JPH07269266A - Excavation method and excavator using wire saw - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To excavate a wall surface an arbitrary cross section shape and permit the execution of excavation work easily without any particular need for an excavation anchor or driving work. CONSTITUTION:An (n) angle-shaped cross section is planned on a wall surface C where guide holes Ca are drilled in parallel from each of apexes from A1 to An. An (n) number of support arms 14 to 17 are inserted into these guide holes while a wire saw 11 is adapted to run along two support arms of the apexes A1 and A2 by way of the these tips, thereby excavating continuously up to a specified depth but one side is excluded between the two support arms for the apexes A1 and A2. The wire saw 11 is removed from the tip of the support arms which exclude the two support arms for the apexes Al and A2 and allowed to run, thereby cutting and excavating the tip surface. While pulling out the support arms along the guide hole Ca, one side left over between the apexes A1 and A2 is cut, thereby producing a post-shaped block in (n) angle- shaped cross section.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an excavating method and an excavating device using a wire saw for excavating a rock or a wall of a building in a columnar shape with a wire saw.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art The following method is available as a method for excavating a rock bed or the like in a free section without blasting. (1) A method of excavating rock while crushing rock using a cross-section excavator such as a road head or boom header. Although such an excavator has a high crushing capacity for crushing bedrock and the like, it is generally large in size. Therefore, for example, when excavating a tunnel or the like, the excavator itself is limited to have a cross-sectional area larger than that which allows the excavator itself to enter, and it is not possible to excavate a relatively small cross-section.

(2) Excavation method using a wire saw. As such an excavation method, JP-A-4-20697
There is a ground cutting method shown in Japanese Patent Publication. 15 to 18
[Fig. 6] is an explanatory view showing the construction procedure.

In this excavation method, as shown in FIG. 15, a hole 5a is formed in the ground 5 by the excavation device 6, and the hole 5a is formed in FIG.
As shown in, the cutting anchor 4 is inserted, and the umbrella-shaped locking portion 1 at the tip thereof is driven into the ground 8. At this time, anchor 4
The wire saw 7 is hung on the pulley 3 pivotally mounted on the pulley mounting member 2 that rotates around the shaft center at the rear end, and the wire saw 7 is inserted into the hole 5a together with the anchor 4. Thereafter, while the wire saw 7 is driven by the driving device 9 outside the hole 5a, the wire saw 7 is expanded around the pulley 3 of the cutting anchor 4 as shown in FIG. The wire saw 7 is swiveled around the axis of 5a to cut the ground 5 into a conical shape.

[0005]

However, the excavation method using the wire saw as described above has the following drawbacks.

(1) After the hole 5a has been drilled in the ground, the cutting anchor 4 must be driven into the bottom of the hole 5a. However, it is not possible to drive the cutting anchor 4 into the tip of the deeply drilled hole 5a. It is a difficult task and complicated, and it takes a long time.

(2) Since the wire saw 7 is turned around the cutting anchor 4, the cross-sectional shape of the tunnel to be excavated is limited to a circular shape. (3) Wire saw 7 centering on the cutting anchor 4
As a result, the ground is cut out in a conical shape, resulting in an increase in the area to be cut.

Therefore, the first object of the present invention is to provide an excavation method and an excavation device using a wire saw capable of excavating a wall surface into an arbitrary cross-sectional shape, without the need for a cutting anchor or its driving operation. Providing an excavating method and an excavating device using a wire saw that can easily perform excavating work.
The purpose of. A third object is to make it possible to carry out the sliding out easily.

[0009]

The excavation method of the present invention is as follows. While planning an n-sided cut-out section on the wall surface of the rock to be excavated and drilling guide holes in parallel from their respective vertices A1 to An, while simultaneously inserting n support arms into these guide holes, By running the wire saw along the two support arms of the vertices A1 and A2 via the tips of the n support arms, the sides except the one between the vertices A1 and A2 of the n-sided cut cross section are removed. A step of cutting and cutting to a required depth, and a step of removing the wire saw from the tip of the supporting arm excluding the two supporting arms of the vertices A1 and A2 and running the wire saw to cut the cutting tip surface. , A step of cutting the supporting arm along the guide hole and cutting the remaining one side between the apexes A1 and A2 to cut it out as a columnar block having an n-gonal cross section. In addition, the columnar block H cut out
May be placed on the drawer plate 31 and pulled out.

The excavating device of the present invention is as follows. The n support arms to be inserted into the guide holes Ca formed in the wall surface C to be excavated, such as a rock bed, are distributed to the apexes A1 to An of the n-sided polygon and arranged in parallel with each other. A wire saw 11 is stretched movably along the two support arms of apexes A1 and A2 via the tip. Further, a wire removing mechanism 24 is provided for removing the wire saw 11 from the tip of the support arms other than the two support arms of the vertices A1 and A2 in the guide hole Ca.

The wire removing mechanism includes a wire guide member for guiding the wire saw 11 so that the wire saw 11 can travel, for example, a pulley 19, and a wire remover 22 for separating the wire saw 11 guided by the pulley 19 from the pulley 19. And 23 are preferred. In this case, the columnar block H cut out with the wire saw 11
It may be provided with a drawer plate 31 on which is mounted and can be drawn out.

[0012]

The operation of the excavating method of the present invention is as follows. By moving the wire saw while inserting n support arms into the n guide holes at the same time, the sides except one side between the vertices A1 and A2 of the cut section of the n-sided polygon are cut to proceed to the required depth.

Next, the wire saw is detached from the tips of the support arms excluding the two support arms of the vertices A1 and A2, and the detached portion is pulled toward the tips of these two support arms to run the wire saw. By doing so, the cut-out tip surface is cut. After that, while pulling out the support arm along the guide hole, one side left between the apexes A1 and A2 is cut to be cut out as a columnar block having an n-gonal cross section. If the cut-out columnar block is placed on the drawer plate, it can be easily drawn out.

The operation of the excavator using the wire saw of the present invention is as follows. n-sided vertices A1 to An
N support arms, which are distributed in parallel with each other,
Insert into a guide hole formed in the wall surface of the rock to be excavated. According to this insertion, the vertex A1 of the cut-out section of n-gon
The sides except one between A2 are cut. When the wire saw is cut to the required depth, the wire removing mechanism removes the wire saw from the tip of the support arm excluding the two support arms of the vertices A1 and A2 in the guide hole.

Then, the wire saw is run to cut the tip end surface. The above-mentioned vertices A1-A2 left while pulling out the support arm along the guide hole
One side is cut to form a columnar block having an n-sided cross section. In this case, if the columnar block is placed on the drawer plate, it can be drawn out at the same time as the drawer plate.

[0016]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a side view showing the entire excavating device using a wire saw as an embodiment, FIG. 2 is a partial perspective view showing a main part of the device, and FIG. 3 is a lower side support shown by a surrounding line B in FIG. FIG. 4 is an enlarged perspective view showing the structure of the tip part of the arm, FIG. 4 is an enlarged perspective view showing the structure of the tip part of the upper support arm shown by the encircling line A in FIG. 2, and FIG. 5 is a structure of the tip part of the upper support arm. FIG. 6 is a partially enlarged sectional view showing the structure of the tip portion of the upper support arm.

As shown in FIG. 1, the present apparatus has a cutting portion 10 which is inserted into a guide hole Ca formed from a wall surface C of a rock or the like to cut the rock or the like, and an endless shape which is stretched on the cutting portion 10. The wire saw 11 is circulated and driven to travel, and includes a drive adjustment unit 12 that adjusts the tension of the wire saw 11, and a crawler body 13 that travels while holding the cutting unit 10 on the front side.

The cutting portion 10 is provided with four long supporting arms 14 to 17 (see FIG. 2) which are distributed at the apexes of the quadrangle and are supported in parallel to each other so that rock mass or the like can be cut into a square cross section. Between the tips of the support arms 14 to 17 and the wire saw 11 continuously stretched in the two support arms 14 and 15 on the lower side, and the tip of the two support arms 16 and 17 on the upper side of the wire saw 11. And a wire removing mechanism 18, 18 (see FIGS. 3, 5 and 6) for removing the wire. In addition, 11 'in FIG. 2 is a wire saw 11
Is removed from the upper two support arms 16 and 17.

Each of the four support arms 14 to 17 is in the shape of a rectangular tube and has an open front end on the wall C side. A pulley 19 as a wire guide member that guides the wire saw 11 is rotatably attached to the tip surfaces of the support arms 14 to 17 in parallel with the tip surfaces. Further, auxiliary pulleys 20 and 20 for guiding the wire saw 11 are rotatably mounted in the tip portions of the lower two support arms 14 and 15 at right angles to the pulley 19 (see FIG. 4). .

The wire saw 11 is inserted through the lower two support arms 14 and 15, and the upper two support arms 1 are provided via the pulleys 19 and 19 at the tip end surfaces thereof.
It is hung around the pulleys 19 and 19 of 6, 17 and 4
It is stretched downward in a U-shape between the ends of the book support arms 14 to 17 (see FIG. 2). Then, the drive adjusting unit 12 allows the tension to be increased / decreased while being circulated for traveling.

Pulley 1 of upper support arms 16 and 17
The actuators 9 and 19 are fixed to a rotating rod 21 which is moved in the front-rear direction (D1 and D2 directions) by an actuator (not shown), and as shown in FIG. And the support arm 16,
17 and moves to a retracted position (b) that allows the wire saw 11 to be detached.

Plate-shaped wire removers 22 and 23 for removing the wire saw 11 from the pulley 19 are provided in the tips of the upper two support arms 16 and 17. As shown in FIGS. 3, 5 and 6, the wire removers 22 and 23 have tapered inclined portions 22a and 23a that incline toward the pulley 19 side.

These wire removers 22 and 23 are
It is fixed to a moving rod (not shown) that moves in the D1 and D2 directions, and an operating position (c) that separates the wire saw 11 guided by the pulley 19 from the pulley 19 and a retracted position that does not contact the wire saw 11. (D) It is designed to move to.

In this embodiment, the upper support arms 16 and 1
7 pulleys 19, 19, wire removers 22, 2
The wire removing mechanism 18, 18 is constituted by 3 and an actuator (not shown) for moving these.

That is, when the wire removers 22 and 23 are moved from the retracted position (d) to the operating position (c), the inclined portions 22a and 23a of the wire removers 22 and 23 push up the wire saw 11 and separate it from the pulley 19. .

When the pulley 19 is moved to the retracted position (b) and the wire removers 22 and 23 are returned to the retracted position (d) in this separated state, the wire saw 11 is moved to the upper two positions. Of the support arms 16 and 17 of the above. Note that (e) shown in FIGS. 5 and 6 shows a position where the wire saw 11 can be guided by the pulley 19 to travel, and (f) shows a position where the wire saw 11 is separated from the pulley 19.

Next, the excavation method will be described. When the tunnel D is formed on the wall surface C as shown in FIG. 7, the planned excavation cross section of the tunnel D is adjusted by, for example, a boring machine G (see FIG. 8) in accordance with the vertices A1 to A4 of each of the rectangular cut-out cross sections Cb. A large number of guide holes Ca are formed in the whole. The depth of the guide hole Ca may be set in consideration of the length dimension of the support arms 14 to 17, but may be deeper than the length.

When the four supporting arms 14 to 17 are pushed by the crawler main body 13 and inserted into the four guide holes Ca of the vertices A1 to A4 at the same time while the wire saw 11 is running, the wire saw 11 is moved to the vertices A1-. The other side (see FIG. 7) except one side between A2 is cut into a groove shape.

That is, between the guide hole Ca into which the support arm 15 is inserted and the guide hole Ca into which the support arm 16 is inserted (between the vertices A2 and A3), the guide hole Ca into which the support arm 16 is inserted and the support arm 17 are inserted. Between the guide holes Ca (apex A3-A4) and between the guide hole Ca into which the support arm 17 is inserted and the guide hole Ca into which the support arm 14 is inserted (apex A4-A1) are downward U-shaped. Be cut at the same time.

Once the guide hole Ca has been cut to the required depth, the wire saw 11 is stopped or the wire removing mechanism 18 is operated as described above while maintaining its running state, and the wire saw 11 is removed. Upper 2
When removed from the tips of the book support arms 16 and 17, the disengaged portion 11a becomes loose (see FIG. 10).

When the wire saw 11 is run in this state, the portions 11a of the upper two supporting arms 16 and 17 that are disengaged from the tips are attracted to the lower ends of the two supporting arms 14 and 15. The cut-out tip end face indicated by F in FIG. 11 is cut. The wire saw 11 is drawn into the lower support arms 14 and 15 by the tension applied to the wire saw 11 as the cutting of the cut-out tip surface F progresses, and when the cutting of the cut-out tip surface F is completed, the lower side There is a tension between the tips of the support arms 14 and 15.

After that, when the cutting portion 10 is moved in the direction of extracting from the guide hole Ca (see FIG. 11), one side between the vertices A1 and A2 into which the lower two supporting arms 14 and 15 are inserted is cut. , From the guide holes Ca, Ca to the support arm 14,
When 15 is extracted, it is cut out as a square columnar block H (see FIG. 12).

The cut out square columnar block H is pulled out from the wall surface C, loaded on a truck J or the like waiting in the rear as shown in FIG. When the same cutting operation is repeated a necessary number of times while the cutting portion 10 is inserted into and extracted from the other required guide hole Ca, and the necessary excess digging is performed, the tunnel D having a desired shape shown in FIG. 7 is formed. It

FIG. 14 shows another embodiment of this apparatus. Although this device and the above-mentioned embodiment have almost the same configuration,
The structure of the cutting part 24 is different. This cutting part 24
Four support arms 25 to 28 are provided, and the wire saw 11 is attached to the tip end surface of each of the support arms 25 to 28.
A pulley 19 that guides is rotatably attached. Further, auxiliary pulleys 20 and 20 which are orthogonal to the pulleys 19 and 19 and which guide the wire saw 11 inserted into the support arms 27 and 28 are rotatable in the tip portions of the upper two support arms 27 and 28. Is attached to.

The wire saw 11 is inserted through the upper two support arms 27 and 28 so that the pulley 1 at the tip thereof is inserted.
It is hung around the pulleys 19 of the two lower support arms 25 and 26 via 9 and is stretched upward in a U-shape at the tip end surface. That is, in this embodiment, the wire removing mechanism (not shown) as described above is provided on the lower support arms 25 and 26 side.

Of the four supporting arms 25 to 28, grooves 30 and 30 (one of which is not shown) are formed on the side surfaces of the two lower supporting arms 25 and 26 which face each other. A pull-out plate 31 on which the cut-out rectangular columnar block H is placed and pulled out is detachably supported between 30.

When the cutting portion 24 is pulled out from the guide hole, the pull-out plate 31 is pushed out from the grooves 30, 30 in the direction D1 and is left under the cut-out square columnar block H. . Therefore, when the cutting portion 24 is pulled out from the guide hole, the cut out square columnar block H is placed on the pull-out plate 31. Then, when pulling out the rectangular columnar block H to the outside of the wall surface, the end portion of the pullout plate 31 may be grasped and pulled out.

The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, but various modifications can be made within the scope of the gist thereof, and the following structure may be adopted. (1) In the above-described embodiment, the device in which the wire saw is stretched in a U-shape connecting the four support arms has been described.
The three support arms may be arranged so as to form the apexes of a triangle, and a wire saw may be stretched on the tip surfaces of these support arms so as to form an upward or downward V-shape. Further, five or more support arms are arranged so as to form an apex of an n-gon, and a wire saw is stretched along the two support arms of apexes A1 and A2 via the tips of the support arms. May be.

(2) In the wire removing mechanism described above,
A case has been described in which the wire saws stretched over the upper two support arms are removed at substantially the same timing to cut out and cut the leading end surface, but the following may be done.
Of the two upper support arms, the wire saw stretched on one support arm is removed, the tip end surface is partially cut out, and then the wire saw stretched on the other support arm. May be removed and the remainder of the leading end surface may be cut.

(3) The structure is such that the distance between the support arms can be variably adjusted. Then, for example, in the portion along the wall surface of the tunnel, the interval between the support arms is narrowed and cutting is performed to cut out as a small columnar block.
As a result, the amount of over dug can be reduced.

Further, in the central portion of the tunnel, the intervals between the support arms may be widened to cut out the wall surface as a large columnar block. In this case, the number of times these columnar blocks are cut out can be reduced, so that the excavation time can be shortened.

(4) Further, a plurality of excavators having different support arm intervals are prepared, and the excavation device having a narrow interval between the support arms is used for cutting along the wall surface of the tunnel. Alternatively, the cutting may be performed using a drilling device in which the support arms are widely spaced from each other.

(5) In each of the above-described embodiments, the wire saw is inserted into the inside of the two adjacent support arms and led out to the tip end surface thereof. However, the wire saw extends along the outside of the support arms. You may arrange | position a saw and lead it out to the front end surface of a support arm.

(6) The cutting section may be separately provided so that a worker can carry it, and the excavation may be performed manually. (7) The cutting portion may be rotatably supported, and the cutting may be performed while the rotation is adjusted according to the position of the guide hole.

[0045]

According to the excavating method and the excavating apparatus using the wire saw described in claims 1 to 4, the following effects can be obtained.

(1) Since the wall surface is cut out as a plurality of columnar blocks, the wall surface can be excavated to have an arbitrary cross-sectional shape, and since the block shape is constant, the slide-out can be easily performed.

(2) Since the cutting anchor and the work for driving the anchor are not required, excavation work can be performed easily and in a short time.

(3) Since the wire saw may be stretched and run on a plurality of support arms, the apparatus itself can be made compact and excavation of a tunnel having a small cross section can be performed.

(4) Since the guide hole of the support arm can be formed along the tunnel cross section, it is possible to excavate a shape close to the tunnel design cross section. As a result, excess digging can be reduced.

According to the excavating device using the wire saw described in claim 5, the following effects can be obtained in addition to the above effects. Since the cut-out columnar block is placed on the drawer plate, it is possible to reduce the sliding resistance when the columnar block is slid out, and it is possible to pull out the columnar block with the end portion of the drawer plate. Therefore, the slip-out work can be easily performed.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a side view showing an entire excavating device using a wire saw of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a partial perspective view showing a main part of the apparatus.

FIG. 3 is an enlarged perspective view showing a structure of a tip end portion of a lower support arm indicated by a surrounding line B in FIG.

4 is an enlarged perspective view showing the structure of the tip portion of the upper support arm indicated by the encircling line A in FIG.

FIG. 5 is an enlarged front view showing the structure of the tip portion of the upper support arm.

FIG. 6 is a partial enlarged cross-sectional view showing the structure of the tip portion of the upper support arm.

FIG. 7 is a front view showing a state in which guide holes are drilled when a tunnel is excavated on a wall surface by the excavation method using the wire saw of the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view showing a step of forming a guide hole in a wall surface with a boring machine.

FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view showing a step of inserting the cutting portion into the guide hole.

FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view showing a step of removing the wire saw in the guide hole.

FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view showing a step of pulling out the cutting portion from the guide hole.

FIG. 12 is a cross-sectional view showing a columnar block that has been cut out.

FIG. 13 is a cross-sectional view showing excavation of the wall surface in the tunnel and carrying out the cut out columnar block to the outside of the mine.

FIG. 14 is a partial perspective view showing only the structure of a cutting portion in an excavating device using a wire saw as another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 15 is an explanatory diagram showing a construction procedure of an excavation method using a conventional wire saw.

FIG. 16 is an explanatory diagram showing a construction procedure of an excavation method using a conventional wire saw.

FIG. 17 is an explanatory diagram showing a construction procedure of an excavation method using a conventional wire saw.

FIG. 18 is an explanatory diagram showing a construction procedure of an excavation method using a conventional wire saw.

[Explanation of symbols]

 11 wire saw 14 support arm 15 support arm 16 support arm 17 support arm 20 pulley as a wire guide member 22 wire remover 23 wire remover 24 wire removal mechanism C wall surface Ca guide hole F cutout tip surface H columnar block

 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of front page (72) Inventor Shin Terauchi 2-5-8 Kita-Aoyama, Minato-ku, Tokyo Stock company inter-company (72) Inventor Ken Arakida 2-5-8 Kita-Aoyama, Minato-ku, Tokyo Stock society Within the company group

Claims (5)

[Claims] 1. A step of planning an n-sided cut-out section on a wall surface to be excavated, such as rock mass, and drilling guide holes in parallel from the respective vertices A1 to An, and n supporting arms in these guide holes. While inserting at the same time, by running the wire saw along the two support arms of the vertices A1 and A2 via the tips of these n support arms, the wire saw between the vertices A1-A2 of the n-sided cut section is cut. The step of cutting the sides other than one side and cutting to the required depth, and removing the wire saw from the tips of the support arms excluding the two support arms of the vertices A1 and A2 and running the wire saw And a step of cutting out one side between the apexes A1 and A2 left while pulling out the support arm along the guide hole and cutting out as a columnar block having an n-gonal cross section. An excavation method using a wire saw. 2. The excavating method using a wire saw according to claim 1, further comprising the step of placing the cut out columnar block on a drawer plate and pulling it out. 3. A drilling device using a wire saw for cutting a wall surface of a rock or the like to be excavated as a columnar block by a traveling wire saw and inserting the wire saw into a guide hole formed in the wall surface. Of the support arms of n are arranged in parallel with each other at the apexes A1 to An of the n-sided polygon, and the apexes A1 and A2 are provided via the tips of the n support arms.
The wire saw was stretched freely along the two support arms, and a wire removal mechanism was provided to remove the wire saw from the tip of the support arm excluding the two support arms of apexes A1 and A2 in the guide hole. An excavating device using a wire saw. 4. The wire removing mechanism includes a wire guide member for movably guiding the wire saw, and a wire remover for separating the wire saw guided by the wire guide member from the wire guide member. An excavator using the wire saw according to claim 3. 5. The excavating device using a wire saw according to claim 3, further comprising a drawer plate on which a columnar block cut out by the wire saw is placed and can be drawn out.