JPH07331249A - Apparatus for producing smoked charcoal - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To provide a simple apparatus for readily charging a raw material and taking out a product. CONSTITUTION:This apparatus for producing smoked coal is capable of rotating a rotating shaft 4 freely rotatably supported on a machine frame 1 with a chain driving device 13, rotating a stirring means 12 in a trough 6, stirring a raw material, heating the trough 6 with a gas jetted from a burner 21 into a furnace body 19 and converting the raw material in the trough into the smoked coal. A waste gas is discharged with a gas discharging means 26. The trough 6 is freely rotatably supported on the rotating shaft 4. In discharging the coal, hooks (33a) are removed to cut off the gas discharging means 26 from the furnace body 19 and a wiring pipe of the burner 21 is removed to rotate an integrated assembly of the trough 6 with the furnace body 19, etc., through 180 deg. to open a lid 8. The raw material is charged into the trough 6 by opening the lid 8 in the state shown in the figure.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a coal coal manufacturing apparatus.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Rice husks, sawdust, twigs (with green leaves),
A large amount of wood residue is generated, but a little used part is discarded or incinerated.

As the number of parks has increased due to the efforts of urban greening over the last calendar year and the trees have grown as the number of years elapsed since the parks have been installed grows, a large number of twigs can be maintained by taking care of them. Is occurring. This twig was transported to an incinerator for household waste, etc., which is managed by a municipal entity, and incinerated, but recently, the incineration of household waste alone may exceed the capacity of an incinerator. Therefore, it is transported to a landfill site for landfill treatment.

When the landfill treatment is performed as described above, the landfill site is usually far away, and the vehicle is loaded with vehicles in the city area, which causes various harmful effects and the twigs are bulky. . For this reason, it has been proposed that some parks should self-process, and some have implemented it.

As a method for treating the twigs generated in this park, there are a method of incineration and a method of recycling the twigs into charcoal. According to the method of incineration, residual ash is easily scattered,
Since it is difficult to dispose of it, the above-mentioned method of making charcoal for reuse is drawing attention.

The method of making twigs into charcoal is based on a charcoal making apparatus in which twigs are put in a trough and then burnt.

The conventional example of the coal charcoal production apparatus is (1) Shokai Sho 6
2-170745 (2) JP-A-61-209293
Publication (3) Actual exploitation 3-34046 Publication (4) Actual exploitation 3-
Japanese Unexamined Patent Application Publication No. 96-33948 (5) Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 4-65484.

The above-mentioned (1) Japanese Utility Model Laid-Open No. 62-170745 discloses "Kun charcoal kiln automatic fire extinguisher".
Ignite from the top and cover the body with a canopy. Exhaust smoke from the chimney on the lid.

The above-mentioned (2) Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 61-209293 discloses "a method for producing biogas and smoldering charcoal", which comprises a compression device also serving as a raw material feeding device and an indirect heating furnace. A biogas collection and treatment device is provided, and the raw material is supplied to a compression device and, after compression, sent to a pyrolysis tube of an indirect heating furnace. Then, the charcoal is discharged from the outlet end of the pyrolysis tube having a reduced diameter.

The above-mentioned (3) Japanese Utility Model Laid-Open No. 3-34046 discloses an apparatus for producing coal charcoal which is rotatable by horizontal shafts parallel to both ends of a trough horizontally arranged in a cross section. The sprocket wheel is supported by a sprocket wheel, a pair of sprocket wheels at either one or both ends is connected to a rotary motor, and endless chains with adapters are hung side by side between the sprocket wheels on both sides on the same side. Both ends of the scraper in the crossing direction with respect to the advancing direction are attached to each chain, the raw material inlet is provided on one side of the trough, and the charcoal outlet is provided on the other side, and the combustion device is arranged under the trough. .

Further, in the above structure, the combustion apparatus is provided with a furnace body having a trough lower plate as a heat exchanging member on the upper surface and a furnace wall having a closed lower surface and four side four sides, and supplies air and fuel into the furnace body. A burner, a means for discharging combustion gas in the furnace body, a suction port communicated with the trough, a discharge port is piped to communicate with the furnace body, a means for feeding the exhaust gas in the trough into the furnace body, The installed features and the coal coal outlet are in the shape of a slanted cylinder, the upper part communicates with the trough, the lower part has a discharge pipe that is open, and the cooling device for cooling the coal in the discharge pipe is provided on the outer periphery of the discharge pipe. The opening at the lower part of the trough has a surface which is vertical or inclined toward the outside, and is provided with a lid which is rotatably supported by a horizontal axis at the upper part of the opening and closes the opening.

In the above (4) Japanese Utility Model Laid-Open No. 3-96339, a sprocket wheel is rotatably supported by horizontal shafts parallel to both ends of a trough which is rectangular in cross section and arranged laterally. A horizontal shaft that supports a pair of sprocket wheels at one end or both ends is connected to a rotating prime mover, and endless chains with adapters are hung side by side between the sprocket wheels at both ends on the same side. Both ends of the scraper in the cross direction are attached to each chain, the raw material inlet is provided on one side of the trough, and the charcoal outlet is provided on the other side.
An electric heating device is arranged in the lower part of the trough, and the rear part of the raw material conveying means whose outlet is aligned with the raw material feeding port in the upper part of the trough is overlapped with the trough top plate as a common member. An inlet is provided on the inlet, and a hopper for charging the raw material is provided on the inlet, and the middle part is a cylindrical conveyor case obliquely installed in a direction ascending from the horizontal part toward the rear part. An endless chain is movably provided, a drive device for the endless chain is provided, and a coal charcoal manufacturing apparatus in which a trough and a conveyor case of a portion overlapping the trough are covered with a heat insulating material, and a nonflammable gas having a specific gravity higher than that of air are provided. Equipped with a stored incombustible gas supply device, equipped with a container-like coal storage container that can receive the coal discharged from the coal outlet.
The container is characterized in that the upper part thereof is opened so that the coal can be charged, and that the coal coal producing device equipped with the coal discharging device communicating with the non-combustible gas supply device through the gas supply pipe is featured. In the manufacturing apparatus, wheels are provided in the coal-coal storage container to form a trolley, and the coal-coal storage container and the gas supply pipe are connected by a detachable joint.

The above-mentioned (5) Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 4-65484 discloses an apparatus for producing coal charcoal, which is equipped with a screw which is rotationally driven in a trough which has a circular cross section and which is arranged in a lateral direction. On the other hand, a charcoal outlet is provided, a heating device is provided below the trough, and the screw has many chain support members reaching the spiral line so that the chain support portion is on the spiral line centering on the rotary shaft. The invention is characterized in that a chain, which is loosely arranged substantially along the spiral line, is attached to the chain support portion of the support member, and a transportation means for moving the processed material in the trough, In a coal-cooking machine with a raw material inlet on one side and a coal-coal outlet on the other, and a heating device for the processed material in the trough outside the trough, it is generated from the processed material in the trough. Equipped with a blower for sucking the gas, and a discharge pipe for guiding and discharging the sucked gas of the blower to the vicinity of the heating device so that the gas can be ignited and burned by the heating device.The blower sucks a part of the gas generated from the processed material. In the latter invention, the blower is connected to a variable speed electric motor, and the raw material is introduced from the trough inlet or the trough inlet,
It is described that a humidity sensor is provided on the upstream side, and the variable speed electric motor is controlled by the humidity sensor via a control device.

[0014]

Among the above-mentioned conventional examples
(2) Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 61-209293 (3) Actual Kaihei 3-3
No. 4046 (4) Japanese Utility Model Laid-Open No. 3-96339 (5) Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 4-65484 is an apparatus capable of continuous production.

In order to enable continuous production of these, a raw material feeding device is provided.

That is, in the above (2), the raw material descending from the hopper outlet is fed by a reciprocating plunger into a horizontally arranged cylinder, which is inserted through the heating furnace and pyrolyzed in the heating furnace. Has become. Then, the smoldering charcoal is discharged from the outlet end of the cylinder. For this reason, the plunger is driven by the crank device, but a complicated control device is required because the compression load of the raw material in the cylinder needs to be adjusted, and heat is transferred from the pyrolysis tube in the heating furnace to both sides of the tube by heat transfer. To prevent the combustion of feedstock, charcoal, and product combustion,
Both sides of the pyrolysis tube are water cooled. Thus, the above conventional example
(2) has a complicated configuration.

In the above-mentioned conventional example (3), the raw material inlet is provided on one side of the trough, and the charcoal outlet is provided on the other side of the trough, and the raw material is introduced into the trough on both sides of the start and end of the feed. Since the chain with the adapter is hung on the sprocket and the scrapers are attached to the adapters on both sides, the configuration is complicated.In practice, it is easy to inspect the trough large enough for maintenance inspection of the transportation means in the trough, and parts replacement It must be provided with possible openings, the device is large and the cost is difficult to reduce. Further, if a blower is provided as a means for feeding the gas generated in the trough into the furnace body, the complexity is further increased and the cost is increased. Further, since the coal char outlet is provided with a means for cooling the charcoal, water pipes are required, resulting in an increase in cost.

In the above-mentioned conventional example (4), a raw material inlet is provided on one side of the trough, and a charcoal outlet is provided on the other side, and adapters are provided as sprockets on both sides of the start and the end of the feed as means for conveying the raw material in the trough. Since the attached chain is hung, the scrapers are attached to the adapters on both sides, and the material conveying means is provided on the trough in a stacked manner, the apparatus is large and complicated, and cost reduction is difficult. In addition, connecting the non-combustible gas supply device to the charcoal storage container further increases the configuration and further increases the cost. Furthermore, providing wheels on the charcoal storage container to make it movable and to attach a detachable joint to the non-combustible gas supply pipe is even better. The cost increases.

In the above-mentioned conventional example (5), since one rotary shaft is inserted into the trough provided with the raw material inlet and the coal-coal outlet, the chain is arranged substantially spirally around the rotary shaft, so that the structure is complicated. It can be costly. Also, conventional example
The second invention described in (5) is provided with a blower for sucking gas generated from the treated material in the trough, and since the gas is guided to the vicinity of the heating device by the blower, it is attached to the coal-coal manufacturing apparatus. This causes a cost increase. Further, according to the third invention described in the above-mentioned conventional example (5), since the variable speed electric motor for driving the blower is controlled by the humidity sensor in the second invention, the cost is further increased.

Although the above-mentioned conventional examples (3) to (5) each have their own characteristics and produce respective unique effects, continuous production is possible, and therefore, there is a demand for a coal-coal manufacturing apparatus having a large processing capacity. Can be fully answered.

However, although the number of city parks has increased, there are many small parks. Twigs that occur in such small parks,
There are relatively few scraps from the lawn, and the above conventional example (2)-
Capital investment cost is too large for the coal-cooking machine shown in (5). The problem is that the operating rate is too low.

Here, the prior art example (1), actual development 62-17074
The "Kun coal kiln automatic fire extinguishing device" disclosed in Japanese Patent No. 5 is for producing badges and has a simple structure. However, since it is self-combusting without using fuel, only fairly dry raw materials are used. That is, in the case of twigs, grass cuttings, etc., it is difficult to consolidate in order to cause self-combustion.
It is not suitable because the ratio of water content varies greatly.
In addition, in order to assist self-combustion, there are those that heat the inside of the raw material by direct flame to perform smoldering, but it is difficult to control heating and there is a risk of burning the raw material without burning it. It's big, and some of the ingredients are always ash. Also, conventional example
In (1), the exhaust gas generated when the raw material is smoldered is directly emitted into the air, but there is a drawback that the exhaust gas has an extremely strong odor regardless of the raw material used. Although the odor of the exhaust gas can be deodorized by a deodorizing device, the exhaust gas containing tar contains a tar component, and therefore, the tar component must be sufficiently removed to be sent to the deodorizing device, which requires a large-scale device. Also, the activated carbon used in the deodorizer has a very short life at high temperatures, so it is necessary to sufficiently cool the exhaust gas sent to the deodorizer, the cooling device has a large capacity, and the entire device is large-scale and expensive. Will end up.

In such a batch production method, it is difficult and time-consuming to put the raw material into the apparatus and to take out the charcoal. When the batch production method is used, how to supply the raw material and take out the product should be considered. Issues arise.

The present invention is suitable for smoldering twigs having a relatively small capacity, but it is also possible to smolder other raw materials for producing peat charcoal, and an object thereof is to provide an inexpensive peat charcoal production apparatus having a simple structure. To do.

In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, another object of the present invention is to provide a coal charcoal manufacturing apparatus having a stirring means in a trough for indirect heating, which facilitates charging of raw materials and removal of charcoal. The purpose is to provide.

The raw materials for producing peat charcoal have different water contents, and in a peat coal producing apparatus capable of continuous production, it can be dealt with by changing the feed rate of the raw material during processing. In the coal-manufacturing equipment that uses batch production, the raw material being processed remains in the trough until it becomes coal-coal. Therefore, a raw material with a high water content, such as a twig with green leaves, consumes a large amount of heat due to the evaporation of the water content, causing a large energy loss and making it difficult to understand the water content of the twigs. It is difficult to grasp the time.

An object of the present invention is to provide an apparatus for producing coal coal which consumes less energy even when a raw material having a large water content is used.

[0028]

A first aspect of the present invention is to provide a horizontal rotary shaft whose both ends are rotatably supported by a machine frame, and a raw material and a product which are rotatably attached to the rotary shaft and which are attached to the upper part. A trough capable of taking a position in which the loading outlet faces upward and a position in which the loading outlet faces downward by rotating.
A lid for opening and closing the charging / discharging port, a stirring means for the raw material fixed to the rotary shaft in the trough, a driving means for the rotary shaft, a furnace body having the trough fixed to the trough as a heat transfer wall, and a furnace An apparatus for producing coal charcoal, comprising a burner attached to a body and an exhaust means for discharging combustion gas in a furnace body.

The second aspect of the present invention is characterized in that the discharge means for discharging the combustion gas in the furnace body is provided so as to be engageable with and disengageable from the furnace body. It is a manufacturing device.

A third aspect of the present invention is a coal-coal manufacturing apparatus including a furnace body for heating a raw material in a trough from the outside of the trough, and an exhaust means for exhausting combustion gas in the furnace body. With respect to the above flow, the coal coal manufacturing apparatus is characterized in that it is provided with an exhaust pipe for discharging exhaust gas to the atmosphere and an exhaust gas introducing duct for sending exhaust gas to a dryer for drying raw materials.

A fourth aspect of the present invention is characterized in that an atmosphere introducing pipe for introducing the atmosphere into the exhaust introducing duct is provided.
An apparatus for producing coal-based coal according to the invention.

The fifth aspect of the present invention is to introduce the smoldering gas generated by heating the raw material in the trough from the outside of the trough to the distillation tank and send the smoldering gas which has not been liquefied in the distillation tank into the furnace body. An apparatus for producing charcoal that is configured to be burned includes a smoldering gas feed passage for feeding to a negative pressure portion in a combustion cylinder of a burner attached in a furnace body.

A sixth aspect of the present invention is a coal charcoal producing apparatus having a furnace body below and a trough for putting the raw material on it for smoldering, and an inlet for the raw material at the upper part of the trough. A guide rail provided on the frame, a raw material supply container having a guide member guided by the guide rail, and a cargo handling machine using a winding medium such as a hoist attached to the machine frame. The medium is connected to the raw material supply container, and the raw material supply container is capable of taking a low position in which the raw material is loaded with the opening facing upward and a high position in which the raw material is supplied sideways to the trough. Suru-kun charcoal production equipment.

In a seventh aspect of the present invention, the guide member is a plurality of rollers, and the rollers other than the roller positioned at the uppermost position in the lower position where the raw material is loaded with the opening facing upward are not provided on the guide rail. A sixth feature of the present invention is that the stopper is provided on the guide rail for restraining the roller located at the uppermost part of the container at the high position of the raw material supply container, and the roller can be rotated about this roller and laid down sideways. It is a coal-coal manufacturing apparatus described in the invention.

An eighth invention of the present invention is the coal coal manufacturing apparatus according to the first invention, wherein the winding medium of the cargo handling machine has a raw material supply container at the unwinding tip, and a trough and a furnace body integrated with each other. A sixth or a seventh invention, characterized in that a hook for selectively engaging and disengaging the article is provided, and the cargo handling machine also serves as a means for rotating an integrated article of the trough and the furnace body about a rotation axis. The coal charcoal production apparatus described in 1.

[0036]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

[Embodiment 1] FIGS. 1 and 2 are vertical cross-sectional views of the entire apparatus taken along cross sections perpendicular to each other. The machine frame 1 is rigidly connected between the side frames 1A by a horizontal beam 1b and a floor beam 1c. Side frame 1A
The front part has a closed shape with a front frame that rises vertically and is bent obliquely rearward and rearward. A middle beam 1d is provided between the front and rear of the side frame 1A. A guide rail 2 having the same shape as the front frame of the side frame 1A is provided between the side frames 1A on both sides of the lateral beam 1A.
b and the front and rear floor beams 1c (2 in FIG. 1)
Shown with a dotted line). The guide rail 2 is provided outside the locus of movement of an integral body such as the trough 6 and the heating means 18.

A rotary shaft bearing 3 is fixed to an intermediate beam 1d provided on the side frame 1A of the machine frame 1, and a horizontal rotary shaft 4 is supported by the bearing 3. In this example, the bearing 3 is a pillow block containing a ball bearing.

A trough supporting bearing 5 is fitted on the rotary shaft 4, and a bracket 6d of the trough 6 is fixed to the bearing 5. The bearing 5 is a ball bearing-containing bearing in this example. The trough 6 is hollow, having end plates 6b at both ends of a cylindrical body 6a, and has a charging port 6c for charging a raw material and taking out a product in the upper part. This inlet / outlet 6c
Is rectangular when viewed from above, and a lid 8 is provided on one side parallel to the rotary shaft 4 with a hinge 7 for opening and closing the loading / unloading port 6c. A heat resistant packing 8a is attached to the lid 8 to press the edge of the loading / unloading port 6c. The trough 6 is provided with a locking device 9 for pressing the lid 8 when the lid 8 is closed. The trough supporting bearing 5 is separated from the end plate 6b of the trough 6 in order to prevent the trough supporting bearing 5 from being heated by the temperature rise in the trough 6. For this reason, the bracket 6d is fixed to the end plate 6b, and the trough support bearing 5 is fixed to the bracket 6d. At a portion of the trough 6 where the rotary shaft 4 penetrates the end plate 6b, a heat-resistant packing 11 is held by the end plate 6b to seal the shaft between the rotary shaft 4 and the end plate 6b. Trough 6 in the above
Is made of a heat-resistant alloy plate, for example, a heat-resistant chrome steel plate.

In the trough 6, the rotating shaft 4 is provided with a stirring means 12 for stirring the raw material charged into the trough 6. The stirring means 12 is, for example, a large number of blades fixed in the rotary shaft 4 in the radial direction from the rotary shaft 4. Driving means are provided for rotating the rotary shaft 4. The driving means is an electric drive device 13 by chain transmission, and a chain 17 is provided between a chain wheel 15 fixed to an output shaft of a reduction motor 14 fixed to a machine frame 1 and a chain wheel 16 fixed to a rotary shaft 4. It hangs.

Heating means 18 for transferring heat to the lower side of the trough 6.
Is provided. The heating means 18 includes a furnace body 19, a burner 21 attached to the furnace body 19, and an exhaust means 26. Furnace body 19
It is arranged on the lower side of the trough 6 in the state where the smoldering is performed, and it is almost the trough 6 except around the inlet 6c of the trough 6.
Covers the torso portion 6a. As the burner 21, for example, a propane gas burner, a city gas burner, a heavy oil burner, a kerosene burner, or the like which is used by gasifying a gas or liquid fuel is suitable, but in the present example, it is a propane gas burner.

As shown in FIG. 3, the burner 21 itself has a blower 21a, a combustion device (not shown), and a blow pipe (also referred to as a combustion cylinder) 21b, which is well known, and a description thereof will be omitted. An electric wire 23 is connected to the blower 21a via a connector 22, and electric power is supplied to the electric motor, spark plug, etc. of the blower 21a through the electric wire 23 and the connector 22.

A combustion supply pipe 25, which is a flexible pipe, is connected to the combustion device of the burner 21 via a one-touch joint 24. The fuel supply pipe 25 is connected to a propane gas cylinder via a regulator (not shown).

As shown in FIG. 1, the exhaust means 26 is branched from an exhaust base pipe 26a communicating with the furnace body 1 and is an upright exhaust pipe 2.
6b and an exhaust introduction duct 26c for guiding the drying gas to the raw material dryer 28. Exhaust pipe 26b, exhaust introduction duct 2
6c includes dampers 27b and 27c for adjusting the exhaust passage area.
Is equipped with. Also, the damper 27 of the exhaust introduction duct 26c
An atmosphere introducing port for introducing the atmosphere is provided by an atmosphere introducing pipe 26d on the downstream side of c, and a damper 27d for adjusting the amount of air passing through the atmosphere introducing pipe 26d is provided in the atmosphere introducing pipe 26d. The exhaust means 26 is provided on the machine casing 1, for example, an exhaust pipe 26.
b is fixed.

In this example, the raw material dryer 28 also serves as a raw material supply container (reference numeral 28 is used for both).

The raw material supply container 28 is an open container and has a rectangular horizontal cross section. A partition plate 28a such as a net or a perforated plate is provided in parallel with the bottom of the raw material supply container 28 and spaced apart from the bottom, and the raw material is accommodated in the upper part thereof. An exhaust inlet 28b communicating with the space below the partition plate 28a is provided, and the exhaust inlet 28b and the exhaust introducing duct 26c are connected by a flexible tube 29 made of a heat resistant resin such as polyamide. The raw material supply container 28 is movable by a plurality of wheels 28c.

The exhaust base pipe 26a is detachable from the furnace body 19. Therefore, the furnace body 19 has both end plates at the same position as the end plate of the trough 6, but a cylindrical projecting portion 19a is provided from a part of the end plate on the opposite side of the end plate to which the burner 21 is attached, and at the end thereof. A ridged receiving member 19b having a key-shaped cross section is provided in the circumferential direction, and a latch 33a engaging with the receiving member 19b is provided on a disc 33b movably fitted into the exhaust base pipe 26a. Disk 33b
The sealing ring 34 is compressed between the end plate 19c of the protrusion 19a and the end plate 19c. This sealing ring 34 is heat resistant and has a disc 33b.
The end plate 19c at the end of the protruding portion 19a is fixed by adhesion. The latch 33a is, for example, a leaf spring, and the latch 1
When engaged with 9b, the disc 33b is pulled toward the end plate 19c to press the sealing ring 34.

As shown in FIG. 2, rollers 28d and 28e are attached to the side of the raw material supply container 28. Figure 4
FIG. 3 is an enlarged sectional view taken along line AA of FIG. The guide rail 2 is a lip groove type steel, and the roller 28d is rotatably pivotally attached to a shaft 28g fixed to an ear 28f fixed to the raw material supply container 28 and is housed in the guide rail 2. Laura 28
d is located on the outer side of the upper edge of the raw material supply container 28, and can be inserted into and removed from the guide rail 2 through a notch 2a provided in the flange of the guide rail 2. The roller 28e is located near the bottom of the raw material supply container 28. Like the roller 28d, the roller 28e is attached to a not-shown ear of the raw material supply container 28 and rolls on the outer side of the flange on one side of the guide rail 2. The notch 2a of the guide rail 2 is aligned with the roller 28d at the position where the raw material supply container 28 is shown by the solid line in FIG.

From the four corners of the upper edge of the raw material supply container 28, ropes 28h are gathered at one point and are connected by a ring 28i. A hook 3 with a stopper is attached to the ring 28i.
1a is detachable. The hook 31a is connected to a tip end of a rope 31b that is unrolled from a hoist 31 attached to the lateral beam 1b of the machine frame 1. The hook 31a is also detachable from the tip of the protruding portion 19a fixed to the furnace body 19.

As shown in FIG. 2, a smoldering gas discharge pipe 35 for discharging the smoldering gas generated in the trough 6 from the trough 6 to the distillation tank 39 is provided, and the upper portion of the distillation tank 39 and the blower pipe of the burner 21 are provided. A smoldering gas supply pipe 36 for connecting the negative pressure portion in 21b is provided. A nozzle 40 is connected to the tip of the smoldering gas supply pipe 36 as shown in FIG. The nozzle 40 is open to a negative pressure portion generated by the combustion gas flowing at a high speed in the blow pipe 21b.

The operation of the above configuration will be described. In the state of FIG. 2, the trough 6 is empty. Raw material supply container 28
There is a sprig of raw material inside. The burner 21 has not ignited, and the reduction motor 14 has stopped. First, the rope 31b of the hoist 31 is hooked on a guide wheel 38 rotatably provided on the machine frame 1, and the hook 31a is hooked on the ring 28i of the raw material supply container 28. Next, the locking device 9 for the lid 8 of the trough 6 is unlocked, and the lid 8 is rotated counterclockwise around the hinge 7 to the position shown by the chain double-dashed line in the figure.

When the next hoist 31 is wound up, the roller 28
d rolls on the flange on the inside of the guide rail 2, and the roller 28e rolls on the outside of the flange on the guide rail 2 and moves upward along the guide rail 2, and the guide wheel 3
Rope 31b moves upward from 8 and further rope 3
When 1b rolls up, stopper 3 provided on guide rail 2
The upper roller 28d hits 7. From now on, rope 3
1b is wound up, the raw material supply container 28 is rotated counterclockwise about the roller shaft 28g, and the lower roller 28 is rotated.
e is separated from the guide rail 2 and is located at the position indicated by the chain double-dashed line in the figure, and the inlet / outlet 6c of the trough 6 is located below the opening of the raw material supply container 28.

Here, the raw material in the raw material supply container 28 is dropped into the trough 6 through the charging / discharging port 6c of the trough 6 with a hand scraping rod or the like. When the operation is completed, the rope 31b is unrolled from the hoist 31, and the raw material supply container 28 rotates clockwise around the shaft 28g of the roller 28e, and the roller 28e contacts the guide rail 2. Roll out the roller 2 by continuing to pull out the rope 31b.
8d and 28e roll on the guide rail 2, and the raw material supply container 28 descends and lands on the floor as shown by the solid line in the figure. The lid 8 of the open trough 6 is closed, the locking device 9 is hung, and the trough 6 is sealed with the lid 8.

Here, the burner 21 is ignited and the reduction motor 14 is energized. When the reduction motor 14 is energized,
The chain wheel 15 rotates, the chain wheel 16 rotates via the chain 17, and the rotary shaft 4 rotates. Thereby, the stirring means 12 stirs the raw material. At this time, some of the rotational force of the stirring means 12 tries to rotate the trough 6 through the raw material, but the furnace body 19 is fixed to the machine frame 1 by the exhaust base pipe 2
It cannot rotate because it is connected to 6a. The raw material in the trough 6 is heated by the combustion gas from the burner 21 via the trough body 6a in a state where the air supply is cut off, and is burnt. The combustion gas of the burner 21 proceeds in the furnace body 19 from right to left in FIG. 1, passes through the exhaust base pipe 26a, and is split into the exhaust pipe 26b and the exhaust introduction duct 26c. The exhaust gas that has passed through the exhaust pipe 26b is discharged into the atmosphere. Further, the exhaust gas that has proceeded to the exhaust gas introduction duct 26c passes through the flexible pipe 29 and enters from the exhaust gas inlet port 28b to below the partition plate 28a of the raw material supply container 28 that also functions as a drier.
The raw material on a is dried by heating. In the above, the exhaust pipe 26
b, the flow rate of exhaust gas flowing into the exhaust gas introduction duct 26c is adjusted by the opening degrees of the dampers 27b and 27c provided therein. or,
In order to adjust the temperature of the exhaust gas supplied into the raw material supply container 28, the opening degree of the damper 27d provided in the air introduction pipe 26d is adjusted. This atmosphere introducing pipe 26d is an exhaust introducing duct 26c.
The air is merged with the exhaust gas so that the air flows in the direction of the flow, and is drawn into the exhaust gas flow by the effect of the ejector. By introducing the atmosphere from the atmosphere introducing pipe 26d, the exhaust temperature is lowered and the raw material in the raw material supply container 28 is prevented from being heated and ignited.

When the raw material in the trough 6 is smoldered, smoldering gas containing tar is generated. If this smoldering gas is directly discharged into the atmosphere, it pollutes the atmosphere. Therefore, in this example, the smoldering gas is guided to the distillation tank 39 through the outlet pipe 35, and the components of the smoldering gas that have been liquefied due to the temperature decrease here are accumulated at the bottom of the distillation tank 39, and the liquefied smoldering gas is It is sucked toward the nozzle 40 in the blower pipe 21b of the burner 21 through the smoldering gas supply pipe 36. Nozzle 40
Is opened to the negative pressure portion in the blow pipe 21b, and the nozzle 40 is oriented in the direction of the accompanying flow of the combustion gas of propane. Therefore, the smoldering gas is sucked from the distillation tank 39 without using a pump. it can. By doing so, the combustion state changes from unstable to stable and the pump becomes unnecessary, as compared with the case where the smoldering gas is sent into the combustion gas 2 after being blown out from the blower pipe 21b. .

Thus, when the predetermined time has passed, the trough 6
The raw material inside is Kun charcoal. At this point, the reduction motor 14 is stopped, the burner 21 is turned off, and natural cooling is allowed to wait. Then, the valve 34a provided in the pipe communicating with the bottom of the distillation tank 39 is opened to take out the tar component.

When the coal char in the trough 6 is cooled to such an extent that it does not self-combust, the hook 31a is hooked from the raw material supply container 28 to the projecting portion 19a of the furnace body. Then, the electrical wiring 23 is separated from the burner 21 by the connector 22, and the one-touch fitting 24
Then, the combustion supply pipe 25 is removed. Further, the latch 3 attached to the disc 33b that slides into the exhaust base pipe 26a of the exhaust means 26.
3a is removed from the metal plate 19b of the furnace body 19, the disc 33b is slid on the exhaust base pipe 26a, and the latch 33a and the like are separated from the furnace body 19. As a result, the integral body such as the trough 6 and the furnace body 19 can be rotated around the rotating shaft 4. When the hoist 31 is wound up, the rope 31b is pulled, and the hook 31a attached to the end of the rope 31b is pulled upward and the protruding portion 19a of the furnace body 19 is pulled up. It is supported by the bearing 5 around 4 and rotates clockwise in FIG. 2, and the lid 8 of the trough 6 comes to the lower side. In this state, when the hoist 31 is stopped and the locking device 9 is unlocked, the lid 8 pivots around the hinge 7 due to gravity and descends, and the inlet / outlet 6c of the trough 6 is opened downward, so that the trough 6 is closed. The charcoal is discharged through the charging / discharging outlet 6c. In addition, when it is difficult to take out the charcoal, the reduction motor 14 may be energized to rotate the stirring means 12.

After carbonization, the lid 8 is closed and the locking device 9 is hung to fix the lid 8 to the trough 6, and when the hoist 31 is wound down, the trough 6, the furnace body 19 and the like integrally rotate the rotary shaft 4. Rotate counterclockwise to the center and put the lid 8 on top of the furnace body 1 as shown in FIG.
9 comes down. Here, the hoist 31 is stopped, and the disc 33b is slid rightward on the exhaust base pipe 26a in FIG. 1 to press the airtight material 34, and the latch 33a is hooked on the receiver 19b of the furnace body. Further, the electric wiring 23 is connected to the burner 21 by the connector 22 shown in FIG. 3, and the burner 21 and the combustion supply pipe 25 are connected by the one-touch pipe joint 24.

Next, the flexible tube 29 and the raw material supply container 28 shown in FIG.
The exhaust inlet 28b is disconnected and replaced with the empty raw material supply container 28 shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 4, at the position AA in FIG. 2, the guide rail 2 is provided with a cutout 2a from the lip to the middle of the flange. Therefore, the roller 28d is moved in the direction of arrow A in FIGS. Then you can go in and out of the guide rail 2. Here, the protruding portion 1 of the furnace body 19
Remove the hook 31a hooked on 9a,
B is hooked on the guide wheel 38 and the hook 31a is hooked on the ring 28i.

In the above, the hoist may be a chain block. Also, when the twigs of the raw material are dry,
The raw material supply container 28 does not have to be connected to the exhaust gas introduction duct as a dryer.

[Second Embodiment] In the first embodiment, since the raw material supply container is guided along the machine frame, the installation floor area of the apparatus is large. When the raw material supply container is used as a drier or when a dedicated drier is connected to the exhaust gas introduction duct 26c, the installation area of the device is further increased.
The second embodiment is intended to improve the above points.

FIGS. 5 and 6 are longitudinal sectional views of the device at right angles to each other. The configuration of B-B and C-C and below indicated by the cross-section line of the machine casing 41 is the same as that of the first embodiment except for the exhaust means, and the description will not be repeated.

In the machine frame 41, four vertical frames 41b are erected at the corners of a four-sided floor frame 41a, and the tops thereof are connected by a four-sided upper frame 41c. A unitary member such as the trough 6 and the furnace body 19 is rotatably supported by the intermediate beam 1d between the vertical frames 41b. A horizontal beam 41d is provided between the front and rear vertical frames 41b, and a small beam 41e is provided between the front and rear horizontal beams 41d as shown in FIGS. A floor board 41f is stretched between the horizontal beam 41d and the small beam 41e on the right side of FIG.

A bracket 42 is fixed on the beam 41e, and a roller 43 is rotatably mounted on the bracket 42. The roller 43 on one side is fixed to the drive shaft 44,
The drive shaft 44 is a reduction motor 45 fixed on the floor 41f.
Are linked to.

The cylindrical drum 46 supported by the four rollers 43 is provided with an opening 46a, and a guide rail is provided along the circumferential direction of the drum 46 so that the cylindrical drum 46 slides in the central portion in the circumferential direction to open and close the opening 46a. 47 is provided, and a lid 48 following the circumferential direction of the drum 46 is movably engaged with the guide rail 47. The lid 48 is provided with a locking device (not shown) so as to be locked in the closed position.

The both end plates 46c and 46d of the drum 46 respectively have center holes 46e and 46f penetrating through the centers thereof. Rollers 57 and 58 are provided on brackets 49 and 51 fixed to the horizontal member 41g of the machine frame 41 so as to be rotatable and close to the end plates 46c and 46d of the drum 46, respectively. This roller 57,5
The axis 8 of the drum 8 is oriented in the radial direction of the drum 46, and rolls on the end plates 46c and 46d of the drum 46 in the circumferential direction of the end plates 46c and 46d.

The exhaust means 26 is fixed to the machine frame 1,
The exhaust base pipe 26a is curved and continuous to the exhaust pipe 26b, and the upper portion of the exhaust pipe 26b is curved and faces horizontally. The tip end of the exhaust pipe 26b is loosely inserted through the through hole 46e of the end plate 46c, and the tip end is placed in the drum 46. I'm out. The exhaust pipe 26a communicates with the outlet pipe 52 via the drum 46. The outlet pipe 52 fixed to the machine frame 1 is connected to the end plate 4 of the drum 46 from its inlet.
The center hole 46f of 6d is loosely inserted and rises by bending outside the drum 46. A heat-resistant exhaust fan 53 is provided in the outlet pipe 52. The fan 53 is driven by a winding transmission device 55 using a wire rope, an iron wire, a chain, or the like from an electric motor 54 fixed to the machine frame 1 outside the outlet pipe 52, in the direction of arrow B in the figure. It sucks out the exhaust gas.

The operation of the above configuration will be described. In the figure, the state in which the trough 6 and the drum 46 are filled with the twigs of the raw material will be described. The lid 8 of the trough 6 and the lid 48 of the drum 46 are closed. When the smoldering starts, the burner 21 is ignited, the reduction motors 14 and 45, and the electric motor 54 are respectively energized, and the raw material in the trough 6 is stirred and heated by the rotation of the rotary shaft 4, and the smoldering proceeds. The drive shaft 44 is rotated by the rotation of the reduction motor 45, the roller 43 fixed to the drive shaft 44 is rotated, and the drum 46 is rotated. Drive shaft 4
The roller 43 not fixed to the roller 4 rolls on the drum 46. The rotation of the drum 46 stirs or rotates the raw material twigs therein. The exhaust gas of the combustion gas in the furnace body 19 passes through the exhaust base pipe 26a and the exhaust pipe 26b between the twigs in the drum 46 to dry the twigs, and is exhausted through the outlet pipe 52. In order to overcome the exhaust resistance passing between the twigs, the exhaust fan 53 sucks the exhaust in the direction of arrow B in the figure.

When the raw material in the trough 6 becomes charcoal, the burner 21 is extinguished, the reduction motors 14 and 45 are deenergized, and the rotary shaft 4 and the drum 46 are stopped. Further, the electric motor 54 is deenergized and the fan 53 is stopped. At the time of this stop, the lid 48 of the drum 46
The speed reduction motor 45 is stopped in the downward direction (by manual push button operation or fixed position stop device). As for the trough 6, the wiring and piping of the burner 21 are removed, the exhaust base pipe 26a and the furnace body 19 are disengaged, the trough 6 is rotated 180 degrees, and the lid 8 of the trough 6 is removed. After facing down, open the lid 8 and take out the charcoal. Once the lid 8 is closed, the trough 6 is rotated 180 degrees to bring the lid 8 up, and the lid 8 is opened. Here, the exhaust base pipe 26a is connected to the furnace body 19 and wiring of the burner 21 is performed. In this state, when the lid 48 of the drum 46 facing downward is opened to drop the twigs of the dried raw material, the twigs enter into the trough 6 through the opening 6c of the opened trough 6. At this time, if the rotating shaft 4 is rotated and the stirring means 12 is gently rotated, the twigs of the raw material easily enter the trough 6. When the twigs are transferred to the trough 6, the lid 8 of the trough 6 is closed.

Next, the reduction motor 45 for rotating the drum 46
Drive and rotate the drum 46 180 degrees, the drum 46
The opening 46a of the above has come up and remains open. In this state, the raw material twigs are put into the drum 46. A hand or a shovel car is suitable for this input. Once drum 46 is filled with twigs, lid 48 is closed and locked.

[0071]

According to the first aspect of the present invention, a horizontal rotary shaft whose both ends are rotatably supported by a machine frame, and a feed port for raw materials and products which are rotatably attached to the rotary shaft and which are provided on the upper portion thereof. A trough capable of taking a position in which the feeding outlet faces upward and a position facing downward by rotating, a lid for opening and closing the feeding outlet, and a stirring means for stirring the raw material fixed to the rotating shaft in the trough. A rotary unit fixed to the trough and having a trough as a heat transfer wall; a burner attached to the furnace body; and an exhaust unit for discharging combustion gas in the furnace body. By rotating the trough and the furnace body as one unit on the shaft, the raw material and product input / exit ports can be positioned upward and downward, making it easy to input raw materials and take out products. effective. Further, since the stirring means for the raw material is fixed in the trough on the rotating shaft serving as the center of rotation of the trough, the whole apparatus is small in size and suitable for an apparatus for producing coal coal having a relatively small capacity.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the first aspect, the exhaust means for discharging the combustion gas in the furnace body is provided so as to be engageable with and disengageable from the furnace body. Despite this, the exhaust means does not need to use a flexible tube or a rotary joint, and the structure is simple.

A third aspect of the present invention is a coal-coal manufacturing apparatus that includes a furnace body for heating a raw material in a trough from the outside of the trough, and an exhaust means for exhausting combustion gas in the furnace body. Regarding the flow of, since the exhaust pipe for discharging the exhaust to the atmosphere and the exhaust introduction duct for sending the exhaust to the dryer for drying the raw material are provided, the raw material has a large moisture content, for example,
It is not necessary to prepare a separate heat source for the dryer to pre-dry twigs, lawn mowing debris, etc., or due to natural drying, there is a gap between the time of twig collection and the time of twig processing, and the work is interrupted and not continuous. Is avoided, and the exhaust gas is used for drying, and the raw material in the trough is in a dry state, which saves energy. If you explain in a little detail,
Since the trough uses indirect heating with the trough as the furnace wall, heat transfer from the trough furnace wall is used to reduce the humidity of the raw material with a large water content in the trough, so only some energy of the combustion gas is used and the rest It will be exhausted. This is because the exhaust gas is guided to the dryer, the energy to be discarded is used for drying, and the dried raw material is put into the trough, so that the trough does not have a heating step for drying the raw material. The dryer may be of a type in which exhaust gas is directly passed through the raw material for heating (example) or a type of heating via a heat transfer wall.

In the fourth aspect of the present invention, in the third aspect of the invention, since the air introducing port is provided in the exhaust introducing duct, the temperature of the exhaust introduced into the dryer can be lowered, and the exhaust gas is directly used as the raw material. It is possible to prevent the raw materials from being ignited and burned in the touch type dryer.

The fifth aspect of the present invention is to introduce the gas generated by heating the raw material in the trough to the distillation tank so that the gas that has not been liquefied in the distillation tank is placed in the combustion cylinder of the burner attached to the furnace body. Since the smoldering gas supply passage for sending to the pressure section is provided, the urging force for sending the smoldering gas generated in the trough is large, and the negative pressure section in the combustion cylinder of the burner is on the root side of the flame. Since the fuel gas and the smoldering gas are mixed well at the beginning of combustion, the flame is stabilized and the smoldering gas is completely burned.

A sixth aspect of the present invention is a coal charcoal production apparatus having a furnace body below and a trough for putting the raw material on it for smoldering, and a raw material charging port provided on the upper part of the trough. A guide rail provided on the frame, a raw material supply container having a guide member guided by the guide rail, and a cargo handling machine using a winding medium such as a hoist attached to the machine frame. The medium is connected to the raw material supply container so that the raw material supply container can take a low position in which the raw material is loaded with the opening facing upward and a high position in which the raw material is supplied to the trough. Raw materials can be put into the trough simply by pulling up the container with a cargo handling machine.

In a seventh aspect of the present invention based on the sixth aspect, the guide member is a plurality of rollers, excluding the uppermost roller at the lower position where the raw material having the openings facing upward is loaded. The rollers are not constrained by the guide rails, and the stoppers that stop the rollers located at the top of the container at the high position of the raw material supply container are provided on the guide rails, and the rollers can be rotated around this roller and laid down sideways. The raw material supply container does not remarkably incline during the movement of the supply container, and the raw material supply container can be largely tilted while the raw material supply container is stopped when transferring to the trough. Therefore, since the raw material supply position is constant, the transfer position from the raw material supply device to the trough does not vary.

An eighth invention of the present invention is the sixth or fifth invention, wherein the coal coal manufacturing apparatus has the configuration of the first invention,
The winding medium of the cargo handling machine is equipped with a raw material supply container at the unwinding tip and a hook that is selectively engageable with and disengageable from the trough and the furnace body. Since it also serves as a means for rotating around the rotating shaft, there is an effect that the raw material supply to the trough and the coal production from the trough can be performed by a simple cargo handling machine without using human power.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a vertical sectional view of a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a vertical sectional view perpendicular to FIG.

FIG. 3 is a side view showing a partial cross section of the burner.

FIG. 4 is an enlarged cross-sectional view taken along the line AA of FIG.

FIG. 5 is a vertical sectional view of a second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a vertical sectional view perpendicular to FIG.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Machine Frame 2 Guide Rail 3 Bearing 4 Rotating Shaft 5 Trough Support Bearing 6 Trough 8 Lid 12 Stirring Means 13 Drive Unit 19 Furnace 21 Burner 26 Exhaust Means 28 Raw Material Supply Container 31 Hoist 35 Burning Gas Outlet Pipe 36 Burning Gas Supply pipe 37 Stopper 39 Distillation tank 40 Nozzle 46 Cylindrical drum 52 Outlet pipe 53 Exhaust fan

Claims (8)

[Claims] 1. A horizontal rotation shaft having both ends rotatably supported by a machine frame, and a raw material and product loading / unloading port mounted on the rotation shaft so as to be rotatable. A trough that can take a position in which the charging outlet faces upward, a position facing downward, a lid that opens and closes the charging outlet, a stirring means for the raw material fixed to the rotating shaft in the trough,
The rotary shaft drive means, a furnace body fixed to the trough and having the trough as a heat transfer wall, a burner attached to the furnace body, and an exhaust means for discharging combustion gas in the furnace body, Suru-kun charcoal production equipment. 2. The coal coal manufacturing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the discharging means for discharging the combustion gas in the furnace body is provided so as to be detachable from the furnace body. 3. A coal coal manufacturing apparatus comprising a furnace body for heating a raw material in a trough from the outside of a trough, and an exhaust means for exhausting combustion gas in the furnace body, wherein the exhaust means relates to a flow of exhaust gas in the atmosphere. An apparatus for producing coal charcoal, comprising: an exhaust pipe for exhausting exhaust gas to an exhaust pipe; and an exhaust gas introduction duct for sending exhaust gas to a dryer for drying raw materials. 4. The coal-coal manufacturing apparatus according to claim 3, further comprising an atmosphere introducing pipe for introducing atmosphere into the exhaust introducing duct. 5. A smoldering gas, which is produced by heating the raw material in the trough from outside the trough, is introduced into a distillation tank, and the smoldering gas that has not been liquefied in the distillation tank is sent into the furnace for combustion. In the charcoal manufacturing device, a charcoal manufacturing device is provided with a smoldering gas supply passage for sending to a negative pressure portion in a combustion cylinder of a burner attached to a furnace body. 6. A guide rail provided on a machine frame in a coal charcoal manufacturing apparatus having a furnace body below and a trough for putting the raw material thereon to perform smoldering, and an inlet for the raw material provided at an upper portion of the trough. And a raw material supply container having a guide member guided by a guide rail, and a cargo handling machine that uses a winding medium such as a hoist attached to a machine frame. The winding medium of the cargo handling machine is used as a raw material supply container. An apparatus for manufacturing coal charcoal, characterized in that the raw material supply container can be connected to a low position where the raw material is loaded with the raw material having an opening facing upward and a high position when the raw material is fed to a trough. 7. The guide member is a plurality of rollers,
Rollers are unconstrained by the guide rails, except the roller located at the top in the lower position where the raw material is loaded with the opening facing upwards, and the roller located at the top of the container is restrained at the upper position of the raw material supply container. 7. The coal charcoal production apparatus according to claim 6, wherein a stopper is provided on the guide rail, and the roller is pivotable about the roller so that the roller can be laid sideways. 8. The coal-coal manufacturing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the winding medium of the cargo handling machine is selectively provided to a raw material supply container at an unwinding front end and an integrated body of a trough and a furnace body. 8. The coal charcoal manufacturing apparatus according to claim 6 or 7, further comprising a hook that can be engaged and disengaged, and the cargo handling machine also serves as a means for rotating an integrated body of the trough and the furnace body about a rotation axis.