JPH07279683A - Crankless engine - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To convert compressive energy into mechanical power by a hydraulic turbine by giving the compressive energy to operating oil by a piston to be lowered by explosive force generated by burning fuel in a combustion engine. CONSTITUTION:In an engine wherein pistons 2 capable of being vertically reciprocated in a plurality of cylinders 1 are respectively provided, and the intake stroke, the compression stroke, the explosion stroke and the exhaust stroke are subsequentially repeated at the upper parts of cylinders, hydraulic cylinders 6 for compressing operating oil are provided on the lower parts of the cylinders, and operating oil valves 8 provided on the hydraulic cylinders 6, and to be opened only in the explosion stroke and a hydraulic turbine 10 to be rotated and driven by oil pressure to be supplied via the operating oil valves and an oil passage 9, and for obtaining mechanical power are provided, and the rotation of the hydraulic turbine is used as power. Thereby, the operating efficiency is improved, vibration or noise is not much generated, abrasion by side pressure of the pistons is decreased, therefore the reciprocating motion of the piston, by explosive force generated in the cylinders can be converted into the rotational motion without occupying large space.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention provides compression energy to hydraulic oil by a piston that descends due to an explosive force (expansion force) generated by burning fuel in a combustion chamber, and the compression energy is mechanically output by an output hydraulic turbine. The present invention relates to a crankless engine adapted to be converted into various powers.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventional engines generally use a crank mechanism to convert the reciprocating motion of a piston into a rotary motion. However, the engine using the crank mechanism has the following problems.

First of all, the crank mechanism involves energy loss. That is, about 80% of the explosive force of the engine hits the crank metal through the piston and a considerable amount of force is lost, and the surplus power is usually reflected to give about 20% to the crank. Therefore, as a result, a large energy loss and reduced efficiency of transportation are caused, and the crank mechanism is inherently unbalanced, and the unbalanced inertial force of the moving part causes vibration and noise. Issues such as ease of use can be considered.

Secondly, in order to reduce wear of the piston due to lateral pressure, it is necessary to lengthen the connecting rod, and the connecting rod rotates the crankshaft while performing a swinging motion. It occupies a large space, and as a result, problems such as the structure becoming complicated and upsizing can be considered.

As a modification, a structure (mechanism) that does not use a crank mechanism is conceivable. An example of such a case is examined in the prior art document, and there is a hydraulically driven reciprocating internal combustion engine disclosed in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 3-138424.

[0006]

Since the inventions of the above-mentioned prior art documents certainly do not employ the crank mechanism,
Problems associated with this, such as energy loss and reduced efficiency of transportation, are solved. However, in the present invention, since the hydraulic motor is adopted, a large amount of power is required for compressing the hydraulic oil, and since the hydraulic pump is provided, the mechanism becomes complicated and large, and the running or operating efficiency is reduced. Issues such as concerns are possible.

In view of the above, the present invention has good operating efficiency, less vibration and noise, reduces wear due to the side pressure of the piston, and does not occupy a large space without depending on the mechanical operation of the crank mechanism. It is to provide a crankless engine capable of converting the reciprocating motion of the piston due to the explosive force generated in 1. Alternatively, the crank mechanism is not used, and it is intended to save parts, reduce size, reduce weight, and reduce fuel consumption.

[0008]

A crankless engine according to the present invention comprises a piston capable of reciprocating up and down in each of a plurality of cylinders, and an intake stroke above the piston.
In an engine that sequentially performs a compression stroke, an explosion stroke, and an exhaust stroke, a hydraulic cylinder for compressing hydraulic oil is provided below the cylinder, and a hydraulic oil valve provided in the hydraulic cylinder and set to open only during the explosion stroke. And a hydraulic turbine that is rotationally driven by hydraulic pressure supplied via the hydraulic oil valve and the oil passage to obtain mechanical power, and the rotation of the hydraulic turbine is used as power.

[0009]

According to the present invention, when the engine is started, the air-fuel mixture in the plurality of cylinders is sequentially ignited at a predetermined timing to perform an intake stroke, a compression stroke, an explosion stroke and an exhaust stroke, respectively, and the piston, working piston and The lifting piston reciprocates up and down. Then, in the explosion stroke, when the piston, the working piston and the lifting piston are lowered by the explosive force of the air-fuel mixture, the working oil of the hydraulic cylinder is compressed by the lowering of the working piston, and the compressed working oil is It is guided to a hydraulic turbine through a hydraulic oil valve provided in a hydraulic cylinder, and is rotationally driven by the hydraulic turbine to obtain mechanical rotational power.

[0010]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing an operation process in one embodiment of a 4-cylinder 4-cycle crankless engine according to the present invention. And the four cylinders shown in the figure are
In each case, (A) intake air, (B) compression, (C) explosion, (D)
The exhaust stroke is sequentially performed.

The crankless engine according to this embodiment has four
Each cylinder 1 has an intake valve 3 and an exhaust valve 4 on its top. Further, each cylinder 1 has a combustion chamber 5 in which a piston 2 capable of reciprocating vertically is installed, and an operating piston 1 that moves up and down together with the piston 2.
A hydraulic cylinder 6 having a 2a therein is provided, and the center of the hydraulic cylinder 6 is composed of an elevating chamber 7 in which an elevating piston 2b for elevating the piston 2 and the working piston 2a is provided. . The space above the piston 2 in each cylinder 1 is a combustion chamber 5, which serves as a combustion chamber for a mixture of fuel and air. The space below the working piston 2a in the cylinder 1 is a hydraulic cylinder 6, which serves as a chamber for generating working oil. Further, the central space in which the lifting piston 2b provided in the center of the hydraulic cylinder 6 is installed is a lifting chamber 7, and the supply and discharge of air to the lifting chamber 7 raises and lowers the piston 2 and the working piston 2a. It is the room in charge. The hydraulic oil that has passed through the hydraulic oil valve 8 set to open below the hydraulic cylinder 6 only during the compression stroke rotationally drives the hydraulic turbine 10 for mechanical power generation through the oil passage 9. . Although the elevating chamber 7 is configured to move up and down via air, it may be configured to move up and down using hydraulic pressure. The oil passage 9 may be composed of an oil passage body 9a and a hydraulic oil passage 9a communicating with the hydraulic cylinder 6 as shown in the drawing.

Reference numeral 11 in the figure denotes a hydraulic oil return passage that connects the hydraulic turbine 10 and the oil chamber 12 to each other. The working oil that has finished working is returned to the oil chamber 12, and the hydraulic oil returned to the oil chamber 12 is It is returned to the hydraulic cylinder 6 through a hole 13 provided in the hydraulic cylinder 6. A valve 14 opens and closes the hole 13 and is closed when the hydraulic oil is compressed.

Next, each operation stroke will be described in detail. (A) Intake stroke The intake valve 3 is opened with the exhaust valve 4 and the hydraulic oil valve 8 closed, and a mixture of fuel and air is supplied, for example, to the compressor 15
Then, the gas is supplied to the combustion chamber 5 through the pipe 16 and the intake valve 3.

(B) Compression stroke When the intake is finished, the intake valve 3 is closed and the compressor 15
The compressed air is supplied to the elevating chamber 7 through the pipe 17, and the elevating piston 2b is pushed up. Therefore, the piston 2 and the working piston 2a rise, and the fuel-air mixture in the combustion chamber 5 is compressed by the piston 2. Further, the hydraulic oil filled in the oil chamber 12 is supplied to the opened hydraulic cylinder 6 through the hydraulic oil return passage 11 and the hole 13.

(C) Explosion stroke When the upper end surface of the piston 2 rises to near the top dead center, the mixture in the combustion chamber 5 is ignited by the spark ignition method, and the piston 2
The atmospheric pressure due to the rapid expansion of the volume due to the explosion of the air-fuel mixture acts on the upper end surface of the piston 2, and pushes down the piston 2, the working piston 2a, and the lifting piston 2b. Then, the working piston 2a applies pressure to the working oil in the hydraulic cylinder 6, and the working oil valve 8 of the working hydraulic cylinder 6 is opened, so that the working oil to which the pressure due to the explosion is applied is moved to the working oil valve 8 and the oil. It is sent to the hydraulic turbine 10 via the path 8 and rotationally drives the hydraulic turbine 10. A flywheel 18 is provided on a drive shaft 17 of the hydraulic turbine 10 to smooth the rotational movement of the hydraulic turbine 10.

(D) Exhaust stroke The hydraulic oil valve 8 is closed to stop the supply of hydraulic oil from the oil chamber 12 into the hydraulic cylinder 6, and the exhaust valve 4 of the cylinder 1 is opened to supply compressed air from the compressor 13. Supply. As a result, the piston 2 is pushed up and the air-fuel mixture in the combustion chamber 5 is exhausted from the exhaust valve 4.

The crankless engine operates by sequentially repeating the four strokes of intake, compression, explosion, and exhaust described above. Further, each of the above steps is repeated in each of the plurality of cylinders 1. And
Although the above description has been given of the embodiment of the crankless engine having four cylinders and four cycles, the present invention can be applied to the case of two cylinders, six cylinders and the like. The present invention can also be applied to a two-cycle engine.
Similarly, a crankless engine driven by hydraulic pressure is described, but the present invention can be applied to the case of hydraulic drive.

[0018]

As described above, the crankless engine of the present invention has good operating efficiency, little vibration and noise, reduces wear due to the side pressure of the piston, and occupies a large space in the cylinder. It has the excellent effect that the reciprocating motion of the piston due to the explosive force can be converted into the rotational mobility. Further, since the present invention has a structure in which the crank mechanism is not used, it is an invention that is very useful for saving parts, reducing the size and weight, and reducing the fuel consumption.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram for explaining an operation stroke of an embodiment of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Cylinder 2 Piston 2a Working Piston 2b Lifting Piston 3 Air Supply Valve 4 Exhaust Valve 5 Combustion Chamber 6 Hydraulic Cylinder 7 Lifting Chamber 8 Working Oil Valve 9 Oil Passage 10 Hydraulic Turbine 11 Working Oil Return Passage 12 Oil Chamber 13 Hole 14 Valve 15 Piping 16 Piping 17 Drive shaft 18 Flywheel

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A combustion chamber in which a reciprocating piston is installed in the upper space thereof, and a hydraulic cylinder in which a reciprocating working piston is installed in the lower space of the cylinder,
And a plurality of cylinders provided with an intake valve and an exhaust valve, each of which includes an elevating chamber in which an elevating piston for reciprocating the piston provided in the center of the hydraulic cylinder and a working piston are installed, and A hydraulic oil valve formed under the hydraulic cylinder and set to open only during the explosion stroke, an oil passage provided under the hydraulic cylinder, and rotationally driven by the hydraulic oil discharged from the oil passage of the hydraulic cylinder. A hydraulic turbine that generates mechanical power, and a hydraulic chamber that surrounds the plurality of cylinders that receives the hydraulic oil discharged from the hydraulic turbine,
Explosion of a mixture of fuel and air supplied to the combustion chamber, which includes an oil passage that connects the hydraulic chamber and the hydraulic cylinder, and a hydraulic oil return passage that connects the hydraulic turbine and the oil chamber. Thereby lowering the piston and the working piston to compress the working oil of the hydraulic cylinder, and the compressed working oil reaches the hydraulic turbine via the working oil valve / oil passage of the hydraulic cylinder, Rotating and driving the hydraulic turbine to generate mechanical power on the output side of the hydraulic turbine, and to raise the lowered piston and working piston by the lifting piston via air supply to the lifting chamber. A crankless engine featuring.