JP3240430B2 - Ventilation control device in tunnel excavation - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a ventilation control device for tunnel excavation in construction of a mountain tunnel, a deep underground space, and the like.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In the excavation of a mountain tunnel, blasting and concrete spraying are carried out on a daily basis, and the environment inside the tunnel is deteriorated by exhaust gas from heavy equipment in the tunnel. Is required.

In the past, ventilation was performed at a constant air volume, but recently, in order to perform efficient ventilation, a ventilation system that changes the air volume in accordance with the environment in a tunnel has become popular. In this system, there is a slight time delay in controlling the air volume.If large air volume ventilation is needed immediately, such as when blasting, the emergency ventilation push button attached to the ventilation system forces the large air volume to be used. Ventilation is provided.

[0004]

However, in the above-mentioned conventional system, it is dangerous to operate the push button for emergency ventilation because it is necessary to enter a bad environment after the blast. Workers unfamiliar with the ventilation system may forget to press the push button, and it may take time to improve the environment inside the tunnel. Therefore, it is desired to automatically activate emergency ventilation after blasting. For this purpose, it is conceivable to link with the blast switch, but there is a possibility of erroneous explosion due to erroneous operation of the push button, etc., which is extremely dangerous and is not performed on a daily basis.

In Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 4-26039, a proposal is made to automatically activate the emergency ventilation by detecting the blast and the explosion caused by the blasting. Problem.

An object of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned problem, and an object of the present invention is to provide a ventilation control device for tunnel excavation that can automatically and reliably activate emergency ventilation after blasting.

[0007]

According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a ventilation control device for tunnel excavation according to the first aspect of the present invention.
When the Rutotomoni ventilation control panel 2 is disposed in the tunnel Yes
Sensor 8 provided on the movable gantry 3 for detecting the vibration caused by blasting, and an emergency ventilation control unit for setting an air volume and time for emergency ventilation when a detection signal detected by the vibration sensor is equal to or more than a reference value. 12 is provided.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a ventilation control apparatus for tunnel excavation, wherein a ventilation fan 4 provided in the tunnel 1 and having an adjustable air volume, and environmental information for detecting environmental information in the tunnel. Detection sensor 7 and inside the tunnel
Frame 3 having a ventilation control panel 2 disposed in
Vibration sensor 8 that is provided in the
And fuzzy the detected environment information by respective membership functions, calculate respective air flow increase / decrease amounts by fuzzy rules, calculate the centroid of the fuzzy set obtained by the logical sum of the respective air flow increase / decrease amounts, and finally calculate A fuzzy control unit 11 for determining the amount of increase or decrease in air flow, and an emergency ventilation control unit 12 for setting the air flow and time for emergency ventilation when the detection signal detected by the vibration sensor is equal to or more than a reference value. Features. Note that the numbers added to the above configuration are compared with the drawings for easy understanding of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited thereto.

[0009]

According to the present invention, if the detection signal of the vibration sensor is equal to or higher than the reference value as a result of the blasting, emergency ventilation control is performed.

[0010]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. 1 to 3 show an embodiment of a ventilation control device in tunnel excavation according to the present invention. FIG. 1 is a sectional view of a tunnel, FIG. 2 is a configuration diagram of a ventilation control device, and FIG. FIG.

In FIG. 1, a moving frame 3 having a ventilation control panel 2 is installed in a tunnel 1. On the moving frame 3, a ventilation fan 4 composed of a blower fan 4a and an exhaust fan 4b is arranged. Has been established. Air ducts 5 and 6 are connected to the blower fan 4a and the exhaust fan 4b, respectively, and extend to the face face and the outside of the pit, respectively. An environmental information detection sensor 7 is provided on the face side of the tunnel 1.
The movable gantry 3 is provided with a vibration sensor 8. The environment information detection sensor 7 detects dust, air volume, temperature, humidity, CO, NO _{X, and the} like in the tunnel 1.

In FIG. 2, a ventilation control device 10 includes a fuzzy control unit 11, an emergency ventilation control unit 12, and an air volume setting unit 13.
A detection signal from the environment information detection sensor 7 described with reference to FIG. 1 is input to the fuzzy control unit 11, and the fuzzy conversion unit 14, the fuzzy inference unit 15, and the defuzzification unit 16
, A fuzzy calculation is performed, and the amount of increase or decrease of the air volume is set by the air volume setting unit 13, and the signal is output to the ventilation fan 4.

The detection signal from the vibration sensor 8 is:
It is input to the emergency ventilation control unit 12, and the vibration reference value determination unit 17
The blast detection unit 18 detects whether or not blasting has been performed. If the blasting has been performed, the emergency ventilation time is set in the timer setting unit 19, and the increase in the air volume is performed in the operating air volume setting unit 13. Is set, and the signal is output to the ventilation fan 4. Vibration caused by blasting is greatly affected by the source distance, amount of explosive, type of explosive, rocky material, propagation path of rocky vibration, receiving point condition, blasting technology, etc. Thus, the vibration reference value determination unit 17 determines the reference value of the vibration due to the blast.

FIG. 3 shows the flow of the ventilation control process, in which a detection signal from the vibration sensor 8 is read. Then, in step S2, it is determined whether or not the detection signal is equal to or more than a reference value. In this case, the process proceeds to step S3, where fuzzy ventilation control is performed. If the blasting is performed and the result is equal to or greater than the reference value, the above-described emergency ventilation control is performed in step S4. Return to control.

Next, the fuzzy ventilation control will be described. The fuzzification unit 14 shown in FIG. 2 is a part for passing an input value from a sensor and an ambiguous natural language such as “high” or “just right” possessed by a human. That. Hereinafter, the fuzzification of input items will be described using three membership functions relating to temperature, humidity, and the amount of dust as examples.

FIG. 4A shows a membership function of the temperature, for example, a peak is densely formed at around 18 ° C. According to this membership function, for example, a fixed input value of 24 ° C. in the input from the sensor is converted and fuzzified if it conforms to the ambiguous word “high” by about 0.5. FIG. 4 (b) shows the humidity membership function,
Humidity does not significantly affect the thermal sensation of humans, so a wide range of mountains is cut from about 20% to 70% humidity,
No sensitive judgment is made compared to temperature. FIG. 4 (c) shows the membership function of the amount of dust, the scale of the language used for the evaluation of the amount of dust shown in the table below, and the label name of the fuzzy membership function (the name of the mountain of the membership function).
Corresponds.

[0017] Moreover, CO concentration, and FIG. 4 (c) and similar membership function is also prepared for the NO _X concentration.

FIG. 5 is a graph showing the relationship between the amount of dust obtained in FIG.
A rule for determining a fuzzy label from the relationship between the concentrations is shown. For example, when the dust amount is NS and the CO concentration is PS, the airflow increase / decrease value PS is determined.

The fuzzy inference unit 15 performs fuzzy inference based on fuzzy rules. The defuzzification unit 16 converts the fuzzy ambiguous natural language based on the fuzzy rules into an airflow increase / decrease amount ΔQ. As a method, as shown in FIG. 7, a logical sum (superposition) of the amount of increase / decrease of the air flow for each fuzzy rule is calculated, and the center of gravity of the fuzzy set obtained by the logical sum is calculated to obtain a definite value ΔQ.

Next, as shown in FIG. 8, in the case of the variable pitch control, the air flow increase / decrease amount ΔQ is converted into a current signal increase amount ΔI and transmitted to the ventilation control panel 2 for adjusting the blade angle of the ventilation fan 4. Activate the control motor to adjust the blade angle Δθ. Further, in the case of the inverter control, the air flow increase / decrease amount ΔQ is
This is performed at the frequency ΔF of the inverter (not shown).

When creating each of the membership functions described above, a questionnaire is given to an experienced person in advance, and the membership function is determined based on the result. Therefore, unlike the conventional control, the air volume is not determined by one person, and the air volume is determined objectively.

[0022]

As is clear from the above description, according to the present invention, emergency ventilation can be automatically and reliably activated after blasting. Further, unlike the conventional case, there is no need to enter the tunnel immediately after the blast, and there is no danger of accidental explosion.

Further, by combining with the fuzzy ventilation control, the membership function serving as the base for determining the air volume is determined based on a questionnaire or the like of an experienced person, so that an objective air volume can be obtained, for example, if the environment deteriorates. For example, an arbitrary large air flow according to the degree can be obtained, so that the environment inside the tunnel can be quickly improved, and when unnecessary, the ventilation fan is operated with a small air flow, so that the power consumption is reduced. In addition, the sensor that detects the environmental state in the tunnel controls not only dust and toxic gas, but also elements that affect human physiology such as temperature and humidity,
Ventilation in tunnels that truly respects humans is achieved.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a sectional view of a tunnel showing one embodiment of a ventilation control device in tunnel excavation of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a configuration diagram of a ventilation control device showing one embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a diagram for explaining a flow of processing of ventilation control according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating an example of a membership function of temperature, humidity, and dust amount.

FIG. 5 is a diagram showing an example of a fuzzy rule of a dust amount and a CO concentration.

FIG. 6 is a diagram showing an example of a membership function of the amount of change in air flow.

FIG. 7 is a diagram for explaining a method of determining the amount of increase or decrease in air flow.

FIG. 8 is a diagram for determining a current value increase / decrease amount and a blade angle adjustment amount from a wind amount increase / decrease amount.

[Explanation of symbols]

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Tunnel, 3 ... Mobile stand, 4 ... Ventilation fan, 7 ...
Environmental information detection sensor 8 ... Vibration sensor, 10 ... Control device, 11 ... Fuzzy control unit 12 ... Emergency ventilation control unit

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuation of the front page (72) Yoshiro Hatakeyama 1-3-2 Shibaura, Minato-ku, Tokyo Shimizu Construction Co., Ltd. (72) Hideo Fukai 2-3-2 Shibaura, Minato-ku, Tokyo Within Shimizu Corporation (56) References JP-A-5-156899 (JP, A) JP-A-64-49000 (JP, A) JP-A-56-115496 (JP, A) (58) Fields investigated (Int.Cl. ⁷ , DB name) E21F 1/00

Claims (2)

(57) [Claims] 1. A and airflow rates adjustable ventilation fan disposed in the tunnel, Rutotomoni ventilation system is arranged in the tunnel
A vibration sensor provided on a movable base having a control panel and detecting vibration due to blasting, and emergency ventilation control for setting an air volume and time for emergency ventilation when a detection signal detected by the vibration sensor is equal to or more than a reference value. And a ventilation control device for tunnel excavation. 2. A ventilation fan provided in the tunnel and having an adjustable air volume, an environment information detection sensor for detecting environment information in the tunnel, and a ventilation fan provided in the tunnel and replaced.
A vibration sensor for detecting vibration caused by blasting , provided on a movable gantry having a pneumatic control panel, and fuzzyizing the detected environmental information by respective membership functions, calculating respective airflow increase / decrease amounts by fuzzy rules, and calculating each airflow. A fuzzy control unit that calculates the center of gravity of the fuzzy set obtained by the logical sum of the increase and decrease and determines the final amount of change in air volume, and for emergency ventilation when the detection signal detected by the vibration sensor is equal to or more than a reference value. A ventilation control device for tunnel excavation, comprising: an emergency ventilation control unit for setting an air volume and time.