SU1733652A1 - Internal combustion engine - Google Patents

Abstract

Usage: engine. Summary of the invention: in an internal combustion engine having opposed cylinders (1), (13) with pistons

Description

FIELD OF THE INVENTION The invention relates to engine building, in particular, to internal combustion piston engines.

An internal combustion engine is known which contains opposed cylinders in which pistons are interconnected by a rod and one of which is a compressor one.

The disadvantages of such an engine are low efficiency and specific power, as well as the presence of increased lateral loads from the pistons on the cylinder walls.

Also known is the internal combustion engine with a regenerator-heat exchanger installed between the compressor and the working cylinder.

The main disadvantage of such an engine is the low specific power and the presence of increased lateral effects of the pistons on the cylinder walls.

The closest in technical essence and the achieved result is

an internal combustion engine with a crankshaft in the form of two cranks connected by two connecting rods with a piston rod.

The disadvantage of such an engine is low fuel economy and specific power.

The aim of the invention is to increase the economy and power density of an internal combustion engine.

This goal is achieved by that in a well-known internal combustion engine having opposed cylinders with pistons connected by a rod, and a crankshaft made in the form of two cranks connected by two connecting rods with a piston rod, according to the invention, the crankshaft radius is about 0.90. .0,95 lengths of rods, which ensures the delay of one piston at the top dead center (TDC), which is made by the worker, and the other at the bottom dead center (LDP), which is made by the compressor.

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thereby ensuring a higher filling ratio of the compressor cylinder due to the delay of the compressor piston at BDC, and more complete combustion of the fuel during the operating piston at TDC (i.e., heat is supplied at a higher pressure, as the fuel burns out with almost constant working volume). In addition, a heat exchanger is installed in the discharge line connecting the compressor and working cylinders to heat the compressed air with outgoing gases.

The drawing schematically shows an internal combustion engine with a relative arrangement of parts and mechanisms at the time when the working piston is located in the BDC.

The internal combustion engine consists of a working cylinder 1 connected to the engine housing, in which there is a working piston 2 connected to the rod 3, two connecting rods A pivotally connecting the rod 3 with two coaxial cranks 5 whose radius is 0.90. ..0.95 the length of the connecting rods 4, and rotating in opposite directions, transmitting torque through a kinematic connection (gears 7,8,9,10,11) to the output shaft 12 of the engine, opposite the compressor cylinder 13 connected to the housing the engine in which the compressor is located piston 14 connected to rod 3, heat exchanger 15, connecting exhaust pipe 16 of the compressor cylinder and suction pipe 17 of the working cylinder on one side and exhaust pipe 18 of the working cylinder to the exhaust pipe 19 on the other hand, inlet pipe 20 connected to the intake window of the compressor cylinder 13.

The device works as follows.

When moving the piston 2 of the working cylinder 1 from BDC to TDC, the connecting rods 4 rotate in opposite directions and when the piston approaches the TDC, i.e. when turning cranks 5 by 90 ° in opposite directions, the piston stops its further advancement due to a small difference in the lengths of cranks and connecting rods and with further rotation of the crank another 90 °, the piston will move only 2-10% of the whole piston stroke and come to TDC. A further rotation of the crank by 90 ° will also cause the piston to move 2-10% from TDC towards BDC, i.e. piston in the range of 180 ° rotation of the crank is almost in place

near TDC, and while the piston is located near TDC (in the range of rotation of the cranks 180 °) at the initial moment is supplied from the heat exchanger-regenerator

15 compressed hot air into the combustion chamber of the working cylinder 1. To purge the combustion chamber from the exhaust gases, the exhaust valve opens the inlet valve when it is closed for a time

necessary to clean the combustion chamber from waste gases. At the end of the air supply to the combustion chamber and the closing of the inlet valve, fuel is injected into the combustion chamber and ignited. Filing process

air and fuel ignition end when the piston approaches the TDC, i.e. when advancing the piston by 2-10% of its entire stroke. The fuel burns almost in constant volume, the gas pressure is significantly

the piston movement in the NMT will increase under the higher pressure, and, consequently, the work in the expansion stroke will be obtained significantly higher than during the combustion of fuel in a variable volume. Simultaneously with the exhaust stroke in the working cylinder, a suction stroke occurs in the compressor cylinder through the compressor suction inlet 20, since the compressor piston slows down

its movement at NMT (similar to the working piston at TDC), then the filling ratio of the compressor cylinder increases, and when the piston moves in the working cylinder from TDC to NTC, the air from the cylinder

compressing the compressor, it enters the heat exchanger-regenerator, which, in turn, is the accumulator of hot air.

Thus, during one stroke of the piston, the expansion of gas in the engine's working cylinder and the process of compressing air in the compressor, as well as the preparation of the working fluid in the heat exchanger-regenerator, occur simultaneously. Upon further movement of the engine piston from NMT to TDC, exhaust gases from the main line 18 through the heat exchanger and at the same time filling the engine combustion chamber with the working body through the main line 17 and fuel injection directly into the combustion chamber occur.

The claimed internal combustion engine has the following advantages: the process of heat supply in the cycle is achieved at a practically constant volume, which increases the useful operation of the cycle;

increased filling ratio of the compressor cylinder, which is especially important for high-speed engines.

Claims (2)

1. Internal combustion engine, comprising a housing with opposed cylinders, pistons placed in cylinders and rigidly interconnected by a rod, two coaxial cranks kinematically interconnected with the possibility of rotation in opposite directions, two connecting rods pivotally connected to the piston rod and cranks distinguishing0 so that, in order to increase efficiency by delaying the pistons at the dead center, the crank radius is 0.90,., 0.95 the length of the connecting rod. 2. The engine according to claim 1, about tl and h ay i u and - so. that is equipped with a heat exchanger, one of the opposite cylinders is made compressor, and in the discharge line connecting the compressor and working cylinders, a heat exchanger is installed. eight 12 sixteen 3