oxyethyl] isocyanate, 4,4′-thiobis ( 3-methyl-6-tert-butylphenol), 2,2'-thiobis (4-methyl-6-tert-butylphenol), 4,4'-thiobis (2-methyl-6-tert-butylphenol), and N, N'-hexamethylenebis (3,5-di-tert-butylphenol-4-hydroxycinnamamide) can be mentioned. Further, examples of amine-based antioxidants include 4,4′-bis (α, α-dimethylbenzyl) diphenylamine, phenyl-α-naphthylamine, phenyl-β-naphthylamine, N, N′-diphenyl-p-phenylene. Diamine,
N, N'-di-β-naphthyl-p-phenylenediamine, N-cyclohexyl-N'-phenyl-p-phenylenediamine, N-phenyl-N'-isopropyl-p-phenylenediamine, aldol-α-naphthylamine, Mention may be made of polymers of 2,2,4, -trimethyl-1,2-dihydroquinone and 6-ethoxy-2,2,4-trimethyl-1,2-dihydroquinoline.

Further, examples of sulfur antioxidants include thiobis (β-naphthol) and thiobis (N-phenyl-).
β-naphthylamine), 2-mercaptobenzothiazole,
Mention may be made of 2-mercaptobenzimidazole, dodecylmercaptan, tetramethylthiuram monosulfide, tetramethylthiuram disulfide, nickel dibutyldithiocarbamate, nickel isopropylxanthate, dilaurylthiodipropionate and distearylthiodipropionate.

These antioxidants can be used alone or in combination. Among such antioxidants, it is particularly preferable to use a phosphorus-based antioxidant alone or in combination with other antioxidants.

These antioxidants are used in an amount of 0.05 to 2 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the resin component.
It is particularly preferable to use it in an amount within the range of 0.1 to 1.5 parts by weight, and it is particularly preferable to use it in an amount within the range of 0.2 to 1.0 parts by weight.

Further, the polyamide and the polyamide resin composition of the present invention contain various inorganic fillers having a shape such as fibrous, powdery, granular, plate-like, needle-like, cloth-like or mat-like as an inorganic reinforcing material. A material can be mixed.

For example, preferable examples of the fibrous inorganic filler include glass fiber, carbon fiber, asbestos fiber and boron fiber. Of these, glass fiber is particularly preferable. By using the glass fiber, the moldability is improved, and the mechanical strength of the molded product containing the inorganic reinforcing material, such as tensile strength, bending strength, and bending elastic modulus, and heat resistance such as heat deformation temperature are improved. The average length of the glass fiber as described above is usually 0.1 to 20 mm,
It is preferably in the range of 0.3 to 6 mm, and the aspect ratio is usually in the range of 10 to 2000, preferably 30 to 600. It is preferable to use glass fibers having an average length and aspect ratio within such a range. Such glass fiber is usually used in an amount of 200 parts by weight or less, preferably 5 to 18 parts by weight, based on 100 parts by weight of the resin component.
The amount is 0 parts by weight, more preferably 5 to 150 parts by weight.

In addition to the above-mentioned fibrous inorganic filler, examples of various fillers used in the present invention having a powdery, granular, plate-like, needle-like, cloth-like, matte-like shape, etc. Powder or plate-like inorganic compounds such as silica, silica-alumina, alumina, calcium carbonate, titanium dioxide, talc, wollastonite, diatomaceous earth, clay, kaolin, spherical glass, mica, gypsum, red iron oxide, magnesium oxide and zinc oxide And acicular inorganic compounds such as potassium titanate.

Two or more kinds of these fillers can be mixed and used. Further, these fillers may be treated with a silane coupling agent or a titanium coupling agent before use. The average particle size of such filler is usually 0.1 to 200 μm, preferably 1 to 1
It is in the range of 00 μm.

Such a filler is usually used in an amount of 200 parts by weight or less, preferably 100 parts by weight or less, particularly preferably 1 to 50 parts by weight, based on 100 parts by weight of the resin component. To be done.

In addition to the above components, the polyamide of the present invention contains an organic filler, a heat stabilizer, a weather resistance stabilizer, an antistatic agent, an antislip agent, an antiblocking agent, within the range that does not impair the properties. Additives such as antifogging agents, lubricants, pigments, dyes, natural oils, synthetic oils and waxes may be added.

Examples of organic fillers are polyparaphenylene terephthalamide, polymetaphenylene terephthalamide, polyparaphenylene isophthalamide, polymetaphenylene isophthalamide, condensates of diaminodiphenyl ether and terephthalic acid (isophthalic acid) and para ( (A) wholly aromatic polyamides such as condensates of (meth) aminobenzoic acid; wholly aromatic polyamideimides such as condensates of diaminodiphenyl ether and trimellitic anhydride or pyromellitic anhydride; wholly aromatic polyesters; wholly aromatic polyimides; poly Heterocycle-containing compounds such as benzimidazole and polyimidazophenanthroline; and secondary processed products such as powdery, plate-like, fibrous or cloth-like products formed from polytetrafluoroethylene and the like. Can.

Using the polyamide resin composition or polyamide prepared as described above, a conventional melt molding method,
By using, for example, a compression molding method, an injection molding method or an extrusion molding method, a molded body having a desired shape can be manufactured.

For example, the polyamide resin composition or polyamide of the present invention is used at a cylinder temperature of 350 to 300 ° C.
It is possible to manufacture a molded product by putting it in an injection molding machine adjusted to a certain degree to bring it into a molten state and introducing it into a mold having a predetermined shape.

The shape of the polyamide resin composition of the present invention or the molded article produced using the polyamide is not particularly limited. For example, electric tools and general industrial parts, mechanical parts such as gears and cams, and printed wiring. It is possible to manufacture molded articles of various forms such as electronic parts such as substrates and housings of electronic parts, and particularly suitable as a resin for forming automobile interior / exterior parts, engine room parts and automobile electrical parts. Is.

Further, the polyamide resin composition or polyamide of the present invention is highly useful as a resin for producing a connector for interconnecting electronic circuits. That is, the connector produced from the polyamide resin composition or the polyamide as described above has excellent heat resistance, and even if the connector is heated once, the connector is hardly deformed thereafter.

[0073]

Since the polyamide and the polyamide resin composition of the present invention have a diamine component unit having a side chain, they have a low melting point and excellent moldability as compared with an aromatic polyamide having no side chain. Also, there is little post-crystallization due to annealing of the molded product.

Furthermore, by adding a phosphorus-based antioxidant to this resin composition, the heat resistance and toughness of the molded product are improved. Utilizing such characteristics, the polyamide resin composition or polyamide of the present invention is a thermoplastic resin for electric tools, general industrial parts, mechanical parts, electronic parts, automobile interior / exterior parts, engine room parts, and automotive electrical parts. It can be suitably used as a resin.

By using the polyamide resin composition or polyamide of the present invention, a molded article having good toughness as described above can be produced, and by suppressing such a decrease in toughness, Other excellent properties inherently possessed by the aromatic polyamide, such as mechanical strength and low water absorption, are hardly deteriorated.

[0076]

The present invention will now be described in more detail with reference to the examples of the present invention, but the present invention should not be construed in a limited manner by these examples.

[0077]

Example 1 1,6-diaminohexane 205.0 g (1.7
6 mol), 2-methyl-1,5-diaminopentane 68.3 g
(0.59 mol), terephthalic acid 288.4 g (1.74 mol)
Mol) and 73.7 g (0.50 mol) of adipic acid,
0.45 g of sodium hypophosphite as a catalyst (4.25 ×
10 ^-3 mol) and 65 ml of deionized water were charged into a 1 liter reactor, and after purging with nitrogen, 250 ° C. and 35 kg / cm ²
The reaction was performed under the conditions of 1 hour. With 1,6-diaminohexane
The molar ratio with 2-methyl-1,5-diaminopentane is 75:25.
And the molar ratio of terephthalic acid and adipic acid is 77.
It is 5: 22.5.

After 1 hour, the reaction product formed in the reactor was connected to the reactor and the pressure was about 10
Kg / cm ^{2 It} was pulled out to the receiver set low and the intrinsic viscosity (30
572 g of polyamide precursor having [η] of 0.15 dl / g was obtained.

Then, the polyamide precursor is dried,
Aromatic polyamide was obtained by melt polymerization at a cylinder temperature of 330 ° C. using a twin-screw extruder. The composition of this aromatic polyamide is as follows.

The content of 1,6-diaminohexane component unit in the diamine component unit is 75 mol%, 2-methyl-1,5
-The diaminopentane component unit content is 25 mol%. The terephthalic acid component unit content rate in the dicarboxylic acid component unit is 77.5 mol%, and the adipic acid component unit content rate is 22.5 mol%.

Injection-molded test pieces were prepared using the pellets thus obtained, and the following items were measured for the test pieces. Melting point, glass transition temperature, crystallization temperature: DSC
It was measured by the method (temperature rising rate = 10 ° C./min).

Water absorption: Using a test piece having a thickness of 3.2 mm ^t (prepared by injection molding), the weight change after immersion in water at 23 ° C. for 24 hours was measured. Crystallinity: Measured by an X-ray diffraction method using an injection molded test piece.

The measurement results are shown in Table 1.

[0084]

[Comparative Example 1] 139.3 g of 1,6-diaminohexane (1.2
0 mol), 2-methyl-1,5-diaminopentane 139.3 g
(1.20 mol), terephthalic acid 365.5 g (2.2 mol), and sodium hypophosphite 0.55 g as a catalyst.
(5.2 x 10 ^-3 mol) and 64 ml of deionized water
Charge to a liter reactor, replace with nitrogen, and then 250 ° C, 3
The reaction was carried out for 1 hour under the condition of 5 kg / cm ² . The molar ratio of 1,6-diaminohexane and 2-methyl-1,5-diaminopentane is 50:50.

After 1 hour, the reaction product formed in the reactor was connected to the reactor and the pressure was adjusted to about 10
It was extracted into a receiver set to be lower than kg / cm ^2, and 561 g of a polyamide precursor having an intrinsic viscosity [η] of 0.15 dl / g was obtained.

Then, the polyamide precursor is dried,
Aromatic polyamide was obtained by melt polymerization at a cylinder temperature of 330 ° C. using a twin-screw extruder. The composition of this aromatic polyamide is as follows.

The content of 1,6-diaminohexane component unit in the diamine component unit is 50 mol%, 2-methyl-1,5
-The content ratio of diaminopentane component unit is 50 mol%. The same physical property evaluation as in Example 1 was performed on this aromatic polyamide. The results are shown in Table 1.

[0088]

Comparative Example 2 269.3 g of 1,6-diaminohexane (2.3
2 mol), 205.6 g (1.24 mol) of terephthalic acid and 148.0 g (1.01 mol) of adipic acid, and 0.48 g (4.50 × 10 ⁻³ ) of sodium hypophosphite as a catalyst.
Mol) and 3.43 g of benzoic acid (2.
81 × 10 ^-2 mol) and 62 ml of ion-exchanged water were charged into a 1 liter reactor, and after purging with nitrogen, 250 ° C., 35 kg
The reaction was carried out for 1 hour under the condition of / cm ² . The molar ratio of terephthalic acid to adipic acid is 55:45.

After 1 hour, the reaction product formed in the reactor was connected to the reactor and the pressure was adjusted to about 10
It was extracted into a receiver set to a lower kg / cm ² to obtain 559 g of a polyamide precursor having an intrinsic viscosity [η] of 0.15 dl / g.

Then, the polyamide precursor is dried,
Aromatic polyamide was obtained by melt polymerization at a cylinder temperature of 330 ° C. using a twin-screw extruder. The composition of this aromatic polyamide is as follows.

The content ratio of the terephthalic acid component unit in the dicarboxylic acid component unit was 55 mol% and the content ratio of the adipic acid component unit was 45 mol%. The same physical property evaluation as in Example 1 was performed on this aromatic polyamide. The results are shown in Table 1.

[0092]

Example 2 [η] produced in Comparative Example 1 is 0.15 dl /
g of the polyamide precursor and the polyamide precursor prepared in Comparative Example 2 and having [η] of 0.15 dl / g were each dried, and then blended in a weight ratio of 50:50, and the mixture was mixed using a twin-screw extruder. Melt polymerization was performed at a cylinder setting temperature of 330 ° C. to obtain an aromatic polyamide having a methyl group in a side chain.

The composition of this aromatic polyamide is as follows. The 1,6-diaminohexane component unit content in the diamine component unit was 75 mol%, and the 2-methyl-1,5-diaminopentane component unit content was 25 mol%.

The terephthalic acid component unit content in the dicarboxylic acid component unit was 77.5 mol% and the adipic acid component unit content was 22.5 mol%. The same physical property evaluation as in Example 1 was performed on this aromatic polyamide. The results are shown in Table 1.

[0095]

Examples 3 to 5 The polyamide having a methyl group in the side chain produced in Comparative Example 1 and the polyamide produced in Comparative Example 2 are melt-kneaded at a weight ratio shown in Table 1 to cause an amide exchange reaction. Thus, an aromatic polyamide having a methyl group on its side chain was obtained.

Table 2 shows the component unit composition of these aromatic polyamides. Physical properties similar to those in Example 1 were evaluated for these aromatic polyamides. The results are shown in Table 2.

[0097]

Examples 6 to 7 and Comparative Examples 3 to 4 Polyamide having a methyl group in the side chain produced in Comparative Example 1 and nylon 66 (described as Comparative Example 4) were melted at the weight ratios shown in Table 3, respectively. The mixture was kneaded to obtain an aromatic polyamide having a methyl group on its side chain.

The compositions of these aromatic polyamides are shown in Table 3. Physical properties similar to those in Example 1 were evaluated for these aromatic polyamides. The results are shown in Table 3. Table 3 also shows the composition and physical properties of nylon 66.

[0099]

[Table 1]

[0100]

[Table 2]

[0101]

[Table 3]

Claims (13)

[Claims] 1. A polyamide formed from a repeating unit comprising a dicarboxylic acid component unit and a diamine component unit, wherein the dicarboxylic acid component unit is a terephthalic acid component unit 45.
To 100 mol% and aromatic dicarboxylic acid component units other than terephthalic acid 0 to 55 mol% and / or aliphatic dicarboxylic acid component units having 4 to 20 carbon atoms 0 to 55 mol%
Wherein the diamine component unit is 55 to 95 mol% of a linear alkylenediamine component unit having 4 to 18 carbon atoms and 5 to 45 mol% of an alkylenediamine component unit having 4 to 18 carbon atoms having a side chain alkyl group. % Polyamide. 2. The polyamide according to claim 1, wherein the linear alkylenediamine component unit having 4 to 18 carbon atoms is a 1,6-diaminohexane component unit. 3. A carbon atom having a side chain alkyl group with 4 to 4 carbon atoms.
18 alkylenediamine component units are 2-methyl-1,5-
The polyamide according to claim 1, which is a diaminopentane component unit. 4. A polycarboxylic acid component and a diamine component containing an alkylenediamine component having 4 to 18 carbon atoms having a side chain alkyl group are polycondensed or the dicarboxylic acid component and the number of carbon atoms having a side chain alkyl group. A side chain-containing polyamide precursor obtained by previously polycondensing a diamine component containing an alkylenediamine component of 4 to 18 and another polyamide precursor are polycondensed, or have a dicarboxylic acid component and a side chain alkyl group. A side chain-containing polyamide obtained by previously polycondensing a diamine component containing an alkylenediamine component having 4 to 18 carbon atoms and another polyamide are subjected to an amide exchange reaction, and the dicarboxylic acid component unit is terephthalic acid. Ingredient unit 45 ~
100 mol% and 0 to 55 mol% of aromatic dicarboxylic acid component units other than terephthalic acid and / or 4 carbon atoms
To 0 to 55 mol% of the aliphatic dicarboxylic acid component unit of 20 to 50 mol%, and the diamine component unit is 55 to 95 mol% of a linear alkylenediamine component unit of 4 to 18 carbon atoms and a carbon atom having a side chain alkyl group. A method for producing a polyamide comprising 5 to 45 mol% of an alkylenediamine component unit of the number 4 to 18. 5. The method for producing a polyamide according to claim 4, wherein the linear alkylenediamine component having 4 to 18 carbon atoms is 1,6-diaminohexane. 6. A carbon atom having a side chain alkyl group with 4 to 4 carbon atoms.
The method for producing a polyamide according to claim 4, wherein the alkylenediamine component of 18 is 2-methyl-1,5-diaminopentane. 7. A composition comprising at least two polyamides having different constitutions, wherein the amount of terephthalic acid component units in the composition is 45 to 50.
100 mol%, the amount of aromatic dicarboxylic acid component units other than terephthalic acid is 0 to 55 mol%, and the number of carbon atoms is 4 to 2
The amount of the aliphatic dicarboxylic acid component unit of 0 is 0 to 55 mol%
And the amount of the linear alkylenediamine component unit having 4 to 18 carbon atoms in the composition is 55 to 95 mol% and the amount of the alkylenediamine component unit having 4 to 18 carbon atoms having a side chain alkyl group. The polyamide resin composition is 5 to 45 mol%. 8. The polyamide resin composition, wherein the dicarboxylic acid component unit is a terephthalic acid component unit 45 to
100 mol% and 0 to 55 mol% of aromatic dicarboxylic acid component units other than terephthalic acid and / or 4 carbon atoms
To 20 mol of the aliphatic dicarboxylic acid component unit of 0 to 55 mol%, the diamine component unit of 5 to 95 mol% of a linear alkylenediamine component unit of 4 to 18 carbon atoms and a carbon atom having a side chain alkyl group. 5 to 95 parts by weight of a side chain-containing polyamide, which is 5 to 95 mol% of an alkylenediamine component unit of formula 4 to 18, a dicarboxylic acid component unit, and a terephthalic acid component unit
100 mol% and 0 to 55 mol% of aromatic dicarboxylic acid component units other than terephthalic acid and / or 4 carbon atoms
Aromatic polyamide 95 to 5 parts by weight, which is composed of 0 to 55 mol% of an aliphatic dicarboxylic acid component unit of 20 to 20 mol. The polyamide resin composition according to claim 7, which comprises: 9. The polyamide resin composition, wherein the dicarboxylic acid component unit is a terephthalic acid component unit 45 to
100 mol% and 0 to 55 mol% of aromatic dicarboxylic acid component units other than terephthalic acid and / or 4 carbon atoms
To 20 mol of the aliphatic dicarboxylic acid component unit of 0 to 55 mol%, the diamine component unit of 5 to 95 mol% of a linear alkylenediamine component unit of 4 to 18 carbon atoms and a carbon atom having a side chain alkyl group. 40 to 90 parts by weight of a side chain-containing polyamide, which is 5 to 95 mol% of an alkylenediamine component unit having a number of 4 to 18, and a dicarboxylic acid component unit, which is an aliphatic dicarboxylic acid component unit having a carbon number of 4 to 20, 8. The polyamide resin composition according to claim 7, wherein the component unit comprises 60 to 10 parts by weight of an aliphatic polyamide which is a linear alkylenediamine component unit having 4 to 18 carbon atoms. 10. The linear alkylenediamine component unit having 4 to 18 carbon atoms is a 1,6-diaminohexane component unit, according to any one of claims 7 to 9. Polyamide resin composition. 11. A carbon atom having a side chain alkyl group having 4 carbon atoms.
The alkylenediamine component unit of ~ 18 is 2-methyl-1,5
-The polyamide resin composition according to any one of claims 4 to 7, which is a diaminopentane component unit. 12. The polyamide resin composition comprises a resin component 1
8. The polyamide resin composition according to claim 7, which contains 1 to 20 parts by weight of an inorganic filler with respect to 00 parts by weight. 13. A resin molding comprising the polyamide according to any one of claims 1 to 3 or the polyamide resin composition according to any one of claims 7 to 12.