JPH0727668A - Inspecting apparatus for gear - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To accurately, stably inspect gears by obtaining a minimum point of a waveform signal based on an oscillating amount and deciding propriety based on a maximum engaging value. CONSTITUTION:Each time a gear 2 to be inspected is engaged with a master gear 1, a rotary shaft 3 is oscillated, a waveform signal is output from a differential transformer 5, and a pulse signal is output from a rotary encoder 6. An inspecting circuit 10 sequentially fetches and stores the waveform data. When fetching of the data of one revolution of the gear 2 is completed, a minimum waveform point is obtained from the stored entire data, and stored in the circuit 10. Then, a CPU of the circuit 10 calculates a reference value of arbitrary one waveform, calculates an engaging value of each detecting point, sequentially stores them in a RAM of the circuit 10, and obtains a maximum engaging value of them. When the maximum engaging value of the entire waveform is obtained, these values are compared with the maximum value of a gear of a non-defective product, and propriety of the gear 2 is decided according to whether the difference falls within a preset allowable range or not.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a gear inspecting device for inspecting an eccentricity of a gear shaft, a tooth shape defect, or the like.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, as a gear inspection device for inspecting the degree of eccentricity of a gear shaft or a tooth shape defect, a gear to be inspected is shaken with respect to a master gear (a gear having no eccentricity defect or shape defect). There is used a device for inspecting by detecting the amplitude generated in the gear to be inspected while movably meshing and rotating the gear to be inspected.

In this inspection apparatus, the swing of the gear to be inspected during rotation is detected by a differential transformer, a tooth meshing waveform signal is output from the differential transformer, and the peak value of the meshing waveform is output by a peak hold circuit. The detected values were compared and the maximum values thereof were compared with a preset normal peak value, and the quality of the gear was inspected depending on whether the difference was within an allowable range.

[0004]

However, the conventional inspection device of this kind detects the peak value of the waveform by applying the meshing waveform signal to the peak hold circuit, but the operation of the peak hold circuit is likely to become unstable. If there is an error in the detected peak value, there is a problem that the inspection accuracy is lowered.

The present invention has been made in view of the above points, and provides a gear inspection device capable of stably inspecting an eccentricity of a gear shaft, a tooth shape defect, and the like with high inspection accuracy. The purpose is to do.

[0006]

In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the gear inspection device of the present invention, as shown in the configuration diagram of FIG. In an inspection device that engages with a gear and rotates to detect the amount of oscillation of the gear to be inspected and inspects the gear, it detects the amount of oscillation of the gear to be inspected and outputs a waveform signal indicating the amount of oscillation. Means and the waveform signal output from the swing amount detecting means, a waveform data storage means for sequentially fetching and storing the waveform values of the respective detection points set for each constant rotation angle of the gear to be inspected as waveform data, and the waveform data. A minimum point search means for sequentially comparing the waveform data stored in the storage means to obtain a waveform minimum point of the waveform signal, and a half of the difference between the waveform values of two adjacent waveform minimum points as the reference value, Reference from the waveform value at the detection point The calculated each meshing value by subtracting,
The maximum meshing value is calculated for each meshing value, and the maximum meshing value calculating means for determining the maximum meshing value, and the judging means for judging the quality of the gear to be inspected based on the maximum meshing value.

[0007]

In the gear inspection device having such a structure, the inspected gear pivotally supported is rotatably driven by meshing with the non-defective master gear, and the amount of oscillation of the inspected gear generated at that time is oscillated. The motion amount detecting means detects and outputs a waveform signal indicating the swing amount. The waveform data storage means sequentially acquires, as waveform data, the waveform value of each detection point set for each constant rotation angle of the gear to be inspected for the waveform signal output from the swing amount detection means and stores it.

Then, the minimum point searching means sequentially compares the waveform data stored in the waveform data storage means to obtain the waveform minimum point of the waveform signal. Further, the maximum value calculating means uses half of the difference between the waveform values of the adjacent two waveform minimum points as a reference value, subtracts the reference value from the waveform value of each detection point to calculate each meshing value, and meshes each meshing. The maximum value is calculated, and the maximum value is determined.

This maximum meshing value greatly appears according to the amount of eccentricity of the shaft of the gear to be inspected or the tooth shape defect, and the judging means compares the maximum meshing value with a preset value of a good product,
If the difference is within the allowable range, it is determined as a good product, and if it is outside the allowable range, it is determined as a defective product.

[0010]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a schematic block diagram of a gear inspection device. Reference numeral 1 denotes a master gear (gear having no eccentricity defect or shape defect), which is rotatably supported at a fixed position. 2 is a gear to be inspected, which is arranged in mesh with the master gear,
The rotating shaft 3 of the inspected gear 2 is swingably supported.

When the gears 1 and 2 mesh and rotate, the rotary shaft 3 swings each time the teeth mesh, and the gear 2 to be inspected
If there is eccentricity or a defective shape, the swing amplitude corresponding to the eccentricity occurs. The rotating shaft 3 is linked to the motor 4 via a rotation transmission system, and is rotated at a speed of, for example, about 50 to 100 rpm by driving the motor 4 during inspection.

Reference numeral 5 is a differential transformer arranged in association with the rotary shaft 3 and serves as a swing amount detecting means for detecting the swing amount of the rotary shaft 3 and outputting a voltage signal according to the swing amount. 6
Is a rotary encoder that outputs a number of pulse signals according to the rotation angle of the rotary shaft 3, and for example, 2048
Output pulse. Output sides of the differential transformer 5 and the rotary encoder 6 are connected to the inspection circuit 10.

As shown in FIG. 2, the inspection circuit 10 is mainly composed of a microcomputer, and 11 is a CP.
U and 12 are ROM, 13 is RAM, 15 is an A / D converter, 16 is an input / output circuit, and 17 is a display, and the units are mutually connected via a common bus.

The CPU 11 executes a gear inspection process, which will be described later, based on the program data stored in the ROM 12 in advance. The RAM 13 stores the number of teeth of the gear 2 to be inspected and the number of inspection points per tooth, which is input from a keyboard or the like, and at the time of inspection, waveform value data of each point of the meshing waveform signal sent from the differential transformer 5 The data such as the maximum meshing value described later are stored in order.

The output side of the differential transformer 5 is connected to the A / D converter 15 via the amplifier 14, and the output side of the rotary encoder 6 is connected to the input / output circuit 16. Display 17
Is composed of a liquid crystal display, a CRT, etc., and displays numerical values such as the maximum meshing value and inspection results.

The inspection device having the above structure operates as follows to inspect the gear.

When the gear to be inspected 2 meshes with the master gear 1 and starts to rotate by the driving of the motor 4, the gear 2 to be detected (rotary shaft 3) oscillates every time the teeth of both gears 1 and 2 mesh. The differential transformer 5 outputs an interlocking waveform signal (voltage signal) as shown in FIG. This waveform signal is amplified by the amplifier 14 and input to the A / D converter 15 to be converted into a digital value. Further, from the rotary encoder 6, a pulse signal (for example, 1
In case of 2048 pulses per rotation, 1 pulse / about 0.17
6 degrees) is output.

When the inspection is started and the CPU inputs this pulse signal, the CPU proceeds from step 100 to step 110 to take in the swing amount of the rotating shaft 3, that is, the waveform value (waveform data) from the A / D converter 15 at that time. , RAM
It is stored in a predetermined memory area of 13. Next, step 1
At 20, it is determined whether or not the waveform data for one rotation has been acquired. If the acquisition of the waveform data for one rotation has not been completed, the process returns to step 100 and every time a pulse signal from the rotary encoder 6 is input. , The waveform data is fetched and stored in order.

When the waveform data (for example, 2048 data) for one rotation of the gear 2 to be inspected is completed, the routine proceeds to step 130, where the waveform minimum point (waveform as shown in FIG. 5 is selected from all the stored waveform data. Bottom points P1 and P of
2) is asked. For the waveform minimum point, for example, the front and back of each waveform data in the memory are sequentially compared, and the waveform data immediately before the portion where the decreasing waveform value turns into an increase is obtained. The waveform minimum points P1 to Pn thus obtained are RA
Sequentially stored in M.

Next, the CPU 11 at step 140,
Reference value M in any one waveform ₀ To M₀ = | P₁ 
-P₂ Calculated from the formula | / 2. Here, the reference value M₀ 
Is the bottom of any one waveform, as shown in FIG.
It is the value of the reference point M, which is the midpoint between the points P1 and P2.
R, P₁ And P₂ Is the value of the lowest point P1, P2 of the waveform
It

Next, at step 150, the mesh value Kn
Is calculated from the equation of Kn = dn−M ₀ . That is, the meshing values K1, K2, ... Kn at the respective detection points are calculated as K1 = d ₁ −
It is calculated as M ₀ , K 2 = d ₂ −M ₀ , K ₃ = d ₃ −M _0, etc. This mesh value Kn is, as shown in FIG.
Each waveform value d ₁ , d of each detection point d ₁ , d ₂ , d 3, ... dn
₂ , d ₃ , d ₄ , ... D _n minus the reference value M ₀ , and the distance of each point from the reference point M on the oscillation waveform,
That is, it indicates the size of the waveform.

The meshing values K1 and K obtained in this way
2, ... Kn are sequentially stored in RAM, and then step 1
At 60, the maximum value is searched from the data of these meshing values K1, K2, ... Kn, and the maximum meshing value Km is obtained.
And

Then, in step 170, it is judged whether or not the meshing maximum value Km has been calculated for all the waveforms, and if not calculated, then the process returns to step 140, and the next waveform is described above. Similarly, the reference value M ₀ is calculated. Then, the meshing value Kn is calculated by repeatedly executing the steps 150 to 160, and the meshing maximum value Km is obtained.

In this way, when the meshing maximum value Km is obtained for all the waveforms, the process proceeds from step 170 to step 180, and the data of the meshing maximum value Km and the preset maximum meshing value of non-defective gears are set. When the difference exceeds the preset allowable range, the inspected gear is judged to be defective, and if it does not exceed the allowable range, the inspected gear is judged to be good and the judgment result is It outputs to the display unit 17 together with the data of the maximum meshing value Km.

In order to shorten the calculation time, the number of detection points d1, d2, d3, ... dn in one waveform is set to be smaller, and the meshing value Kn and the meshing maximum value K are set.
You may make it calculate m.

Further, in the above embodiment, steps 140 to 16 are started with the lowest points P1 and P2 in each waveform as starting points.
The maximum meshing value Km was calculated for each waveform by calculating 0, but as shown in FIG. 6, the start point of the calculation in step 140 is sequentially shifted from point P1 to point d1 and point d2. It is also possible to calculate the meshing value Kn and the meshing maximum value Km for each section by shifting the respective calculation sections A from the lowest point P1 to the point P2 as described above such as section B and section C. . By doing so, it is possible to perform a more detailed waveform analysis as compared with the case where the calculation is started from each lowest point and the meshing maximum value Km is calculated only once for each waveform.

[0028]

As described above, according to the gear inspection device of the present invention, the instability of the peak hold circuit is higher than that of the device for inspecting only based on the peak value obtained by the conventional peak hold circuit. The inspection accuracy does not deteriorate, and the maximum meshing value is calculated using the waveform data of multiple detection points on the waveform, and the quality of the gear under test is determined based on that maximum value. Or, it is possible to stably inspect a tooth shape defect or the like with high inspection accuracy.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram of an inspection apparatus showing an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a block diagram of an inspection circuit.

FIG. 3 is a flowchart showing the operation of the inspection circuit.

FIG. 4 is a waveform diagram of a waveform signal at the time of inspection.

FIG. 5 is a waveform diagram showing each detection point.

FIG. 6 is a waveform diagram showing a calculation section.

FIG. 7 is a configuration diagram of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1-master gear, 2-inspected gear, 3-rotation shaft, 5-differential transformer, 6-rotation encoder, 10-inspection circuit.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. An inspection apparatus for inspecting a gear by inspecting a gear to be inspected, which is pivotally supported by meshing with a non-defective master gear, and rotationally driven to detect the amount of oscillation of the gear to be inspected. A swing amount detecting means for detecting the swing amount of the inspection gear and outputting a waveform signal indicating the swing amount, and a waveform signal output from the swing amount detecting means are set for each constant rotation angle of the gear to be inspected. A waveform data storage unit that sequentially captures and stores the waveform value of each detection point as waveform data, and a minimum point search that finds the waveform minimum point of the waveform signal by sequentially comparing each waveform data stored in the waveform data storage unit. Means and half of the difference between the waveform values of two adjacent waveform minimum points as a reference value, the reference value is subtracted from the waveform value of each detection point to calculate each meshing value, and each meshing value Find the maximum value and A maximum value calculation means meshing the maximum value each other seen, the inspection system of the gear, characterized in that it comprises a judging means for judging quality obtaining step gear based on the meshing maximum value.