JPH07320752A - Direct current hybrid power supply system - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To operate each d.c. power source under a stable condition and simplify a control process by connecting a first d.c. power unit and a second d.c. power unit in parallel and controlling in a constant value the output power of the first d.c. power unit. CONSTITUTION:A first d.c. power unit 2 which supplies d.c. power to which constant power control is conducted and a second d.c. power unit 5A comprising a storage battery unit are connected in parallel. By supplying d.c. power from the connecting point of the power unit 2 and the power unit 5A to a load, the power P1 supplied from the power unit 2 is made constant provided that a signal to correct information on a power value is not outputted from a output power level control signal generating device 27. A voltage value V1 outputted from the power unit 2 corresponds to current I1 supplied from the power unit 2 by a voltage value correcting signal supplied from a constant power control signal generating device 26 and has a drooping characteristic having a value following to equation V1-P1 (constant value)/I1. The unit is operated under a constant stable condition.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a fuel cell power generator,
The present invention relates to a DC hybrid power supply device including a plurality of DC power supplies including a storage battery device.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A number of application proposals have already been made for a DC hybrid power supply device including a plurality of DC power supplies including a fuel cell power generator and a storage battery device for supplying DC power. In these already proposed direct-current hybrid power supply devices, for example, the output side of the storage battery device and the output side of the fuel cell power generation device have their output voltage values controlled by charge / discharge control means, voltage control means, etc., respectively. The adjusted direct current output is used, or each direct current output is converted into alternating current and then combined. Further, in the case of a DC hybrid power supply device using a commercial power supply, a storage battery device in which the DC output voltage value of the commercial power supply is adjusted by a voltage control rectification device or the like, and then the output voltage value is adjusted by charge / discharge control means. I'm trying to combine with the output side of.

Further, in a DC hybrid power supply device incorporating a fuel cell power generator using a fuel gas obtained by reforming a hydrocarbon fuel such as natural gas, the DC output of the fuel cell power generator is used as a load. Since it is not possible to follow abrupt fluctuations, this fuel cell power generator is combined with a DC power supply such as a storage battery device or a rectified commercial power supply, and sudden fluctuations in the load can be increased from these DC power supplies. There has been proposed a DC hybrid power supply device including a fuel cell power generation device adapted to cope with a fluctuating load by temporarily supplying electric power.

As a direct-current hybrid power supply device which has been already proposed and proposed, the basic circuit of the power supply device disclosed in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 59-230434 is shown in FIG.
Shown in. In FIG. 7, 9 is a fuel cell power generator 6 and
This is a DC hybrid power supply device including diodes 91 and 93 and a voltage control rectification device 92. The DC power generated by the fuel cell power generator 6 is supplied to the load device 8 via the diode 91. The AC power supplied from the commercial power source 7 has its output voltage adjusted on the DC side by the voltage control rectifier 92, and then is matched with the DC power by the fuel cell power generator 6 via the diode 93 and the diode 91. And is supplied to the load device 8. In the DC hybrid power supply device 9, when the load is suddenly increased, the voltage control rectification device 92 is controlled so that the commercial power supply 7 can supply a sufficient amount of the DC power generated by the fuel cell power generation device 6.
I'm trying to back it up.

FIG. 8 shows an outline of a basic circuit of the power feeding device disclosed in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 3-40729. In FIG. 8, 9A is a DC hybrid power supply device including the fuel cell power generation device 6, the variable voltage D / D converter 94, and the rectifying device 95. The AC power supplied from the commercial power supply 7 is rectified by the rectifier 95, and is supplied to the load device 8 as a DC side voltage having a value according to the voltage of the commercial power supply 7.
Is supplied to. The DC power generated by the fuel cell power generator 6 is converted by the variable voltage D / D converter 94 into a DC voltage value slightly higher than the DC voltage value by the commercial power source 7, and then supplied to the load device 8.

In this DC hybrid power feeder 9A,
The DC power generated by the fuel cell power generator 6 is a variable voltage D
Since the / D converter 94 converts the DC voltage value to a value slightly higher than the DC voltage value from the commercial power source 7, when the load is slowly increased or decreased, the load device 8 is given priority over the DC power value from the commercial power source 7. Supplied to. Then, when the power value required by the load exceeds the power value generated by the fuel cell power generator 6, only the excess power is supplied from the commercial power supply 7. Further, when the power value required by the load sharply increases, the commercial power source 7 supplies power until the DC power value supplied from the fuel cell power generator 6 reaches the power value required by the load. ing.

Further, FIG. 9 shows an outline of a basic circuit of the power feeding device disclosed in Japanese Patent Application No. 2-291668. In FIG. 9, 9B detects the fuel cell power generator 6, the D / D converter 94A which is also a charge / discharge control means, the storage battery device 5, and the charge / discharge current of the storage battery device 5,
The current sensor 96 which gives a signal corresponding to the value to the D / D converter 94A and the voltage of the storage battery device 5 are detected,
The DC hybrid power supply device includes a voltage sensor 97 that gives a signal corresponding to the value to the D / D converter 94A.

In this DC hybrid power feeder 9B,
Since the DC power generated by the fuel cell power generator 6 is adjusted to a voltage value suitable for charging the load device 8 and the storage battery device 5 by the D / D converter 94A, when the load is slowly increased or decreased, The load device 8 is supplied with priority over the storage battery device 5. Then, when the power value required by the load exceeds the power value generated by the fuel cell power generation device 6, only the excess power is supplied from the storage battery device 5.
Further, when the power value required by the load sharply increases, it is supplied from the storage battery device 5 until the DC power value supplied from the fuel cell power generator 6 reaches the power value required by the load. The amount of electric power supplied from this storage battery device 5 is
It is calculated based on the data detected by the current sensor 96 and the voltage sensor 97, and the storage battery device 5 is controlled so as not to be over-discharged. In addition, the amount of electric power calculated by the current sensor 96 and the voltage sensor 97 and supplied by the storage battery device 5 is stored in the storage means, and the amount of electric power corresponding to this amount of electric power is stored in the load device 8. The storage battery device 5 is charged during the period when the required power value is low. The storage battery device 5 is appropriately charged by the DC power generated by the fuel cell power generation device 6 and via the D / D converter 94A so that the storage battery device 5 is not overcharged. .

[0009]

In the above-mentioned conventional DC hybrid power feeder, the fuel cell power generator 6 is used for one of the DC power sources, and the commercial power source 7 and the storage battery device 5 are combined to form the power feeder. by doing,
By covering the drawback that the fuel cell power generator cannot follow a rapid load change, it is possible to supply the electric power required by the load. However,
The following issues have been highlighted as problems. That is, (1) In the DC hybrid power supply device that uses the fuel cell power generator as the main DC power source, the fuel cell power generator mainly serves to supply output power according to the power value required by the load. Therefore, it is necessary to adjust the operating conditions (for example, the supply amount of the fuel gas to the fuel cell) corresponding to the change in the load. For this reason, the fuel cell power generator cannot always operate under its maximum efficiency condition, and therefore the operating efficiency of the DC hybrid power supply device is often lower than the maximum efficiency point. Has become.

Further, when supplying electric power to a load that fluctuates a lot, for example, the operating temperature of elemental devices constituting the fuel cell power generator must fluctuate according to the electric power value supplied to the load. Therefore, in order to perform stable operation of the fuel cell power generator, fine temperature control is required, and the control devices tend to be complicated, and it is necessary to improve the reliability of the fuel cell power generator. It is also a constraint.

(2) In the direct-current hybrid power supply device that uses the DC power obtained by rectifying the commercial power supply as the main DC power supply, the commercial power supply outputs the output power according to the power value required by the load. Since it is mainly responsible for supplying, the load consumes more power than planned,
If the contracted power for commercial power sources is exceeded, the electricity price will be increased at once on the electricity consumption side, and the electricity supply side will hinder the electricity supply plan. It will spread to the problem that it may cause

(3) In a DC hybrid power supply device using a solar cell power generator as a DC power source, the solar cell power generator has its operating voltage set to operate at the highest efficiency. The maximum output point is because the solar cell that is used is the operating voltage point that outputs the maximum electric power corresponding to the amount of solar radiation during operation. It is necessary to install a control device. This is a constraint condition for reducing the manufacturing cost of the DC hybrid power supply device.

(4) The storage battery device used as a backup power source for the main DC power supply is charged and discharged in order to prevent the storage battery device 5 from being damaged in an overcharged state or an overdischarged state. , A sensor such as a voltage sensor and a current sensor, and a control device that controls charging / discharging of the storage battery device 5 based on the outputs of these sensors (for example, when an independent charging / discharging control device is provided or a power supply used for charging). It may be integrated in a D / D converter or the like included in the above). This complicates the configuration of the DC hybrid power supply device and restricts the reduction of manufacturing cost.

(5) In the above (1) to (4),
We have mainly described the problems peculiar to each DC power supply used in a DC hybrid power supply. However, the DC hybrid power supply device also has a problem of operating a plurality of DC power supplies under the most appropriate conditions. That is, in order to operate each power supply under the most appropriate conditions, it is necessary to adjust the voltage and current values of each power supply. For this reason, many sensors and measurement devices and complicated control processes are required. And a control device having In addition, in order to operate each of the multiple DC power supplies under the most appropriate conditions, a device that centrally controls multiple DC power supplies, such as a central monitoring unit, is installed to support the power consumption of the load. Then, the power value to be output by each DC power supply may be calculated by this central monitoring device, and the operating conditions may be instructed to each DC power supply by this central monitoring device. This also complicates the structure of the DC hybrid power supply device and restricts the reduction of manufacturing cost.

The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned problems of the prior art, and an object thereof is to enable each DC power source to operate under stable conditions and to simplify the control process. It is to provide a possible DC hybrid power supply device.

[0016]

In the present invention, the above-mentioned objects are as follows: 1) DC power supply supplied from a DC power supply or a rectifier connected to an AC power supply, and DC power supply supplied from this DC power supply. / DC conversion means, storage means for storing information on the electric power value to be output by the DC / DC conversion means, and signals regarding the values of voltage and current output by the DC / DC conversion means are input and these voltages are input. Constant power control for giving a signal to the DC / DC converting means for correcting the value of the voltage output from the DC / DC converting means so that the product of the value and the current value matches the power value stored in the storing means. When a signal relating to the value of the voltage output from the signal generator and the DC / DC converting means is input, and when the value of this voltage reaches the allowable upper limit voltage value, information of the electric power value stored in the storing means is displayed. value When the value of this voltage reaches the allowable lower limit voltage value, the storage means is given a signal for modifying the information on the power value so as to increase the value of the information on the power value stored by the storage means. An output power level control signal generating device, and a first direct current power supply device for supplying direct current power having a constant power value control, and an output end of the first direct current power supply device, or a parallel connection to each other at its output end. And a second direct current power supply device comprising a storage battery device connected in parallel to a connection point between the two or more first direct current power supply devices, the connection between the first direct current power supply device and the second direct current power supply device Or 2) In the means described in the above item 1, the storage battery device included in the second DC power supply device has a terminal voltage value during floating charging that is an allowable upper limit voltage. Equal to value Value, and the discharge end voltage is set to a value equivalent to the allowable lower limit voltage value, or 3) in the means described in 1 or 2 above, the second DC power supply device is When the charge current value to the storage battery device and / or the discharge current value from the storage battery device is detected, and the charge current to the storage battery device and / or the discharge current from the storage battery device reaches the allowable upper limit current value, the storage means In order to revise the value of the information about the electric power value stored in the storage device, a configuration is provided that includes an energization state monitoring device that gives a signal for correcting the information about the electric power value to the storage means, or 4) The above items 1 to 3 In any one of the means, the second DC power supply device includes a solar battery power generator connected in parallel to the storage battery device, and the solar battery power generator has an upper limit voltage value that is an allowable upper limit voltage. Value, and the lower limit voltage value thereof is set to an allowable lower limit voltage value, or 5) the first DC power supply device according to any one of items 1 to 4 above. A voltage reducing means is provided between the connection point of the second DC power supply device and the load,
Or 6) a DC power supply supplied from a DC power supply or a rectifier connected to an AC power supply, a DC / DC conversion unit receiving DC power from the DC power supply, and power to be output by the DC / DC conversion unit. A storage means for storing information about the value and a signal for the voltage and current values output by the DC / DC converting means are input, and the product of these voltage value and current value is stored in the storage means. A constant power control signal generating device for giving a signal for correcting the value of the voltage output from the DC / DC converting means to the DC / DC converting means so as to match the power value, and a value of the voltage output by the DC / DC converting means. When the value of this voltage reaches the allowable upper limit voltage value, the value of the information about the power value stored in the storage means is decreased so that the value of this voltage reaches the allowable lower limit voltage value. Shi In this case, the storage means has an output power level control signal generating device for giving a signal for modifying the information on the power value to the storage means so as to increase the value of the information on the power value stored in the storage means. A first direct-current power supply device for supplying controlled direct-current power, and an output terminal of the first direct-current power supply device, or a connection point between two or more first direct-current power supply devices connected in parallel at their output ends. And a second DC power supply device composed of storage battery devices connected in parallel with each other, the storage battery device having a terminal voltage value during floating charging set to a value exceeding the allowable upper limit voltage value and discharging the same. The final voltage is set to a value equal to the above-mentioned allowable lower limit voltage value, and a voltage reduction means is provided between the connection point of the first DC power supply device and the second DC power supply device and the load, and this voltage From reducing means to load 7) A structure for supplying DC power, or 7) In the means described in 5 or 6 above, the voltage reducing means is one or two in which an anode is arranged on the connection point side and a cathode is arranged on the load side. 8. A structure including a diode device in which the above diode elements are connected in series with each other and a switchgear connected in parallel to the diode device, or 8) any one of the items 1 to 7 The means for providing an output power level control signal generating device provided in at least a part of the first DC power supply device according to claim 1, The upper limit voltage value and / or the allowable lower limit voltage value is compared with the allowable upper limit voltage value and / or the allowable lower limit voltage value of the output power level control signal generating device included in the other first DC power supply device. And a different power supply, and / or 9) the DC power supply belonging to at least any one of the first DC power supply devices in the means described in any one of 1 to 8 above. Is achieved by being configured as a fuel cell power generation device.

[0017]

According to the present invention, 1) a DC power supply (for example, one of them is a fuel cell power generator) or a DC power supply supplied from a rectifier connected to an AC power supply, and this DC power supply. A direct current / direct current conversion means for receiving direct current power from the storage means, a storage means for storing information on the electric power value to be output by the direct current / direct current conversion means, and a signal for the voltage and current values output by the direct current / direct current conversion means. A signal for inputting a DC / DC signal for correcting the value of the voltage output from the DC / DC converting means is input so that the product of these voltage value and current value matches the power value stored in the storage means. A constant power control signal generator for giving to the DC converting means and a signal relating to the value of the voltage output from the DC / DC converting means are inputted, and when the value of this voltage reaches the allowable upper limit voltage value, the saving means saves it. Doing The value of the information about the power value is decreased, and when the value of this voltage reaches the allowable lower limit voltage value, the information about the power value is corrected so as to increase the value of the information about the power value stored by the storage means. An output power level control signal generation device for giving a signal to be stored to the storage means, and supplying a direct current power having a constant power value control, an output end of the first direct current power supply device, or A second direct current power supply device comprising a storage battery device connected in parallel to a connection point between two or more first direct current power supply devices mutually connected in parallel at their output terminals; By configuring to supply DC power to the load from the connection point with the DC power supply device, the output power level control signal generator does not output the signal for correcting the information related to the power value under the condition. The value of the power P ₁ supplied from the first DC power supply is constant, also the value of the voltages V ₁ to the output,
With the signal for correcting the value of the voltage given from the constant power control signal generator, it has the drooping characteristic of the value according to (Equation 1) corresponding to the value of the current I ₁ supplied by the first DC power supply.

[0018]

[Formula 1] V₁= P₁(Constant value) / I₁ …………………………… (1) This current I₁Is the current I required by the load_LThe value of
If it is larger than the current I₁And current I_LDifference from
This current I is used to charge the pond device.₁Value of the load
Current I required_LIf it is smaller than the value of
_LAnd current I₁Is compensated by the discharge of the storage battery device.
It Also, this current I₁Is the current required by the load
I_LIf it is equal to the value of
It is in a no-load state with no electricity, and the voltage V of the storage battery device is₂Is
Voltage V with no load₂₀Becomes Voltage V ₁Is the voltage V₂₀
Is the same as the value of₁of
The value is I₁= I_Ten= P₁/ V₂₀Will be.

The increased load than this state, the value of the current I _L that the value of the current I ₁ is increased by increasing, the V _1D decreases the value of the voltages V ₁ by (Equation 1). The decrease in the value of the voltage V ₁ is a decrease in the voltage V _{2 of the} storage battery device in the direct-current hybrid power supply device according to the present invention, so the storage battery device is in a discharged state due to the characteristics of the storage battery. That, V _2D is the value of the voltage V ₂ in this state, the _{V 2D = V 1D <V 20} . In this case, the value of the current I ₁ increases as I _1D > I ₁₀ , but the total current I _1D + I _2D = I _{L obtained} by adding the current I _2D supplied by the discharge of the storage battery device to the load. Will be supplied to.

Further, the current I₁However, the power required by the load
Flow I_LIf the load is reduced and the current is
I_LThe value of decreases the current I₁When the value of decreases,
According to (Equation 1), the voltage V₁Value rises to V_1CBecomes
Voltage V₁The increase in the value of
In the power feeding device, the voltage V of the storage battery device₂Can rise
Therefore, the storage battery device is used in this storage battery device.
The battery is charged depending on the characteristics of the storage battery cells that are in use.
That is, the voltage V in this state₂The value of V _2CIs V
_2C= V_1C> V₂₀Becomes In this case the current I₁Value of I
_1C<I_TenIt will decrease, but to charge the storage battery device to this
The current I thus supplied_2CThe difference current I_1C
-I_2C= I_LWill be supplied to the load.

That is, as a result of the characteristic configuration of the direct-current hybrid power supply device according to the present invention, the first direct-current power supply device has the drooping characteristic according to (Equation 1), and the load current I _L When the current I ₁ supplied by the DC power supply increases or decreases in response to the increase or decrease in the voltage, the value of the voltage V ₁ output by the DC power supply changes according to (Equation 1).
The change in the value of the voltage V ₁ means that the voltage V ₂ changes in the same value as the value of the voltage V _{1 in} the storage battery device connected at the output end of the first DC power supply device. In the storage battery device, the value of the voltage V ₂ is the voltage V _{20 under} no load.
To move up and down with the storage battery in between means that the storage battery device is charged or discharged depending on the characteristics of the storage battery cell. From these, the first DC power supply device that supplies the DC power that has been subjected to the constant power value control and the second DC power supply device that has the storage battery device correspond to the increase and decrease of the load current I _L , and are integrated as a whole. It supplies the current of the value required by the load. At that time, the first DC power supply device continues to output a constant value of electric power.

Further, when the DC hybrid power supply device includes a plurality of first DC power supply devices, each of the first DC power supply devices
Since the DC power supply device has the drooping characteristic according to the above (formula 1) and the output terminals thereof are connected at the same point and the voltage V ₁ has the same value, each of the first DC power supply devices has The electric power corresponding to the value of each electric power P ₁ to be supplied will be supplied. At that time, it is not necessary to perform comprehensive control across a plurality of first DC power supply devices.

In the above operating state, the load current I_L
The value increases remarkably. As a result, the voltage V ₁Is the allowable lower limit voltage
When the pressure value is reached, the output power level control signal
Allows generators to upwardly correct information about power values
The signal is output. Thereby, the first DC power supply device,
Electric power P output at a constant value₁Increase the value of. This driving
In the state, power P₁Since the value of
From voltage V₁Value of DC hybrid power supply
Will restore normal operating voltage.

Further, when the load current I _L value is remarkably reduced and, as a result, the value of the voltage V ₁ reaches the allowable upper limit voltage value, the output power level control signal generator generates the power value. A signal is output that causes the information about As a result, the first DC power supply device reduces the value of the power P ₁ output at a constant value. In this operating state,
Since the value of the electric power P ₁ is reduced, the voltage V
The value of ₁ drops and the DC hybrid power supply device recovers the normal operating voltage.

2) In the item (1), the terminal voltage value of the storage battery device provided in the second DC power supply device during floating charging is set to a value equal to the allowable upper limit voltage value, and the discharge end voltage thereof is the allowable lower limit value. In the operating state of the DC hybrid power supply device described in the above item (1), the storage battery device, which is the second DC power supply device, is set to a value equal to the voltage value during floating charging. Since the terminal voltage value of is set to a value equal to the allowable upper limit voltage value, even if the value of the voltage V ₁ rises, it will not be damaged due to the excessive operating voltage of the storage battery cell. In addition, since the storage battery device has its discharge end voltage value set to a value equal to the allowable lower limit voltage value, even if the value of the voltage V ₁ drops, damage is caused by the operating voltage of the storage battery cell becoming too small. You will not receive it. 3) In the above (1) or (2), the second DC power supply device detects the charging current value to the storage battery device and / or the discharging current value from the storage battery device, and charges the storage battery device. When the current and / or the discharge current from the storage battery device reaches the allowable upper limit current value, a signal for modifying the information regarding the power value is stored in the storage means so as to revise the value of the information regarding the power value stored by the storage means. In the configuration (1), the voltage V ₁ value is less than the allowable upper limit voltage value determined by the load, but the current I _2C for charging the storage battery device, and / _{Alternatively} , the value of the current I _2D discharged from the storage battery device becomes equal to or more than the allowable upper limit current value for any current of the storage battery cell used in the storage battery device, and the storage battery cell is damaged. If an abnormal situation such as
When the storage battery device is in a charging state, a signal from the energization state monitoring device that causes the information regarding the power value to be corrected downward,
Further, when the storage battery device is in the discharged state, one of the signals for correcting the information regarding the power value upward is output. As a result, the first DC power supply device changes the value of the electric power P ₁ output at a constant value. In this operating state, when the storage battery device is in the charging state, the power P ₁
Is reduced and the value of the charging current I _2C is reduced, and when the storage battery device is in the discharged state, the value of the power P ₁ is increased and the value of the current I _2D is reduced. In this case also, the storage battery device recovers the normal operating condition. 4) In any one of the above items (1) to (3), the second DC power supply device includes a solar battery power generator connected in parallel to a storage battery device, and the solar battery power generator includes:
The upper limit voltage value is set equal to the allowable upper limit voltage value,
With the configuration in which the lower limit voltage value is set to a value equal to the allowable lower limit voltage value, during the discharging operation of the second DC power supply device according to any one of the items (1) to (3), It is possible to use the generated power of the solar cell generator, which allows a larger load current I _L.
As the value increases, the second DC power supply device can supply current. At that time, set the upper limit voltage value of the solar cell generator to a value equal to the allowable upper limit voltage value determined from the load, etc., and set the lower limit voltage value to the same value as the allowable lower limit voltage value determined from the load etc. Therefore, the solar cell power generation device can operate with its output power value almost at its maximum output power value. 5) In any one of the above items (1) to (4), an anode is provided between the connection point of the first DC power supply device and the second DC power supply device and the load, for example, on the connection point side, A diode device in which one or more diode elements each having a cathode arranged on the load side are connected in series with each other;
In the DC hybrid power supply device according to any one of the items (1) to (4), as described above, the voltage reducing means having the switch device connected in parallel to the diode device is provided. When the load current I _L value decreases and the voltage V ₁ value reaches the allowable upper limit voltage value determined by the load or the like, the power P output by the first DC power supply device
₁ value is reduced. However, when the DC power source used is a power source such as a fuel cell power generator that cannot follow a rapid change in its DC output, the power P ₁ value is gradually reduced. Become. In such a case, if the reduction of the load current I _L value is continued, the reduction of the power P ₁ value cannot follow the reduction of the current I _L , and as a result, the voltage V ₁ value becomes A situation may occur in which the allowable upper limit voltage value is exceeded. In such a case, the switchgear provided in the voltage reducing means is opened to reduce the value of the voltage on the load side by a voltage according to the armature voltage of the diode device.

When it is desired to rapidly charge the storage battery device provided in the second DC power supply device using the first DC power supply device, the voltage V ₁ value output from the first DC power supply device is set to the above-mentioned allowable upper limit voltage. It will be necessary to increase above the value. At that time, the switchgear provided in the voltage reducing means is opened to reduce the value of the voltage on the load side by a voltage according to the armature voltage of the diode device, and the value of the voltage on the load side is equal to or less than the allowable upper limit voltage value. To hold.

6) A DC power supply supplied from a DC power supply or a rectifier connected to an AC power supply, a DC / DC conversion means for receiving DC power from the DC power supply, and a DC / DC conversion means for outputting. The storage means for storing information on the power value and the signal on the voltage and current values output by the DC / DC converting means are input, and the product of these voltage value and current value is stored in the storage means. Constant power control signal generating device for giving a signal for modifying the value of the voltage output by the DC / DC converting means to the DC / DC converting means so as to match the power value, and the voltage output by the DC / DC converting means. When the voltage value reaches the allowable upper limit voltage value, the value of the information about the power value stored by the storage means is decreased and this voltage value becomes the allowable lower limit voltage value. To When it reaches, the output power level control signal generator for giving a signal for modifying the information about the power value to the storage means so as to increase the value of the information about the power value stored in the storage means. A first DC power supply device for supplying DC power whose value is controlled, and an output terminal of the first DC power supply device, or a connection between two or more first DC power supply devices mutually connected in parallel at their output ends. Second comprising storage batteries connected in parallel to the points
This storage battery device is provided with a DC power supply device, and the terminal voltage value during floating charging is set to a value exceeding the above allowable upper limit voltage value, and its discharge end voltage is set to a value equal to the above allowable lower limit voltage value. The first DC power supply device, the second
The direct-current hybrid power supply device according to the present invention has the above-mentioned configuration by providing a voltage reduction means between the connection point of the direct-current power supply device and the load, and supplying direct-current power to the load from the voltage reduction means. In addition to the items described in any one of (1) to (4), the voltage is reduced when the voltage V ₁ value output from the first DC power supply device is in the voltage range in which the storage battery device should be charged. By opening the switchgear provided in the means, the value of the voltage on the load side is reduced by a voltage according to the armature voltage of the diode device, and the value of the voltage on the load side is maintained at the allowable upper limit voltage value or less. Floating charging of the storage battery device can be sufficiently performed until the terminal voltage value is reached.

7) At least a part of the first DC power supply in the case where any two or more first DC power supply devices subjected to constant power control are provided in any one of the above items (1) to (6) The output power level control signal generating device included in the device has an allowable upper limit voltage value and / or an allowable lower limit voltage value that the output power level control signal generating device included in another first DC power supply device has Alternatively, when the load current I _L value is increased, the first DC power supply having a higher allowable lower limit voltage value can be provided by providing a different value with respect to the allowable lower limit voltage value. The device will have an increased value of its power P _{1 at} a smaller load current I _L value than the first DC power supply device having a lower allowable lower limit voltage value. Further, for example, when the load current I _L value is decreased, the first DC power supply device having a lower allowable upper limit voltage value has a larger load current than the first DC power supply device having a higher allowable upper limit voltage value. At the I _L value, the value of the power P ₁ will decrease. Therefore, for example, the allowable upper limit voltage value is lower than others,
Further, the first DC power supply device in which the allowable lower limit voltage value has a value higher than the others, the value of the power P ₁ is increased before the other when the load current I _L value increases, and the load current I _L value increases. When the I _L value decreases, the power P
The value of ₁ is decreased. Conversely speaking, the first DC power supply device in which the allowable upper limit voltage value is higher than the other and the allowable lower limit voltage value is lower than the others, is different from the first DC power supply device when the load current I _L value increases. When the value of the electric power P ₁ is increased later than the above value and the load current I _L value is decreased, the value of the electric power P ₁ is decreased later than the others. The first DC power supply device having such an allowable upper / lower limit voltage value has a load current I
_{Even if the L} value increases or decreases, the operation is performed under a relatively stable load condition in which the frequency of increasing or decreasing the power P ₁ value is small. Moreover, the control of the operating state between the plurality of first DC power supply devices can be realized only by setting the allowable upper limit voltage value and the allowable lower limit voltage value to different values.

Furthermore, for example, when the direct current power source of the first direct current power source device is a fuel cell power generating device, this is the case for a fuel cell power generating device having a characteristic that it cannot follow a sudden change in load. It is preferable that the operation be performed under stable load conditions.

[0030]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings. Embodiment 1; FIG. 1 is a block circuit diagram showing a circuit configuration of a DC hybrid power supply device according to an embodiment of the present invention corresponding to claims 1, 2, and 9. In FIG. 1, the same parts as those of the conventional DC hybrid power feeder shown in FIGS. 7 to 9 are designated by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof will be omitted. In FIG. 1, 1 is a first DC power supply device 2 and a second DC power supply device 2.
It is a DC hybrid power supply device including a storage battery device 5A that is a DC power supply device.

The first DC power supply device 2 is an appropriate DC power supply 2
1, a well-known D / D converter 22 which is a DC / DC converting means, a current sensor 23, and a voltage sensor 24.
A storage means 25, a constant power control signal generation device 26,
And an output power level control signal generator 27.
The DC power supply 21 is, for example, a fuel cell power generator or a DC power supply supplied from a rectifier connected to a commercial power supply. The current sensor 23 is the D / D converter 2
2 is a sensor such as DCCT which detects the value of the current I ₁ output by 2 and outputs a signal S _I corresponding to the value of the current I ₁ .

The voltage sensor 24 is the D / D converter 22.
Is a sensor such as a known voltage divider that detects the value of the voltage V ₁ output by the device and outputs a signal S _V corresponding to the value of the voltage V ₁ . The storage means (hereinafter, also referred to as a storage circuit) 25 is an electric power P to be output by the DC power supply 21.
Stores information about the value of ₁ , eg known EEP
It is a circuit device including a storage element such as a ROM. The constant power control signal generator 26 inputs the signals S _I and S _{V so} that the value of the product of the current I ₁ and the voltage V ₁ matches the value of the power P ₁ stored in the storage circuit 25. And a signal S ₂₆ for correcting the value of the voltage V ₁ output from the D / D converter 22 to the D / D converter 22.

The output power level control signal generator 27 is
When the signal S _V is input and the value of the voltage V ₁ reaches the allowable upper limit voltage value V _1P determined by the load device 8 or the like, the value of the information on the power P ₁ value stored in the storage circuit 25 is changed. When the value of the voltage V ₁ is decreased or reaches the allowable lower limit voltage value V _1N determined by the load device 8 or the like, the storage circuit 25
In order to increase the value of the power information P ₁ value stored in the signal to modify information about power P ₁ value S
₂₇ is a circuit device for giving ₂₇ to the storage circuit 25.

The storage battery device 5A is a device using one or two or more well-known storage battery cells, and the terminal voltage value V _2CP during floating charging is the allowable upper limit voltage value V.
_{The device} is set to _1P and the discharge end voltage value V _2DN thereof is set to the allowable lower limit voltage value V _1N . The storage battery device 5A is connected in parallel to the output terminal of the first DC power supply device 2. Then, the DC hybrid power supply device 1 supplies DC power to the load device 8 from the connection point between the first DC power supply device 2 and the storage battery device 5A.

Since the embodiment shown in FIG. 1 has the above-mentioned configuration, the signal from the output power level control signal generating device (hereinafter sometimes abbreviated as a generating circuit) 27 is used as described in the section of the operation. Under the condition that S ₂₇ is not output, the value of the power supplied from the first DC power supply device 2, that is, the power P ₁ output from the D / D converter 22 is constant, and the output voltage V _One value is a drooping characteristic of a value according to (Equation 1) corresponding to the current I ₁ value by a signal S ₂₆ given from a constant power control signal generation device (hereinafter, may be abbreviated as a generation circuit) 26. have.

When the current I ₁ value is equal to the value of the current I _L required by the load device 8, the storage battery device 5A is in a no-load state in which neither charging nor discharging is performed, and the storage battery device 5A
Since the voltage V ₂ value of is the voltage V ₂₀ when there is no load, the voltage V _{2
The 1} value is also the same as the value of the voltage V _20. Therefore, the value of the current I _{1 in} this case is I ₁ = I ₁₀ = P ₁ / V ₂₀ . Battery contrast, current I ₁ value, the current may differ with respect to I _L value, depending on the magnitude relationship, the current I ₂ value is the current difference between the currents I ₁ values and the current I _L value Device 5A
Is charged and discharged, the DC hybrid power supply apparatus 1 can continue power supply corresponding to the varying current I _L value while keeping the power P ₁ value at a constant value.

In the above-mentioned operating state, the current I _L value increases remarkably, and when the value of the voltage V ₁ reaches the permissible lower limit voltage value V _1N as a result, the generation circuit which inputs the signal S _V. 27 outputs a signal S ₂₇ which causes the information on the power P ₁ value to be corrected upwards. The storage circuit 25 to which the signal S ₂₇ is input stores the information regarding the value of the power P ₁ stored in the storage element provided therein after changing it to the value of the power P ₁ according to the signal S ₂₇ , and It outputs a signal S ₂₅ according to the revised power P ₁ value. As a result, the signal S ₂₆ output from the generation circuit 26 becomes a signal obtained by upwardly correcting the information regarding the power P ₁ value. This signal S
_{Since the} D / D converter 22 which obtains ₂₆ and performs control operates so as to increase the output power P ₁ value, the voltage V ₁ value output from the first DC power supply device 2 increases, The DC hybrid power supply device 1 will recover the normal operating voltage.

The current I_LThe decrease in the value is remarkable and this result
Result, voltage V₁Is the allowable upper limit voltage value V_1PReached
When the state is reached, the power P is generated from the generation circuit 27.₁Regarding the value
Signal S that causes the information to be corrected downwards₂₇Is output. This belief
Issue S₂₇Is input to the storage circuit 25.
Electric power P stored in₁Information about the value of this
Signal S₂₇Power P according to₁If you change the value and save it,
And the revised power P ₁Signal S according to value_{twenty five}Is output.
As a result, the signal S output by the generation circuit 26 is output.₂₆Is the power
P₁The information about the value will be the signal corrected downwards. This
Signal S₂₆The D / D converter 22 that obtains and controls
Output power P₁Action will be taken to decrease the value
Therefore, the voltage V output from the first DC power supply device 2₁Value drops
Then, the DC hybrid power supply device 1 operates at a normal operating voltage.
It will be recovered.

In the above operating state, the storage battery device 5
Since A has its terminal voltage value V _{2CP set} to the allowable upper limit voltage value V _1P , even if the voltage V ₁ increases,
The storage battery device 5A is not damaged by the excessive operating voltage of the storage battery cells. Further, in the storage battery device 5A, the discharge end voltage value V _2DN is _set to the allowable lower limit voltage value V _1N . Therefore, even if the value of the voltage V ₁ drops, the operating voltage of the storage battery cell becomes too _small. It will not be damaged.

As described above, the first DC power supply device 2 provided in the DC hybrid power supply device 1 can be operated under a substantially constant output condition regardless of the current I _L value. Therefore, when the fuel cell power generator is adopted as the DC power source used for the first DC power source device 2, this fuel cell power generator can be operated near the maximum efficiency condition, and the operation thereof can be performed. Since the operation can be performed in a state where the temperature and the like are almost constant, the reliability can be improved.

When a DC power source supplied from a rectifier connected to a commercial power source is used as the DC power source used for the first DC power source device 2, this DC power source is, for example,
Since it is possible to reliably perform operation within a range that does not exceed the contracted electric power for the commercial power source, it is possible to solve the problem that the unit price of electric power increases. In this case, it goes without saying that, in place of the rectifying device that rectifies the D / D converter 22 and the commercial power source, a control rectifying device that integrally has these functions may be used. .

Further, in the storage battery device 5A having the above-mentioned structure which is used as a backup power source for the first DC power source device 2, neither the overcharge state nor the overdischarge state occurs, so that it is necessary in the case of the prior art. It is possible to eliminate the need for a control device that controls the charging and discharging of the storage battery cells. In the above description of the first embodiment, the number of the first DC power supply devices 2 included in the DC hybrid power supply device 1 is one, but the number of the first DC power supply devices 2 is not limited to this. The number of the two installed may be two or more. In that case, each first DC power supply device 2
The output terminals of are connected in parallel to each other, and the storage battery device 5A is connected in parallel to this parallel connection point. In addition, the DC power supply 2 provided in each first DC power supply device 2
There is no problem even if the first type is a different type of power source.

Then, each first DC power supply device 2
, Even were unlikely different that the output power P ₁ value, since the output power P ₁ value are both power supply is output as a constant value, the output voltage I and their output voltages V ₁ value
Any power supply device 2 between ₁ and 1 has the drooping characteristic according to the above (formula 1). Moreover, since the output terminals of these power supply devices 2 are connected in parallel to each other and the output voltage V ₁ values thereof are the same value, the respective power supply devices 2 have the output power P ₁ value which they have. The power consumption P _L required by the load device 8 is shared and output at a ratio according to the above. In that case, it can be performed without installing a device for performing centralized control such as a central monitoring device according to the related art.

Embodiment 2; FIG. 2 is a block circuit diagram showing a circuit configuration of a DC hybrid power supply device according to an embodiment of the present invention corresponding to claims 1 to 3. Figure 2
In the same parts as the DC hybrid power feeder according to the embodiment of the present invention corresponding to claims 1, 2, and 9 shown in FIG. 1 and the DC hybrid power feeder according to the conventional example shown in FIGS. The same reference numerals are given and the description thereof is omitted. In FIG. 2, reference numeral 1A denotes a DC hybrid power supply device in which the second DC power supply device 3 is used in place of the storage battery device 5A in the DC hybrid power supply device 1 according to the embodiment of the present invention shown in FIG. is there.

The second DC power supply device 3 is a storage battery device 5A.
A current sensor 31 and an energization state monitoring device 32. The current sensor 31 detects the value of the current I ₂ flowing through the storage battery device 5A and outputs a signal S ₃₁ corresponding to the value of the current I _2.
Is a sensor that outputs, for example, DCCT. The energization state monitoring device 32 inputs the signal S _31, and when the value of the charging current I _2C flowing into the storage battery device 5A increases and reaches the allowable upper limit charging current value I _2CP , the storage circuit 25 stores it. The value of the information about the power P ₁ value
Further, when the value of the discharge current I _2D flowing out from the storage battery device 5A increases and reaches the allowable upper limit discharge current value I _2DP , the value of the information regarding the power P ₁ value stored in the storage circuit 25 is increased. It is a circuit device that gives the signal S ₃₂ to the storage circuit 25.

The embodiment shown in FIG. 2 has the above-mentioned configuration.
Therefore, the voltage V₁The value of is determined by the load device 8 etc.
Upper limit voltage value V_1PHas not reached, but current I_2CValue is allowed
Upper limit charging current value I_{2 CP}As described above, the storage battery device 5A
Abnormalities such as damage to the storage battery cells used for
In the operating state of the storage battery device 5A, which is expected to be raw,
Power P from the energization state monitoring device 32₁Value of information about the value
Signal S to reduce₃₂Is output. This signal S₃₂Received
The first digit DC power supply device 2 has power P₁Decrease the value of
It In this operating state, the power P₁Value of the current I
_2CValue of the storage battery device 5A decreases,
The condition will be restored. Also, the voltage V₁The value of
Allowable lower limit voltage value V determined by the unit 8 etc._1NDon't reach
But current I_2DValue is allowable upper limit discharge current value I_2DPAnd above
Therefore, the storage battery cells used in the storage battery device 5A are damaged.
Of the storage battery device 5A, which is assumed to have an abnormality such as being damaged.
In the operation state, the power P is supplied from the energization state monitoring device 32.
₁A signal S that increases the value of the information about the value₃₂Is output
It This signal S₃₂The first DC power supply device 2 that received the
P₁Increase the value of. In this operating state, the power P₁of
The value is increased and the current I _2DSince the value of
The device 5A will recover the normal state of charge.
It

In the above description of the second embodiment, the second
The energization state monitoring device 32 included in the DC power supply device 3 outputs the signal S ₃₂ when the current I _2C value reaches the allowable upper limit charging current value I _2CP and / or the allowable upper discharge current value I _2DP . However, it is not limited to this,
For example, the energization state monitoring device 32 sets the allowable upper limit charging current value I _2DP or more and / or the allowable upper limit discharge current value I _2DP.
The output may be made when the above time continues for a predetermined time or longer.

[Embodiment 3] FIG.
It is the block circuit diagram which shows the circuit structure of the direct-current hybrid electric power feeder by one Example of this invention corresponding to 7 and 9. 3, the same parts as the DC hybrid power feeder according to the embodiment of the present invention corresponding to claims 1, 2, and 9 shown in FIG. 1 and the DC hybrid power feeder according to the conventional example shown in FIGS. Are denoted by the same reference numerals, and description thereof will be omitted. In FIG. 3, reference numeral 1B is a DC hybrid power supply device in which a voltage reduction device 4 as a voltage reduction means is added to the DC hybrid power supply device 1 according to the embodiment of the present invention shown in FIG. is there.

The voltage reducing device 4, as shown in FIG.
A diode device 41 which is connected between the connection point between the first DC power supply device 2 and the storage battery device 5A and the load device 8 and which is composed of one or more diode elements connected in series with each other; The diode device 41 is provided with an opening / closing device 42 connected in parallel. Voltage reduction device 4, the allowable upper limit voltage value V _1P determined from the load device 8 or the like, D /
This device is installed and effective when the voltage V ₁ value output from the D converter 22 may exceed the allowable upper limit voltage value V _1P . When the voltage V ₁ value exceeds the allowable upper limit voltage value V _1P , the DC output of the first DC power supply 2 belonging to the first DC power supply 2 is abrupt as its DC output as described in the section of the operation. This may occur in the case of a power supply that cannot follow various fluctuations. The switchgear 42 included in the voltage reduction device 4 is normally closed, and the signal S _V output from the voltage sensor 24 is output.
Is input and the voltage V ₁ output from the D / D converter 22 is set to open when the voltage V ₁ value exceeds the allowable upper limit voltage value V _1P . When the switchgear 42 is opened,
D / D converter 22, storage battery device 5A, and load device 8
And a diode device 41 included in the voltage reduction device 4 between
However, it will be inserted as an electric circuit. This allows
Since the voltage on the load device 8 side is lowered with respect to the voltage V ₁ by a voltage according to the encapsulation voltage of the diode element included in the diode device 41, the voltage on the load device 8 side is maintained at the allowable upper limit voltage value V _1P or less. is there. In addition, the diode device 4
The number of series-connected diode elements provided in 1 is such that the value of the bed voltage generated in this series-connected diode element is, for example, the highest value of the voltage V ₁ and the allowable upper limit voltage value V _1P.
It is set to a value corresponding to the difference between and. In addition, in the switchgear 42, the voltage V ₁ value is the allowable upper limit voltage value V _1P.
If less than, it will be closed.

In the above description of the third embodiment, the voltage reducing device 4 is the DC power source 21 belonging to the first DC power source device 2.
Has been described as an effective device in the case of a power source such as a fuel cell power generator that cannot follow a rapid change in its DC output. However, in addition to this, for example, the storage battery device 5A is the first DC power source device. It is also an effective device when rapid charging is performed by using 2. This rapid charging can be performed by, for example, forcibly increasing the value of the information about the power P ₁ value stored in the storage circuit 25 from the outside. In this case, the storage battery device 5A must be applied with a voltage value that exceeds the terminal voltage value V _2CP of the floating charge. Therefore, even in such a case, the load device 8 side The voltage reduction device 4 is effective in order to maintain the voltage of 2 below the allowable upper limit voltage value V _1P .

Further, in the above description of the second and third embodiments, the storage battery device 5A has set the termination voltage value V _2CP during floating charging to the allowable upper limit voltage value V _1P. In addition to this, for example, there may be a case where the termination voltage value V _2CP needs to be set to a value higher than the allowable upper limit voltage value V _{1P for} the convenience of the storage battery device 5A. Also in this case,
The direct-current hybrid power supply device is provided with the voltage reduction device 4, and when the voltage V ₁ value output from the first direct-current power supply device 2 exceeds the allowable upper limit voltage value V _1P , the switch device 42 is activated by using the signal S _V. By opening the circuit, the voltage on the load device 8 side can be maintained at the allowable upper limit voltage value V _1P or less.

Embodiment 4; FIG.
FIG. 8 is a block circuit diagram showing a circuit configuration of a DC hybrid power supply device according to an embodiment of the present invention corresponding to 8 and 9. 4, the same parts as the DC hybrid power feeder according to one embodiment of the present invention corresponding to claims 1, 2 and 9 shown in FIG. 1 and the DC hybrid power feeder according to the conventional example shown in FIGS. Are denoted by the same reference numerals, and description thereof will be omitted. In addition, in FIG. 4, about the code | symbol attached | subjected in FIG. 1, only the typical code | symbol was described.

In FIG. 4, reference numeral 1C designates a first DC power supply apparatus 2A and a first DC power supply apparatus 2A instead of the first DC power supply apparatus 2 in the DC hybrid power supply apparatus 1 according to the embodiment of the present invention shown in FIG. The direct-current hybrid power supply device includes a direct-current power supply device 2B and includes a second direct-current power supply device 3A in place of the storage battery device 5A that is the second direct-current power supply device.

The first DC power supply device 2A is a DC power supply device in which the fuel cell power generator 6 is used as a DC power supply. The first DC power supply device 2B is a DC power supply device that uses, as a DC power supply, a DC power supply obtained by rectifying the AC power supplied from the commercial power supply 7.
In place of the D / D converter 22 and the output power level control signal generator 27 included in
B and an output power level control signal generator 27B.

Output power level control signal generator 27B
When the signal S _V is input and the value of the voltage V _1B output by the controlled rectifier 22B reaches the allowable upper limit voltage value V _1PB , the controlled rectifier 2 is stored in the storage circuit 25.
2B decreases the value of the information on the power P _1B value to be output, and when the value of the voltage V _1B reaches the allowable lower limit voltage value V _1NB , the power P _1B value stored in the storage circuit 25. In order to increase the value of the information on the power P _1B value, a signal S _27B for correcting the information on the power P _1B value is _supplied to the storage circuit 25. The allowable upper limit voltage value V _1PB is lower than the allowable upper limit voltage value V _{1P in} the case of the generating circuit 27, and the allowable lower limit voltage value V _1NB is lower than the allowable lower limit voltage value V _{1N in} the case of the generating circuit 27. It is set to a high value.

The control rectification device 22B is a well-known device that integrally has a function of rectifying the commercial power supply 7 and a function of outputting DC power subjected to constant power value control, and is a D / D device. Like the converter 22, it receives the signal S ₂₆ from the constant power control signal generator 26 and always outputs a constant power P _1B value. In the controlled rectifying device 22B, the signal S ₂₆ is based on the signal S ₂₅ from the storage circuit 25, but the power P _{1B of the} storage circuit 25 is
The D / D included in the first DC power supply device 2A is that the information regarding the value is a value according to the signal _S27B obtained from the output power level control signal generation device (hereinafter, may be abbreviated as a generation circuit) 27B. It is different from the converter 22.

The second DC power supply device 3A is a storage battery device 5A.
Is a DC power supply device including a solar battery power generation device 5B connected in parallel to the. The solar battery power generator 5B is a device using one or two or more well-known solar cells connected in series. As is well known, solar cells have a maximum output point that outputs maximum power as an operating voltage, and have the characteristic that a relatively large output can be obtained near this maximum output point. There is. Even a solar cell power generation apparatus 5B, has a voltage V _PM maximum output point for outputting the maximum output P _PM as shown in FIG. 5, the voltage V _PM
The output P _P between the upper limit voltage value V _PP and the lower limit voltage value V _PN that sandwich it is not much lower than the maximum output P _PM . In the second DC power supply device 3A, the upper limit voltage value V _PP and the lower limit voltage value V _PN of the solar battery power generator 5B are set to the allowable upper limit voltage value V _1P and the allowable lower limit voltage value V _1N determined by the load device 8 and the like, respectively. It is set. Here, FIG. 5 is a graph for explaining the characteristics of the solar cell power generator, in which the horizontal axis represents the current value I _P generated by the solar cell power generator and the vertical axis represents the voltage generated by the solar cell power generator. The value V _P is taken, and the other vertical axis takes the output value P _P which is the product of the current value and the voltage value. In FIG. 5, the IV line is a graph showing the relationship between the current value I _P and the voltage value V _P , and the I-P line is the current value I _P and the output P _P.
It is a graph which shows the relationship with the value of.

Since the embodiment shown in FIG. 4 has the above-described configuration, the main DC power source is the first DC power source device 2A and the first DC power source device 2B connected in parallel, and the load device 8 is connected to the DC power source. Supply power. At that time, the allowable upper limit voltage value V _1PB of the first DC power supply device 2B is lower than the allowable upper limit voltage value V _1P of the generating circuit 27, and the allowable lower limit voltage value V _1NB is the allowable limit of the generating circuit 27. Lower limit voltage value V _1N
Since it is set to a higher value, the power value P ₁ supplied by the first DC power supply device 2A and the power supplied by the first DC power supply device 2B with respect to the change in the I _L value required by the load device 8. The change in the value P _1B is as illustrated in FIG. Here, FIG. 6 shows each first DC power supply device (power supply device 2A,
2B) is a graph for explaining the sharing of the power value supplied by (2), where (a) shows the power value required by the load device (b).
Is the voltage value generated by the DC hybrid power supply,
(C) shows the power value supplied by the other first DC power supply device (power supply device 2B), and (d) shows the power value supplied by the one first DC power supply device (power supply device 2A). .

Below, referring to FIG.
I required_LValue, and therefore the power P consumed by the load device_L
Value (= I_L× V₁), The DC hybrid
Power supplied from the power feeding device 1C (= P₁+ P_1B)
Value of the first DC power supply device 2A and the first DC power supply device 2B
The sharing with However, here
In the unit 8, mainly the first DC power supply device 2A, 2B
Power (= P₁+ P _1B) Will be supplied and simplified
It is added that the explanation will be given as a condition.

Now, the power consumption P consumed by the load device 8_L
The value is as shown in FIG. 6A as time t passes.
It shall change. That is, initially, P_L0Consume
What was there at time t₁At P_L1At time t₂At P_L2At the time
Tick t₃At P_L3To increase at time t_FourAt P_L2Went to
However, at time t_FiveAt P_L3To time t ₆
Then P again_L0Is changing back to a state of consuming
It Power consumption P_LThe first DC power supply device 2A corresponding to the value
Power P supplied by₁Value and the first DC power supply 2B supplies
Electric power P_1BThe values are shown in FIG. 6 (d) and FIG. 6 (c), respectively.
Shown inside. That is, initially, the power P₁Value is P_Ten
And power P_1BValue is P_1B0Supplied with P_L0Power consumption
P_LIt corresponded to the value. However, the first DC power supply 2
The voltage V output by A₁, And the first DC power supply device 2B
Output voltage V_1BIs the power consumption P mentioned above._LValue etc.
Changes as shown in Fig. 6 (b).
Of. The first DC power supply device 2A and the first DC power supply
Since the output terminals of the device 2B are connected in parallel with each other,
Of course, the voltage V₁And voltage V_1BIs always equal to
Therefore, after that, the voltage V₁Value to voltage V_1BRepresent value
Sometimes.

Time t₁At P_LValue is P_L1When the number increases rapidly,
1 With the constant power control function of the DC power supply devices 2A and 2B
V₁The value drops immediately, in this case V_1NBvalue
Because it reaches to P_1BThe value is instantly P_1B1Is increased to
V₁The value returns to the normal operating voltage value. Next, time t₂
At P_LValue is P_L2When it rapidly increases to V₁The value drops and
In case of_1NBSince the value is reached, P_1BValue instantly
P_1B2Increased to V ₁Value returns to normal operating voltage value
It However, this P_1B2Is P_1BValue is the first DC power supply
It is assumed that this is the maximum output value of the device 2B. Next, time t₃so
P_LValue is P_L3When it rapidly increases to V₁The value drops and this
In case of V_1NBReaches the value, but the first DC
The power supply 2B has already supplied the maximum output value.
And V₁Value is V_1NBInterrupt value V_1NReach the value
It will be. At this point, the power of the first DC power supply 2A is
Power P₁Start increasing the value. However, the first DC power supply
The DC power supply provided in 2A can follow sudden output fluctuations.
It is a fuel cell power generation device 6 with characteristics that cannot
And P₁The value gradually increases, and at time t_fFinally
Predetermined P₁₁To reach. Because of this, V₁Value normal
The return to the operating voltage value is performed slowly, during which V_1NBThe value
The interruption period continues for a long time.

Next, when the P _L value suddenly decreases to P _L2 at time t ₄ , the V ₁ value immediately rises, and in this case, the V _1PB value is reached, so the P _1B value instantaneously _changes to P _1B1 . Reduced, V
₁ value returns to normal operating voltage value. At this time, the P ₁ value continues to be P ₁₁ . Next, when the P _L value _suddenly increases to P _L3 at time t ₅ , the V ₁ value drops again, and in this case also reaches the V _1NB value, the P _1B value is instantaneously increased to P _1B2 , and V 1
₁ value returns to normal operating voltage value. At this time, the P ₁ value continues to be P ₁₁ . Further, when the P _L value drastically decreases to P _L0 at time t ₆ , the V ₁ value immediately rises, and in this case also, the V _1PB value is reached, so the P _1B value once _changes to P _1B1.
Is reduced to. However, since the decrease in the P _L value is large, the P _1B value of P _1B1 does not restore the V ₁ value to the normal operating voltage value. Therefore, the first DC power supply device 2B operates at time t ₅
Immediately after the time t ₆ , the P _1B value is once set to P _1B0 , and at the time t ₇ , the P _1B value is reduced to zero to correspond to the P _L value. At this point, the P ₁ value continues to be P ₁₁ .
Up to now, the sharing of the power value supplied from the first DC power supply device 2A and the first DC power supply device 2B has been described with reference to FIG. 6, but the sharing of the power value in the DC hybrid power supply device 1C is more accurate. Of course, the second DC power supply device 3A also needs to be taken into consideration.

As described above with reference to FIG. 6, in the first DC power supply 2A, even if the P _L value changes frequently, the power P ₁ value does not increase / decrease less frequently. It can be seen that the operation is performed in a stable output state. Such stable operation under a load condition is extremely preferable for the first DC power supply device 2A including the fuel cell power generation device 6 as a DC power supply, which cannot follow a sudden change in load. . Moreover, this operating state can be achieved without installing a centrally controlling device such as a central monitoring device according to the prior art.

On the other hand, the upper limit voltage value V _{PP of the} solar cell power generator 5 B included in the second DC power supply device 3 A is set to the allowable upper limit voltage value V _1P , and the allowable lower limit voltage value V _PN is the allowable lower limit voltage value V Since it is set to _1N , the solar cell generator 5B is always operated at an output power value near its maximum output point without using the maximum output point control device that is usually adopted in the solar cell generator according to the related art. It is possible. Further, in the solar battery cell, when the temperature thereof fluctuates, the operating voltage that produces the maximum output also fluctuates accordingly, but since the fluctuation range is not so large, if the operating voltage range is set as described above. Also, it becomes possible to cover the fluctuation of the operating voltage due to the temperature fluctuation without using the maximum output point control device.

[0065]

The present invention has the following effects due to the above-mentioned configuration. That is, in the DC hybrid power supply device according to the present invention, the first DC power supply device and the second DC power supply device are connected in parallel to supply power to the load, and the power value output from the first DC power supply device is constant. Since it is a power supply device that is subject to value control, for example, in a power supply device that uses a fuel cell power generation device as a main DC power supply, the fuel cell power generation device should be able to easily operate under its maximum efficiency condition. Therefore, the power supply device can obtain high overall efficiency. Further, even when power is supplied to a load that fluctuates significantly, it is possible to operate under conditions in which the operating temperature and the like are almost constant and stable, so it is possible to simplify the control devices. At the same time, the reliability of the fuel cell power generator can be improved.

Further, for example, in a power supply device that uses DC power obtained by rectifying a commercial power supply as a main DC power supply, it is easy to suppress the output power below the contracted power for the commercial power supply. It is possible to solve the problems that the electricity consumption side increases the electricity charge and the electricity supply side interferes with the electricity supply plan.

Furthermore, the first DC power supply device provided in the DC hybrid power supply device according to the present invention has the drooping characteristic according to the above-mentioned (Equation 1) between the output voltage value and current value. When the DC hybrid power supply device needs to include a plurality of first DC power supply devices, each first DC power supply device does not have to be provided with a centralized control device such as a central monitoring device according to the related art. In addition, since the power consumptions required by the load devices are shared and output at a ratio according to the output power that they have, it is possible to simplify the configuration of the DC hybrid power supply device and reduce the manufacturing cost thereof. It will be possible.

In the above paragraph, in the storage battery device provided in the second DC power supply device, the terminal voltage value during floating charging is set to a value equal to the allowable upper limit voltage value, and the discharge end voltage is equal to the allowable lower limit voltage value. In the storage battery device which is the second DC power supply device used as a backup power supply for the first DC power supply device and is connected in parallel to the output terminal of the first DC power supply device, It is possible to prevent the overcharge state and the overdischarge state from occurring. As a result, it is possible to eliminate the control device that controls the charging / discharging of the storage battery cells, which was necessary in the case of the related art, and therefore, the power loss and the manufacturing cost can be reduced accordingly. Improving the overall efficiency of the power supply device,
Manufacturing costs can be reduced.

In the above paragraph or paragraph, the storage battery device is provided with the above-mentioned energization monitoring device for suppressing the current value at the time of charging and discharging the storage battery device to be less than the allowable current value of the storage battery device. It is possible to improve the reliability of the storage battery device without being damaged by the electric current. In any one of the above items to, in parallel with the storage battery device, a solar cell power generation in which the upper limit voltage value and the lower limit voltage value are set to the same values as the allowable upper limit voltage value and the allowable lower limit voltage value of the DC hybrid power supply device, respectively. By connecting the devices, the solar cell power generator can be operated near its maximum output power value without providing the maximum output point control device, so the manufacturing cost is reduced. As a result, the manufacturing cost of the power supply device can be reduced.

In any one of the above items 1 to 4, the voltage reducing means is provided between the connection point of the first DC power supply device and the second DC power supply device and the load device. Since the DC power supply used in the DC power supply is the fuel cell power generator, the floating charging terminal voltage value of the storage battery device used in the second DC power supply is
It is possible that the voltage value output from the first DC power supply device of the DC hybrid power supply device according to the present invention exceeds the allowable upper limit voltage value due to, for example, exceeding the allowable upper limit voltage value of the DC hybrid power supply device. Even in this case, the excess voltage is reduced by this voltage reduction means. Therefore, the output voltage value of the DC hybrid power supply device according to the present invention is
Since it can be set to the allowable upper limit voltage value or less, it is possible to obtain a highly reliable DC hybrid power supply device.

In the case where any one of the above items 1 to 3 and more than two first DC power supply devices are provided, the allowable upper limit voltage value and / or the allowable lower limit of at least a part of the first DC power supply devices By setting the voltage value to a value different from the allowable upper limit voltage value and / or the allowable lower limit voltage value of the other first DC power supply device, for example, the allowable upper limit voltage value is higher than other allowable values. The first DC power supply device in which the lower limit voltage value has a lower value than the others has a power consumption value of the load device without installing a device for performing centralized control such as a central monitoring device according to the related art. Even if it fluctuates, it is operated with almost no fluctuation in its output power value. In particular, when the DC power supply provided in the first DC power supply device is a fuel cell power generation device, the fuel cell power generation device operates under such a stable load state, and therefore operation under the highest efficiency condition is required. It can be done easily. Therefore, the DC hybrid power supply device can obtain high overall efficiency. Also,
Even when power is supplied to a load that fluctuates significantly, it is possible to operate the temperature under operation at a substantially constant and stable condition, so that it is possible to simplify the control devices, The reliability of the fuel cell power generator can be improved.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a block circuit diagram showing a circuit configuration of a DC hybrid power feeder according to an embodiment of the present invention corresponding to claims 1, 2 and 9.

FIG. 2 is a block circuit diagram showing a circuit configuration of a DC hybrid power supply device according to an embodiment of the present invention corresponding to claims 1 to 3 and 9.

FIG. 3 is a block circuit diagram showing a circuit configuration of a DC hybrid power supply device according to an embodiment of the present invention corresponding to claims 1, 2, 5, 7, and 9.

FIG. 4 is a block circuit diagram showing a circuit configuration of a DC hybrid power supply device according to an embodiment of the present invention corresponding to claims 1, 2, 4, 8 and 9.

FIG. 5 is a graph illustrating characteristics of a solar cell power generation device.

6A and 6B are graphs for explaining sharing of power values supplied by the respective first DC power supply devices, FIG. 6A is a graph of power values required by the load device, and FIG. 6B is a DC hybrid power supply device. Is a graph of the voltage value generated by, (c) is a graph of the power value supplied by the other first DC power supply device (power supply device 2B), and (d) is one of the first DC power supply device (power supply device 2A). Graph of power value supplied by

FIG. 7 is a block circuit diagram showing an outline of a basic circuit of a conventional power supply device.

FIG. 8 is a block circuit diagram showing an outline of a basic circuit of a conventional power supply device.

FIG. 9 is a block circuit diagram showing an outline of a basic circuit of a conventional power supply device.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 DC Hybrid Power Supply Device 1A DC Hybrid Power Supply Device 1B DC Hybrid Power Supply Device 1C DC Hybrid Power Supply Device 2 First DC Power Supply Device 21 DC Power Supply 22 DC / DC Converter Means (D / D Converter) 23 Current Sensor 24 Voltage Sensor 25 Storage Means (Storage circuit) 26 Constant power control signal generation device (generation circuit) 27 Output power level control signal generation device (generation circuit) 5A Second DC power supply device (storage battery device)

 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of front page (72) Inventor Susumu Katsuse 4-1-2, Hirano-cho, Chuo-ku, Osaka City, Osaka Prefecture Osaka Gas Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Hiroshi Inoue 1 Tanabe Nitta, Kawasaki-ku, Kawasaki-shi, Kanagawa No. 1 in Fuji Electric Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Yutaka Kusaka No. 1 Tanabe Shinden, Kawasaki-ku, Kawasaki City, Kanagawa Prefecture No. 1 in Fuji Electric Co., Ltd. (72) Kazuo Yoneda Shin Tanabe, Kawasaki-ku, Kawasaki-shi, Kanagawa No. 1 in Fuji Electric Co., Ltd.

Claims (9)

[Claims] 1. A DC power supply supplied from a DC power supply or a rectifier connected to an AC power supply, a DC / DC conversion means receiving DC power from the DC power supply, and a DC / DC conversion means for outputting. The storage means for storing information on the power value and the signal on the voltage and current values output by the DC / DC converting means are input, and the product of these voltage value and current value is stored in the storage means. Constant power control signal generating device for giving a signal for modifying the value of the voltage output by the DC / DC converting means to the DC / DC converting means so as to match the power value, and the voltage output by the DC / DC converting means. When the voltage value reaches the allowable upper limit voltage value, the value of the information about the power value stored by the storage means is decreased and this voltage value becomes the allowable lower limit voltage value. Reached In this case, the storage means has an output power level control signal generating device for giving a signal for modifying the information on the power value to the storage means so as to increase the value of the information on the power value stored in the storage means. A first direct current power supply device for supplying controlled direct current power, and an output end of the first direct current power supply device, or a connection point of two or more first direct current power supply devices mutually connected in parallel at their output ends. A second direct current power supply device including a storage battery device connected in parallel with respect to each other, and supplying direct current power to a load from a connection point between the first direct current power supply device and the second direct current power supply device. DC hybrid power supply device. 2. The DC hybrid power supply device according to claim 1, wherein the storage battery device included in the second DC power supply device has a termination voltage value during floating charging set to a value equal to an allowable upper limit voltage value,
A DC hybrid power supply device characterized in that the discharge end voltage is set to a value equal to an allowable lower limit voltage value. 3. The DC hybrid power supply device according to claim 1, wherein the second DC power supply device detects a charging current value to the storage battery device and / or a discharging current value from the storage battery device, When the charging current and / or the discharging current from the storage battery device has reached the allowable upper limit current value, a signal for correcting the information on the power value is revised to revise the value of the information on the power value stored by the storage means. A direct-current hybrid power supply device comprising a power-on state monitoring device provided to the storage means. 4. The DC hybrid power supply device according to claim 1, wherein the second DC power supply device includes a solar battery power generator connected in parallel to the storage battery device, and the solar battery power generator. The DC hybrid power supply device, wherein the upper limit voltage value is set to a value equal to the allowable upper limit voltage value, and the lower limit voltage value is set to a value equal to the allowable lower limit voltage value. 5. The DC hybrid power supply device according to claim 1, further comprising a voltage reduction means between a connection point of the first DC power supply device and the second DC power supply device and a load. DC hybrid power supply device characterized by. 6. A DC power supply supplied from a DC power supply or a rectifier connected to an AC power supply, a DC / DC conversion means receiving DC power from the DC power supply, and a DC / DC conversion means for outputting. The storage means for storing information on the power value and the signal on the voltage and current values output by the DC / DC converting means are input, and the product of these voltage value and current value is stored in the storage means. Constant power control signal generating device for giving a signal for modifying the value of the voltage output by the DC / DC converting means to the DC / DC converting means so as to match the power value, and the voltage output by the DC / DC converting means. When the voltage value reaches the allowable upper limit voltage value, the value of the information about the power value stored by the storage means is decreased and this voltage value becomes the allowable lower limit voltage value. Reached In this case, the storage means has an output power level control signal generating device for giving a signal for modifying the information on the power value to the storage means so as to increase the value of the information on the power value stored in the storage means. A first direct current power supply device for supplying controlled direct current power, and an output end of the first direct current power supply device, or a connection point of two or more first direct current power supply devices mutually connected in parallel at their output ends. And a second DC power supply device composed of storage battery devices connected in parallel with each other, the storage battery device having a terminal voltage value during floating charging set to a value exceeding the allowable upper limit voltage value and discharging the same. The end voltage is set to a value equal to the above-mentioned allowable lower limit voltage value, and a voltage reducing means is provided between the connection point of the first DC power supply device and the second DC power supply device and the load, and this voltage From reduction means to load A DC hybrid power supply device characterized in that it supplies DC power. 7. The DC hybrid power supply device according to claim 5 or 6, wherein the voltage reducing means has one or more diode elements in which an anode is arranged on the connection point side and a cathode is arranged on the load side. A direct-current hybrid power supply device, comprising: a diode device in which are connected in series with each other; and a switch device connected in parallel to the diode device. 8. The DC hybrid power supply device according to claim 1, wherein the DC hybrid power supply device includes two or more first DC power supply devices that are subjected to constant power control. The output power level control signal generation device provided in at least a part of the first DC power supply device has an allowable upper limit voltage value and / or
Alternatively, the allowable lower limit voltage value may be different from the allowable upper limit voltage value and / or the allowable lower limit voltage value of the output power level control signal generating device included in the other first DC power supply device. DC hybrid power supply featuring. 9. The DC hybrid power supply device according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the DC power supply belonging to at least one of the first DC power supply devices is a fuel cell power generation device. DC hybrid power supply device.