JPH0734223Y2 - Gas compressor - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION << Industrial Application Field >> The present invention relates to a gas compressor, and more particularly to a rotary vane type gas compressor used in a car cooler or other relatively small refrigeration equipment.

<Outline of the Invention> The present invention generates the vane pressure by utilizing the pressure on the compression side of the cylinder chamber, connects the suction side and the vane pressure chamber at the beginning of the suction stroke, and causes the vane to project. The present invention relates to a gas compressor capable of smoothly performing.

<< Prior Art >> The applicant previously proposed a rotary vane type compressor having a variable capacity as shown in FIGS.

That is, this gas compressor includes a compressor main body 1, a casing 2 having an opening at one end that hermetically surrounds the main body, and a front head 3 attached to an opening end surface of the casing 2.

The gas compressor 1 includes a cylinder block 4 having a substantially elliptic cylindrical shape on the inner circumference.
And a side block composed of a front side block 5 and a rear side block 6 attached to both sides of the cylinder block 4, and a rotor shaft 7 is formed in a cylinder chamber a of an inner peripheral substantially elliptic cylinder formed by the side block. A solid cylindrical rotor 9 is integrally rotatably mounted on the periphery of the rotor and is equipped with five flat plate-shaped vanes 8 that can move forward and backward in the radial direction.

The vane 8 is mounted on the rotor 9 so as to extend around the rotor 9 in the direction of the rotation axis thereof, have a cross section slightly larger than the cross section of the vane 8, and have a groove-shaped recess having a depth slightly larger than the height of the vane 8. 9a is provided, and the vane 8 is inserted into the groove-shaped recess 9a.

As shown in the perspective view of FIG. 5, the vane 8 has a plurality of vertically elongated grooves (3 in the illustrated example) 8a, 8a ... Is formed on the surface.

Further, between the front side block 5 and the cylinder block 4, a substantially disc-shaped control plate 10 is fitted and supported on the rotor shaft 7, and the control plate 10 is rotatably driven at a predetermined angle. Also, bypass recesses 11, 11 are provided in the peripheral portion in a 180 ° opposed shape, and the bypass recesses 11 are provided in the communication hole 12 of the front side block 5 and the front side block 5 not shown. It is designed to communicate with the bypass hole.

The control plate 10 is rotatable within a predetermined angle.For example, during low speed operation, the control plate 10 is set to a position where the sucked refrigerant gas is not bypassed, so that the maximum capacity of the compression working chamber is ensured. ing.

On the other hand, during high-speed operation, the control plate 10
Rotates clockwise, the bypass recess 11 and the bypass hole formed in the side block 5 communicate with each other, and the refrigerant gas in the compression working chamber is bypassed to the suction chamber side through the bypass hole. As a result, the capacity of the compression work chamber is reduced,
Only the reduced amount is compressed.

Explaining the flow of the refrigerant gas of the variable capacity type gas compressor configured as described above, the refrigerant gas on the suction side is as follows: first, during the initial suction stroke when the vane 8 is located in the cylinder chamber a and starts moving. Intake hole provided in the front head 3
It is introduced from 14 into the suction chamber 15, and further, as shown by the solid arrow A in FIG. 3, it is introduced into the intake passage 16 penetratingly formed in the cylinder block 4 via the communication hole 12 provided in the front side block 5. The air is sucked into the cylinder chamber a through the notches 17a and 17b provided on both sides of the intake passage 16.

Next, when the vane 8 rotates to enter the compression stroke, the compressed refrigerant gas passes through the discharge port 18a, the discharge valve 18b, the communication hole (not shown) provided in the rear side block 6, and then reaches the rear portion of the rear side block 6. Provided oil separator 19
After being separated from the oil, the oil is discharged from the rear space b of the casing 2 through the discharge holes 20 as shown by the broken line arrow B in FIG.

Further, since the pressure on the compression side is supplied to the vane pressure chamber 9b which is the bottom of the groove-shaped recess 9a of the rotor 9 through the groove 8a of the vane 8, the force that presses the vane 8 toward the cylinder chamber a, that is, the vane. Generate pressure. This applies a pressing force to the inner wall of the cylinder chamber a by the tip of the vane 8 to prevent the chattering phenomenon during the compression work.

According to the previous proposal, since the vane pressure is kept small until the pressure in the cylinder chamber increases, the vane wear is reduced, the vane life is extended, and the friction torque is small, so the driving torque can be reduced and the amount of heat generation is large. Therefore, it is possible to have an excellent effect such that the discharge gas temperature can be lowered because the amount is small.

<Problems to be solved by the invention> However, in the previously proposed gas compressor, when the tip of the vane is located near the discharge port, the groove of the vane completely penetrates into the groove-shaped recess provided in the rotor. Since the structure is such that the communication between the cylinder chamber and the vane pressure chamber is cut off, at the beginning of the suction stroke, the vane pressure chamber increases in volume at the position where it does not communicate with the vane pressure chamber and the vane pressure chamber increases. The gas in the pressure chamber expands, and the pressure in the vane pressure chamber becomes lower than the suction pressure in the cylinder chamber at the start of compression or at a low compression ratio. When the pressure in the vane pressure chamber is lower than the suction pressure in the cylinder chamber, the vane stops its projecting operation at a position where the groove provided in the vane does not communicate with the cylinder chamber (state indicated by a chain double-dashed line in FIG. 4). There was a problem that the gas could not be compressed even if the vane rotated in that state.
In addition, since the vane pressure at the beginning of the suction stroke is unstable, chattering tends to occur.

<Means for Solving Problems> The present invention is made to solve the above problems, and includes a cylinder block having an inner peripheral substantially elliptic cylinder shape provided between side blocks on both sides, and A rotor provided with a grooved recess in the cylinder chamber formed by the cylinder block and the both side blocks in a radial direction, a vane inserted in the grooved recess so as to advance and retreat, and a rotation of the vane. In a rotary vane type gas compressor having a vertically elongated groove formed from just below the tip of the vane to reaching the lower end, the vane is formed in the side block and one opening is formed. Is opened at a position corresponding to the bottom of the groove-shaped recess, the other opening is directly opened to the intake side, and the vane is in the suction process and the groove-shaped recess is formed. When the bottom and the cylinder chamber are in the shut-off state, the bottom of the groove-shaped recess and the intake side are communicated with each other, and a communication hole is provided to allow the pressure on the intake side to directly act on the bottom of the groove-shaped recess. And

<Operation> According to the present invention, at the beginning of the suction step, the vane pressure chamber, which is the bottom of the groove-shaped recess, communicates with the suction side through the communication hole, and the suction side pressure directly acts on the vane pressure chamber. Therefore, the pressure in the vane pressure chamber does not become lower than the pressure in the cylinder chamber, and the pressures acting on the front and rear ends of the vane are the same on the intake side, and the balance of the pressures acting on the vanes is balanced. The vane protruding operation during the suction process is smoothly performed without stopping.

<< Embodiment >> An embodiment of the gas compressor according to the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the present embodiment, the same reference numerals are used for the same components as the conventional one, and the description of these components will be duplicated, so that only new portions will be assigned different reference numerals.

1 and 2 show an embodiment of a gas compressor according to the present invention, in which FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view thereof and FIG.
It is a sectional view taken along the line AA of the figure.

Reference numeral 21 in the drawing is a communication hole formed by a hole 21 'inclined in the rear side block 6 and a hole 21''penetrating horizontally, and one opening 21a of the communication hole 21 is a groove provided in the rotor 9. Located at the bottom of the concave portion 9a, that is, at the rotational position of the vane pressure chamber 9b, and when the vane tip 8'begins to be located in the cylinder chamber a and the suction process is started, or when the vane 8 is in the suction process and the vane pressure is high. When the chamber 9b and the cylinder chamber a are in a shut-off state, they communicate with the vane pressure chamber 9b, and the other opening 21b is opened to the intake passage 16 formed in the cylinder block 4. There is.

Therefore, when the rotor 9 rotates, the intake passage 16, that is, the intake side, communicates with the vane pressure chamber 9b through the communication hole 21. Therefore, the pressure in the vane pressure chamber 9b at the beginning of the suction stroke is equal to the pressure in the intake passage 16 which is the pressure on the suction side through the communication hole 21, and the vane 8 is smoothly projected by the centrifugal force generated by the rotation of the rotor 9. To do.

Further, as the rotation of the vane 8 progresses, the communication state between the vane pressure chamber 9b and the communication hole 21 is interrupted, and when the compression side pressure gradually increases, the pressure is transmitted to the vane pressure chamber 9b via the groove 8a. , The vane pressure increases gradually. This allows
The vane pressure is sufficiently high to withstand the compression work, and the chattering phenomenon is prevented. That is, the vane pressure acts so as to be low before the compression is started and high after the compression is started.

Since the control plate 10 does not bypass the refrigerant gas during low speed operation, the capacity of the compression side in the cylinder chamber a, that is, the compression working chamber becomes large, and the vane pressure rises quickly. On the other hand, during high-speed operation, the control plate drive means (not shown) rotates the control plate 10 by a predetermined angle according to the speed, the refrigerant gas is bypassed and the capacity of the compression working chamber is reduced, so that the vane 8 starts compression. The angle is correspondingly slower and the vane pressure rise is slower accordingly.

As described above, in the present embodiment, since the vane pressure chamber 9a and the intake passage 16 are communicated with each other at the beginning of the intake stroke, the pressure in the cylinder chamber a does not become lower than that in the vane pressure chamber 9a. , The pressure acting on the front end and the rear end of the vane 8 becomes the same pressure on the intake side, and the balance of the pressure acting on the vane 8 is balanced, so that the vane protruding operation during the suction process is smoothly performed without stopping. In addition, it is possible to prevent the compression failure and the chattering phenomenon due to the insufficient protrusion of the vanes.

Further, since the pressure on the compression side in the cylinder chamber a and the pressure in the vane pressure chamber 9b become the same due to the groove 8a provided in the vane 8 and this pressure causes the vane pressure, the friction torque is reduced before the compression is started. can do. Therefore, the vane is prevented from being worn and the driving power can be reduced.

Although the communication hole 21 is provided in the rear side block 6 in this embodiment, it may be provided in the front side block 5 in the case of a gas compressor not having the variable volume type without the control plate 10. Further, in this case, they may be provided on both side blocks 5 and 6.

<Effects of the Invention> As described above, in the gas compressor according to the present invention, the side block is provided with the communication hole, and the communication hole has the bottom of the groove-shaped recess and the cylinder when the vane is in the suction process. Since the bottom of the groove-shaped recess and the intake side are communicated with each other when the chamber is shut off, the pressure on the intake side is directly applied to the bottom of the groove-shaped recess. Since the vane pressure chamber, which is the bottom of the cylindrical recess, communicates with the suction side through the communication hole, and the pressure on the suction side directly acts on the vane pressure chamber as it is, the pressure in the vane pressure chamber becomes lower than the pressure in the cylinder chamber. In addition, the pressure acting on the tip and the rear end of the vane becomes the same pressure on the intake side, and the balance of the pressure acting on the vane is balanced, so that the vane protruding operation during the suction process does not stop smoothly. , This As a result, it is possible to prevent defective compression and chattering due to insufficient vane protrusion.

[Brief description of drawings]

1 and 2 show an embodiment of a gas compressor according to the present invention. FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view thereof, and FIG.
AA line sectional view, FIGS. 3 to 5 show a conventional gas compressor, FIG. 3 is a longitudinal sectional view thereof, and FIG. 4 is a view of FIG.
The BB line sectional view and FIG. 5 are perspective views of the vane. 1 ... Gas compressor main body 2 ... Casing 3 ... Front head 4 ... Cylinder block 5 ... Front side block 6 ... Rear side block 7 ... Rotor shaft 8 ... Vane 8a ... Groove 9 ... Rotor 9a ...... Groove recess 9b ...... Vane pressure chamber 10 ...... Control plate 11 ...... Bypass recess 12 ...... Communication hole 14 ...... Intake hole 15 ...... Intake chamber 16 ...... Intake passage 17a, 17b ...... Notch 18a Discharge port 18b Discharge valve 19 Oil separator 20 Discharge hole 21 Communication hole 22 Valve a Cylinder chamber

Claims (1)

[Scope of utility model registration request] 1. A cylinder block having an inner peripheral substantially elliptic cylinder shape provided between side blocks on both sides, and rotatably and radially having a groove shape in a cylinder chamber formed by the cylinder block and the both side blocks. A rotor provided with a concave portion, a vane inserted in the groove-shaped concave portion so as to be able to advance and retreat, and a longitudinally elongated vane which is provided on a surface of the vane in the rotation direction and extends from slightly below the tip of the vane to reach the lower end. In a rotary vane type gas compressor having a groove, while being formed in the side block, one opening is opened at a position corresponding to the bottom of the groove-like recess, and the other opening is directly on the intake side. When the bottom of the groove-shaped recess and the cylinder chamber are in the closed state when the vane is opened in the suction process, the bottom of the groove-shaped recess and the intake side are communicated with each other. Thus, the gas compressor is provided with a communication hole that allows the pressure on the intake side to directly act on the bottom of the groove-shaped recess.