JPH0749616B2 - Three-dimensional knitted fabric and manufacturing method thereof - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Industrial field of use] The present invention relates to a special three-dimensional knitted fabric obtained by knitting a fiber material, more specifically, at least one layer formed by warp and weft. The present invention relates to a three-dimensional knitted fabric formed between two front and back knitted fabrics formed by loop stitches and a manufacturing method thereof.

[Conventional technology]

In a conventional three-dimensional knitted fabric, as shown in FIG. 3 as an example, two knitted fabrics each formed by the repeats of the warp cross stitches 1 and 1 ′ are integrated by a connecting yarn 2 to form front and back surfaces. The warp yarns 5 are three-dimensionalized by alternately inserting the warps 5 between the wales forming the surface of the knitted fabric, that is, in the warp stitch row forming the sheet surface of the knitted fabric. In such a three-dimensional knit, there is a problem in that the strengths of the knitted fabric in the warp direction and the weft direction are determined by the characteristics of the two planar objects and are extremely lower than the strength in the vertical direction.

Separately from the three-dimensional knit, as a three-dimensional structure composed of a fiber aggregate, a plurality of planar fabrics are stacked and adhered,
There is one in which a part of two woven fabrics are mixed with each other to form a polymer woven fabric. Among them, in the former fabric, it is possible to increase the thickness of the cube by increasing the number of fabrics to be laminated, but the strength in the thickness direction of the cube, that is, the strength in the vertical direction, is much more extreme than in the warp and weft directions. There was a weakness. Further, the latter woven fabric has a higher shear stress in the vertical direction than the former woven fabric, but the increase in the vertical thickness itself is limited, and a three-dimensional structure having a sufficient thickness could not be obtained.

[Problems to be solved by the invention]

An object of the present invention is to solve the problem of the conventional three-dimensional structure, to provide a three-dimensional knitted fabric whose thickness can be freely increased and which has a well-balanced strength in the warp direction, the weft direction and the vertical direction. To do.

[Means for solving problems]

The three-dimensional knitted fabric according to the first aspect of the present invention is composed of two sheets each formed by warp loop stitches, and the sheets are connected to each other so that the two sheets respectively form a front surface portion and a back surface portion of the three-dimensional knitted fabric. Connecting yarn, and a warp inserting yarn and a weft inserting yarn which are diagonal to the connecting yarn and are inserted in the space formed by the connecting yarn so as to be in parallel with the surface portion of the sheet. .

The connecting yarns connecting the front and back sheets of the three-dimensional knitted fabric, and the warp and weft insertion yarns inserted between the connecting yarns are made of arbitrary fiber materials.

The connecting yarn may be composed of a ground yarn forming a stitch of the sheet, or an additional yarn dedicated to connection and independent of the ground yarn.

There is no particular limitation on the connection state of the front and back sheets. When connecting the front and back sheets by the ground yarn forming the looped stitch, it is convenient to knit the front and back sheets for each stitch in knitting, and when the additional connecting yarn is used, the front and back sheet surface portions are substantially It suffices that they are connected in a state in which they are evenly spaced and maintain their integrity, but an increase in the density of the connecting threads stabilizes the integrity of the sheet and is preferable from the viewpoint of reinforcing the strength of the sheet.

The insertion yarn is preferably inserted between the connecting yarns in a direction substantially perpendicular to the connecting yarns. Further, the warp insertion yarn (wale direction insertion yarn) and the weft insertion yarn (course direction insertion yarn) are formed in parallel between the front and back sheets, and the intermediate layer is a single layer including only the warp and weft insertion yarns. It may be. The strength and the thickness of the three-dimensional knitted fabric increase as the number of laminated intermediate layers increases.

The method for producing a three-dimensional knitted fabric according to the second aspect of the present invention is to form warp-inserted yarns and wefts between connecting yarns that are formed by warp loop knitting while connecting two front and back sheets to each other and form the connecting portions in synchronization with this. It is characterized in that the inserting yarn is inserted in parallel to the sheet surface portions of the front and back sheets at an angle with respect to the connecting yarn.

Also, the three-dimensional knitted fabric of the present invention forms a stitch row with each needle row of a knitting machine equipped with a two-row needle bed, and is an extension of the same yarn forming the stitch row, or with an additional connecting yarn. It can be obtained by inserting warp-insertion yarns or weft-insertion yarns or both in a substantially right-angled direction into the connecting yarn while connecting them.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings showing an embodiment of a three-dimensional knitted fabric of the present invention.

FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing an embodiment of the three-dimensional knitted fabric of the present invention. In FIG. 1, two sheets of loop stitches according to the present invention are shown at 7 and 7 ', which means that the loop stitches 1 are formed in a plane.
In the front sheet 7, the loop-shaped stitch 1 is connected in the wale direction while being connected in the course direction by the linear stitch 8, and the loop knitting yarn may form one knitted fabric. Although the stitch 1 is connected in the wale direction but is not connected in the course direction at all, the case where the wales are connected by the additional (warp) yarn is also included.

For example, when forming the former one knitted fabric, the loop-shaped stitch 1 is formed by the yarns supplied from the guide bars L ₁ and L ₅ among the guide bars L _{1 to} L ₈ shown in FIG. The linear stitch 8 may be formed by the yarn supplied from the L ₁ guide bar. In the latter case, the yarn is not supplied from the L ₁ and L ₈ guide bars, but only the yarn supplied from the L ₅ guide bar is supplied to the needles 6 and 6 ′. However, in this case, since the stitches are not connected in the course direction, it is necessary to separately supply and connect the connecting yarn.

The back sheet 7'is also formed in synchronization with the front sheet 7. The stitch 1 '(Fig. 2) that constitutes the back sheet 7'is L ₅
It is knitted by the thread supplied from the L ₈ guide bar.
As described above, the three-dimensional knitted fabric of the present invention has the front and back sheets 7 and 7'having at least two loop-shaped stitches.

Further, in FIG. 1, the front and back sheets 7, 7 ′ are integrated by the connecting thread 2. The connecting yarns are formed substantially perpendicular to the surface portions of the sheets 7, 7 ', and when the connecting portions are formed and then loop stitches 1, 1'are formed, and when the loop stitches are formed.
In some cases, the loop-shaped stitch may be caught without forming 1,1 '.

FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram showing the mutual relationship of the threads of the three-dimensional knitted fabric of the present invention. In FIG. 2, the connecting yarn 2 forms a loop-shaped stitch 1,1 'after forming a connecting portion. In the space formed by the connecting yarn 2, two rows of warp inserting yarns 3 and 3'are substantially orthogonal to the connecting yarn 2 in the wale direction, and
A row is inserted between the two rows of warp insertion threads 3, 3'substantially orthogonal to the connecting thread 2 in the course direction.

However, in the present invention, the warp insertion yarn 3 and the weft insertion yarn 4 are
Is provided on the condition that it is juxtaposed with the seat surface in the space formed by the connecting yarn 2 as described above.
It suffices as long as it has an angle with respect to and intersects with the connecting yarn 2. Therefore, it is desirable that this crossing relationship be substantially right angle as shown in FIG. 2, but it may be inclined.

In order to impart isotropic performance in the three-dimensional direction to the three-dimensional knitted fabric of the present invention, it is desirable to insert diagonal insertion yarns in addition to the warp insertion yarns and the weft insertion yarns that are perpendicular to the connecting yarns. It may be appropriately selected according to the purpose of use of the three-dimensional knit.

Furthermore, in order to increase the thickness of the three-dimensional knitted fabric of the present invention in the vertical direction, it is desirable to insert warp-insertion yarns and weft-insertion yarns in multiple layers, and the inserted warp yarns and weft yarns are larger than the yarns forming loop stitches. It is better to use one.

As described above, the intermediate layer formed by the inserting yarns inserted between the connecting yarns on the inside of the front and back sheets may be one layer formed by only the warp inserting yarns 3 and the weft inserting yarns 4, or A combination of these two insertion yarn rows in multiple layers may be used. However, in the three-dimensional knitted fabric of the present invention, at least one layer including the warp insertion yarn and the weft insertion yarn must be inserted into the space of the connecting yarn 2.

FIG. 3 is a model structure diagram showing an example of the conventional three-dimensional knitted fabric. In this conventional example, the warp yarn row 5 is inserted in a direction perpendicular to the connecting yarn 2, but in this case, the warp yarn row 5 is not inserted into the connecting portion but constitutes front and back sheet surfaces. It is inserted between the wales of stitches 1,1 '. As described above, even if the warp yarn is inserted into the connecting yarn in a substantially right-angled direction, the present invention has a feature that the inserted yarn is inserted only into the connecting portion. The structure is different from the three-dimensional knitted fabric inserted in the chisel.

However, in the present invention, the insertion thread may be inserted into the seat surface while being inserted into the connecting portion.

For example, when it is inserted into the connecting portion for 5 or more courses in the knitted fabric wale direction and is inserted into the seat surface in the next course, and when this is repeated, it can be considered that the warp is substantially inserted in the connecting portion. it can. However, 4 in the wale direction
In the case of a short cycle which is less than or equal to the course, the mechanical properties of the two sheets of the three-dimensional knit change, but the strength of the entire three-dimensional knit in the warp, weft, and vertical three-dimensional directions is unbalanced, which is not preferable. . Moreover, the insertion of the insertion thread does not necessarily have to be performed regularly. Even in a part, it is sufficient that the insertion yarn is inserted into the connecting portion over 5 courses or more in the knitted fabric wale direction. This is common to both warp and weft insertion yarns. In particular, the weft insertion yarn is, of course, inserted into the connecting portion over the entire width of the sheet, but it is inserted into the connecting portion every several wales in the course direction, and even when it is folded back and inserted at the time of forming the next stitch. The object of the invention can be achieved. In this case, several wales means at least 2 wales, and 5 wales or more is desirable to enhance strength reinforcement in the weft direction.

Next, an example of producing two three-dimensional knits of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 4 and 5. In the example of FIG. 4, and supplies the guide bar L ₅ the yarns forming the connecting yarn 2 'stitches 1,1 to' each needle row 6,6. Further, for the purpose of reinforcing the stitches 1 and connecting the loop-shaped stitches in the course direction, from the guide bar L ₁ to the needle row 6
Supply the yarn to. Similarly, a yarn is supplied from the guide bar L ₈ to the needle row 6 ′ to reinforce the stitch 1 ′. Further, in order to insert the warp insertion yarn 3 into the connecting portion formed by the connecting yarn 2, the guide bars L ₂ , L ₄ ,
Supply thread from L ₇ . At this time, the guide bar L _2, L _4, L ₇ does not perform overlapping motion for each of the needle row 6, 6 'does not supply the yarn to the hook of the needle. By repeating this knitting movement, the warp yarns can be inserted into the connecting yarns 2 substantially at right angles. Although the weft insertion yarn 4 is supplied from the guide bars L ₃ and L ₆ , the overlapping motion is not performed and the yarn is not supplied to the hook portion of the needle as in the case of the warp insertion yarn 3.
However, the guide bars L ₃ and L ₆ are reciprocally inserted in the weft direction between the connecting yarns 2 by applying movement in the multi-needle weft direction in the course direction during the transition from the needle row 6 to the facing needle row 6 '. It will be possible. Here, the term "between a plurality of stitches" means a plurality of courses described above, and in the present invention, 5 courses or more, that is, 5 stitches or more is desirable. In the example of the warp knitting chart of FIG. 5, the guide bars L ₃ and L ₆ repeat the shog and swing motions with a width between 6 needles, so that the weft insertion yarn 2 is folded back and inserted between the connecting yarns every 6 courses. .

As a warp knitting machine for producing the three-dimensional knitted fabric of the present invention, there are a double rush machine and a double tricot machine equipped with a two-row needle bed. As shown in FIG. 4, these warp knitting machines have two needle rows 6,
6'are installed facing each other and are designed to alternately repeat the conventional knitting movement. Specific guide bars L ₁ , L ₅ , and L ₈ perform a wrapping motion for each needle row, supply a yarn to the hook portion of the needle, and sequentially form loop-shaped stitches 1, 1 ′.

〔Example〕

Double dashle machine equipped with 8 guides (Fig. 4)
An example of the three-dimensional knitted fabric of the present invention was formed by using the knitting fabric according to the knitting structure shown in FIG.

The knitting machine used was 18 gauge (having 18 needles per inch) specifications, and two flat objects made of warp loop stitches were formed by the yarns supplied from the guide bars L ₁ and L ₈ . Using the yarn supplied from L ₅ , form a connecting portion that connects the two sheets for reinforcement and the front and back surfaces of the sheet, and use the yarns of the guide bars L ₂ , L ₄ and L ₇ to 3
As for the warp insertion yarn layers of the rows, two rows of weft insertion yarn layers were formed from the yarns of L ₃ and L ₆ . This knitting is performed in synchronization with each course.
Further, a 200 denier polyaramid fiber was set in the guide bars L ₁ , L ₅ , and L ₈ and a 1800 denier carbon fiber was set in the guide bars L ₂ , L ₃ , L ₄ , L ₆ , and L ₇ to form a three-dimensional knitted fabric. . The obtained three-dimensional knit was a three-dimensional structure in which carbon fibers having a thickness of 4.0 mm were interposed between two knitted fabrics formed of polyaramid fiber, and carbon fibers were arranged in a laminate in the weft direction.

〔The invention's effect〕

The strength of the conventional three-dimensional knitted fabric in the warp direction and the weft direction is extremely low as compared with the strength in the vertical direction because it is determined by the characteristics of the two planar objects. Compared to this, the three-dimensional knitted fabric of the present invention has two
Since it has yarn components of both warp and weft at the connecting portion between both sides of the sheet, it has high strength balanced in three-dimensional directions of warp, weft and vertical. Further, depending on the purpose of use, it is also possible to design with high strength in only one of the three-dimensional directions. Moreover, since the yarn component is present in the vertical direction as compared with the case where flat fabrics are laminated while being adhered to each other, problems such as peeling do not occur. Further, since it is possible to increase the number of warp threads and weft threads to be inserted depending on the specifications of the knitting machine for forming the three-dimensional knitted fabric of the present invention, it is possible to manufacture a thick knitted fabric.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of an embodiment of the three-dimensional knitted fabric of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a structural explanatory view of one embodiment of the three-dimensional knitted fabric of the present invention. FIG. 3 is a structural explanatory view of a conventional three-dimensional knit. FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram of a knitting section of a warp knitting machine equipped with a two-row needle bed. FIG. 5 shows a knitting structure diagram of an embodiment of the three-dimensional knitted fabric of the present invention. 1,1 '... Loop stitch, 2 ... Connecting yarn, 3,3' ... Warp insertion yarn, 4 ... Weft insertion yarn, 5 ... Warp row, 6,6 '... Needle row, 7 , 7 '…… Sheet consisting of loop stitches, 8 ……
Straight stitch.

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A front sheet and a back sheet each comprising warp loop stitches, connecting threads for connecting the front and back sheets to each other, diagonally connecting the connecting threads, and parallel to the surface portions of the front and back sheets. A three-dimensional fabric comprising a warp insertion yarn and a weft insertion yarn inserted between the connecting yarns. 2. A warp-insertion yarn and a weft-insertion yarn are formed between connecting yarns which are formed by warp loop knitting while connecting two front and back sheets to each other and which form the connecting portion in synchronization with each other. A method for producing a three-dimensional knit by forming an angle with respect to each other and inserting the three-dimensional knitted fabric in parallel into the sheet surface portions of the front and back sheets.