JPH01224490A - Gas compressor - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To prevent compressed gas from being leaked and produce a gas compressor at a low cost by providing a chamber to which the gas compressed by rotating a vane is supplied at an end of the vane and attaching an apex seal slidably to the chamber. CONSTITUTION:Rotatably laid down in a cylinder a is a cylindrical rotor 8 to which five flat vanes 7 capable of retreating in the radius direction are attached. Each vane 7 has a guide member 10 which slides in a guide channel 9 and is provided with an apex seal 11 at its end. The apex seal 11 is slidably provided in a chamber 12 formed at the end of each vane 7 in the longitudinal direction. A gap, thus, is not formed between the apex seal 11 and the inner wall of the cylinder a, so that compressed gas is prevented from being leaked and a gas compressor is produced at a low cost.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (Field of Industrial Application) The present invention relates to a gas compressor, and more particularly, to a gas compressor suitable for car coolers and other relatively small-sized refrigeration devices.

(Summary of the Invention) The present invention absorbs the centrifugal force of the vane caused by the rotation of the rotor at the lower end of the vane, and the apex seal provided at the tip of the vane is applied to the cylinder chamber wall surface using compressed gas pressure or the pressure of the vane pressure chamber. It is designed to be pressed.

(Prior art) In a conventional rotary vane type gas compressor, a solid cylindrical rotor equipped with a plurality of vanes that can freely move forward and backward in the radial direction is mounted horizontally and rotatably in a cylinder chamber that has a substantially elliptical inner periphery. ing.

A compression work chamber is formed in a space with a crescent-shaped cross section surrounded by the cylinder inner wall and the solid cylindrical outer peripheral wall, and when the vane moves within this compression work chamber, gas (refrigerant gas) is sucked into the compression work chamber. The following vane acts to compress the gas sucked in by the previous vane.

At this time, the vane pressure is set so that the vane contacts the inner wall of the cylinder at a predetermined pressure in order to prevent the chilling phenomenon during compression work, and this pressure is generated using hydraulic pressure generated by the discharge gas pressure. There is.

In the gas compressor described above, as the rotation speed of the rotor increases, the vane pressure increases due to the centrifugal force of the vanes themselves in addition to the hydraulic pressure, and the cooling capacity increases due to the increase in discharge gas temperature due to heat generation. This results in disadvantages such as a decrease in performance, vane wear, and an increase in driving power.

In order to reduce the generation of such frictional torque as much as possible, it has been proposed to reduce the radial distance by absorbing the centrifugal force of the vane at the lower end of the vane (Japanese Patent Publication No. 5).
1-48883).

According to this proposal, a guide piece is provided at the lower end of the vane, this guide piece is supported by a guide groove provided in a side block, and an apex seal is provided at the tip of the vane.

(Problem to be Solved by the Invention) However, in the gas compressor proposed above, the guide piece provided at the lower end of the vane is slidably supported by the guide groove provided in the side block to reduce the centrifugal force of the vane. Therefore, if the shape of this guide groove is not made to correspond accurately to the shape of the cylinder inner wall, that is, to create a similar relationship, there will be a gap between the apex seal provided at the tip of the vane and the cylinder inner wall. This may cause compression leakage.

Therefore, in order to prevent such compression leakage, machining accuracy must be increased, resulting in a problem of high cost.

(Means for Solving the Problems) The present invention has been made to achieve the above object, and includes a cylinder block having a substantially elliptical inner cylindrical shape provided between a pair of side blocks, and a cylinder block having a substantially elliptical inner circumference. and a rotor horizontally suspended rotatably in a cylinder chamber formed by the side blocks, a vane installed in a vane groove provided in the rotor so as to be able to move forward and backward, and a vane installed in the side block at the lower end of the vane. In a rotary vane type gas compressor, the rotary vane type gas compressor has a guide piece that slides while being guided by a guide groove, and has an apex seal at the tip, and compresses gas sucked in from the intake side in a cylinder chamber and then discharges it. A storage chamber is provided at the tip of the vane to which compressed gas pressure generated by the rotation of the vane is supplied, and the apex seal is slidably attached to the storage chamber, and in the gas compressor, In place of the storage chamber to which compressed gas pressure is supplied, a storage chamber to which hydraulic pressure generated by discharged gas pressure is supplied is provided, and the apex seal is slidably attached to the storage chamber. is.

(Function) The present invention has the above-mentioned configuration, in which the centrifugal force of the vane caused by rotation of the rotor is received by the guide piece provided at the lower end of the vane by the guide groove provided in the side block, and the guide piece provided at the vane tip is received by the guide groove provided in the side block. Hydraulic pressure generated by compressed gas pressure or discharged gas pressure acts on the apex seal so that a pressing force is generated.

(Description of Embodiments) FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of a gas compressor according to the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along the line ■-■ in FIG. 1 and a front head 2 attached to the open end surface of the casing 1.

Inside the casing 1, there is a cylinder block 3 having a substantially elliptical inner circumference, and a front side block 4 and a rear side block 5 attached to both sides of the cylinder block 3.
In the cylinder chamber a, which has a substantially elliptical inner periphery and is formed by these side blocks, there are five flat blocks that are integral with the rotor shaft 6 and can move forward and backward in the radial direction of the rotor shaft 6. A solid cylindrical rotor 8 equipped with plate-shaped vanes 7 is horizontally suspended for free rotation.

Front side block 4 and rear side block 5
A guide groove 9 whose external shape is determined by the shape of the inner wall a of the cylinder chamber a is formed on the opposing side surfaces of the cylinder chamber a.

The vane 7 is attached to the rotor 8 through a vane groove 88 that extends around the rotor 8 in the direction of its rotational axis, has a cross section slightly larger than the cross section of the vane 7, and has a depth slightly larger than the height of the vane 7. This is done by providing a vane groove 8a and inserting the vane 7 into this vane groove 8a.

As shown in FIG. 3, the vane 7 has a guide piece 10 on both sides of its lower end that is rotated in the guide groove 9 that is formed integrally with the vane 7, and an apex seal 11 is provided at the tip of the guide piece 10. It is provided. This apex seal 11 is a storage chamber 1 formed in the longitudinal direction of the tip of the vane 7.
2 so that it can be opened and moved freely.

In the first invention shown in FIG. 4, the storage chamber 12 is maintained in communication with the cylinder chamber a. In other words, storage room 1
A groove 13 is provided in the side wall of the vane 2 in the direction of rotation (in the direction of the arrow in the figure). Therefore, when the vane 7 rotates in the direction of the arrow, the compressed gas pressure (compressed gas pressure) p+ flows through the groove 13 into the storage chamber 12. This gas pressure p) presses the apex seal 11 against the cylinder interior wall a'.

Although the groove 13 is provided in the storage chamber 12, it may be provided in the side wall surface of the apex seal 11 on the compression side.

In the second invention shown in FIG. 5, a communication hole 14 is provided to communicate the bottom of the storage chamber 12 and the lower end surface of the vane 7. Therefore, the vane pressure chamber 8b formed at the bottom of the vane groove 8a and the storage chamber 12 communicate with each other, and the hydraulic pressure po generated by the discharge gas pressure in the vane pressure chamber 8b is guided into the storage chamber 12 to guide the apex seal. 11 against the cylinder interior wall a-.

In addition, 15 in the figure is a pulley with a built-in electromagnetic clutch 16 provided at the tip of the rotor N16, which is connected to the engine shaft V.
It is connected by a foot (not shown) and a belt.

In the compressor configured in this way, when the rotor 8 rotates to start compressing gas, the vanes 7 move outward due to centrifugal force, and the centrifugal force is applied to the guide piece 10 provided on the vane 7. rotates while being received by guide grooves 9 provided in both side blocks 4 and 5.

Due to the rotation of the vane 7, gas on the suction side is introduced into the suction nozzle 18 from the suction hole 17 provided in the front head 2 during the initial suction stroke when the vane 7 is positioned in the cylinder chamber a and begins to move.

As roughly indicated by arrow A in FIG. Notches 21a, 21 provided in
It is sucked into the cylinder chamber a from b.

Next, when the vane 7 rotates and enters the compression stroke, the compressed refrigerant gas flows through the discharge port 22. The oil is supplied through the discharge valve 23 and through the communication hole provided in the rear side block 5 to the oil separator 24 provided at the back of the rear side block 5, where the oil is separated, as shown by the arrow in FIG. It reaches the rear space of the casing 1 and is further discharged to the outside through the discharge port 25.

In the invention shown in FIG. 4, the apex seal 11 is pressed outward by the increased compressed gas pressure p1 during the compression stroke, and its tip comes into contact with the cylinder interior wall a-. For this reason, the apex seal 11 and the cylinder interior wall a
Since there is no gap between the two parts, gas leakage (compression leakage) does not occur and the gas can be effectively compressed.

Also, since oil O for lubricating oil is stored in the rear space of the casing 1, this oil O is stored in the rear side block 5. Cylinder block 3. Oil flow holes 5a, 3a formed in the front side block 4, respectively.
4a to the rotor shaft 6 to perform a lubricating action, and the oil 0 that has performed this lubricating action is supplied to the rotor shaft 6.
The air is supplied to the vane pressure chamber 8b at the bottom of the vane groove 88 which is cut 8Q. Approximately 80% of the discharge gas is in this vane pressure chamber 8b.
Pressurized oil (hydraulic) is supplied at a pressure of %.

In the invention shown in FIG. 5, hydraulic pressure is generated in the storage chamber 12 from the vane pressure chamber 8b through the communication hole 14, presses the apex seal 11 outward, and its tip contacts the cylinder interior wall a-. .

For this reason, the apex seal 11 and the cylinder interior wall a-
Since there is no gap between the two, there is no compression leakage and the gas can be effectively compressed.

(Effects) As described above, in the invention according to claim 1 of the gas compressor according to the present invention, the apex seal provided at the tip of the vane is pressed against the inner wall of the cylinder by the compressed gas pressure. Therefore, there is no gap between the vane tip and the inner wall of the cylinder.

Further, in the invention as claimed in claim 2, since the apex seal provided at the vane tip is pressed against the cylinder interior wall by the hydraulic pressure generated by the discharge gas pressure, the vane tip and the cylinder interior There are no gaps between the wall and the wall.

Therefore, in the inventions of both claims, the shape of the guide groove that receives the centrifugal force of the vane does not need to be machined to correspond precisely to the shape of the inner wall of the cylinder, so it can be manufactured at a low cost.

In general, the inventions of both claims do not create a gap between the vane tip and the inner wall of the cylinder, so that effective gas compression without compression leakage is possible, and the centrifugal force generated in the vane is absorbed by the vane. Since it is supported at the lower end, the friction torque during high-speed rotation can be reduced and the gas can be effectively compressed, resulting in less driving power and improved fuel efficiency, as well as reducing the temperature before friction. Since the temperature can be lowered, the cooling effect can be improved.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

1 and 2 show an embodiment of the gas compressor according to the present invention, in which FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view thereof, FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along line I[-u in FIG. The figure is a perspective view of the vane, FIG. 4 is a side view of the vane according to claim 1, and FIG. 5 is a side view of the vane according to claim 2.
FIG. 3 is a side view of the described vane. 1...Casing 2...Front head 3...Cylinder block 4...Freon mill side block 5...
・Rear side block 7... Vane 8... Rotor 8a... Vane groove 8b... Vane pressure chamber 9... Guide groove 10... Guide piece 11...・Apex seal 12...Storage chamber 13...Groove 14...Communication hole 18...Intake (intake side) a...Cylinder chamber a'...Cylinder interior wall and above Patent application People Seiko Seiki Co., Ltd.

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A cylinder block with a substantially elliptical inner circumference provided between a pair of side blocks, a rotor horizontally suspended rotatably in a cylinder chamber formed by the cylinder block and both side blocks, and The vane has a vane mounted to be movable forward and backward in a vane groove provided, a guide piece at the lower end of the vane that slides while being guided by a guide groove provided in the side block, and an apex seal at the tip. , a rotary vane type gas compressor that compresses gas sucked in from the intake side in a cylinder chamber and then discharges the gas; A gas compressor, characterized in that the apex seal is slidably mounted in a storage chamber. 2. 2. The gas compressor according to claim 1, wherein a storage chamber to which hydraulic pressure generated by discharged gas pressure is supplied is provided in place of the storage chamber to which compressed gas pressure is supplied, and the apex seal is slidable in the storage chamber. A gas compressor characterized by being attached to.