JP2760476B2 - Rock tunnel excavation method - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a rock tunnel excavation method, and more particularly to a rock tunnel excavation method in which a face is cut out and a rock surface at a face is excavated while a free surface is secured.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A tunnel construction method for forming a tunnel by excavating the ground so that structures such as roads and railways are provided in the ground is based on ground geology and groundwater conditions, the shape and length of a tunnel cross section, and other factors. Various enforcement methods are selected in consideration of the enforcement conditions and the like. Conventionally, as a method of digging rocks from soft rocks to hard rocks, hitherto, generally, a so-called blasting method by blasting and a mechanical digging method using various rock digging machines such as a tunnel boring machine and a breaker have been known. .

[0003] In the excavation work of a tunnel for such a bedrock, especially when a tunnel having a large cross section is formed, it is difficult to excavate the cross section at a time. Therefore, the cross section is divided into a predetermined shape. At the same time, in order to efficiently perform the excavation work of such a large cross section, each divided cross section is sequentially excavated in accordance with a predetermined order such as an upper half cross section advanced excavation method, a pit advanced excavation method, and the like.

[0004]

However, excavation work on such a rock mass tends to generate a great deal of vibration and noise during the work, and therefore, for example, when a tunnel is formed below or near a ground where there is residential land on the ground surface. In the case where there is a private house, the working time and enforcement method are restricted in order to reduce the influence on the environment of the residents living in these areas.

[0005] Therefore, when a tunnel is excavated and formed in a bedrock by a blasting method, a mechanical excavation method, or the like, various restrictions are avoided by suppressing the generation of noise and vibration that harm the surrounding environment. It is desirable to develop a tunnel construction method that can improve efficiency.

Accordingly, the present invention has been made in view of such a problem, and a rock tunnel excavation method capable of efficiently performing a rock tunnel excavation operation while suppressing noise and vibration radiated to the outside. The purpose is to provide.

[0007]

DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made to achieve the above object, and relates to a method of excavating a rock tunnel for forming a tunnel in the rock. Excavating and forming at least a pair of pits, and cutting the bedrock between the pair of pits back and forth along a plane that intersects the tunnel digging direction at a predetermined length forward from the tunnel face, and the front and rear separation surfaces. A step of cutting the rock located between the face and the face up and down at least in two places at the top and bottom, and then hollowing out the bed rock of the portion surrounded by the front and rear cuts and the upper and lower cuts and the face; Excavating the cutting ground around the tunnel with the hollow portion between the shafts as a free surface. It is characterized in that the slide into drilling rock it while the hollowed-out portion formed as a free surface.

In the rock tunnel excavation method, the rock between the pair of shafts is cut back and forth along the intersecting surface, and at least two rocks located between the front and rear cut surfaces and the face are separated. It is preferable to perform the work of cutting each part up and down by a cutting wire that is driven to rotate endlessly.

[0009]

According to the rock tunnel excavation method of the present invention having the above-described structure, the hollow surface formed between the pair of shafts forms a free surface that widely crosses the tunnel section. And such a free surface formed widely is
In particular, because it is effective in causing the rock to collapse downward by using gravity, it is possible to sequentially and efficiently excavate the rock around the rock, and due to the existence of such a free surface, the surrounding rock is restrained. Therefore, the generation of noise and vibration during rock drilling work and blasting work is reduced.

The work for forming the hollow portion can be performed quietly and quickly by using a cutting wire that is driven to rotate endlessly.

[0011]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the rock tunnel excavation method of this embodiment, a granite layer having a diameter of about 1
Large cross-section tunnel 1 having a substantially semicircular cross section of about 5 m
0 is adopted for excavation.

In order to form such a large-section tunnel 10 in a bedrock E made of a granite layer, first, FIG.
As shown in (a) to (c), a pair of shafts 2 and 2 having a diameter of about 5 m are excavated at intervals in the cross section of the tunnel 10. That is, the excavation work of the shaft 2 can be easily performed while suppressing the divergence of noise and vibration, for example, by using a conventionally known tunnel boring machine as a tunnel machine suitable for excavation work of rock. Can be. Such a tunnel boring machine is an excavator mainly used for excavating a tunnel having a circular cross section with a diameter of about 5 m. Therefore, when excavating a tunnel cross section having a large cross section and a non-circular shape as in this embodiment, such a boring machine is used. If a single section is used to excavate a section at a time, the tunnel construction method becomes extremely uneconomical and difficult to construct.

After the pair of shafts 2 and 2 have been formed, the rock face from the face 1 to the front by a predetermined length, that is, the face from the face 1 to the front, for example, about 1 to 2 m in accordance with the support interval in the tunnel. With the bedrock of the part E1 as one span, an operation of partially cutting out the bedrock located between the pair of shafts 2 and 2 is performed.

In order to carry out such a hollowing operation, first, a tunnel excavation direction X is required a predetermined length ahead of the face 1.
In the plane intersecting with the above, two communication holes 4 and 4 having a diameter of about 75 mm communicating the pair of shafts 2 and 2 are vertically formed at intervals of about 1 m. Then, as shown in FIGS. 2 (a) and 2 (b), this drilling operation
This is performed by a core boring machine 5 fixedly installed on the inner wall surface of the machine.

The core boring machine 5 is shown in FIG.
As shown in an enlarged view, a base portion 5a fixed to the inner wall surface of the shaft 2 by a hole-in anchor or the like;
The guide unit 5b is provided with a guide portion 5b protruding in a horizontal direction from a, and a core drilling machine main body 5c that slides along the guide portion 5b, and further includes a handle 5d for slidingly moving the core drilling machine body 5c. After the core boring machine 5 is fixedly installed, a drilling rod is attached to the core drilling machine main body 5c, and the handle 5d is rotated while rotating the core drilling machine main body 5c by the driving motor to move the core drilling machine main body 5c along the guide portion 5b. The communication hole 4 is formed so as to penetrate between the pair of shafts 2 by moving forward and performing such work while adding the drilling rod. In this operation, it is preferable to use the work table 50 as appropriate and work around the periphery with the protective fence 51.

After the communication holes 4, 4 are formed between the shafts 2, 2, a portion of the portion sandwiched between the pair of upper and lower communication holes 4 along the surface including the communication holes 4, 4 is formed. The bedrock is cut back and forth, and the bedrock located between the communication holes 4 and 4 and the face 1 is cut up and down, respectively. In this separation work, as shown in FIGS.
A wire saw machine 6 is used.

That is, for example, in order to cut the rock rock back and forth along the plane including the communication holes 4 and 4 using the wire saw machine 6, the communication holes 4 and 4 are formed through the through holes of the diamond wire 7 as a cutting wire. Use as Then, from the shaft 2 on which the wire saw machine 6 is installed, a linear diamond wire 7 is inserted into one of the communication holes 4 so as to face the opposite shaft 2, and in the opposite shaft 2, Inserted into the other communication hole 4 and the machine 6
To the shaft 2 where the robot is to be installed. As a result, the diamond wire 7 is wound around the bedrock between the shafts 2 and 2. Then, the diamond wire 7 is connected endlessly to the wire saw machine 6 via a guide pulley 8 fixed to the inner wall surface of the shaft 2 by a hole-in anchor or the like.

Here, the wire saw machine 6 is installed on a work floor 20 provided in a work space in the shaft 2 or in the working surface of the face 1 near the communication holes 4 and 4.
It is composed of a rail 6a fixed in the axial direction of the tunnel using anchor bolts and the like, and a drive motor 6b that slides along the rail 6a. The diamond wire 7 is connected to a drive motor unit 6b.
Is driven to rotate endlessly, and by driving the drive motor portion 6b backward along the rail portion 6a, tension is applied to the diamond wire 7, whereby the upper and lower shafts 2, The rock mass located between the two is sequentially cut from the opposite shaft 2 side, and is cut back and forth by a cutting surface 3 along a plane including the communication holes 4 and 4. In the present embodiment, the water supply pipe 52 for injecting fresh water for cooling the cutting part by the diamond wire 7 is arranged along the diamond wire saw 7.
The pipe extends into the communication hole 4. Further, a protective fence 9 is provided around the periphery to ensure safety during work.

On the other hand, in order to divide the bedrock located between the communication holes 4 and 4 and the face 1 up and down, the diamond wire 7 is cut through the communication holes 4 and 4 and the face 1 to cut the rock. While being wound around the rock, the diamond wire 7 is connected to the wire machine 6 installed in the work space in the shaft 2 or the face 1 through the guide pulley, and the same work as the above-described work of cutting the rock back and forth is performed. The bedrock is cut up and down by the cutting surface 12.

After completion of each cutting operation, a substantially rectangular parallelepiped rock block surrounded by the front and rear cutting surfaces 3, the upper and lower cutting surfaces 12 and the face 1 is cut out. The work can be performed easily and quietly, for example, by winding a wire around the wire and pulling out the rock mass using various heavy machines. Also,
Even when using rock drilling equipment such as a breaker, such a block of rock is separated from the surrounding bedrock in advance by the cutting planes 3 and 12, so that the work can be easily cut out without diverging a large amount of vibration or the like to the surrounding ground. It can be performed.

After forming the hollow portion 11, next, as shown in FIGS. 4 (a) and 4 (b), the hollow portion 11 formed widely across the pair of shafts 2 and 2 is used as a free surface. Then, the work of excavating the bedrock E1 at the surrounding face portion is performed. This operation is performed, for example, as shown in FIG. 4A, by forming a large number of perforations 3 in the rock around the hollow portion 11.
0 is provided by a drilling machine such as a slot drill, and as shown in FIG. 2B, a wedge-shaped wedge 41 is inserted by hydraulic pressure using a hydraulic rock crusher 40 and the drilling hole 30 is pushed open. Do. At this time, in particular, since the rock mass located above the hollow portion 11 has the hollow portion 11 as a free surface below, the rock mass can easily and successively fall down using gravity, and the surrounding rock mass E1 can be used. Since the restraint is eased by the hollow portion 11, the rock E1 in the face portion can be cut efficiently and with low noise.

Further, even when the excavating operation is performed by blasting, the presence of the hollow portion 11 eases the constraint of the rock, so that noise and vibration during blasting operation and the like are alleviated.

In this embodiment, when the work for cutting the rock rock back and forth or up and down is performed using the diamond wire 7 which is driven to rotate endlessly, the diamond is passed through the communication hole 4 which connects the pair of shafts 2. Although the present invention was carried out by winding the wire 7 around the rock, the present invention is not limited to this step. In addition, for example, the diamond wire 7 may be moved from the face side to the tunnel excavation direction using various guide pulleys. Pressing the diamond wire 7 into the rock to cut the rock up and down, or cutting the wire up and down by guiding the cut diamond wire 7 up and down and cutting the rock back and forth, etc. Various methods can be adopted as long as they are used.

In this embodiment, a cutting wire is used as a means for cutting rock, but the present invention is not limited to this. For example, various cutting blades or the like may be used. Good.

[0025]

As described above, according to the rock tunnel excavation method of the present invention, by forming a hollow portion between a pair of shafts, a free surface is formed which widely crosses the tunnel section. Because the rock around the rock is restrained by the existence of such free surface, the generation of noise and vibration during rock drilling work and blasting work is suppressed,
As a result, various regulations can be cleared and a rock tunnel excavation operation can be performed efficiently.

The rock cutting operation can be performed calmly and quickly by using a cutting wire which is driven to rotate endlessly.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing an embodiment of a rock tunnel excavation method according to the present invention, in which (a) is a front view of a face, and (b) is a front view.
(A) is a cross-sectional view along AA, and (c) is a cross-sectional view along BB in (b).

FIGS. 2A and 2B are schematic views showing a situation in which a communication hole is excavated and formed in the face of the face in the above embodiment, wherein FIG. 2A is a front view of the face and FIG. 2B is AA of FIG. FIG. 3C is an enlarged view of a core boring machine fixedly installed on the inner wall surface of the shaft.

FIGS. 3A and 3B are schematic views showing a cutting operation using a wire saw in the embodiment, (a) is a front view of a face, and (b) is a cross-sectional view along AA of (a). ,
(C) is a cross-sectional view along BB of (b).

FIG. 4 is a schematic view showing a rock drilling operation on the face of the embodiment, and (a) is a perspective view showing the face;
(B) is a sectional view of the face showing the working situation.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF REFERENCE NUMERALS 1 facet surface 2 shaft 3, 12 cutting surface 4 communication hole 7 diamond wire (cutting wire) 10 tunnel 11 hollow part E1 bedrock

──────────────────────────────────────────────────の Continuing from the front page (73) Patent holder 591041727 Aisawa Industry Co., Ltd. 1-5-1, Omotemachi, Okayama-shi, Okayama Prefecture (72) Inventor Tomohira Tosaka 2-3-3 Kandaji-cho, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo Shares Obayashi Corporation Tokyo Head Office (72) Inventor Koichi Haruna 4-33 Kitahama Higashi, Chuo-ku, Osaka-shi, Osaka Inside the Obayashi-Gumi Head Office (72) Inventor Michio Nakaya 4-33 Kitahama-higashi, Chuo-ku, Osaka, Osaka Inside the Obayashi Corporation head office (72) Inventor Hideaki Nakagaki 4-33 Kitahama Higashi, Chuo-ku, Osaka, Osaka Prefecture Inside the Obayashi Corporation main office (72) Takashi Fukuoka 1-35-1 Awaza, Nishi-ku, Osaka, Osaka Kashima Construction Co., Ltd., Osaka Branch (72) Inventor Yoshinori Fukuya 1-3-15 Awaza, Nishi-ku, Osaka City, Osaka Prefecture Kashima Construction Co., Ltd., Osaka Branch (72) Inventor Mita Toru 1-15-15 Awaza, Nishi-ku, Osaka-shi, Osaka-shi Kashima Construction Co., Ltd., Osaka Branch (72) Inventor Tateo Tatebu 4-4 Seiryodai, Tarumi-ku, Kobe-shi, Hyogo (72) Inventor Yasuhiro Kawagoe Osaka-shi, Osaka 4-1-1-13, Honcho-ku, Takenaka Public Works Osaka Main Store (72) Inventor Naoki Kobayashi 626, Higashitarumi-cho, Tarumizu-ku, Tarumi-ku, Kobe-shi, Hyogo (56) References JP 1-2223294 (JP, A) JP-A-4-198583 (JP, A) JP-A-7-269266 (JP, A) (58) Fields investigated (Int. Cl. ⁶ , DB name) E21D 9/00 E21D 9/10

Claims (2)

(57) [Claims] 1. A method for excavating a rock tunnel for forming a tunnel in a rock, comprising: excavating and forming at least a pair of tunnels in a tunnel section by a tunnel excavator; Rocking the rock between the pair of shafts back and forth along a plane that intersects the tunnel excavation direction in and rocking the rock located between the front and rear cutting surface and the face at least vertically in at least two places, Thereafter, the step of hollowing out the rock part surrounded by the front and rear parting surfaces, the upper and lower parting surfaces, and the face part, and excavating the face ground around the part of the part between the pair of shafts as a free surface. And excavating the rock with the free portion as the free surface while forming the hollow portion at every predetermined length in front of the tunnel excavation direction. Drilling method for rock tunnel. 2. A rock mass between the pair of shafts is cut back and forth along the intersecting surface, and a rock mass located between the front and rear cut surfaces and the face surface is cut up and down at least at two upper and lower positions. The method according to claim 1, wherein the work is performed by a cutting wire that is driven to rotate endlessly.