JPH07214338A - Joining method of ferrous metal material and aluminum metal material - Google Patents
Joining method of ferrous metal material and aluminum metal materialInfo
- Publication number
- JPH07214338A JPH07214338A JP6024900A JP2490094A JPH07214338A JP H07214338 A JPH07214338 A JP H07214338A JP 6024900 A JP6024900 A JP 6024900A JP 2490094 A JP2490094 A JP 2490094A JP H07214338 A JPH07214338 A JP H07214338A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- metal material
- based metal
- iron
- pin
- aluminum
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Landscapes
- Resistance Welding (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【産業上の利用分野】本発明は、自動車、鉄道車両、船
舶、建築構造物など、鉄系金属材料とアルミニウム系金
属材料とが共存する構造体の組立時に用いられる、鉄系
金属材料とアルミニウム系金属材料との異種金属接合方
法に関するものである。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an iron-based metallic material and an aluminum used for assembling a structure in which an iron-based metallic material and an aluminum-based metallic material coexist, such as an automobile, a railroad vehicle, a ship, and a building structure. The present invention relates to a method for joining dissimilar metals with a metal material.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】最近、地球の温暖化など環境問題の観点
から、自動車、鉄道車両、船舶などを軽量化しようとい
う試みがなされている。一方、この試みの一つとしてア
ルミニウム系金属材料を用いた車体の軽量化が検討され
ている。しかし、アルミニウム系金属材料は、鉄系金属
材料に比べて、強度、成形性、溶接性、コスト等の点で
劣るため、全ての鉄系金属材料をアルミニウム系金属材
料に置き換えるのは難しい。そこで、現状では、アルミ
ニウム系金属材料が部分的に使用されており、鉄系金属
材料とアルミニウム系金属材料が共存した形になってい
る。しかし、このような場合には、鉄系金属材料とアル
ミニウム系金属材料とを接合する必要性が生じる。2. Description of the Related Art Recently, from the viewpoint of environmental problems such as global warming, attempts have been made to reduce the weight of automobiles, railway vehicles, ships and the like. On the other hand, as one of the attempts, weight reduction of a vehicle body using an aluminum-based metal material is being studied. However, since aluminum-based metal materials are inferior to iron-based metal materials in strength, formability, weldability, cost, etc., it is difficult to replace all iron-based metal materials with aluminum-based metal materials. Therefore, at present, aluminum-based metal materials are partially used, and iron-based metal materials and aluminum-based metal materials coexist. However, in such a case, it becomes necessary to join the iron-based metal material and the aluminum-based metal material.
【０００３】鉄系金属材料とアルミニウム系金属材料と
が接合された構造体としては、例えば特開昭５８−１６
３５８４号公報にあるように、冶金学的に接合された軽
金属部分と重金属部分からなる接合部材を介して、軽金
属部材と重金属部材とが溶接によって接合された異材接
合体がある。また、鉄系金属層とアルミニウム系金属層
からなる鉄／アルミニウムクラッド材をインサート材に
用い、鋼板とアルミニウム系材料の板とをスポット溶接
によって接合する方法が、特開平４−５５０６６号、特
開平４−１２７９７３号、特開平４−２５３５７８号お
よび特開平５−１１１７７８号公報などにより知られて
いる。鉄系金属材料とアルミニウム系金属材料とを接合
する方法としては、この他にも、特開昭６４−６６０７
６号公報にあるように、鋼製部材の少なくとも一面をア
ルミニウム系材料で被覆するとともに該アルミニウム系
材料被覆面側にアルミニウム製部材を溶接して接合する
方法や、特開昭６３−２５８７４号、特開平３−１１０
６号公報にあるように、鋼板とアルミニウム系材料の板
との間にインサート材を挿入してスポット溶接し接合す
る方法がある。また、ピンを用いた接合法としては、例
えば、特開平５−４２３７４号公報等に示されているよ
うに、ピンを介して樹脂コート鋼板同士または鋼板と樹
脂コート鋼板を接合する方法が知られている。An example of a structure in which an iron-based metal material and an aluminum-based metal material are joined is, for example, JP-A-58-16.
As disclosed in Japanese Patent No. 3584, there is a dissimilar material joined body in which a light metal member and a heavy metal member are joined by welding through a joining member composed of a metallurgically joined light metal portion and a heavy metal portion. Further, a method of joining an iron / aluminum clad material comprising an iron-based metal layer and an aluminum-based metal layer as an insert material and joining a steel plate and a plate of an aluminum-based material by spot welding is disclosed in JP-A-4-55066 and JP-A-4-55066. It is known from JP-A-4-127973, JP-A-4-253578 and JP-A-5-111778. In addition to this, as a method for joining an iron-based metal material and an aluminum-based metal material, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 64-6607
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 6-25874, a method in which at least one surface of a steel member is coated with an aluminum-based material, and an aluminum member is welded to the aluminum-based material coating surface side, as disclosed in JP-A-63-25874. JP-A-3-110
As disclosed in Japanese Patent No. 6, there is a method in which an insert material is inserted between a steel plate and a plate made of an aluminum-based material, and spot welding is performed to join them. Further, as a joining method using a pin, for example, a method of joining resin-coated steel sheets to each other or a steel sheet and a resin-coated steel sheet via a pin is known, as disclosed in JP-A-5-42374. ing.
【０００４】[0004]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】上記のように、鉄系金
属材料の板とアルミニウム系金属材料の板とを溶接によ
って接合する方法は多くあるが、これらの方法では以下
に示す様々な問題がある。即ち溶接を行う際クラッド材
などのインサート材を必要とするため、溶接作業が煩わ
しかったり、作業効率が悪かったり、溶接条件が限定さ
れるなどの問題点があり、また、インサート材によって
鉄系金属材料の板とアルミニウム系金属材料の板との間
に隙間ができるため、これによって外観が損なわれたり
疲労強度が低下するなどの問題点もある。さらに、イン
サート材に用いるクラッド材は高価であったり、スクラ
ップ化が大変であるなどの問題点も抱えている。また、
鉄系金属材料とアルミニウム系金属材料とを直接接合す
る方法については、従来ほとんど提案がなされていな
い。これは、両者を直接溶接すると溶接部で脆弱な金属
間化合物が形成されるため、溶接部の信頼性が損なわれ
るからである。As described above, there are many methods for joining a plate made of an iron-based metal material and a plate made of an aluminum-based metal material by welding. However, these methods have various problems described below. is there. That is, since an insert material such as a clad material is required when performing welding, there are problems that the welding work is troublesome, the work efficiency is poor, and the welding conditions are limited. Since a gap is formed between the metal material plate and the aluminum-based metal material plate, there is a problem in that the appearance is impaired and the fatigue strength is reduced. Furthermore, the clad material used as the insert material has problems such as being expensive and making it difficult to scrap. Also,
Almost no proposals have hitherto been made on a method of directly joining an iron-based metal material and an aluminum-based metal material. This is because when the two are directly welded, a brittle intermetallic compound is formed at the welded portion, and the reliability of the welded portion is impaired.
【０００５】前記で述べたように、ピンを用いた接合法
については特開平５−４２３７４号公報ですでに提案が
なされているが、これは樹脂コートされた鋼板同士ある
いは鋼板と樹脂コートされた鋼板を接合するための方法
であり、鉄系金属材料とアルミニウム系金属材料を接合
するための方法ではない。また、ピンを用いて鉄系金属
材料とアルミニウム系金属材料を接合する場合には、ス
ポット溶接を行う際に条件設定を必要とするが、前記発
明ではこれらについては触れられていない。さらに、こ
の方法では接合部に必ず穴を開けておかなくてはならな
いという煩わしさもある。As described above, a joining method using a pin has already been proposed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 5-42374, but this is done by resin-coated steel plates or resin-coated steel plates. This is a method for joining steel plates, not a method for joining iron-based metal materials and aluminum-based metal materials. Further, when joining an iron-based metallic material and an aluminum-based metallic material using a pin, it is necessary to set conditions when performing spot welding, but these are not mentioned in the above invention. Furthermore, this method has the troublesomeness that holes must be made in the joints.
【０００６】本発明はこのような問題を解決しようとし
たものであり、溶接部で金属間化合物を生成させること
なく、鉄系金属材料とアルミニウム系金属材料とを直接
接合する方法を提供しようとしたものである。The present invention is intended to solve such a problem, and to provide a method for directly joining an iron-based metallic material and an aluminum-based metallic material without forming an intermetallic compound in the welded portion. It was done.
【０００７】[0007]
【課題を解決するための手段】上記で述べた問題点を解
決するために、本発明者らは鋭意研究を重ねた結果、鉄
系金属材料とアルミニウム系金属材料との異材接合にお
いて、鉄系金属材料からなるピンを介して鉄系金属材料
とアルミニウム系金属材料とを接合することにより、溶
接部における脆弱な金属間化合物の生成、およびそれに
伴う接合部の強度劣化を防ぐ方法を見出した。すなわ
ち、本発明の要旨とするところは、 鉄系金属材料（３）とアルミニウム系金属材料（２）
を重ね合わせて接合する異種金属の接合方法において、
接合する部分に予め穴（１）が開けられたアルミニウム
系金属材料（２）を用い、該アルミニウム系金属材料
（２）側から該穴（１）に鉄系金属材料からなるピン
（４）を通して該ピン（４）の先端部を鉄系金属材料
（３）に接触させ、電極（７）でピン（４）と鉄系金属
材料（３）を加圧しながらピン（４）と鉄系金属材料
（３）との間で通電することによりピン（４）の先端部
と鉄系金属材料（３）を抵抗溶接し、ピン（４）を介し
て鉄系金属材料（３）とアルミニウム系金属材料（２）
を接合することを特徴とする鉄系金属材料とアルミニウ
ム系金属材料との接合方法であり、 鉄系金属材料（３）とアルミニウム系金属材料（２）
を重ね合わせて接合する異種金属の接合方法において、
接合する部分に予め穴（１）が開けられたアルミニウム
系金属材料（２）および鉄系金属材料（３）を用い、該
アルミニウム系金属材料（２）側から該穴（１）に鉄系
金属材料からなるピン（４）を通して該ピン（４）の先
端部を鉄系金属材料（３）の接合面の逆側に設置された
鉄系金属材料からなる金属片（８）に接触させ、あるい
は鉄系金属材料（３）側から該穴（１）に鉄系金属材料
からなるピン（４）を通して該ピン（４）の先端部をア
ルミニウム系金属材料（２）の接合面の逆側に設置され
た鉄系金属材料からなる金属片（８）に接触させ、電極
（７）でピン（４）と該金属片（８）を加圧しながらピ
ン（４）と該金属片（８）との間で通電することにより
ピン（４）の先端部と該金属片（８）を抵抗溶接し、ピ
ン（４）を介して鉄系金属材料（３）とアルミニウム系
金属材料（２）を接合することを特徴とする鉄系金属材
料とアルミニウム系金属材料との接合方法であり、 前記またはに記載された鉄系金属材料（３）とア
ルミニウム系金属材料（２）との異種金属接合方法にお
いて、接合する部分に穴が開けられていないアルミニウ
ム系金属材料（２）および鉄系金属材料（３）の両方あ
るいは一方を用い、該アルミニウム系金属材料（２）側
あるいは該鉄系金属材料（３）側から鉄系金属材料から
なるピン（４）を電極（７）で加圧しながら押し込み、
該ピン（４）で該アルミニウム系金属材料（２）および
該鉄系金属材料（３）の両方あるいは一方を貫いて、該
ピン（４）の先端部を該鉄系金属材料（３）、または鉄
系金属材料（３）もしくはアルミニウム系金属材料
（２）の接合面の逆側に設置された鉄系金属材料からな
る金属片（８）に接触させ、電極（７）でピン（４）と
該鉄系金属材料（３）または鉄系金属材料からなる金属
片（８）を加圧しながらピン（４）と該鉄系金属材料
（３）または鉄系金属材料からなる金属片（８）との間
で通電することによりピン（４）の先端部と該鉄系金属
材料（３）または鉄系金属材料からなる金属片（８）を
抵抗溶接し、ピン（４）を介して鉄系金属材料（３）と
アルミニウム系金属材料（２）を接合することを特徴と
する鉄系金属材料とアルミニウム系金属材料との接合方
法であり、 前記に記載された鉄系金属材料とアルミニウム系金
属材料との異種金属接合方法において、アルミニウム系
金属材料（２）側あるいは鉄系金属材料（３）側から鉄
系金属材料からなるピン（４）を電極（７）で加圧しな
がら押し込む際、ピン（４）と鉄系金属材料（３）また
は鉄系金属材料からなる金属片（８）との間で両者を抵
抗溶接する際の電流値Ｉの３０〜８０％の電流を流しな
がらピン（４）を押し込んでアルミニウム系金属材料
（２）および鉄系金属材料（３）の両方あるいは一方を
貫き、該ピン（４）の先端部を鉄系金属材料（３）、ま
たは鉄系金属材料（３）もしくはアルミニウム系金属材
料（２）の接合面の逆側に設置された鉄系金属材料から
なる金属片（８）に接触させ、電極（７）でピン（４）
と鉄系金属材料（３）または鉄系金属材料からなる金属
片（８）を加圧しながらピン（４）と鉄系金属材料
（３）または鉄系金属材料からなる金属片（８）との間
で電流値Ｉで通電することによりピン（４）の先端部と
鉄系金属材料（３）または鉄系金属材料からなる金属片
（８）を抵抗溶接し、ピン（４）を介して鉄系金属材料
（３）とアルミニウム系金属材料（２）を接合すること
を特徴とする鉄系金属材料とアルミニウム系金属材料と
の接合方法にある。In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the inventors of the present invention have conducted extensive studies, and as a result, in joining dissimilar materials between an iron-based metallic material and an aluminum-based metallic material, an iron-based metallic material was used. The inventors have found a method of joining a ferrous metal material and an aluminum metal material through a pin made of a metal material to prevent generation of a brittle intermetallic compound in a welded portion and the accompanying deterioration in strength of the jointed portion. That is, the gist of the present invention is that the iron-based metal material (3) and the aluminum-based metal material (2)
In the method of joining dissimilar metals that overlap and join,
An aluminum-based metal material (2) having a hole (1) preliminarily formed in a joining portion is used, and a pin (4) made of an iron-based metal material is passed through the hole (1) from the aluminum-based metal material (2) side. The tip of the pin (4) is brought into contact with the iron-based metal material (3), and the pin (4) and the iron-based metal material are pressed while the electrode (7) pressurizes the pin (4) and the iron-based metal material (3). The tip end of the pin (4) and the iron-based metal material (3) are resistance-welded by energizing between (3) and the iron-based metal material (3) and the aluminum-based metal material through the pin (4). (2)
A method for joining an iron-based metal material and an aluminum-based metal material, the method including: joining an iron-based metal material (3) and an aluminum-based metal material (2).
In the method of joining dissimilar metals that overlap and join,
An aluminum-based metal material (2) and an iron-based metal material (3) each having a hole (1) preliminarily formed in a portion to be joined are used, and an iron-based metal is inserted into the hole (1) from the aluminum-based metal material (2) side Through a pin (4) made of a material, the tip of the pin (4) is brought into contact with a metal piece (8) made of a ferrous metal material installed on the opposite side of the joining surface of the ferrous metal material (3), or The pin (4) made of an iron-based metal material is passed through the hole (1) from the iron-based metal material (3) side, and the tip of the pin (4) is installed on the opposite side of the joining surface of the aluminum-based metal material (2). The metal piece (8) made of the iron-based metal material is brought into contact with the pin (4) and the metal piece (8) while pressing the pin (4) and the metal piece (8) with the electrode (7). The tip of the pin (4) and the metal piece (8) are resistance-welded by energizing between them, A metal-based metal material (3) and an aluminum-based metal material (2) are bonded together, which is a method for bonding an iron-based metal material and an aluminum-based metal material, wherein the iron-based metal material (3) ) And an aluminum-based metal material (2) in a dissimilar metal joining method, using either or both of an aluminum-based metal material (2) and an iron-based metal material (3) having no holes in the joining portion, A pin (4) made of an iron-based metal material is pressed from the aluminum-based metal material (2) side or the iron-based metal material (3) side while pressing the electrode (7),
The pin (4) penetrates either or both of the aluminum-based metal material (2) and the iron-based metal material (3), and the tip of the pin (4) is connected to the iron-based metal material (3), or The metal piece (8) made of an iron-based metal material installed on the opposite side of the joint surface of the iron-based metal material (3) or the aluminum-based metal material (2) is brought into contact with the pin (4) with the electrode (7). The pin (4) and the iron-based metal material (3) or the metal piece (8) made of the iron-based metal material while pressurizing the iron-based metal material (3) or the metal piece (8) made of the iron-based metal material. The tip end of the pin (4) is resistance-welded to the iron-based metal material (3) or the metal piece (8) made of the iron-based metal material by energizing between them, and the iron-based metal is inserted through the pin (4). An iron-based metallic material and an aluminum-based metallic material characterized by joining the material (3) and the aluminum-based metallic material (2). A method for joining a metal material containing a nickel-based metal, the method for joining a dissimilar metal between an iron-based metal material and an aluminum-based metal material described above, wherein the aluminum-based metal material (2) side or the iron-based metal material (3) side Between the pin (4) and the iron-based metal material (3) or the metal piece (8) made of the iron-based metal material when the pin (4) made of the iron-based metal material is pressed in while being pressed by the electrode (7) While pushing a current of 30 to 80% of the current value I for resistance welding of both, the pin (4) is pushed in to penetrate both or one of the aluminum-based metal material (2) and the iron-based metal material (3), A metal composed of an iron-based metal material (3) or an iron-based metal material installed on the opposite side of the joint surface of the iron-based metal material (3) or the aluminum-based metal material (2) at the tip of the pin (4). The piece (8) is brought into contact with the electrode ( ) In the pin (4)
Between the pin (4) and the iron-based metal material (3) or the metal piece (8) made of the iron-based metal material while applying pressure to the iron-based metal material (3) or the metal piece (8) made of the iron-based metal material. The tip of the pin (4) is resistance-welded to the iron-based metallic material (3) or the metal piece (8) made of the iron-based metallic material by passing a current value I between the iron and the iron through the pin (4). A method for joining an iron-based metal material and an aluminum-based metal material, which comprises joining the metal-based metal material (3) and the aluminum-based metal material (2).
【０００８】[0008]
【作用】本発明によれば、ピンを用いて接合を行うこと
により、異種材同士を直接溶接する必要性がなくなるた
め、溶接部における脆弱な金属間化合物の生成、および
それに伴う継手の強度・靭性低下を防止することが可能
となり信頼性のある継手を得ることができる。また被接
合体であるアルミニウム系金属材料あるいは鉄系金属材
料が高強度であっても、予め穴を開けておくことにより
ピンを用いて容易に接合することが可能となる。さら
に、請求項３および請求項４の方法を用いれば、アルミ
ニウム系金属材料あるいは鉄系金属材料の両方あるいは
一方に予め穴を開けておかなくとも接合が可能となる。
特に被接合体に全く穴を開けない場合には穴の位置合わ
せをする必要がなくなるため、任意の位置で異材接合を
行うことが可能となる。According to the present invention, since it is not necessary to directly weld dissimilar materials to each other by performing the joining using the pin, the generation of a brittle intermetallic compound in the welded portion and the strength / strength of the joint accompanying it It is possible to prevent deterioration in toughness, and it is possible to obtain a reliable joint. Further, even if the aluminum-based metal material or the iron-based metal material that is the object to be bonded has high strength, it is possible to easily bond it by using the pin by making a hole in advance. Furthermore, by using the methods of claims 3 and 4, it is possible to join the aluminum-based metal material and / or the iron-based metal material without having to make a hole in advance.
In particular, when no holes are to be formed in the objects to be joined, it is not necessary to align the holes, so that it is possible to join different materials at arbitrary positions.
【０００９】以下、本発明について図面に従って説明す
る。The present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.
【００１０】図１の（ａ）〜（ｄ）は本発明の請求項１
にかかる発明の実施例を説明するための断面図である。
図１（ａ）に示すように接合部に予め穴１が開けられた
アルミニウム系金属材料の板（以下、アルミ板と略す）
２と穴が開けられていない鉄系金属材料の板（以下、鋼
板と略す）３とを重ね合わせ、該穴１にアルミ板２の接
合面とは逆側から５の方向に向かって図１（ｂ）に示す
断面形状のピン４を通し、さらに図１（ｃ）に示すよう
にピン４の先端部６を鋼板３に接触させ、電極７でピン
４と鋼板３を加圧しながらピン４と鋼板３との間で通電
し、図１（ｄ）に示すようにピン４の先端部６と鋼板３
とを抵抗溶接することにより、ピン４を介して鋼板３と
アルミ板２を接合する方法を示している。なお、電極７
でピン４と鋼板３を加圧しながら抵抗溶接を行う場合に
は、図１（ｃ）に示すようにピン４の先端部６が鋼板３
に接しているだけの状態であってもよいし、また、ピン
４の先端部６が鋼板３にくい込んだ状態であってもよ
い。但し、ピン４の先端部６が鋼板３にくい込んだ状態
では、ピン４と鋼板３との接触面積が増加し接触部にお
ける抵抗が減少するため、溶接時により高い電流を必要
とする。なお、ピン４と被接合体との接触状態は、以下
の実施例においても同様であるものとする。1A to 1D are claims of the present invention.
It is a sectional view for explaining an example of the invention concerning.
As shown in FIG. 1A, a plate made of an aluminum-based metal material in which a hole 1 is preliminarily formed in a joint portion (hereinafter, abbreviated as an aluminum plate).
2 and an iron-based metal material plate (hereinafter abbreviated as a steel plate) 3 having no holes formed thereon are overlapped with each other, and the hole 1 is oriented in the direction 5 from the side opposite to the joining surface of the aluminum plate 2 as shown in FIG. The pin 4 having the cross-sectional shape shown in (b) is passed through, and further the tip portion 6 of the pin 4 is brought into contact with the steel plate 3 as shown in FIG. 1 (c), and the pin 4 is pressed while pressing the pin 4 and the steel plate 3 with the electrode 7. And the steel plate 3 are energized, and as shown in FIG.
It shows a method of joining the steel plate 3 and the aluminum plate 2 via the pin 4 by resistance welding of and. The electrode 7
When resistance welding is performed while pressing the pin 4 and the steel plate 3 with each other, as shown in FIG.
It may be in a state of only being in contact with, or the tip portion 6 of the pin 4 may be in a state in which the steel plate 3 is hard to be embedded. However, when the tip portion 6 of the pin 4 is embedded in the steel plate 3, the contact area between the pin 4 and the steel plate 3 increases and the resistance at the contact portion decreases, so a higher current is required during welding. The contact state between the pin 4 and the body to be joined is the same in the following examples.
【００１１】図２の（ａ）〜（ｃ）は本発明の請求項２
にかかる発明の実施例を説明するための断面図である。
図２（ａ）に示すように接合部に予め穴１が開けられた
アルミ板２および鋼板３を重ね合わせ、該穴１にアルミ
板２の接合面とは逆側から５の方向に向かって図１
（ｂ）に示したものと同様の断面形状のピン４を通し、
さらに図２（ｂ）に示すようにピン４の先端部６を鋼板
３の接合面とは逆側に設置された鉄系金属材料からなる
金属片８に接触させ、電極７でピン４と金属片８を加圧
しながらピン４と金属片８との間で通電し、図２（ｃ）
に示すようにピン４の先端部６と金属片８とを抵抗溶接
することにより、ピン４を介して鋼板３とアルミ板２を
接合する方法を示している。なお、前記したように、溶
接前におけるピン４の先端部と金属片８との接触状態は
１番目の実施例の場合と同様である。2A to 2C show the second aspect of the present invention.
It is a sectional view for explaining an example of the invention concerning.
As shown in FIG. 2 (a), an aluminum plate 2 and a steel plate 3 each having a hole 1 preliminarily formed in the joint are overlapped with each other, and the hole 1 is directed in the direction 5 from the side opposite to the joint surface of the aluminum plate 2. Figure 1
Insert the pin 4 having the same sectional shape as that shown in (b),
Further, as shown in FIG. 2 (b), the tip 6 of the pin 4 is brought into contact with a metal piece 8 made of an iron-based metal material installed on the side opposite to the joining surface of the steel plate 3, and the electrode 4 is used to contact the pin 4 and the metal. Energize between the pin 4 and the metal piece 8 while pressurizing the piece 8, and as shown in FIG.
The method of joining the steel plate 3 and the aluminum plate 2 via the pin 4 by resistance welding the tip 6 of the pin 4 and the metal piece 8 as shown in FIG. As described above, the contact state between the tip of the pin 4 and the metal piece 8 before welding is the same as in the case of the first embodiment.
【００１２】図３の（ａ）〜（ｃ）は本発明の請求項２
にかかる発明の第２の実施例を説明するための断面図で
あり、図２の（ａ）〜（ｃ）で説明したものと類似の方
法である。すなわち、図３（ａ）に示すように接合部に
予め穴１が開けられた鋼板３およびアルミ板２を重ね合
わせ、該穴１に鋼板３の接合面とは逆側から５の方向に
向かって図１（ｂ）に示したものと同様の断面形状のピ
ン４を通し、さらに図３（ｂ）に示すようにピン４の先
端部６をアルミ板２の接合面とは逆側に設置された鉄系
金属材料からなる金属片８に接触させ、電極７でピン４
と金属片８を加圧しながらピン４と金属片８との間で通
電し、図３（ｃ）に示すようにピン４の先端部６と金属
片８とを抵抗溶接することにより、ピン４を介して鋼板
３とアルミ板２を接合する方法を示している。3 (a) to 3 (c) show the second aspect of the present invention.
It is sectional drawing for demonstrating the 2nd Example of invention concerning this, and is a method similar to what was demonstrated by (a)-(c) of FIG. That is, as shown in FIG. 3 (a), a steel plate 3 and an aluminum plate 2 each having a hole 1 preliminarily formed in the joint are overlapped with each other, and the hole 1 is directed in the direction 5 from the side opposite to the joint surface of the steel plate 3. 1 (b), the pin 4 having the same sectional shape as that shown in FIG. 1 (b) is inserted, and as shown in FIG. 3 (b), the tip 6 of the pin 4 is installed on the side opposite to the joining surface of the aluminum plate 2. The metal piece 8 made of the iron-based metal material is brought into contact with the electrode 7 and the pin 4 is
While pressing the metal piece 8 and the metal piece 8, electricity is applied between the pin 4 and the metal piece 8, and the tip portion 6 of the pin 4 and the metal piece 8 are resistance-welded as shown in FIG. It shows a method of joining the steel plate 3 and the aluminum plate 2 via.
【００１３】図４の（ａ）〜（ｂ）は本発明の請求項３
にかかる発明の実施例を説明するための断面図であり、
被接合体として接合部に穴が開けられていないアルミ板
２および鋼板３を用いる場合について示すものである。
図４（ａ）に示すように接続部に穴が開けられていない
アルミ板２および鋼板３を重ね合わせ、図１（ｂ）に示
した断面形状のピン４をアルミ板２の接合面とは逆側か
ら電極７で加圧して図４（ｂ）に示すようにアルミ板２
を貫き、さらにピン４の先端部６を鋼板３に接触させ、
電極７でピン４と鋼板３を加圧しながらピン４と鋼板３
との間で通電し、図１（ｄ）の場合と同様にピン４の先
端部６と鋼板３とを抵抗溶接することにより、ピン４を
介して鋼板３とアルミ板２を接合する方法を示してい
る。4 (a) and 4 (b) show the third aspect of the present invention.
It is a cross-sectional view for explaining an embodiment of the invention according to
It shows a case where an aluminum plate 2 and a steel plate 3 having no holes in the joint are used as the objects to be joined.
As shown in FIG. 4 (a), the aluminum plate 2 and the steel plate 3 having no holes in the connecting portion are overlapped with each other, and the pin 4 having the cross-sectional shape shown in FIG. Pressure is applied by the electrode 7 from the opposite side, and the aluminum plate 2 is pressed as shown in FIG.
, And further bring the tip 6 of the pin 4 into contact with the steel plate 3,
While pressing the pin 4 and the steel plate 3 with the electrode 7, the pin 4 and the steel plate 3
A method of joining the steel plate 3 and the aluminum plate 2 via the pin 4 by conducting resistance welding between the tip portion 6 of the pin 4 and the steel plate 3 as in the case of FIG. Shows.
【００１４】図５の（ａ）〜（ｃ）は本発明の請求項３
にかかる発明の第２の実施例を説明するための断面図で
あり、被接合体として接合部に穴が開けられていないア
ルミ板２および鋼板３の両方あるいは一方を用いる場合
について示すものである。図５（ａ）は接合部に穴が開
けられていないアルミ板２および鋼板３を用いる場合
を、図５（ｂ）は接合部に穴が開けられたアルミ板２と
接合部に穴が開けられていない鋼板３を用いる場合を、
図５（ｃ）は接合部に穴が開けられていないアルミ板２
と接合部に穴が開けられた鋼板３を用いる場合を示す。
いずれの場合もアルミ板２と鋼板３とを重ね合わせ、図
１（ｂ）に示した形状と同様のピン４を図５の（ａ）〜
（ｃ）に示すようにアルミ板２の接合面とは逆側から電
極７で加圧してアルミ板２および鋼板３の両方あるいは
一方を貫き、さらにピン４の先端部６を鋼板３の接合面
とは逆側に設置された鉄系金属材料からなる金属片８に
接触させ、電極７でピン４と金属片８を加圧しながらピ
ン４と金属片８との間で通電し、図２（ｃ）の場合と同
様にピン４の先端部６と金属片８とを抵抗溶接すること
により、ピン４を介して鋼板３とアルミ板２を接合する
ものである。なお、図５（ａ）〜（ｃ）で説明した方法
では、アルミ板２鋼板３とを入れ替えて（図５（ａ）〜
（ｃ）でアルミ板２と鋼板３が入れ替わる）、鋼板側か
らピン４を加圧して押し込んでもよい。この場合には、
図３の（ｃ）の場合と同様にピン４の先端部６と金属片
８とを抵抗溶接することにより、ピン４を介して鋼板３
とアルミ板２を接合することができる。5 (a) to 5 (c) show the third aspect of the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view for explaining a second embodiment of the invention according to the present invention, showing a case where both or one of the aluminum plate 2 and the steel plate 3 having no holes in the joint portion is used as a body to be joined. . 5A shows the case where the aluminum plate 2 and the steel plate 3 having no holes in the joint are used, and FIG. 5B shows the aluminum plate 2 having the holes in the joint and the hole made in the joint. When using a steel plate 3 that is not
Fig. 5 (c) shows an aluminum plate 2 having no holes at the joints.
And the case where the steel plate 3 having a hole in the joint is used.
In either case, the aluminum plate 2 and the steel plate 3 are superposed, and the pin 4 having the same shape as that shown in FIG.
As shown in (c), the aluminum plate 2 and the steel plate 3 are pressed by the electrode 7 from the side opposite to the bonding surface to penetrate the aluminum plate 2 and / or the steel plate 3, and the tip portion 6 of the pin 4 is further connected to the steel plate 3 joint surface. 2 is contacted with a metal piece 8 made of an iron-based metal material that is installed on the opposite side, and current is applied between the pin 4 and the metal piece 8 while pressing the pin 4 and the metal piece 8 with the electrode 7. Similar to the case of c), the steel plate 3 and the aluminum plate 2 are joined via the pin 4 by resistance welding the tip portion 6 of the pin 4 and the metal piece 8. In the method described in FIGS. 5A to 5C, the aluminum plate 2 and the steel plate 3 are replaced (see FIGS. 5A to 5C).
(The aluminum plate 2 and the steel plate 3 are exchanged in (c)), or the pin 4 may be pressed and pushed in from the steel plate side. In this case,
As in the case of FIG. 3C, the tip 6 of the pin 4 and the metal piece 8 are resistance-welded to each other, so that the steel plate 3 is inserted through the pin 4.
And the aluminum plate 2 can be joined.
【００１５】なお、上記図４（ａ）〜（ｂ）および図５
（ａ）〜（ｃ）で説明した方法では、鉄系金属材料から
なるピン４を加圧して押し込みアルミ板２あるいは鋼板
３を貫く際、ピン４と鋼板３あるいはピン４と鉄系金属
材料からなる金属片８との間で電流を流しながらピン４
を押し込めば、より容易にピンを押し込むことが可能と
なる。これは、通電による抵抗発熱によって、ピン４、
アルミ板２あるいは鋼板３が加熱されアルミ板２あるい
は鋼板３のピン４との接触部付近６の強度が低下するた
め、より低い荷重で容易にアルミ板２あるいは鋼板３を
貫くことが可能になるからである。この方法はピンで貫
くアルミ板の強度が高い場合により有効である。なぜな
ら、アルミニウム系金属材料は鉄系金属材料に比べて融
点が低いため、温度の上昇によってより強度が低下する
からである。しかし、鉄系金属材料であるピンは通電に
よって加熱されやすく加熱によってその強度が低下する
ため、電流値を上げ過ぎてピンの強度を低下させ過ぎな
いように注意すべきである。また、過大な電流によって
アルミ板を溶融させないようにすることも大切である。The above-mentioned FIGS. 4 (a)-(b) and FIG.
In the method described in (a) to (c), when the pin 4 made of an iron-based metal material is pressed to penetrate the aluminum plate 2 or the steel plate 3, the pin 4 and the steel plate 3 or the pin 4 and the iron-based metal material are pressed. Pin 4 while passing current between the metal piece 8 and
If you push in, you can push in the pin more easily. This is due to resistance heating due to energization,
Since the aluminum plate 2 or the steel plate 3 is heated and the strength of the vicinity of the contact portion 6 of the aluminum plate 2 or the steel plate 3 with the pin 4 is reduced, it becomes possible to easily penetrate the aluminum plate 2 or the steel plate 3 with a lower load. Because. This method is more effective when the strength of the aluminum plate penetrated by the pin is high. This is because the aluminum-based metal material has a lower melting point than the iron-based metal material, and thus the strength decreases more as the temperature rises. However, since the pin, which is an iron-based metal material, is easily heated by energization and its strength is reduced by heating, care must be taken not to raise the current value too much and reduce the strength of the pin too much. It is also important not to melt the aluminum plate with an excessive current.
【００１６】図１〜図５の実施例では板同士を接合する
場合を取り上げて説明したが、本発明の適用範囲は板同
士の接合のみに留まるものではなく、板とブロックの接
合やブロック同士の接合にも適用が可能である。また、
本発明は鋼板とアルミ板の接合以外にも適用が可能であ
る。図６の（ａ）〜（ｄ）はその一例を示す断面図であ
る。図６（ａ）は予め接合部に穴が開けられたアルミ板
２とアルミニウム系金属層９および鉄系金属層１０から
なる２層の鉄／アルミクラッド板１１とを重ね合わせ、
該穴に鉄系金属材料からなるピン４をアルミ板２の接合
面とは逆側から通し、さらに電極でピン４を加圧してそ
の先端部でクラッド板１１のアルミニウム系金属層９を
貫きさらにその先端部をクラッド板１１の鉄系金属層１
０に接触させ、電極でピン４とクラッド板１１を加圧し
ながらピン４とクラッド板１１の鉄系金属層１０との間
で通電し、ピン４の先端部６とクラッド板１１の鉄系金
属層１０とを抵抗溶接した状態を示している。また、図
６（ｂ）は予め接合部に穴が開けられたアルミ板２とア
ルミニウム系金属層９および鉄系金属層１０からなる２
層の鉄／アルミクラッド板１１とを重ね合わせ、該穴に
鉄系金属材料からなるピン４をアルミ板２の接合面とは
逆側から通し、さらに電極でピン４を加圧してその先端
部でクラッド板１１のアルミニウム系金属層９および鉄
系金属層１０を貫きさらにその先端部をクラッド板１１
の鉄系金属層１０の接合面とは逆側に設置された鉄系金
属材料からなる金属片８に接触させ、電極でピン４と金
属片８を加圧しながらピン４と金属片８の間で通電し、
ピン４の先端部６と金属片８とを抵抗溶接した状態を示
している。なお、図６（ａ）および（ｂ）で説明した実
施例では、アルミ板２に予め穴が開けられていなくても
よいし、クラッド板１１のアルミニウム系金属層９に穴
が開けられていてもよい。また、アルミ板２の代わりに
鋼板を用いてもよいし、接合する相手材の側にアルミニ
ウム系金属層あるいは鉄系金属層のどちらを向けてもよ
い。一方、図６（ｃ）および図６（ｄ）は、上記と同様
な方法で予め穴が開けられたアルミ板２とアルミニウム
系金属層９および鉄系金属層１０からなる３層の鉄／ア
ルミ／鉄クラッド板１２とをピン４を用いて接合した状
態を示す。なお、この場合にも、アルミ板２に予め穴が
開けられていなくてもよいし、クラッド板１１のアルミ
ニウム系金属層９あるいは鉄系金属層１０の両方あるい
はどちらか一方に穴が開けられていてもよい。また、ア
ルミ板２の代わりに鋼板を用いてもよい。Although the embodiments of FIGS. 1 to 5 have been described by taking the case of joining plates to each other, the scope of the present invention is not limited to joining plates to each other, but joining plates to blocks or blocks to each other. It can also be applied to the joining of. Also,
The present invention can be applied to other than joining a steel plate and an aluminum plate. 6A to 6D are cross-sectional views showing an example thereof. FIG. 6 (a) shows an aluminum plate 2 having holes preliminarily formed in the joint portion and a two-layer iron / aluminum clad plate 11 composed of an aluminum-based metal layer 9 and an iron-based metal layer 10 stacked on each other.
A pin 4 made of an iron-based metal material is passed through the hole from the side opposite to the joining surface of the aluminum plate 2, and the pin 4 is pressed by an electrode to penetrate the aluminum-based metal layer 9 of the clad plate 11 at its tip. The front end portion is the iron-based metal layer 1 of the clad plate 11.
0 and the pin 4 and the clad plate 11 are pressed by the electrode, electricity is passed between the pin 4 and the iron-based metal layer 10 of the clad plate 11, and the tip portion 6 of the pin 4 and the iron-based metal of the clad plate 11 are contacted. The state where the layer 10 and the layer 10 are resistance-welded is shown. In addition, FIG. 6B shows an aluminum plate 2 having holes formed in advance in the joint portion, an aluminum-based metal layer 9 and an iron-based metal layer 10 2
Layered iron / aluminum clad plate 11 is overlapped, and pin 4 made of an iron-based metal material is passed through the hole from the side opposite to the joining surface of aluminum plate 2, and pin 4 is further pressed by an electrode so that its tip portion Penetrates through the aluminum-based metal layer 9 and the iron-based metal layer 10 of the clad plate 11, and the tip end thereof is clad plate 11
Between the pin 4 and the metal piece 8 while contacting the metal piece 8 made of an iron-based metal material installed on the side opposite to the joining surface of the iron-based metal layer 10 and pressing the pin 4 and the metal piece 8 with the electrode. Energize with
The state where the tip portion 6 of the pin 4 and the metal piece 8 are resistance-welded is shown. In the embodiment described with reference to FIGS. 6A and 6B, the aluminum plate 2 may not be preliminarily drilled, or the aluminum-based metal layer 9 of the clad plate 11 may be preliminarily drilled. Good. Further, a steel plate may be used instead of the aluminum plate 2, and either the aluminum-based metal layer or the iron-based metal layer may be directed to the side of the mating material to be joined. On the other hand, FIG. 6 (c) and FIG. 6 (d) show three layers of iron / aluminum consisting of an aluminum plate 2 pre-drilled by the same method as above, an aluminum-based metal layer 9 and an iron-based metal layer 10. A state in which the iron clad plate 12 and the iron clad plate 12 are joined together using the pins 4 is shown. In this case as well, the aluminum plate 2 may not be pre-drilled, and the aluminum-based metal layer 9 and / or the iron-based metal layer 10 of the clad plate 11 may be punctured. May be. A steel plate may be used instead of the aluminum plate 2.
【００１７】図７の（ａ）〜（ｆ）は本発明にかかるピ
ン接合法を用いた場合の各種継手形状の例を示す断面図
である。図７の（ａ）はアルミ板２と鋼板３が平行状態
を保つためにアルミ板２と鋼板３が曲げられ接合された
状態を示している。また、図７（ｂ）はアルミ板２と鋼
板３とが段状に接合された状態を示している。図７
（ｃ）はアルミ板２と鋼板３が直角に曲げられ接合され
た状態を示している。一方、図７（ｄ）は鋼板３同士を
アルミ板２で連結して直角に接合する場合を示してお
り、また、図７（ｅ）は鋼板３にアルミ板２を直角に接
合する場合の例である。さらに、図７（ｆ）はアルミ板
２と鋼板３を接合する際、接合用の鋼板１３を用い、ス
ポット溶接部１４を併用することによりアルミ板２と鋼
板３とを接合した状態を示している。FIGS. 7A to 7F are sectional views showing examples of various joint shapes when the pin joining method according to the present invention is used. FIG. 7A shows a state in which the aluminum plate 2 and the steel plate 3 are bent and joined in order to keep the aluminum plate 2 and the steel plate 3 in a parallel state. Moreover, FIG.7 (b) has shown the state which the aluminum plate 2 and the steel plate 3 were joined in step shape. Figure 7
(C) shows a state where the aluminum plate 2 and the steel plate 3 are bent at a right angle and joined. On the other hand, FIG. 7 (d) shows a case where the steel plates 3 are connected to each other by the aluminum plates 2 and joined at right angles, and FIG. 7 (e) shows a case where the aluminum plates 2 are joined at right angles to the steel plates 3. Here is an example. Further, FIG. 7F shows a state in which the aluminum plate 2 and the steel plate 3 are joined by using the joining steel plate 13 and the spot welded portion 14 when joining the aluminum plate 2 and the steel plate 3. There is.
【００１８】本発明で被接合体として用いるアルミニウ
ム系金属材料あるいは鉄系金属材料の材質は特に限定す
るものではない。また、接合に用いる鉄系金属材料から
なるピンあるいは鉄系金属材料からなる金属片の材質も
特に限定するものではない。しかし、図４、図５、図６
で説明したようにピンの先端部でアルミニウム系金属材
料の板あるいは鉄系金属材料の板を加圧して押し込みこ
れらを貫く場合には、ピンの降伏強さがアルミニウム系
金属材料あるいは鉄系金属材料の引張強さより５０ＭＰ
ａ以上高いことが望ましい。これは、ピンを押し込む際
に、ピンが変形や座屈を起こさないようにするためであ
る。被接合体であるアルミニウム系金属材料あるいは鉄
系金属材料の両方あるいは一方の引張強さがピンの降伏
強さと同等かあるいはそれ以上であり、ピンでアルミ板
あるいは鋼板の両方あるいは一方を貫くことが困難であ
る場合には、図１、図２、図３に示すようにアルミ板あ
るいは鋼板の両方あるいは一方に予めピンを通す穴を開
けておいたほうがよい。The material of the aluminum-based metal material or the iron-based metal material used as the objects to be bonded in the present invention is not particularly limited. The material of the pin made of an iron-based metal material or the metal piece made of an iron-based metal material used for joining is not particularly limited. However, FIG. 4, FIG. 5, and FIG.
If the pin tip is pressed into the aluminum-based metal material plate or the iron-based metal material plate to penetrate them, the yield strength of the pin will be the aluminum-based metal material or the iron-based metal material. From the tensile strength of 50MP
It is desirable that it is higher than a. This is to prevent the pin from being deformed or buckled when the pin is pushed in. The tensile strength of both or one of the aluminum-based metal material and the iron-based metal material to be joined is equal to or higher than the yield strength of the pin, and the pin may penetrate both or one of the aluminum plate and the steel plate. If it is difficult, as shown in FIGS. 1, 2 and 3, it is preferable to preliminarily form a hole for inserting a pin in an aluminum plate and / or a steel plate.
【００１９】ピンの形状は図１の（ｂ）に示した形状に
限定されるものではない。例えば、被接合体の穴あるい
は被接合体自身に押し込む部分のピンの横断面の形状
は、図８に示すように、（ａ）丸形、（ｂ）三角形、
（ｃ）四角形、（ｄ）五角形、（ｅ）星形、などの多角
形、あるいは、（ｆ）三本足形、（ｇ）四本足形、
（ｈ）中空形など様々な形状のものを用いることが可能
である。また、ピンの縦断面の形状についても、図９に
示すように、先端部が、（ａ）三角形、（ｂ）丸形、
（ｃ）平面、（ｄ）くさび形、（ｅ）段々形、などの打
ち込み形やネジ形、（ｆ）回転防止形、（ｇ）中空形、
など様々な形状のものを用いることが可能である。これ
らピンの形状については、継手の形状、継手の仕様、被
接合体の強度、要求される接合部の強度、および接合部
にかかる荷重の方向などによって適宜選択することが望
ましい。また、ピンは先端部以外にも側面部で被接合体
に接触するが、接触による溶接時の分流や過剰発熱によ
る先端部以外での被接合体の溶融を防ぐために、被接合
体に接するピンの側面部には図１０に示すように絶縁性
の皮膜１５を被覆してもよい。絶縁性皮膜を被覆するこ
とにより溶接時の分流を防ぐことが可能となるため、よ
り低電流で抵抗溶接を行うことが可能となる。また、ピ
ンと被接合体が直接接触しなくなるため、例えば、被接
合体がアルミニウム系金属材料の場合には、それが溶融
し、金属間化合物を生成するのも防ぐことができる。さ
らに、この絶縁性皮膜によりアルミ板と鋼板が直接接触
することがないため、アルミ板と鋼板との接触による電
気的腐食も防止することが可能となり、継手部の耐食性
も向上させることができる。絶縁性皮膜は、セラミック
ス、高分子など高絶縁性のものならいずれでもよいが、
ピンの部分は温度が上がるため、望ましくは耐熱性のあ
るもののほうがよい。The shape of the pin is not limited to the shape shown in FIG. For example, as shown in FIG. 8, the cross-sectional shape of the pin of the portion to be pressed into the hole of the body to be joined or the body to be joined itself is (a) round, (b) triangular,
(C) a quadrangle, (d) a pentagon, (e) a polygon such as a star, or (f) a three-legged shape, (g) a four-legged shape,
(H) Various shapes such as a hollow shape can be used. As for the shape of the longitudinal section of the pin, as shown in FIG. 9, the tip portion is (a) triangular, (b) round,
(C) flat surface, (d) wedge shape, (e) stepped shape, etc., hammered shape or screw shape, (f) rotation prevention type, (g) hollow shape,
It is possible to use various shapes. It is desirable that the shape of these pins be appropriately selected depending on the shape of the joint, the specifications of the joint, the strength of the body to be joined, the required strength of the joint, the direction of the load applied to the joint, and the like. In addition to the tip, the pin contacts the body to be joined at the side surface, but in order to prevent shunting during welding due to contact and melting of the body other than the tip due to excessive heat generation, the pin that contacts the body to be joined An insulating film 15 may be coated on the side surface of the as shown in FIG. By coating the insulating film, it is possible to prevent shunting at the time of welding, so that it is possible to perform resistance welding at a lower current. Further, since the pin and the article to be joined do not come into direct contact with each other, for example, when the article to be joined is an aluminum-based metal material, it can be prevented from melting and producing an intermetallic compound. Further, since the aluminum plate and the steel plate do not come into direct contact with each other due to this insulating film, it is possible to prevent electrical corrosion due to the contact between the aluminum plate and the steel plate, and it is possible to improve the corrosion resistance of the joint portion. The insulating film may be ceramics, polymers, or any other highly insulating material,
Since the temperature of the pin portion rises, it is preferable that the pin portion has heat resistance.
【００２０】ピンを通す穴の形状は、図８および図９に
示したピンの形状に合わせて適宜選択すればよい。ま
た、ピンと穴の公差も任意に選ぶことができる。しか
し、ピンと穴の公差は継手の精度に影響したり、ピンと
被接合体との接触によって溶接時の分流に影響したり、
溶接部からの熱影響に影響したり、あるいは押し込む際
のピンの変形にも影響を及ぼすため、ピンの形状を損な
わずかつ溶接時の分流や熱伝導を最小限に防ぐ公差を選
ぶことが望ましい。さらに、前記したように溶接時の分
流や溶接部からの熱影響には絶縁性皮膜を被覆する方法
も有効である。また、図１（ｂ）、図２（ｂ）、図３
（ｂ）などで示したピンと鉄系金属材料あるいは鉄系金
属材料からなる金属片と接触した状態における被接合体
から上に飛び出したピンの余りしろｌ4の値は、溶接部
６で金属間化合物を生成させることなく、かつ寸法精度
を良くして溶接するために、０．１〜１．０ｍｍ程度が
望ましい。The shape of the hole through which the pin is inserted may be appropriately selected according to the shape of the pin shown in FIGS. 8 and 9. Further, the tolerance of the pin and the hole can be arbitrarily selected. However, the tolerance of the pin and the hole affects the accuracy of the joint, and the contact between the pin and the body to be joined affects the shunt current during welding.
Since it affects the heat effect from the welded part or the deformation of the pin when pushing it in, it is desirable to select a tolerance that does not impair the pin shape and minimizes shunting and heat conduction during welding. . Further, as described above, the method of coating an insulating film is also effective for the flow splitting at the time of welding and the influence of heat from the welded portion. Also, FIG. 1 (b), FIG. 2 (b), and FIG.
The value of the margin l 4 of the pin protruding above the article to be joined in the state where the pin shown in (b) and the like are in contact with the iron-based metallic material or the metal piece made of the iron-based metallic material is In order to perform welding without forming a compound and with good dimensional accuracy, about 0.1 to 1.0 mm is desirable.
【００２１】ピンと鉄系金属材料あるいはピンと鉄系金
属材料からなる金属片とを抵抗溶接する際の電流密度の
範囲および通電時間の範囲は、それぞれ、３００〜１８
００Ａ／ｍｍ2および６０〜２８０ｍｓｅｃ程度が望ま
しい。このように値を限定したのは、電流密度がこれよ
り低いと、また通電時間がこれより短いと、溶接が不完
全であったり溶接部の強度が低くなったりするなどの問
題が生じるからであり、逆に電流密度がこれより高い
と、また通電時間がこれより長いと、入熱過剰となって
溶接部で金属間化合物が生成され易くなるからである。
なお、上記で述べた電流値の値は、ピンの押し込む部分
ｌ2の断面積（図２）を基準にして計算している。一
方、請求項４に記載したピンを加圧して押し込む際の電
流値を抵抗溶接時の３０〜８０％と限定したのは、これ
より低いとアルミニウム系金属材料あるいは鉄系金属材
料の強度低下に対して抵抗発熱の効果が少なくなるから
であり、また、これより高いとピン自体の強度が低下し
過ぎたり、アルミニウム系金属材料を溶融させてピンと
の間で金属間化合物が生成されるようになるからであ
る。The range of current density and range of energization time when resistance welding the pin and the iron-based metal material or the pin and the metal piece made of the iron-based metal material are 300 to 18, respectively.
00A / mm 2 and 60 to 280 msec are desirable. The reason for limiting the value in this way is that if the current density is lower than this, or if the energization time is shorter than this, problems such as incomplete welding or weak weld strength occur. On the contrary, when the current density is higher than this and when the energization time is longer than this, the heat input becomes excessive and the intermetallic compound is easily generated in the welded portion.
The value of the current value described above is calculated based on the cross-sectional area (FIG. 2) of the portion l 2 into which the pin is pushed. On the other hand, the reason why the current value when pressing and pushing the pin according to claim 4 is limited to 30 to 80% during resistance welding is that if it is lower than this, the strength of the aluminum-based metal material or the iron-based metal material decreases. On the other hand, the effect of resistance heating is reduced, and if it is higher than this, the strength of the pin itself is excessively reduced, or the aluminum-based metal material is melted to form an intermetallic compound with the pin. Because it will be.
【００２２】電極でピンと鉄系金属材料あるいはピンと
鉄系金属材料からなる金属片を加圧する場合の圧力、あ
るいは電極でピンを加圧して押し込みアルミニウム系金
属材料あるいは鉄系金属材料を貫く場合の圧力は３００
〜１５７０ＭＰａ程度が望ましい。このように値を限定
したのは、これより圧力が低いとピンが押し込みにくく
なり、かつ抵抗溶接も安定した状態で行い難くなるから
であり、また、これより圧力が高いとピンや被接合材料
の変形が大きくなり過ぎるからである。なお、この場合
の圧力の値はピンの押し込む部分ｌ2の断面積（図２）
を基準にして計算している。ピンを押し込んでアルミニ
ウム系金属材料あるいは鉄系金属材料を貫く場合には、
静かに押し込んでもよいし衝撃的に打ち込んでもよい
が、作業効率の点を考慮すれば後者のほうが望ましい。Pressure when the electrode presses the pin and the iron-based metal material or a metal piece composed of the pin and the iron-based metal material, or pressure when the electrode presses the pin and penetrates the aluminum-based metal material or the iron-based metal material Is 300
It is preferably about 1570 MPa. The reason for limiting the value in this way is that if the pressure is lower than this, it becomes difficult to push the pin in, and resistance welding becomes difficult to perform in a stable state. This is because the deformation of is too large. The pressure value in this case is the cross-sectional area of the pin-inserted portion l 2 (Fig. 2).
Is calculated based on. When pushing the pin to penetrate the aluminum-based metal material or the iron-based metal material,
It may be pushed gently or impacted, but the latter is preferable in consideration of work efficiency.
【００２３】なお、本発明において接合に用いるピンを
連続的に供給する装置としては、例えば図１１に示すよ
うに、溶接前はバネ１７によってピン４が固定され、溶
接後はピン４がバネ１７からはずれて連続的に供給でき
るような装置が考えられる。本発明によるピン供給装置
を用いれば連続的なピンの供給が可能となるため操業効
率も上がるものと考えられる。しかし、本発明における
ピンの供給装置はこのような装置に限定されるものでは
ない。As a device for continuously supplying the pins used for joining in the present invention, for example, as shown in FIG. 11, the pin 4 is fixed by the spring 17 before welding, and the pin 4 is fixed after the welding by the spring 17. It is conceivable that there is a device that can be continuously supplied without being attached. It is considered that the use of the pin supply device according to the present invention makes it possible to continuously supply the pins, so that the operation efficiency is improved. However, the pin supply device in the present invention is not limited to such a device.
【００２４】[0024]
（第一の実施例）直径２．１ｍｍの穴１が開けられた３
０×６０×１．０ｍｍのアルミ板２（材質；Ａ５０５
２、引張強さ；２３５ＭＰａ）と穴が開けられていない
３０×６０×０．８ｍｍの冷延鋼板３（極低炭素鋼、引
張強さ；２９４ＭＰａ）とを図１（ａ）に示すように３
０ｍｍラップさせて重ね合わせた。次に、図１（ｂ）に
示す形状のピン４（材質；ＳＣ４５０、降伏強さ：２２
５ＭＰａ、Ｄ＝４．０ｍｍ、ｄ＝２．０ｍｍ、ｌ1＝
１．５、ｌ2＝１．０、ｌ3＝０．２ｍｍ）を５の方向に
向けて穴１に通し、図１（ｃ）に示すようにピン４の先
端部６を冷延鋼板３に接触させ（但し、ｌ4＝０．２ｍ
ｍ）、電極７で２００ｋｇの荷重をかけながらピン４と
冷延鋼板３との間で４．０ｋＡの電流を２００ｍｓｅｃ
流した。通電後の断面を観察すると、図１（ｄ）に示す
ように、ピン４の先端部６と冷延鋼板３とが抵抗溶接さ
れており、ピン４を用いてアルミ板２と冷延鋼板３とを
接合することができた。上記の実施例において、被接合
体であるアルミ板２の材質をそれぞれＡ１０５０、Ａ３
００４、Ａ６０６１、Ａ２０２４、Ａ７０７５（引張強
さ；それぞれ、１２７、２１６、２９４、４８０、４９
０ＭＰａ）などに代えても、同様にピン４を用いてアル
ミ板２と冷延鋼板３を接合することができた。(First Example) 3 in which a hole 1 having a diameter of 2.1 mm was punched
0 x 60 x 1.0 mm aluminum plate 2 (material: A505
2, tensile strength; 235 MPa) and cold-rolled steel sheet 3 (extremely low carbon steel, tensile strength; 294 MPa) of 30 × 60 × 0.8 mm with no holes, as shown in FIG. Three
It was overlapped by wrapping it by 0 mm. Next, the pin 4 having the shape shown in FIG. 1B (material: SC450, yield strength: 22)
5 MPa, D = 4.0 mm, d = 2.0 mm, l 1 =
(1.5, l 2 = 1.0, l 3 = 0.2 mm) is passed through the hole 1 in the direction of 5, and as shown in FIG. Contact with (however, l 4 = 0.2 m
m), while applying a load of 200 kg with the electrode 7, a current of 4.0 kA is applied between the pin 4 and the cold rolled steel plate 3 for 200 msec.
Shed When observing the cross section after energization, as shown in FIG. 1D, the tip portion 6 of the pin 4 and the cold-rolled steel plate 3 are resistance-welded, and the aluminum plate 2 and the cold-rolled steel plate 3 are used by using the pin 4. I was able to join and. In the above embodiment, the materials of the aluminum plate 2 to be joined are A1050 and A3, respectively.
004, A6061, A2024, A7075 (tensile strength; 127, 216, 294, 480, 49, respectively)
(0 MPa) or the like, the aluminum plate 2 and the cold-rolled steel plate 3 could be similarly joined using the pin 4.
【００２５】（第２の実施例）直径２．１ｍｍの穴１が
開けられた３０×６０×１．０ｍｍのアルミ板２（材
質；Ａ５０５２）と同じ直径の穴１が開けられた３０×
６０×０．８ｍｍの冷延鋼板３（極低炭素鋼）とを図２
（ａ）に示すように穴の位置を合わせ３０ｍｍラップさ
せて重ね合わせた。また、冷延鋼板３の接合面の逆側に
冷延鋼板でできた５×５×０．５ｍｍの金属片８を配置
した。次に、図１（ａ）に示す形状のピン４（ｌ2＝
１．８ｍｍ、材質、降伏強さ、その他の寸法は第１の実
施例と同じ）を５の方向に向けて穴１に通し、図２
（ｂ）に示すようにピン４の先端部６を金属片８に接触
させ（但し、ｌ4＝０．２ｍｍ）、電極７で２００ｋｇ
の荷重をかけながらピン４と金属片８との間で４．０ｋ
Ａの電流を２００ｍｓｅｃ流した。通電後の断面を観察
すると、図２（ｃ）に示すように、ピン４の先端部６と
金属片８とが抵抗溶接されており、ピン４を用いてアル
ミ板２と冷延鋼板３とを接合することができた。上記の
実施例で、被接合体であるアルミ板２の材質をＡ１０５
０、Ａ３００４、Ａ６０６１、Ａ２０２４、Ａ７０７５
などに代えても、同様にピン４を用いてアルミ板２と冷
延鋼板３を接合することができた。(Second Embodiment) 30 × 60 × 1.0 mm hole 1 having a diameter of 2.1 mm, and 30 × hole 1 having the same diameter as the aluminum plate 2 (material: A5052) having a diameter of 1.0 mm
Fig. 2 shows a 60 × 0.8 mm cold rolled steel plate 3 (extremely low carbon steel).
As shown in (a), the holes were aligned and overlapped with each other by wrapping them by 30 mm. Further, a 5 × 5 × 0.5 mm metal piece 8 made of a cold rolled steel plate was arranged on the side opposite to the joint surface of the cold rolled steel plate 3. Next, the pin 4 (l 2 =
1.8 mm, material, yield strength, and other dimensions are the same as those in the first embodiment.
As shown in (b), the tip 6 of the pin 4 is brought into contact with the metal piece 8 (however, l 4 = 0.2 mm), and the electrode 7 is 200 kg.
4.0k between the pin 4 and the metal piece 8 while applying the load of
The current of A was applied for 200 msec. When observing the cross section after energization, as shown in FIG. 2 (c), the tip portion 6 of the pin 4 and the metal piece 8 are resistance-welded, and the aluminum plate 2 and the cold-rolled steel plate 3 are connected using the pin 4. Could be joined. In the above embodiment, the material of the aluminum plate 2 to be joined is A105.
0, A3004, A6061, A2024, A7075
Alternatively, the aluminum plate 2 and the cold rolled steel plate 3 could be joined using the pin 4 in the same manner.
【００２６】（第３の実施例）第２の実施例で説明した
図２（ａ）において、アルミ板２と冷延鋼板３の位置を
入れ替え、図３（ａ）に示すように試験片をセットし
た。次に、第２の実施例で用いたのと同じ図１（ａ）に
示すようにピン４を５の方向に向けて穴１に通し、図３
（ｂ）に示すようにピン４の先端部６を金属片８に接触
させ（但し、ｌ4＝０．２ｍｍ）、電極７で２００ｋｇ
の荷重をかけながらピン４と金属片８との間で４．０ｋ
Ａの電流を２００ｍｓｅｃ流した。通電後の断面を観察
すると、図３（ｃ）に示すように、ピン４の先端部６と
金属片８とが抵抗溶接されており、ピン４を用いてアル
ミ板２と冷延鋼板３とを接合することができた。上記の
実施例で、被接合体であるアルミ板２の材質をＡ１０５
０、Ａ３００４、Ａ６０６１、Ａ２０２４、Ａ７０７５
などに代えても、同様にピン４を用いてアルミ板２と冷
延鋼板３を接合することができた。(Third Embodiment) In FIG. 2 (a) described in the second embodiment, the positions of the aluminum plate 2 and the cold-rolled steel plate 3 are exchanged, and the test piece is mounted as shown in FIG. 3 (a). Set Next, as shown in FIG. 1A, which is the same as that used in the second embodiment, the pin 4 is passed through the hole 1 in the direction of 5, and
As shown in (b), the tip 6 of the pin 4 is brought into contact with the metal piece 8 (however, l 4 = 0.2 mm), and the electrode 7 is 200 kg.
4.0k between the pin 4 and the metal piece 8 while applying the load of
The current of A was applied for 200 msec. When observing the cross section after energization, as shown in FIG. 3 (c), the tip portion 6 of the pin 4 and the metal piece 8 are resistance-welded, and the aluminum plate 2 and the cold-rolled steel plate 3 are welded using the pin 4. Could be joined. In the above embodiment, the material of the aluminum plate 2 to be joined is A105.
0, A3004, A6061, A2024, A7075
Alternatively, the aluminum plate 2 and the cold rolled steel plate 3 could be joined using the pin 4 in the same manner.
【００２７】（第４の実施例）第１の実施例において予
め穴が開けられているアルミ板２の代わりに穴が開けら
れていない３０×６０×１．０ｍｍのアルミ板２（材
質；Ａ５０５２）を用い、図４（ａ）に示すように第１
の実施例と同様に試験片をセットした。次に、電極７で
図１（ｂ）に示す形状のピン４（材質；ＳＭ５７０、降
伏強さ；４８０ＭＰａ、寸法は第１の実施例と同じ）を
２００ｋｇの荷重で加圧して図４（ｂ）に示すようにア
ルミ板２を貫きピン４の先端部６を冷延鋼板３に接触さ
せ、電極７で２００ｋｇの荷重をかけながらピン４と冷
延鋼板３との間で４．０ｋＡの電流を２００ｍｓｅｃ流
した。通電後の断面を観察すると、図１（ｄ）の場合と
同様に、ピン４の先端部６と冷延鋼板３とが抵抗溶接さ
れており、ピン４を用いてアルミ板２と冷延鋼板３とを
接合することができた。上記の実施例において、被接合
体であるアルミ板２の材質をＡ１０５０、Ａ３００４、
Ａ６０６１などに代えても、同様にピン４を用いてアル
ミ板２と冷延鋼板３を接合することができた。(Fourth Embodiment) In place of the aluminum plate 2 which is pre-drilled in the first embodiment, a 30 × 60 × 1.0 mm aluminum plate 2 (material: A5052) which is not pierced is used. ), As shown in FIG.
A test piece was set in the same manner as in the above example. Next, a pin 4 (material: SM570, yield strength: 480 MPa, dimensions are the same as those in the first embodiment) having a shape shown in FIG. ), The tip 6 of the pin 4 is contacted with the cold-rolled steel plate 3 through the aluminum plate 2, and a current of 4.0 kA is applied between the pin 4 and the cold-rolled steel plate 3 while applying a load of 200 kg with the electrode 7. For 200 msec. When observing the cross section after energization, the tip portion 6 of the pin 4 and the cold-rolled steel plate 3 are resistance-welded to each other as in the case of FIG. 3 could be joined. In the above embodiment, the material of the aluminum plate 2 to be joined is A1050, A3004,
Even if it replaced with A6061 etc., the aluminum plate 2 and the cold-rolled steel plate 3 could be similarly joined using the pin 4.
【００２８】（第５の実施例）第２の実施例において、
図５（ａ）に示すように予め穴が開けられているアルミ
板２および鋼板３の代わりに穴が開けられていない３０
×６０×１．０ｍｍのアルミ板２（材質；Ａ５０５２）
および３０×６０×０．８ｍｍの鋼板３（極低炭素鋼）
を用い、あるいは図５（ｂ）に示すように予め穴が開け
られている鋼板３の代わりに穴が開けられていない３０
×６０×０．８ｍｍの鋼板３（極低炭素鋼）を用い、あ
るいは図５（ｃ）に示すように予め穴が開けられている
アルミ板２の代わりに穴が開けられていない３０×６０
×１．０ｍｍのアルミ板２（材質；Ａ５０５２）を用
い、第２の実施例と同様に試験片をセットした。次に、
電極７で図１（ｂ）に示す形状のピン４（材質；ＳＭ５
７０、寸法は第２の実施例と同じ）を２００ｋｇの荷重
で図５の（ａ）〜（ｃ）のように加圧してアルミ板２あ
るいは鋼板３の両方あるいはどちらか一方と貫きピン４
の先端部６を金属片８に接触させ、電極７で２００ｋｇ
の荷重をかけながらピン４と金属片８との間で４．０ｋ
Ａの電流を２００ｍｓｅｃ流した。通電の後の断面を観
察すると、図２（ｃ）の場合と同様に、ピン４の先端部
６と金属片８とが抵抗溶接されており、ピン４を用いて
アルミ板２と冷延鋼板３とを接合することができた。上
記の実施例において、被接合体であるアルミ板２の材質
をＡ１０５０、Ａ３００４、Ａ６０６１などに代えて
も、同様にピン４を用いてアルミ板２と冷延鋼板３を接
合することができた。また、上記の実施例で説明下図５
（ａ）〜（Ｃ）において、アルミ板２と鋼板３とを入れ
替え、鋼板３側からピン４を押し込んでも、図３（ｃ）
の場合と同様にピン４を用いてアルミ板２と冷延鋼板３
を接合することができた。(Fifth Embodiment) In the second embodiment,
As shown in FIG. 5 (a), holes 30 are not drilled instead of the aluminum plate 2 and the steel plate 3 which are previously drilled.
Aluminum plate 2 x 60 x 1.0 mm (Material: A5052)
And steel plate 3 (very low carbon steel) of 30 × 60 × 0.8 mm
, Or as shown in FIG. 5 (b), instead of the steel plate 3 that has been pre-drilled, it is not punctured 30
A steel plate 3 (extremely low carbon steel) of x60 x 0.8 mm is used, or as shown in Fig. 5 (c), a pre-drilled aluminum plate 2 is used instead of a perforated aluminum plate 30 x 60.
Using a 1.0 mm aluminum plate 2 (material: A5052), a test piece was set in the same manner as in the second embodiment. next,
A pin 4 (material: SM5) having the shape shown in FIG.
70, the dimensions are the same as those in the second embodiment) and a pressure of 200 kg is applied as shown in FIGS. 5 (a) to 5 (c) to press either or both of the aluminum plate 2 and the steel plate 3 and the penetrating pin 4.
The tip 6 of the is brought into contact with the metal piece 8 and the electrode 7 is used to weigh 200 kg.
4.0k between the pin 4 and the metal piece 8 while applying the load of
The current of A was applied for 200 msec. When observing the cross section after energization, the tip portion 6 of the pin 4 and the metal piece 8 are resistance-welded to each other, as in the case of FIG. 2C, and the aluminum plate 2 and the cold-rolled steel plate are formed using the pin 4. 3 could be joined. In the above embodiment, the aluminum plate 2 and the cold-rolled steel plate 3 could be joined using the pin 4 in the same manner even if the material of the aluminum plate 2 to be joined was changed to A1050, A3004, A6061 or the like. . In addition, the description in the above embodiment is shown in FIG.
Even if the aluminum plate 2 and the steel plate 3 are replaced with each other and the pin 4 is pushed in from the steel plate 3 side in FIGS.
The aluminum plate 2 and the cold rolled steel plate 3 using the pin 4 as in the case of
Could be joined.
【００２９】（第６の実施例）第４および第５の実施例
において、ピン４でアルミ板２および鋼板３の両方ある
いはどちらか一方を加圧して貫く際、１．８ｋＡの電流
を流しながら加圧するとより容易にアルミ板２あるいは
鋼板３を貫くことが可能となり１２０ｋｇ程度の低荷重
でもピンで容易に板を貫くことができた。また、Ａ２０
２４やＡ７０７５などの高強度アルミ板や高強度鋼板の
場合には、降伏強さが高いピンを用いかつピンで板を貫
く際の荷重設定を高くしなければならないが、加圧時に
１．１〜２．８ｋＡ程度の電流を流すことによって１５
０〜２００ｋｇ程度の低荷重でも容易にピンを押し込み
板を貫くことが可能となった。ピン４でアルミ板２ある
いは鋼板３を貫いた後は電流値を上げ、ピン４と鋼板３
あるいはピン４と金属片８とを抵抗溶接し、ピン４を用
いて鋼板３とアルミ板２を接合した。(Sixth Embodiment) In the fourth and fifth embodiments, when a pin 4 pressurizes and penetrates both or one of the aluminum plate 2 and the steel plate 3, while passing a current of 1.8 kA. When pressed, the aluminum plate 2 or the steel plate 3 could be more easily pierced, and the plate could be easily pierced even with a low load of about 120 kg. Also, A20
In the case of high-strength aluminum plate or high-strength steel plate such as 24 or A7075, it is necessary to use a pin having a high yield strength and set a high load setting when the plate penetrates the plate. 15 by applying a current of about 2.8 kA
It became possible to easily push the pin and penetrate the plate even with a low load of about 0 to 200 kg. After the pin 4 penetrates the aluminum plate 2 or the steel plate 3, the current value is increased to increase the pin 4 and the steel plate 3.
Alternatively, the pin 4 and the metal piece 8 were resistance-welded, and the steel plate 3 and the aluminum plate 2 were joined using the pin 4.
【００３０】（第７の実施例）第１および第２の実施例
において、鋼板３の代わりにアルミニウム系金属層９が
厚さ０．４ｍｍの純アルミ板（材質；Ａ１０５０）であ
り、鉄系金属層１０が厚さ０．４ｍｍの冷延鋼板（極低
炭素鋼）である３０×６０×０．８ｍｍの鉄／アルミ２
層クラッド板１１を用い、アルミ板２側にアルミニウム
系金属層９を向けて第１および第２の実施例と同様に試
験片をセットした。次に、図１（ｂ）に示す形状のピン
４（材質、強度は第５の実施例と同じ、Ｄ＝４．０ｍ
ｍ、ｄ＝２．０ｍｍ、ｌ1＝１．５、ｌ2＝１．４、ｌ3
＝０．２ｍｍ）を穴１に通し、さらに電極７で２００ｋ
ｇの荷重をかけながらピン４を加圧してクラッド板１１
のアルミニウム系金属層９および鉄系金属層１０の両方
あるいは一方を貫きピン４の先端部６を冷延鋼板３ある
いは金属片８に接触させ、電極７で２００ｋｇの荷重を
かけながらピン４と冷延鋼板３あるいは金属片８との間
で４．０ｋＡの電流を２００ｍｓｅｃ流した。通電後の
断面を観察すると、図６（ａ）および（ｂ）に示したよ
うに、ピン４の先端部６と冷延鋼板３あるいは金属片８
とが抵抗溶接されており、ピン４を用いてアルミ板２と
２層クラッド板１１とを接合することができた。上記の
実施例において、被接合体であるアルミ板２の材質をＡ
１０５０、Ａ３００４、Ａ６０６１、Ａ２０２４、Ａ７
０７５などに代えても、同様にピン４を用いてアルミ板
２とクラッド板１１を接合することができた。なお、図
７（ａ）および（ｂ）で説明した実施例において、予め
穴が開けられていないアルミ板２を用いても、あるいは
アルミニウム系金属層９に穴が開けられているクラッド
板１１を用いても同様に接合が可能であった。また、ア
ルミ板２の代わりに鋼板３を用いても、接合する相手材
の側に鉄系金属層を向けても接合が可能であった。(Seventh Embodiment) In the first and second embodiments, instead of the steel plate 3, the aluminum-based metal layer 9 is a pure aluminum plate (material: A1050) having a thickness of 0.4 mm. Iron / aluminum 2 of 30 × 60 × 0.8 mm in which the metal layer 10 is a cold rolled steel sheet (extremely low carbon steel) having a thickness of 0.4 mm
Using the layer clad plate 11, the aluminum-based metal layer 9 was directed to the aluminum plate 2 side, and the test piece was set in the same manner as in the first and second examples. Next, the pin 4 having the shape shown in FIG. 1B (the material and strength are the same as those in the fifth embodiment, D = 4.0 m).
m, d = 2.0 mm, l 1 = 1.5, l 2 = 1.4, l 3
= 0.2 mm) through the hole 1 and the electrode 7 at 200 k
The pin 4 is pressed while applying a load of g to the clad plate 11
Of the aluminum-based metal layer 9 and the iron-based metal layer 10 of the above, and the tip 6 of the pin 4 is brought into contact with the cold-rolled steel plate 3 or the metal piece 8, and a load of 200 kg is applied by the electrode 7 and the pin 4 is cooled. A current of 4.0 kA was passed between the rolled steel plate 3 and the metal piece 8 for 200 msec. When observing the cross section after energization, as shown in FIGS. 6A and 6B, the tip portion 6 of the pin 4 and the cold rolled steel plate 3 or the metal piece 8 are observed.
And were resistance-welded, and the aluminum plate 2 and the two-layer clad plate 11 could be joined using the pin 4. In the above embodiment, the material of the aluminum plate 2 to be joined is A
1050, A3004, A6061, A2024, A7
Even if it replaced with 075 etc., the aluminum plate 2 and the clad plate 11 could be similarly joined using the pin 4. It should be noted that, in the embodiment described with reference to FIGS. 7A and 7B, even if the aluminum plate 2 which is not pre-drilled is used, or the clad plate 11 in which the aluminum-based metal layer 9 is pierced is used. Even if it was used, joining was possible in the same manner. Further, it was possible to use the steel plate 3 instead of the aluminum plate 2 or to bond the iron-based metal layer to the side of the mating material to be bonded.
【００３１】一方、第７の実施例において、３０×６０
×０．８ｍｍの鉄／アルミ２層クラッド板１１の代わり
に、アルミニウム系金属層９が厚さ０．４ｍｍの純アル
ミ板（材質；Ａ１０５０）であり、鉄系金属層１０が厚
さ０．４ｍｍの冷延鋼板である３０×６０×１．２ｍｍ
の鉄／アルミ／鉄３層クラッド材１２を用いても、図６
の（ｃ）および（ｄ）に示すように上記と同様な方法で
接合が可能であった。なお、この場合にも、アルミ板２
に予め穴が開けられていなくてもよいし、クラッド板１
１のアルミニウム系金属層９あるいは鉄系金属層１０の
両方あるいはどちらか一方に穴が開けられていてもよ
い。また、アルミ板２の代わりに鋼板３を用いてもよ
い。On the other hand, in the seventh embodiment, 30 × 60
Instead of the 0.8 mm iron / aluminum two-layer clad plate 11, the aluminum metal layer 9 is a pure aluminum plate (material: A1050) having a thickness of 0.4 mm, and the iron metal layer 10 has a thickness of 0. 30 mm x 60 mm x 1.2 mm which is a 4 mm cold rolled steel plate
Using the iron / aluminum / iron three-layer clad material 12 of FIG.
As shown in (c) and (d), the joining was possible by the same method as above. In this case also, the aluminum plate 2
It does not have to be pre-drilled in the clad plate 1.
One or both of the aluminum-based metal layer 9 and the iron-based metal layer 10 may be perforated. Further, the steel plate 3 may be used instead of the aluminum plate 2.
【００３２】（第８の実施例）第１〜第７の実施例にお
いて、抵抗溶接の際の通電時間を６０〜２８０ｍｓｅｃ
と変化させても抵抗溶接が可能であった。また、ピン４
を鋼板あるいは金属片にくい込ませた状態で抵抗溶接を
行っても、４．８ｋＡの電流を流すことによってピン４
と鋼板３あるいは金属片８を抵抗溶接することができ
た。また、ピン４の先端形状として図８の（ａ）に示し
たものの代わりに図８の（ｂ）あるいは（ｃ）に示した
ものを用いても、５．５ｋＡ程度の電流を流すことによ
ってピン４と鋼板３あるいは金属片８を抵抗溶接するこ
とができた。さらに、図１０に示すように、Ａｌ2Ｏ3な
どの絶縁性皮膜を被覆したピン４を用いることにより、
１．５ｋＡ程度の低電流で溶接を行うことが可能であっ
た。(Eighth Embodiment) In the first to seventh embodiments, the energization time during resistance welding is 60 to 280 msec.
Resistance welding was possible even if changed. Also, pin 4
Even if resistance welding is performed with the steel plate or metal piece embedded in the pin, the pin 4 can be applied by applying a current of 4.8 kA.
The steel plate 3 or the metal piece 8 could be resistance-welded. Further, even if the tip shape of the pin 4 shown in FIG. 8B or 8C is used instead of the tip shape shown in FIG. 4 and the steel plate 3 or the metal piece 8 could be resistance-welded. Further, as shown in FIG. 10, by using a pin 4 coated with an insulating film such as Al 2 O 3 ,
It was possible to perform welding with a low current of about 1.5 kA.
【００３３】（第９の実施例）第１〜第８の実施例で作
成した鋼板−アルミ板接合体の十字引張強さの値を測定
し、その最大値を直接スポット溶接した場合と比べる
と、本発明による継手の場合には直接スポット溶接した
場合に比べ２倍以上の高い値を示した。鋼板とアルミ板
は直接スポット溶接を行うと、溶接部で脆弱な金属間化
合物が生成されるため十字引張強さの値は低くなるが、
本発明による方法では金属間化合物がほとんど生成され
ないため、継手強度は高い値を示すことがわかった。(Ninth Example) The cross tensile strength values of the steel plate-aluminum plate joints prepared in the first to eighth examples were measured, and the maximum value was compared with the case of direct spot welding. In the case of the joint according to the present invention, the value was more than twice as high as that in the case of direct spot welding. Direct spot welding of a steel plate and an aluminum plate produces a brittle intermetallic compound at the weld, so the value of cross tensile strength becomes low, but
It has been found that the method according to the present invention produces a high value of the joint strength because intermetallic compounds are scarcely produced.
【００３４】[0034]
【発明の効果】以上述べたように、本発明を実施するこ
とによって、コンパクトかつ簡易な方法で鉄系金属材料
とアルミニウム系金属材料との異材接合を行うことが可
能となり、また、異材同士を抵抗溶接する際、溶接部で
生成される脆弱な金属間化合物の生成およびそれに伴う
接合部の強度・靭性の低下を防止することができる。ま
た、本発明では、点状、線状、面状など種々のタイプの
接合や様々な形状のもの同士の接合が可能となり、かつ
接合時にインサート材を必要とせず、鉄系金属材料とア
ルミニウム系金属材料との組み合わせ以外にも利用でき
るため、工業上非常に有益である。As described above, by carrying out the present invention, it becomes possible to perform the dissimilar material joining of the iron-based metal material and the aluminum-based metal material by a compact and simple method, and to dissimilar materials from each other. During resistance welding, it is possible to prevent the generation of brittle intermetallic compounds generated in the welded portion and the accompanying reduction in strength and toughness of the joint portion. Further, according to the present invention, it is possible to join various types such as dots, lines, and planes, or to join ones having various shapes, and an insert material is not required at the time of joining, and an iron-based metal material and an aluminum-based material can be used. Since it can be used in addition to the combination with a metal material, it is very useful in industry.
【図１】本発明における溶接法の一実施例を説明するた
めの断面図である。FIG. 1 is a sectional view for explaining an embodiment of a welding method in the present invention.
【図２】本発明における溶接法の一実施例を説明するた
めの断面図である。FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view for explaining one embodiment of the welding method in the present invention.
【図３】本発明における溶接法の一実施例を説明するた
めの断面図である。FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view for explaining one embodiment of the welding method in the present invention.
【図４】本発明における溶接法の一実施例を説明するた
めの断面図である。FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view for explaining one embodiment of the welding method of the present invention.
【図５】本発明における溶接法の一実施例を説明するた
めの断面図である。FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view for explaining one embodiment of the welding method of the present invention.
【図６】本発明における溶接法の一実施例を説明するた
めの断面図である。FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view for explaining one embodiment of the welding method of the present invention.
【図７】本発明に係るピン接合を用いた各種継手形状を
示す断面図である。FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view showing various joint shapes using the pin joint according to the present invention.
【図８】本発明で用いる各種ピンの横断面図の一例であ
る。FIG. 8 is an example of a cross-sectional view of various pins used in the present invention.
【図９】本発明で用いる各種ピンの縦断面図の一例であ
る。FIG. 9 is an example of a vertical sectional view of various pins used in the present invention.
【図１０】本発明で用いるピンの縦断面図の一例であ
る。FIG. 10 is an example of a vertical sectional view of a pin used in the present invention.
【図１１】本発明で用いるピン供給装置の一例を示す断
面図である。FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of a pin supply device used in the present invention.
１ ピンを通すための穴 ２ アルミニウム系金属材料からなる板 ３ 鉄系金属材料からなる板 ４ 鉄系金属材料からなるピン ５ ピンを通す方向 ６ ピンの先端部 ７ 溶接用電極 ８ 鉄系金属材料からなる金属片 ９ クラッド材のアルミニウム系金属層 １０ クラッド材の鉄系金属層 １１ 鉄／アルミニウム２層クラッド材の板 １２ 鉄／アルミニウム／鉄３層クラッド材の板 １３ 異材接合に用いる鉄系金属材料からなる板 １４ スポット溶接部 １５ 絶縁性皮膜 １６ ピンを連続的に供給可能な接合装置 １７ ピンを押えるバネ ｌ1 ピンのフランジ部の寸法 ｌ2 ピンの平行部の寸法 ｌ3 ピンの鋭角部の寸法 ｌ4 ピンの余りしろ1 Hole for passing pin 2 Plate made of aluminum-based metal material 3 Plate made of iron-based metal material 4 Pin made of iron-based metal material 5 Direction to pass pin 6 Tip of pin 7 Welding electrode 8 Iron-based metal material A metal piece consisting of 9 an aluminum-based metal layer of a clad material 10 an iron-based metal layer of a clad material 11 an iron / aluminum two-layer clad material plate 12 an iron / aluminum / iron three-layer clad material plate 13 an iron-based metal used for joining dissimilar materials Plate made of material 14 Spot welded portion 15 Insulating film 16 Joining device capable of continuously supplying 16 pins Spring for holding 17 pins Dimension of flange part of 1 pin 1 Dimension of parallel part of 2 pin 1 Sharp angle part of 3 pin Dimension l 4 pin margin
Claims (4)
属材料（２）を重ね合わせて接合する異種金属の接合方
法において、接合する部分に予め穴（１）が開けられた
アルミニウム系金属材料（２）を用い、該アルミニウム
系金属材料（２）側から該穴（１）に鉄系金属材料から
なるピン（４）を通して該ピン（４）の先端部を鉄系金
属材料（３）に接触させ、電極（７）でピン（４）と鉄
系金属材料（３）を加圧しながらピン（４）と鉄系金属
材料（３）との間で通電することによりピン（４）の先
端部と鉄系金属材料（３）を抵抗溶接し、ピン（４）を
介して鉄系金属材料（３）とアルミニウム系金属材料
（２）を接合することを特徴とする鉄系金属材料とアル
ミニウム系金属材料との接合方法。1. In a method for joining dissimilar metals, in which an iron-based metal material (3) and an aluminum-based metal material (2) are superposed and joined, an aluminum-based metal material in which a hole (1) is preliminarily formed in a joining portion. (2) is used, the pin (4) made of an iron-based metal material is passed through the hole (1) from the aluminum-based metal material (2) side, and the tip of the pin (4) is turned to the iron-based metal material (3). The tip of the pin (4) is brought into contact with the pin (4) by energizing the pin (4) and the iron-based metal material (3) while pressing the pin (4) and the iron-based metal material (3) with the electrode (7). Part and the iron-based metal material (3) are resistance-welded, and the iron-based metal material (3) and the aluminum-based metal material (2) are joined via the pin (4). Method for joining with metallic materials.
属材料（２）を重ね合わせて接合する異種金属の接合方
法において、接合する部分に予め穴（１）が開けられた
アルミニウム系金属材料（２）及び鉄系金属材料（３）
を用い、該アルミニウム系金属材料（２）側から該穴
（１）に鉄系金属材料からなるピン（４）を通して該ピ
ン（４）の先端部を鉄系金属材料（３）の接合面の逆側
に設置された鉄系金属材料からなる金属片（８）に接触
させ、あるいは鉄系金属材料（３）側から該穴（１）に
鉄系金属材料からなるピン（４）を通して該ピン（４）
の先端部をアルミニウム系金属材料（２）の接合面の逆
側に設置された鉄系金属材料からなる金属片（８）に接
触させ、電極（７）でピン（４）と該金属片（８）を加
圧しながらピン（４）と該金属片（８）との間で通電す
ることによりピン（４）の先端部と該金属片（８）を抵
抗溶接し、ピン（４）を介して鉄系金属材料（３）とア
ルミニウム系金属材料（２）を接合することを特徴とす
る鉄系金属材料とアルミニウム系金属材料との接合方
法。2. In a method for joining dissimilar metals, in which an iron-based metal material (3) and an aluminum-based metal material (2) are superposed and joined, an aluminum-based metal material in which a hole (1) is preliminarily formed in a joining portion. (2) and ferrous metal materials (3)
Using a steel, a pin (4) made of an iron-based metal material is passed through the hole (1) from the side of the aluminum-based metal material (2), and the tip of the pin (4) is connected to the joint surface of the iron-based metal material (3). The pin (4) made of an iron-based metal material is placed in contact with a metal piece (8) made of an iron-based metal material, or the pin (4) made of an iron-based metal material is passed through the hole (1) from the iron-based metal material (3) side. (4)
The tip end of the is contacted with a metal piece (8) made of an iron-based metal material that is installed on the opposite side of the joining surface of the aluminum-based metal material (2), and the pin (4) and the metal piece ( By applying electric current between the pin (4) and the metal piece (8) while applying pressure to 8), the tip end of the pin (4) and the metal piece (8) are resistance-welded, and the pin (4) is interposed. A method for joining an iron-based metal material and an aluminum-based metal material, which comprises joining the iron-based metal material (3) and the aluminum-based metal material (2).
系金属材料（３）とアルミニウム系金属材料（２）との
異種金属接合方法において、接合する部分に穴が開けら
れていないアルミニウム系金属材料（２）および鉄系金
属材料（３）の両方あるいは一方を用い、該アルミニウ
ム系金属材料（２）側あるいは該鉄系金属材料（３）側
から鉄系金属材料からなるピン（４）を電極（７）で加
圧しながら押し込み、該ピン（４）で該アルミニウム系
金属材料（２）および該鉄系金属材料（３）の両方ある
いは一方を貫いて、該ピン（４）の先端部を該鉄系金属
材料（３）、または鉄系金属材料（３）もしくはアルミ
ニウム系金属材料（２）の接合面の逆側に設置された鉄
系金属材料からなる金属片（８）に接触させ、電極
（７）でピン（４）と該鉄系金属材料（３）または鉄系
金属材料からなる金属片（８）を加圧しながらピン
（４）と該鉄系金属材料（３）または鉄系金属材料から
なる金属片（８）との間で通電することによりピン
（４）の先端部と該鉄系金属材料（３）または鉄系金属
材料からなる金属片（８）を抵抗溶接し、ピン（４）を
介して鉄系金属材料（３）とアルミニウム系金属材料
（２）を接合することを特徴とする鉄系金属材料とアル
ミニウム系金属材料との接合方法。3. The method for joining dissimilar metals of an iron-based metal material (3) and an aluminum-based metal material (2) according to claim 1 or 2, wherein no holes are made in the joining portion. A pin (4) made of an iron-based metal material from the aluminum-based metal material (2) side or the iron-based metal material (3) side using both or one of the iron-based metal material (2) and the iron-based metal material (3). ) Is pressed while being pressed by the electrode (7), and the pin (4) penetrates the aluminum-based metal material (2) and / or the iron-based metal material (3) or one of them, and the tip of the pin (4). Part to contact with the iron-based metal material (3) or a metal piece (8) made of an iron-based metal material installed on the opposite side of the joining surface of the iron-based metal material (3) or the aluminum-based metal material (2) The electrode (7) and the pin (4) While pressing the iron-based metal material (3) or the metal piece (8) made of the iron-based metal material, the pin (4) and the iron-based metal material (3) or the metal piece (8) made of the iron-based metal material The tip end of the pin (4) is resistance-welded to the iron-based metal material (3) or the metal piece (8) made of the iron-based metal material by passing electricity between them, and the iron-based metal material is inserted through the pin (4). A method for joining an iron-based metal material and an aluminum-based metal material, which comprises joining (3) and the aluminum-based metal material (2).
（３）とアルミニウム系金属材料（２）との異種金属接
合方法において、アルミニウム系金属材料（２）側ある
いは鉄系金属材料（３）側から鉄系金属材料からなるピ
ン（４）を電極（７）で加圧しながら押し込む際、ピン
（４）と鉄系金属材料（３）または鉄系金属材料からな
る金属片（８）との間で両者を抵抗溶接する際の電流値
Ｉの３０〜８０％の電流を流しながらピン（４）を押し
込んでアルミニウム系金属材料（２）および鉄系金属材
料（３）の両方あるいは一方を貫き、該ピン（４）の先
端部を鉄系金属材料（３）、または鉄系金属材料（３）
もしくはアルミニウム系金属材料（２）の接合面の逆側
に設置された鉄系金属材料からなる金属片（８）に接触
させ、電極（７）でピン（４）と鉄系金属材料（３）ま
たは鉄系金属材料からなる金属片（８）を加圧しながら
ピン（４）と鉄系金属材料（３）または鉄系金属材料か
らなる金属片（８）との間で電流値Ｉで通電することに
よりピン（４）の先端部と鉄系金属材料（３）または鉄
系金属材料からなる金属片（８）を抵抗溶接し、ピン
（４）を介して鉄系金属材料（３）とアルミニウム系金
属材料（２）を接合することを特徴とする鉄系金属材料
とアルミニウム系金属材料との接合方法。4. The method for joining dissimilar metals between an iron-based metal material (3) and an aluminum-based metal material (2) according to claim 3, wherein the aluminum-based metal material (2) side or the iron-based metal material (3) is used. ) Side, when the pin (4) made of an iron-based metal material is pushed in while being pressed by the electrode (7), the pin (4) and the iron-based metal material (3) or the metal piece (8) made of the iron-based metal material Between the aluminum-based metal material (2) and the iron-based metal material (3) by pushing in the pin (4) while applying a current of 30 to 80% of the current value I during resistance welding between the two. Penetrate the tip of the pin (4) with an iron-based metallic material (3) or an iron-based metallic material (3)
Alternatively, the pin (4) and the iron-based metal material (3) are contacted with the electrode (7) by contacting the metal piece (8) made of the iron-based metal material installed on the opposite side of the joining surface of the aluminum-based metal material (2). Alternatively, the pin (4) is energized with a current value I between the pin (4) and the iron-based metal material (3) or the metal piece (8) made of an iron-based metal material while pressurizing the metal piece (8) made of an iron-based metal material. By this, the tip of the pin (4) and the iron-based metal material (3) or the metal piece (8) made of the iron-based metal material are resistance-welded, and the iron-based metal material (3) and the aluminum are inserted through the pin (4). A method for joining an iron-based metal material and an aluminum-based metal material, which comprises joining the metal-based metal material (2).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP6024900A JP2954476B2 (en) | 1994-01-28 | 1994-01-28 | Joining method between iron-based metal material and aluminum-based metal material |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP6024900A JP2954476B2 (en) | 1994-01-28 | 1994-01-28 | Joining method between iron-based metal material and aluminum-based metal material |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH07214338A true JPH07214338A (en) | 1995-08-15 |
| JP2954476B2 JP2954476B2 (en) | 1999-09-27 |
Family
ID=12151064
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP6024900A Expired - Fee Related JP2954476B2 (en) | 1994-01-28 | 1994-01-28 | Joining method between iron-based metal material and aluminum-based metal material |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP2954476B2 (en) |
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