JPH07312953A - Harvester for leaf vegetable - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To obtain the leaf harvester for mechanically harvesting a leaf vegetable such as spinach, Chrysanthemum coronarium or CHINGENSAI. CONSTITUTION:In a leaf vegetable harvester manufactured by locating a front treating part A and a travel part in the longitudinal direction and locating a working table on the upper surface of the travel part, end enabling the lateral sliding of the front treating part A on a front part-sliding frame 31 located on the front of the travel part in the lateral direction, a laterally moving screw mechanism 74 is arranged on the front-treating part-sliding frame 31. In the structure in which the front treating part A and the travel part are arranged in the longitudinal direction and in which the travel part is supported with two front wheels and two rear wheels, a vertically slidable wheel for the turning of the harvester is located between the two rear wheels. When the harvester is turned back, the vertically slidable wheel is projected downward from the two rear wheels, and when the harvester harvests leaf vegetables, the vertically slidable wheel is upward shunted from the leaf vegetables.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a leaf vegetable harvesting machine for mechanically harvesting leaf vegetables such as spinach, chrysanthemum and Chinese cabbage.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a technique in which a harvester for mechanically harvesting root vegetables such as carrots and radish is constituted by a pretreatment section and a running section has been known. For example, JP-A-5
No. 252812, No. 5-70224, No. 5-70225, No. 5-70225.
No. 26 and Japanese Utility Model Laid-Open No. 5-70227 disclose the technique.

[0003]

However, in the case of a root vegetable harvester, the leaf portion of radish or carrot is an unnecessary portion to be discarded after harvesting, so this portion should be retained. Since it is possible to carry out the carrying process, the structure of the carrying mechanism is easy. However, in the case of leafy vegetables, this leaf part is the most necessary part, and the root part is unnecessary, so it is necessary to cut at the upper end part of the root that has deviated from the root part during transportation. This operation becomes difficult. The present invention is a technique that enables a leafy vegetable harvesting machine by solving the above-mentioned problems of transporting leafy vegetables and root cutting.

[0004] Leaf vegetables cannot be harvested at one time because they are planted on flat ridges in a greenhouse in a multi-layered manner. Therefore, in the present invention, a four-wheel traveling unit B that can travel across flat ridges is configured, and a pretreatment unit that is slidable to the left and right is arranged at the front of the traveling unit B so that the traveling unit B runs in the same groove. While traveling back and forth, the pretreatment section A is configured to slide left and right for each line. For the left and right sliding of the pretreatment section A, a screw type sliding mechanism is provided in the pretreatment section slide frame.

Further, since the vehicle travels on a flat ridge, the rutted distance is wide, and even a steering wheel mechanism has a too large turning radius and cannot be turned in a vinyl house.
The front two wheels 28, 28 and the rear two wheels 27, 27 cannot be steered by turning, and the upper and lower wheels 88 for turning are provided between the rear two wheels 27, 27 so that they can project and turn only when turning. It is what

Further, the leaf vegetables Y with soil, which have been dug up by the vibrating excavating blade 8, are soiled by the soil removing belt 3, and then the leaf vegetables Y are passed over the root aligning plate 4. The root pulling belt 6 is used to pull the root to determine the position of the leafy vegetables Y with respect to the root cutting blade 12. The present invention, however, is arranged below the root pulling belt 6 to remove the soil removing belt 3. Above the above, a root guide plate K is provided for guiding the root and removing the soil adhered to the soil removing belt 3.

[0007]

The problems to be solved by the present invention are as described above. Next, the means for solving the problems will be described. In claim 1, the pretreatment section A and the traveling section B are arranged in front and rear, and the work table G is provided on the upper surface of the traveling section B.
In the leafy vegetable harvester in which the pretreatment unit A is slidable left and right on the pretreatment unit slide frame 31 provided in the left and right direction at the front of the traveling unit B, the pretreatment unit slide frame 31 A left and right moving screw mechanism is provided in the part.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, the front processing section A and the traveling section B are arranged front and rear, and the traveling section B is supported by the front two wheels 28 and 28 and the rear two wheels 27 and 27.
・ The upper and lower wheels 88 for turning are arranged between 27, and project downward from the rear two wheels 27, 27 at the time of turning.
It is the one that has been retracted above.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided a structure in which the pretreatment section A has the dirt removing belt 3, and the root aligning plate 4 and the root lowering belt 6 are vertically arranged at the rear of the dirt removing belt 3 so as to overlap each other. The root guide plate K is arranged between the rear end of the No. 3 and the bottom of the root lowering belt 6.

[0010]

[Operation] Next, the operation will be described. In claim 1, the seat 1L
An operator sitting at 1R can move the pretreatment unit A to the left or right while working while operating the left and right screw mechanism 74 provided on the pretreatment unit slide frame 31. Fine adjustment of the alignment can be performed. Further, even when the leafy vegetables Y are planted obliquely with respect to the flat ridges, the pretreatment section A can be slid to be aligned with this. Further, by projecting the sliding operation handles 80 and 82 to the left and right, either the left or right operator can operate the pretreatment section A to move left and right. By using the screw mechanism formed between the left-right moving screw mechanism 74 and the pretreatment slide frame 31, a simple mechanism can be obtained.

In the second aspect, since the center of gravity is located near the front two wheels 28, 28, a large operating force is not required to raise the turning upper and lower wheels 88, and the rear upper and lower wheels 88 allow the rear two wheels 27. In the state where 27 is floated, the front two wheels 28, 28 and the upper and lower wheels 88 for turning are set to the three-wheel support state, and the rounding of the field end becomes possible. Further, since the turning upper and lower wheels 88 are located at the position of the flat ridge where the leaf vegetables Y are planted, the leaf vegetables Y and the turning upper and lower wheels 8 are in a state where the turning upper and lower wheels 88 are projected.
8 interferes with each other, but by operating the up-and-down operation handle 84, the upper and lower wheels 88 for turning can be largely lifted, so that they do not interfere with the leafy vegetables Y.

In the third aspect, the root portion of the leafy vegetable Y is received by the root guide plate K in the portion where the soil removing belt 3 receives the root aligning plate 4 and the root lowering belt 6, so that it does not drop further. , Leaf vegetables Y did not fall out, and smooth transportation became possible. Further, since the root guide plate K scrapes off the mud adhering to the dirt removing belt 3, it prevents the mud adhering to the dirt removing belt 3 from increasing, and the conveyance irregularity of the dirt removing belt 3 is reduced and the conveying efficiency is reduced. Can be improved.

[0013]

EXAMPLES Next, examples will be described. 1 is an overall side view of the leaf vegetable harvester of the present invention, FIG. 2 is an overall plan view of the leaf vegetable harvester, FIG. 3 is an entire front view of the leaf vegetable harvester, and FIG. 4 is a portion of the pretreatment unit A. FIG. 5 is an overall side view of the pretreatment unit A, FIG. 6 is an enlarged side view of the root aligning plate 4, the root pulling down belt 6 and the root cutting blade 12 of the pretreatment unit A, and FIG. FIG. 8 is an enlarged side view showing the arrangement of the root guide plate K, FIG. 9 is an enlarged side view showing the arrangement of the root guide plate K, FIG. FIG. 10 is a drawing showing the relative position of the pretreatment slide frame 31 and the drive slide plate 29, FIG. 11 is a plan view showing a configuration in which the pretreatment slide A is used to slide the pretreatment A, and FIG. 12 is a mission. A perspective view showing a case C, a traveling drive motor N, and a clutch lever 38. 3 is a perspective view showing a lifting mechanism for turning up and down wheel 88.

1, 2 and 3, the overall structure of the leafy vegetable harvester will be described. The front two wheels 28, 28 and the rear two wheels 27, 27 are pivotally supported on the machine frame F to form a four-wheel traveling portion B. And the rear two wheels 27.2
The upper and lower wheels 88 for turning are arranged between the wheels 7, and they are projected at the time of turning, and are housed at the time of work. The body frame F is composed of the left and right wheel frames 30, 30 and the work frame 43, and the left and right work frames 43.
A workbench G is fixedly mounted on the upper surface of the leaf vegetable storage box 26. In addition, the motor frame 3 is provided between the rear two wheels 27, 27.
7, a drive shaft 39 penetrates the inside of the motor frame 37. A battery T, a mission case C, and a traveling drive motor N are arranged on the motor frame 37. Further, while being fixed to the motor frame 37, a lifting mechanism for the turning upper and lower wheels 88 is fixedly installed.
The rotation of the traveling drive motor N is input to a clutch mechanism provided with a clutch lever 38 and a mission case C, and from the mission case C to a drive shaft 39 and a drive chain case 4.
It is transmitted to the rear two wheels 27, 27 via 4 Further, since there is no steering mechanism at the rear part of the machine body frame F, a steering handle 46 operated by the operator is provided.

Work frame 43 and wheel frame 30.3
The vertical frames 34, 36 are interposed between 0, and the seat support frame 35 projects upward from the wheel frames 30, 30 at an intermediate position in the front and rear of the vertical frames 34, 36.
And a seat 1L.1 by the seat support frame 35.
Supports R. Further, a pretreatment slide frame 31 is installed between the front portions of the left and right work frames 43, and a reinforcing frame 45 is also interposed between the left and right vertical frames 34. The pretreatment slide frame 3
1 and the reinforcing frame 45, left and right work frame 43
In the gap, the pretreatment section A is slid by the sliding engagement plate 47 and the left-right moving screw mechanism 74 to enable adjustment of the striation.
Further, between the reinforcing frame 45 and the pretreatment section A, the elevating mechanism 10 for switching the pretreatment section A between the working state and the moving and conveying state is provided.

As shown in FIG. 2, the pretreatment section A projecting forward slides on the pretreatment section slide frame 31 left and right by the left and right screw mechanism 74, and the traveling section B steers the same passage. However, reciprocating work is possible by sliding only the pretreatment section A to the left and right, and aligning the pretreatment section A with the unharvested leaf vegetables. Since this leafy vegetable harvester harvests leafy vegetables that are planted in multiple rows on the flat ridge in the house, all leafy vegetables Y on the flat ridge must be harvested all at once. As the four wheels pass through the passage between the flat ridges and reciprocate, the pretreatment section A is gradually moved to the strip on the untreated side, and finally all of the flat ridges are Harvest Yaba Y.

The operators sit on the seats 1L and 1R protruding from the outside of the machine frame F, balance the left and right sides, and are processed by the preprocessing section A to be transported to the leaf vegetables. Leafy vegetable storage box 2 with a fixed number of Y
Work to arrange in 6. Further, in the leafy vegetable harvesting machine of the present invention, leafy vegetables are often planted in a vinyl house or the like. Therefore, when the pretreatment section A and the traveling section B are driven by an engine, the exhaust gas of the engine is vinyl. Since it accumulates inside the house and adversely affects the health of the operator, the pretreatment drive motor M and the traveling drive motor N are used to drive the pretreatment unit A and the traveling unit B, and exhaust gas is emitted from the house. I try not to fill the inside.

Next, referring to FIGS. 4, 5 and 6, the overall structure of the preprocessing section A will be described. The pretreatment drive motor M and the lifting mechanism 10 are installed on the motor mounting plate 29. The motor mounting plate 29 is provided with an upper left and right moving screw mechanism 74 and a lower sliding engagement plate 47. The left-right moving screw mechanism 74 is screwed onto the pre-processing portion slide frame 31, and the sliding engagement plate 47 is slidably mounted on the upper surface of the reinforcing frame 45 of FIGS. 1 and 10. Further, a supporting portion 32 of the horizontal conveyor 7 is formed on the motor mounting plate 29. The drive bevel gearbox 18 is fixed to the support portion 32.
A belt is wound around the input pulley 48 from the pretreatment drive motor M to transmit power.

The drive pulley 23 of the horizontal conveyor 7 is attached to the shaft protruding laterally from the drive bevel gear box 18.
Is fixed and drives the horizontal conveyor 7 constituted by a flat belt that rotates horizontally between the driven pulley 24 supported at the rear end of the support portion 32. On the horizontal conveyor 7, the leaf vegetables Y sandwiched and conveyed by the upper conveyor belt 5 are placed and conveyed in front of the left and right operators. Drive bevel gearbox 1
A drive pulley 15 for driving the leaf engaging transport belt 2 and a drive pulley 22 for the upper stock transport belt 5 are fixed to a shaft projecting upward from 8. The leaf engaging conveyor belt 2 with an engaging and holding projection is wound between the drive pulley 15 and the front driven pulley 14.

The leaf portion engaging and conveying belt 2 does not convey the leaf vegetables Y by sandwiching them, but merely engages and holds them so as not to drop them by the engaging and holding projections made of an elastic body. , Leaf vegetable Y is configured not to damage the leaf portion. Further, the stock conveyor upper conveyance belt 5 is interposed between the drive pulley 22 and the front driven pulley 21. Left and right urging springs 49 are arranged on the outer side of the upper stock conveyor belt 5 to guide the root of the leafy vegetable Y so as not to spread to the outside too much. The root cutting blade 12 is arranged at the rear of the driven pulley 21 at the front.

The root cutting blade 12 is forcibly driven to rotate, and has a constitution in which two disc blades on the left and right sides are overlapped at the center. The root cutting blade 12 is not limited to the forced drive type, and may be a non-driven type blade. Only the root portion is cut by passing the root portion of the leafy vegetable Y between the two root cutting blades 12. An intermediate chain is wound around a shaft protruding downward from the driven pulley 21 to drive the rear drive pulley 20. A root lowering belt 6 is wound between the drive pulley 20 and a front driven pulley 19.

A grass board 9 is arranged at the tip of the pretreatment section A. A driven pulley 14 is disposed below the grass plate 9, and the front end of the leaf engaging transport belt 2 is wound. A handle grip 11 for raising and lowering the pretreatment section A is arranged on the leaf engaging belt 2. Further, the vibration excavating blade 8 is arranged below the driven pulley 14. The vibrating digging blade 8 is composed of a U-shaped double-sided blade whose lower portion passes below the transport path. However, the blade is not limited to the U-shaped double-sided blade, and may be a single-sided blade. The vibrating digging blade 8 is driven by a vibrating link 13. The vibrating link 13 is driven by the drive pulley 51 to the driven pulley 7 in the front bevel gear box 17.
The power is transmitted to 2, and the eccentric cam provided in this portion is driven to move the vibration link 13 back and forth.

The soil removing belt 3 is driven by a drive shaft case 16 protruding forward from a drive bevel gear box 18 at the rear part, and a front bevel gear box 17 is arranged at the tip of the drive shaft case 16. . The drive pulley 71 is attached to the shaft extending laterally from the front bevel gear box 17.
Is fixed. The dirt removing belt 3 formed of a flat belt is wound between the drive pulley 71 and the driven pulleys 50 and 70. On the soil removing belt 3, the root portion of the leaf vegetables, which was excavated by the vibrating excavating blade 8 and whose upper portion was held by the leaf engaging and conveying belt 2, was placed on the root aligning plate 4 at the rear. Be guided.

The root aligning plate 4 has left and right plates arranged with a groove gap at the center through which the root portion of the leaf vegetables can pass, and the root portion of the leaf of the leaf vegetables passes through the groove gap. It is made impossible. Therefore, only the root portion projects downward from the groove gap, the root portion is sandwiched by the root pull-down belt 6, and the root pull-down belt 6 is gradually arranged so as to be gradually separated from the root alignment plate 4. Therefore, when pulling the root portion of the leafy vegetables downward, pulling to the position where the lower end portion of the leafy vegetables comes into contact with the root alignment plate 4, when cutting with the root cutting blade 12, The leaf vegetables are being positioned. An upper part of the conveyor belt 5 is extended at the position of the rear end of the root aligning plate 4, and the leaf vegetables whose roots have been cut by the root cutting blade 12 are clamped by the upper conveyor belt 5 and urged. It passes between the springs 49.

The lower leaf processing roller D, which is nipped by the upper conveyor belt 5 and passed through the biasing spring 49, is rotated by the lower leaf processing roller D, which is used during the growth of leaf vegetables and has finished its role. The leaf portion is locked by the leaf engaging transport belt 2 for the leafy vegetable leaf and the root portion upper transport belt 5 for the root portion.
It is configured to be removed by the lower leaf processing roller D in a state of being sandwiched by. The lower leaf processing roller D is driven by another motor. The leaf vegetables that have been engaged by the leaf engaging transport belt 2 above and passed through the stocker upper transport belt 5 are finally moved to the front of the operator by the horizontal transport conveyor 7 configured by a flat belt.

Next, referring to FIGS. 7, 8 and 9, the structure of the root guide plate K arranged between the dirt removing belt 3 and the root lowering belt 6 will be described. The root guide plate K scrapes off mud on the upper surface of the soil removing belt 3 extending below the root pulling belt 6 and guides the root portion hanging downward from the root pulling belt 6. In addition, the leaf vegetables Y are also not clamped by the root pull-down belt 6 and also serve to prevent the leaf vegetables Y from falling out from between the dirt removing belt 3 and the root pull-down belt 6. The root guide plate K has a configuration in which the front is inclined downward, but the invention is not limited to this inclination.

Next, referring to FIGS. 10 and 11, the left-right moving screw mechanism 7 formed on the slide frame 31 of the pretreatment section is used.
4 will be described. In this embodiment, a male screw 31a is engraved on the outer circumference of the pretreatment slide frame 31, and a female screw portion provided on the left-right moving screw mechanism 74 is screwed onto the male screw 31a. And the slide frame 3 of the pretreatment unit
Sliding operation handles 80 and 82 are provided at portions where both ends of 1 project from the work frame 43, and the operator can rotate the pretreatment unit A from the outside by rotating the work frame 43 from the outside.

Next, referring to FIG. 12, the structure of the traveling drive motor N and the clutch lever 38 will be described. A transmission case C is attached to the motor frame 37, a clutch mechanism is provided inside the transmission case C, and the clutch mechanism is operated by a clutch lever 38. The traveling drive motor N is driven by the clutch lever 38.
The power from the drive shaft 39 to the drive shaft 39 is cut off, and in this state, the upper and lower wheels 88 for turning are projected, and the steering handle 46 is operated to make a turn at the end of the field. The rotation of the traveling drive motor N is transmitted from the transmission case C to the drive shaft 39 penetrating into the motor frame 37, and the rear two wheels 27 are transmitted from the drive shaft 39 through the chain in the drive chain case 44.
・ It is transmitted to 27.

Next, referring to FIG. 13, a mechanism for projecting the turning upper and lower wheels 88 will be described. The support mechanism for the upper and lower turning wheels 88 is fixed to the motor frame 37. The elevating operation handle 84 rotates the bevel gear inside the bevel gear box 85, and rotates the vertical bevel gear inside the bevel gear box 85. A female screw cylinder is fixed to the vertical bevel gear, and the female screw cylinder is loosely fitted inside the outer cylinder 86. An upper and lower male screw 87 is screwed inside the outer cylinder 86, and a turning upper and lower wheel 88 is pivotally supported at the lower end of the upper and lower male screw 87. With this configuration, when the raising / lowering operation handle 84 is rotated, the upper and lower male screws 87 are moved up and down. The upper and lower male screws 87 are formed as caster wheels, and are rotatable around the upper and lower male screws 87 by 360 degrees.

[0030]

Since the present invention is constructed as described above, it has the following effects. Since the operator is seated on the seats 1L and 1R, the operator operates the right and left screw mechanism 74 provided on the slide frame 31 of the pretreatment unit to perform the pretreatment while the work traveling is performed. It is possible to move the part A from side to side, and fine adjustment of the alignment can be performed. Further, even when the leafy vegetables Y are planted obliquely with respect to the flat ridges, the pretreatment section A can be slid to be aligned with this. Further, by projecting the sliding operation handles 80 and 82 to the left and right, either the left or right operator can operate the pretreatment section A to move left and right. Left and right moving screw mechanism 7
By using the screw mechanism formed between the No. 4 and the slide frame 31 of the pretreatment section, a simple mechanism could be obtained.

The front two wheels 28 are constructed as described in claim 2.
Since there is a center of gravity near the position of 28, a large operating force is not required to raise the turning upper and lower wheels 88, and the front two wheels 28, 27 with the rear upper and lower wheels 88 floating. 28 and the upper and lower wheels 88 for turning, the three wheels are supported so that the field end can be turned around. Further, since the turning upper and lower wheels 88 are located at the position of the flat ridge where the leafy vegetables Y are planted, when the turning upper and lower wheels 88 are projected,
Although the leaf vegetables Y interfere with the upper and lower wheels 88 for turning, the upper and lower wheels 88 for turning can be largely lifted by operating the elevating operation handle 84, so that they do not interfere with the leaf vegetables Y.

According to the third aspect of the present invention, the root portion of the leafy vegetable Y is the root guide plate K in the portion inherited from the soil removing belt 3 to the root aligning plate 4 and the root lowering belt 6.
It will be caught by the
Leaf vegetables Y did not fall out, and smooth transportation became possible. Further, since the root guide plate K scrapes off the mud adhering to the dirt removing belt 3, it prevents the mud adhering to the dirt removing belt 3 from increasing, and the conveyance irregularity of the dirt removing belt 3 is reduced and the conveying efficiency is reduced. Can be improved.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is an overall side view of a leafy vegetable harvesting machine of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an overall plan view of the leafy vegetable harvester.

FIG. 3 is also a front view of the entire leafy vegetable harvester.

FIG. 4 is a plan view of a portion of a pretreatment unit A.

5 is an overall side view of the pretreatment unit A. FIG.

6 is an enlarged side view of the root aligning plate 4, the root pulling down belt 6 and the root cutting blade 12 of the pretreatment unit A. FIG.

FIG. 7 is an enlarged side view of the soil removing belt 3, the root aligning plate 4, and the root pulling down belt 6.

FIG. 8 is a perspective view showing an arrangement of a root guide plate K.

FIG. 9 is an enlarged side view showing the arrangement of a root guide plate K.

FIG. 10 is a drawing showing the relative positions of the pretreatment slide frame 31 and the drive slide plate 29.

FIG. 11 is a plan view showing a configuration in which a pretreatment unit A is slid by a pretreatment unit slide frame 31.

FIG. 12 is a perspective view showing a transmission case C, a traveling drive motor N, and a clutch lever 38.

FIG. 13 is a perspective view showing a lifting mechanism for the upper and lower turning wheels 88.

[Explanation of symbols]

 A pre-treatment section B running section D lower leaf treatment roller F machine frame G workbench K root guide plate 1L, 1R seat 2 leaf engaging conveyor belt 3 soil removal belt 4 root aligning plate 5 root upper conveyor belt 6 root pulling Unloading belt 7 Horizontal conveyor 8 Vibration excavating blade 9 Dividing board 12 Root cutting blade 74 Left and right moving screw mechanism 88 Upper and lower wheels for turning

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A pretreatment section A and a traveling section B are arranged in front and rear,
A workbench G is arranged on the upper surface of the traveling unit B, and the pretreatment unit A is slidable left and right on a pretreatment unit slide frame 31 provided in the left and right direction on the front portion of the traveling unit B. In the machine, a leaf vegetable harvester characterized in that a left-right moving screw mechanism 74 is provided on the slide frame 31 of the pretreatment section. 2. The pretreatment section A and the traveling section B are arranged in front and rear,
In a configuration in which the traveling part B is supported by the front two wheels 28, 28 and the rear two wheels 27, 27, the upper and lower wheels 88 for turning are arranged between the rear two wheels 27, 27 and project downward from the rear two wheels 27, 27 during turning. , A leafy vegetable harvester characterized in that it was retracted above leafy vegetable Y at the time of harvest. 3. A rear end of the soil removal belt 3 in which the pretreatment section A has a soil removal belt 3, and a root aligning plate 4 and a root pulling down belt 6 are vertically arranged at the rear of the soil removal belt 3. And a root guide plate K between the root lowering belt 6 and the lower part of the root lowering belt 6.