JPH07217397A - Ventilation controller in tunnel excavation - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To enable the emergency ventilation automatically and surely after the blasting by setting airflow and time for ventilation with an emergency ventilating control section in the case a detection signal of a vibration sensor is in excess of reference value after the blast is executed in a tunnel. CONSTITUTION:A ventilating controller 10 is constituted of a fuzzy control section 11, an emergency ventilating control section 12 and an airflow 13, setting section and a detection signal from an environmental information detection sensor 7 is inputted to the fuzzy control 11. After that, fuzzy operations are made in a fuzzified section 14, a fuzzy theory section 15 and a non-fuzzified section 16. Increase and decrease of airflow is set in the airflow setting 13, and its signal is outputted to a ventilating fan 4. Then, a detection signal from a vibration sensor 8 is inputted in the emergency ventilating control 12, a vibration reference value decision section 17 and a blast detection section 18 detects whether or not the blast is executed, and in the case the blast is executed, emergency ventilation time is set by a timer setting section 19, and a signal set by the operation airflow setting section 13 is outputted to the ventilating fan 4. Reference value is decided by the vibration reference value decision section 17.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a ventilation control device for tunnel excavation in the construction of mountain tunnels, deep underground spaces and the like.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In excavation of mountain tunnels, blasting and concrete spraying are routinely performed, and the environment inside the tunnel deteriorates due to exhaust gas from heavy equipment in the tunnel, so forced ventilation is inevitable. Is required.

Ventilation was performed with a constant air volume in the old days, but recently, in order to perform efficient ventilation, a ventilation system that changes the air volume according to the environment in the tunnel has become common. In this system, there is a slight time delay in controlling the air volume, so if a large volume of ventilation is required immediately, such as during blasting, the push button for emergency ventilation associated with the ventilation system will force a large volume flow. Ventilation is being performed.

[0004]

However, in the above-mentioned conventional method, in order to operate the push button for emergency ventilation, it is necessary to enter a bad environment after blasting, which is dangerous. Workers unfamiliar with the ventilation system may forget to push the push buttons, and it may take time to improve the environment inside the tunnel. Therefore, it is desirable to automatically activate emergency ventilation after blasting. Therefore, it is possible to interlock with the blast switch, but there is a possibility of accidental explosion due to erroneous operation of the push button, etc., which is extremely dangerous and is not performed on a daily basis.

Further, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 4-26039 proposes to automatically activate emergency ventilation by detecting a blast and a blast sound due to blasting, but erroneously detects heavy machinery noise in a tunnel. Have a problem.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made to solve the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a ventilation control device for tunnel excavation that can automatically and reliably activate emergency ventilation after blasting.

[0007]

To this end, the ventilation control device for tunnel excavation according to claim 1 of the present invention is provided with a ventilation fan 4 arranged in the tunnel 1 for adjusting the air flow rate.
And a vibration sensor 8 arranged in the tunnel 1 for detecting vibration due to blasting, and an emergency for setting an air volume and time for emergency ventilation when a detection signal detected by the vibration sensor 8 is equal to or higher than a reference value. The ventilation control unit 12 is provided.

Further, the ventilation control device for tunnel excavation according to claim 2 of the present invention is such that the ventilation fan 4 with adjustable air volume arranged in the tunnel 1 and the environmental information for detecting the environmental information in the tunnel. A detection sensor 7, a vibration sensor 8 for detecting vibration due to blasting, and the detected environmental information are fuzzy by respective membership functions to calculate respective air volume increase / decrease amounts according to fuzzy rules, and a logical sum of the respective air volume increase / decrease amounts. The fuzzy control unit 11 which calculates the center of gravity of the fuzzy set obtained in step 3 and determines the final air volume increase / decrease, and the air volume and time for emergency ventilation when the detection signal detected by the vibration sensor is above a reference value. And an emergency ventilation control unit 12 for setting. It should be noted that the numbers added to the above configurations are for comparison with the drawings for easy understanding, and the configurations of the present invention are not limited thereby.

[0009]

In the present invention, if the detection signal of the vibration sensor is equal to or higher than the reference value as a result of blasting, emergency ventilation control is performed.

[0010]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. 1 to 3 show one embodiment of a ventilation control device in tunnel excavation of the present invention, FIG. 1 is a sectional view of a tunnel, FIG. 2 is a configuration diagram of a ventilation control device, and FIG. 3 is a flow of processing of ventilation control. It is a figure for explaining.

In FIG. 1, a movable frame 3 having a ventilation control panel 2 is installed in a tunnel 1, and a ventilation fan 4 composed of a blower fan 4a and an exhaust fan 4b is arranged on the movable frame 3. It is set up. Blowers 5 and 6 are connected to the blower fan 4a and the exhaust fan 4b, and are extended to the face of the face and the outside of the mine, respectively. An environmental information detection sensor 7 is provided on the face side of the tunnel 1, and
A vibration sensor 8 is provided on the movable frame 3. Environmental information detection sensor 7 is for detecting dust ,, airflow in the tunnel 1, the temperature, humidity, CO, and NO _X, and the like.

In FIG. 2, the ventilation control device 10 includes a fuzzy control unit 11, an emergency ventilation control unit 12, and an air volume setting unit 13.
The detection signal from the environment information detection sensor 7 described in FIG. 1 is input to the fuzzy control unit 11, and the fuzzy conversion unit 14, the fuzzy inference unit 15, and the defuzzification unit 16 are provided.
In, a fuzzy calculation is performed, the amount of increase or decrease of the air volume is set by the air volume setting unit 13, and the signal is output to the ventilation fan 4.

The detection signal from the vibration sensor 8 is
The vibration reference value determination unit 17 is input to the emergency ventilation control unit 12.
And, the blast detection unit 18 detects whether or not the blast has been performed. When the blast is performed, the timer setting unit 19 sets the emergency ventilation time, and the operating air volume setting unit 13 increases the air volume. The signal is set and the signal is output to the ventilation fan 4. Vibration due to blasting is greatly affected by source distance, amount of explosive, type of explosive, rock quality, propagation path of rocky vibration, condition of receiving point, blasting technology, etc. Thus, the vibration reference value determination unit 17 determines the reference value of vibration due to blasting.

FIG. 3 shows the flow of the ventilation control process, in which the detection signal from the vibration sensor 8 is read, and then in step S2 it is judged whether or not the detection signal is above the reference value. In the case, the process proceeds to step S3, fuzzy ventilation control is performed, and if the result of blasting is a reference value or more, the emergency ventilation control described above is performed in step S4, and after the emergency ventilation control is performed for a predetermined time, fuzzy ventilation control is performed. Return to control.

Next, the above fuzzy ventilation control will be described. The fuzzification unit 14 in FIG. 2 is a part for passing an input value from a sensor and an ambiguous natural language such as “high” or “just right” that a human has, and a function for passing the passing is a membership function. Say. As an example, three membership functions relating to temperature, humidity, and dust amount will be given to explain the fuzzy input items.

FIG. 4A shows a membership function of temperature, and for example, a mountain is densely cut around 18 ° C. According to this membership function, for example, the input value from the sensor, 24 ° C., which is a definite input value, is converted and fuzzy when it matches the ambiguous word “high” by about 0.5. FIG. 4 (b) shows the membership function of humidity,
Humidity does not affect the human thermal sensation so sensitively that a wide range of mountains is cut from about 20% to 70% humidity.
It is not sensitive to temperature. FIG. 4C shows the membership function of the dust amount, and the scale of the language used to evaluate the dust amount shown in the table below and the label name of the fuzzy Menpership function (name of the mountain of the membership function).
Corresponds.

[0017] Further, for the CO concentration and the NO _x concentration, membership functions similar to those in FIG. 4C are prepared.

FIG. 5 shows the amount of dust and CO obtained in FIG. 4 (c).
A rule for determining the fuzzy label from the relationship of the concentration is shown. For example, when the dust amount is NS and the CO concentration is PS, the air volume increase / decrease value PS is adopted.

The fuzzy inference unit 15 performs fuzzy inference based on fuzzy rules. The defuzzification unit 16 converts the fuzzy natural language, which is fuzzy based on each of the above fuzzy rules, into the air volume increase / decrease amount ΔQ. As a method, as shown in FIG. 7, the logical sum (superposition) of the air flow increase / decrease amounts for each fuzzy rule is taken, the center of gravity of the fuzzy set obtained by the logical sum is calculated, and the definite value ΔQ is obtained.

Next, as shown in FIG. 8, in the case of the variable pitch control, the air flow rate increase / decrease amount ΔQ is converted into the current signal increase amount ΔI and transmitted to the ventilation control panel 2 for adjusting the blade angle of the ventilation fan 4. Operate the control motor to adjust the blade angle Δθ. Further, in the case of inverter control, the air volume increase / decrease amount ΔQ is
The frequency of the inverter is ΔF (not shown).

When creating each membership function described above, a questionnaire or the like is given to an experienced person in advance and it is determined based on the result. Therefore, unlike the conventional control, the air volume is not determined by one person, but the air volume is objectively determined.

[0022]

As is apparent from the above description, according to the present invention, it is possible to automatically and reliably operate the emergency ventilation after the blast. Further, unlike the conventional case, there is no need to enter the tunnel immediately after the blast, and there is no risk of accidental explosion.

Further, by combining with fuzzy ventilation control, the membership function, which is the basis for determining the air volume, is determined based on the questionnaire of the experienced person, so that an objective air volume can be obtained, for example, when the environment deteriorates. For example, an arbitrarily large air volume according to the degree can be obtained, so that the environment in the tunnel can be quickly improved, and when the ventilation fan is operated with a small air volume when unnecessary, power consumption is reduced. In addition, because the sensor that detects the environmental condition inside the tunnel is not only dust and toxic gas, but also the elements that affect human physiology such as temperature and humidity are controlled.
Ventilation in the tunnel is achieved with a true respect for people.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a sectional view of a tunnel showing an embodiment of a ventilation control device for tunnel excavation according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a configuration diagram of a ventilation control device showing an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a diagram for explaining a flow of processing of ventilation control showing an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a diagram showing an example of membership functions of temperature, humidity and dust amount.

FIG. 5 is a diagram showing an example of a fuzzy rule of dust amount and CO concentration.

FIG. 6 is a diagram showing an example of a membership function of air volume increase / decrease.

FIG. 7 is a diagram for explaining a method of determining an air volume increase / decrease amount.

FIG. 8 is a diagram for determining a current value increase / decrease and a blade angle adjustment according to the airflow increase / decrease.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 ... Tunnel, 3 ... Mobile stand, 4 ... Ventilation fan, 7 ...
Environmental information detection sensor 8 ... Vibration sensor, 10 ... Control device, 11 ... Fuzzy control unit 12 ... Emergency ventilation control unit

 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continued Front Page (72) Inventor Yoshiro Hatakeyama 1-3-2 Shibaura, Minato-ku, Tokyo Shimizu Construction Co., Ltd. (72) Hideo Fukai 1-3-2 Shibaura, Minato-ku, Tokyo Shimizu Construction Co., Ltd.

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A ventilation fan having an adjustable air flow disposed in a tunnel, a vibration sensor disposed in the tunnel for detecting vibration due to blasting, and a detection signal detected by the vibration sensor is a reference value. A ventilation control device in tunnel excavation, comprising: an emergency ventilation control unit that sets an air volume and time for emergency ventilation in the above case. 2. A ventilation fan having an adjustable air volume arranged in a tunnel, an environmental information detection sensor for detecting environmental information in the tunnel, a vibration sensor for detecting vibration due to blasting, and the detected environment. The information is fuzzy by each membership function, each air volume increase / decrease is calculated by fuzzy rule, and the center of gravity of the fuzzy set obtained by the logical sum of each air volume increase / decrease is calculated to determine the final air volume increase / decrease. A ventilation control device for tunnel excavation, comprising: a control unit; and an emergency ventilation control unit that sets an air volume and time for emergency ventilation when a detection signal detected by the vibration sensor is equal to or higher than a reference value.