JPH07504367A - Manufacturing equipment and method for concrete structural members - Google Patents

Abstract

Described is an apparatus (1) for making concrete construction elements (100) having hollow channels (104) extending in the longitudinal direction thereof. Such an apparatus (1) comprises a first concrete-pouring element (20) for making a bottom layer (110) for the construction element (100) to be made; vibrator shoes (31) for compacting the concrete of the bottom layer (110); a second concrete-pouring element (40) for pouring a second concrete layer (120) onto the bottom layer (110); a vibrator plate (51) for compacting the concrete of the second layer (120); and bars or pipes (61) extending from the vibrator shoes (31) to beyond the vibrator plate (51) for ensuring that the hollow channels (104) are made in the constuction element (100) to be made. According to the invention, this apparatus (1) is improved in that between the vibrator shoes (31) and the bars or pipes (61) there is arranged a flexible filling piece (200) having a gradually extending contour.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] name of invention Apparatus and method for manufacturing concrete structural members The present invention relates to an apparatus for producing a structural member made of concrete, in which a number of hollow channels extend.

Apparatus for producing such concrete structural members is already known. This outfit An example of this arrangement is detailed in US Pat. No. 3,177,552. This known The purpose of the plant is to manufacture large length concrete structural members. Place the equipment on the work floor while keeping the concrete structural members horizontally fixed to the work floor. to produce concrete structural members in two work cycles. Ru. For this purpose, this device forms the bottom layer of concrete structural members a first concrete pouring member and means for compacting the bottom layer of concrete; , a second concrete pour member for pouring a second concrete layer over the bottom layer; , a means for similarly compacting the second concrete layer and a means for compacting the second concrete layer; and means for ensuring that the REIT is formed into a REIT structural member.

The first compaction means is a vibrator member having a vibrator shoe; The underside of the ibrator shoe should correspond to the contour of the underside of the channel to be formed. It has an external shape. When this vibrator shoe vibrates, it causes a finger index (lhi* ol+opic) concrete mass becomes fluid, and as a result, the concrete mass becomes fluid. The cleat mass compacts and forms the underside of the channel. channel final The member that plays the role of giving the shape corresponds to the outer shape of the channel to be formed. The first vibrator is made of a bar or a pipe having an external shape. extending from the vibrator member over the second concrete pour member and the second vibrator member. It is growing.

The pipes flow the concrete while pouring the second layer of concrete over the first layer. With the help of a second vibrator member that vibrates, the concrete is Ensure that it reaches only the flannel wall and hardens. In this regard, the second The blator member has a flat underside, i.e. the concrete structure to be fabricated. The lower surface has a shape that corresponds to the shape of the upper surface of the member.

The pipe or bar moves with the equipment and is essentially held by the equipment. It therefore has a constant velocity relative to the formed concrete mass. but, Shake the pipe longitudinally to reduce the friction of the pipe against the concrete mass. movement is given. This vibration has a frequency of about 5 Hz and an amplitude of about 6 mm, for example. Given. On the other hand, the vibrator shoe of the first vibrator member typically vibrates at a frequency of about 3000-9000 Hz and an amplitude of about 1 mm or less.

Thus, the vibrator shoe and pipe of the first vibrator member are separate and separate. It is constructed as a part. On the other hand, the distance of the vibrator shoe from the pipe is Depending on the amplitude of the pour and the maximum cross-sectional dimension of the gravel grains in the poured concrete mass. It's decided. If this maximum dimension is about 22 mm, then the distance is at least about 3 Qmm.

As a result, the walls already formed between the channels are Since there is no support between the blade shoe and the pipe, the first work cycle The height of these walls formed by the walls is limited. As a result, the second work At Ikuru, concrete is poured quite deeply to form the channel walls. This means that the concrete formed must be relatively fluid. It means no. This can be solved by using relatively damp concrete. However, this may have unfavorable consequences in terms of the final strength achieved. This requires using more cement in the concrete and is relatively It becomes expensive. Also, the distance between the first vibrator shoe and the pipe As a result, the cross-sectional dimensions of the pipe are reduced by the channel formed by the first vibrator shoe. Must be smaller than the lower cross-sectional dimension. Otherwise it is moving forward During this period, the concrete formed on the front of the pipe was rubbed away, and the thickness of the side wall was limited. This can lead to unevenness, cracks in the side wall, or even complete destruction of the side wall. It ends up. However, if a space is formed between the already formed channel wall and the pipe, Then, that space must be filled to give the channel the desired shape. . This is because variations in channel shape may cause cracks. This is because that. This space is filled with concrete again by the second vibrator member. It becomes dynamic and is filled by flowing down the pipe. However, this This requires that the two vibrator members have a relatively deep range of motion. moreover, Concrete structural members usually have metal pre-circuits between the channels. A stress bar is provided. At least some of the bars are It is surrounded by concrete poured during the first work cycle. already poured The concrete becomes fluid again in the second working cycle and flows down the pipe. Therefore, this concrete flows along the bristless bars mentioned above, and in fact, the resulting It was discovered that the product was defective due to the adhesion between the concrete and the bar material. are doing.

These problems are caused by the complicated manufacturing process of concrete structural members. For this reason, a large number of parameters are required to obtain a product that meets the criteria already set. must be controlled. What is important in this regard is that the manufacturing process remains the same throughout the entire length of the structural member being constructed; The parts are made to a length of approximately 120m and then cut to the appropriate length according to the customer's specifications. It will be done. If the error exceeds the allowable range, the product becomes defective.

Thus, the above problem became clear. In practice, concrete is prestressed. It has been observed that the lines do not adhere well and this has been properly adjusted in the working parameters. This is likely a result of not setting the working parameters as described above. must be set within narrow limits.

The purpose of the present invention is to solve these problems and reduce the number of parameters to be controlled. , or/or the parameters can be better controlled and the manufactured components To provide a device that reduces the percentage of defective products in concrete structural members. Ru.

In order to achieve this object, the present invention is based on the following findings. i.e. , the reason why the concrete does not adhere well to the bristles line is due to the flow during the first working process. This is caused by the tlltr-flow of poured concrete. The wake flow occurs when the dimensions of the pipe are smaller than the dimensions of the already formed channel section. This is the result of the fact that The first vibrator shoe and the pipe are separated by a certain distance. The space between the first vibrator shoe and the pipe has been Since there was nothing there, the dimensions of the pipe had to be reduced. Moreover, the present invention is also based on the following findings. In other words, filling the above-mentioned space with elastic material This allows the first vibrator shoe and the pipe to be mated with each other. There is no negative impact on each other, and on the contrary, further improvement is expected.

According to the invention, a device as described above comprises a respective vibrator shoe and a pipe. An elastic filler is placed between the Part of the side of the spider gradually changes from a vibrator shoe to a pipe. It is characterized by its shape. Vibrator shoe and pipe with elastic filling It is preferable that the materials have the same external shape and the same dimensions at the positions described above.

The invention further relates to a method of manufacturing a concrete structural component. According to the present invention The method is characterized in that it uses the apparatus described above, with the result that the produced Concrete structural members can have better properties.

Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the device of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. The present invention will now be explained in more detail.

Figures IA and IB are longitudinal and cross-sectional views of concrete structural members, respectively. Ru.

FIG. 2A is a schematic side view of a concrete structural member manufacturing apparatus.

FIG. 2B is a schematic front view of the device shown in FIG. 28.

Figures 3A and 3B show concrete at successive stages in the manufacturing process. FIG.

4A and 4B are diagrams illustrating the drawbacks of the prior art.

FIG. 5A shows a device according to the invention provided between the vibrator shoe and the recessed pipe. It is a side view of an elastic filling piece.

FIG. 5B is a sectional view taken along line BB in FIG. 5A.

Figures IA and IB are suitable for functioning as structural members on the system floor, for example. A vertical cross-sectional view and a cross-sectional view of a concrete structural member 100 are respectively shown.

The structural member 100 has a lower side surface 101, an upper side surface 102, and a suitable contour shape. and a side wall 103. As shown in the figure, the lower surface 101 and The upper surface 102 is preferably flat. The structural member 100 further includes a structural member 100 longitudinally extending channels in between! ! Multiple hollow chambers with 106 The tension generated in the concrete by the load applied to the wall 104 and the upper surface 102 It includes a large number of metal prestress bars 105 that absorb tension. bristles A bar 105 is located near the lower surface 101 of the structural member 100 and is always connected to each hollow channel. It is next to Le 104. Such a concrete structural member 100 is known per se. It is being

FIG. 2A is a schematic side view of the apparatus 1 for manufacturing the concrete structural member 100. . The device 1 is installed on a work floor 12, for example, on a rail provided on the work floor 12. A machine frame movable by wheels 11 in the direction shown by arrow F1 in FIG. 10. As shown in the front view of FIG. 2B, the side of the machine frame 10 Wheels 11 are provided on the side of the direction, and on the work floor 12 between them, the manufacturing 2 having an outer shape that forms the contour shape of the side wall 103 of the structural member 100 to be constructed. Two molds 13 are installed.

Near the front of the machine frame 10 is a bottom layer of the structural member 100 to be manufactured. 110 on the work floor 12. attached (see Figure 3A). The concrete pouring member 20 is about to be poured. A storage container 21 for concrete 22 and an outflow nozzle for discharging the concrete 22. 23. The width of the outflow nozzle 23 depends on the structure to be manufactured. The width can be set to correspond to the width of the material 100, but it is better to use a narrow outlet nozzle. A plurality of them may be arranged side by side.

In the vicinity of the outflow nozzle 23, a first compressor is used to compact the concrete of the bottom layer 110. A compaction means 30 is attached to the machine frame 10. In the illustrated embodiment The first compacting means 30 corresponds to each hollow channel 104 to be created. A vibrator shoe 31 connected to the vibrator shoe 31 and a vibrator shoe 31 connected to the vibrator shoe 31 It is composed of a motor 32 that applies vibration to a data shoe 31. Each vibe Although the rotor shoe 31 may be provided with separate motors 32, one motor 32 may be provided. is preferably connected to a plurality of vibrator shoes 31. vibrator -31 usually vibrates at a frequency of about 3000-9000Hz and an amplitude of about 1mm or less. The vibration of this vibrator shoe causes thixotropy ) the concrete salt becomes fluid, so that the concrete salt It solidifies and becomes flat along the outer shape of the vibrator shoe 31.

While manufacturing the structural member 100, the device 1 continuously moves forward (in the direction of Fl) - At some point, the vibrator shoe 31 leaves the bottom layer 110. At this point It can be considered as the end of the first work cycle, where the structure to be manufactured A lower surface 101 of member 100 and a lower portion 111 of the wall of hollow channel 104 form be done.

Further, near the rear side of the machine frame 10, a second concrete is placed on the bottom layer 110. The second concrete pouring member 40 for pouring the REET layer 120 is installed. It is. The concrete pouring member 40 pours the concrete 42 to be poured. It is composed of a storage container 41 and an outflow nozzle 43 that discharges concrete 42. There is. The concrete 42 has the same composition as the concrete 22 of the bottom layer 110. It is preferable that If so, storage container 21.41 is a common storage container or connected to a common supply pipe or one instead of two storage containers 21.41 A common storage container is provided. The width of the outflow nozzle 43 depends on the structure to be manufactured. The outlet nozzle may have a width corresponding to the width of the member 100, but may have a narrower width. A plurality of them may be arranged side by side.

Near the outflow nozzle 43, the concrete of the second concrete layer 120 is A second compacting means 50 for compacting is attached to the machine frame 10. ing. In the illustrated embodiment, the second compaction means 50 includes a nozzle plate 51. The bottom surface of this vibrator plate 51 is located above the structural member 100 to be manufactured. The outer shape corresponds to the desired contour shape of the side surface 102. For example, (Ibray As shown in the figure, the tab plate 51 corresponds to the width of the structural member 100 to be manufactured. It may be a single, flat vibrator plate 51 with a width. Furthermore, the pressing hand The stage 50 is connected to a vibrator plate 51 and applies vibration to the vibrator plate 51. It includes a motor 52. By this motor 52) (the ibrator plate 51 is ) It vibrates at the same frequency and amplitude as the vibrator shoe 31.

Additionally, a recess member 60 is attached to the machine frame 10. This depression The gripping member 60 extends from near the vibrator shoe 31 (beyond the vibrator plate 51). hollow channel 1 in the structural member 100 to be manufactured. Make sure to make 04. This hollow member 60 has a solid shape for each channel. A rod or preferably a hollow vibro 1, the vibro 1 having a channel 10 It has an external shape according to the contour shape desired in No. 4. In the illustrated embodiment, as shown in FIG. As shown in Figure 1, Vibro 1 is mostly oval in shape.

When the vibrator plate 51 vibrates, the thixotropic concrete salt becomes fluid. As a result, the concrete salt hardens and flows between the vibro 1. , is flat on the upper side along the outer contour of the vibrator plate 51 (see FIG. 3B).

The second concrete pouring member 40, compaction means 50 and vibro 0 pass through. and concrete 22.42 is the final shape of the structural member 100 to be manufactured. (see Figure IB). Of course the concrete 22.42 is still hardening. solid, but is strong enough to maintain this final shape during solidification .

A motor 62 is connected to the vibro 1, and the motor 62 operates the vibrator. The vibro 1 vibrates in the longitudinal direction of the vibro 1 as shown by the arrow F2 in FIG. 2A, and To reduce the friction between the blower 1 and the concrete 22. This vibration is e.g. It is given with a frequency of 5 Hz and an amplitude of about 6 mm.

In the known device, there is a space 70 between the vibrator shoe 31 and the vibro 1. , to prevent the vibrations of the vibrator shoe 31 and the vibro 1 from influencing each other. I'm here. The length of this space is measured in the longitudinal direction of the vibro 1 and is at least It must be the same as the amplitude of vibration F2 of blow 1, which is equal to the amplitude of vibration F2 of concrete 22. ．． 42, the actual length of the space 70 is approximately 3 What is 0mm? In the length range of this space 70, the shape is formed in the first working cycle. The formed channel wall portion 111 has no support. In this regard, Vibe The channel wall 111, which supports itself in the space 70 near the rotor shoe 31, As a result, these channels are affected by the vibration of the vibrator shoe 31. The flannel wall 111 is swayed without support, and the material 22 in this position is still in comparison. Please note that the situation is fluid. Therefore, the channel wall portion 111 is In order to prevent "shaking", it is necessary to limit its height to a relatively low value. As shown in more detail, the dimensions of the vibro 1 are those of the corresponding vibrator shoe 31. smaller than the dimension, thereby causing the bottom layer 110 to move while the vibro 1 is moving forward along the poured concrete 22 to avoid rubbing it (Fig. (See 4B). This results in the complications mentioned above. Figure 40 shows the second To form the concrete layer 120, the concrete 42 is deep between the vibros 1. It shows the state in which it must flow in, and furthermore, the Vibro 1 and the bottom It also shows that the slit 121 between the layer 110 must be filled. Ru. For this purpose, the concrete 22.42 must be relatively fluid. do not have.

The device according to the invention does not have this drawback. It is shown in Figure 5A that the The space 70 between the blator shoe 31 and the vibro 1 is filled with an elastic filling piece 200. This is because it is broken. As is clear from FIG. 5A, the elastic filling piece 200 There is no need for the ratchet shoe 31 and the vibro 1 to be very high. At least vibe Concrete poured with data shoe 31, elastic filler piece 200, and Vibro 1 In the height range where the elastic filling piece 200 contacts the vibrator shoe 31 The external shape gradually changes from that of the vibro 1 to that of the vibro 1. Figure 5A.

5B, the vibrator shoe 31, the elastic filling piece 200 and the vibrator shoe 31, Preferably, the blower 1 has the same external shape and the same dimensions at the positions mentioned above.

Manufacturing concrete structural member 100 using the improved apparatus according to the present invention In the first working cycle, the walls can be made high and Less fluid concrete can be used; As the adhesion to the prestressed bar becomes stronger, the parameters to be controlled The number of settings for these parameters is no longer critical, and the settings for these parameters are no longer critical. The percentage of good products decreases.

5A and 5B are easy to install between the vibrator shoe 31 and the vibro 1. A preferred embodiment of the obtained elastic filling piece 200 is shown. This ease of installation actually The above is very informative. That is, the elastic filling piece 200 is made of an elastic material such as rubber. The elastic filling pieces 200 are worn out by the grinding action of the concrete that rubs against them. This is because it is easy to use and therefore must be replaced quickly.

The elastic filling piece 200 has a length of about 12 cm, and this length should be an appropriate length. I know. Vibrator shoes are provided at both ends of this elastic filling piece 200, respectively. -31 and flange 201.202 corresponding to flange 35.65 of Vibro 1. , for example attached by adhesive. Flanges 201 and 202 are removed. The attached elastic filling pieces 200 have flanges 201 and 202 that are biply, respectively. The attachments attached to Kushiny 31 and Vibro 1 should be in contact with piece 36.66. Then, from below along the flanges 35 and 65 of the vibrator shoe 31 and the tape 61. Easily slipped in. Thus, the flanges 201, 202 are e.g. The mounting screws 37 and 67, respectively, are attached to the pieces 36 and 66. Can be attached.

FIG, IA FIG. 1B FIG, 2B FIG, 3A FIG. 3B FIG, 4B FIG, 5A FIG, 5B international search report 1□1-Chest lantern 931O hit 44

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. Concrete construction with a hollow channel (104) extending in the longitudinal direction A manufacturing apparatus (1) for a structural member (100), the apparatus (1) for producing a structural member (100) a first concrete pouring member forming the bottom layer (110) of 0) on the working floor; (20) and a first compacting means for compacting the concrete of the bottom layer (110). (30) and A second concrete layer (120) is poured over the bottom layer (110). Cleat injection member (40) and concrete of the second concrete layer (120) a second compacting handle (50) for compacting; Forming a hollow channel (104) in the structural member (100) to be manufactured and a depression member (60) for ensuring that In, An elastic filling member (20 0), and the outer shape of the elastic filling member (200) is at least at the lower side. At least a part of the side part of the recessed member (6 A concrete structure characterized by having a shape that gradually changes to the external shape of 0). Part manufacturing equipment. 2. The first compacting means (30), the elastic filling member (200) and the depression member (60) ) have the same external shape and the same dimensions in the said position. A manufacturing apparatus for concrete structural members according to scope 1. 3. Concrete construction with a hollow channel (104) extending in the longitudinal direction In the method for manufacturing a structural member (100), the method according to claim 1 or 2 A manufacturing method characterized by using the manufacturing apparatus (1). 4. Concrete construction with a hollow channel (104) extending in the longitudinal direction In the structural member (100), the manufacturing apparatus (100) according to claim 1 or 2 is used. ) A structural member characterized in that it is manufactured by.