JPH0721214B2 - Construction material - Google Patents

Description

Description: FIELD OF THE INVENTION This invention relates to building members, and more particularly to noise barriers.

PRIOR ART Construction members with special properties of the inlay, i.e. the noise barrier in particular is next to the noise barrier made up of sound-absorbing plates arranged in multiple layers, essentially under static load It consists of a load-bearing plate and a sound-absorbing plate, for which the load-bearing plate and the sound-absorbing plate must be joined together. This is customarily done before the assembly of the building components.

Problems to be Solved by the Invention Joining of a sound absorbing plate and a load bearing plate by a receiving rail or an embedded bolt embedded in the load bearing plate is well known. These joining members are embedded in the load bearing plate at the time of manufacturing the load bearing plate, and the sound absorbing plate is joined by screwing using a receiving rail or an embedded bolt. This known joint requires a receiver rail or studs,
Further, it has a drawback that an additional step is indispensable for screwing. In addition, various problems occur when manufacturing the screw stopper. In this case, the receiving rail or the embedded bolt must be applied by screwing so as not to make a mistake. In addition, the associated precision in manufacturing must be guaranteed.

Based on this, it is an object of the invention to provide a construction member which ensures an easy joining of a load bearing plate and a sound absorbing plate.

Means for Solving Problems According to the present invention, in order to solve such problems,
A construction element of the first kind mentioned is constructed according to the features of claim 1. By directly joining the load bearing plate and the sound absorbing plate, it is possible to dispense with the receiving rails or embedded bolts required in the case of the known construction members. A notch or dovetail groove is provided in the back of the sound absorbing plate that contacts the load bearing plate to maintain a sufficiently durable joint.

Bonding of the load bearing plate and the sound absorbing plate is performed by using a groove or dovetail groove provided in at least one of the sound absorbing plate or the load bearing plate, and this dovetail groove is formed with the corresponding protrusion or dovetail of the plate without the dovetail groove. Can be fitted.

The ants and dovetails are formed as elongated grooves or wedges. In order to form the back cuts or dovetails required for joining, according to the invention, the sloping sides of the trapezoidal cross section are branched into the interior of the component so that the dovetail has a generally trapezoidal cross section. This creates a back notch, or dovetail groove. A wedge or ant is formed using a similar method. Based on this type of dovetail and ant, a "ditch" is formed between the load bearing plate and the sound absorbing plate.

In order to maintain a sufficiently stable joint between the load bearing plate and the sound absorbing plate, several parallel dovetail grooves and doves can be formed in each plate.

A prefabricated or prefabricated sound-absorbing plate is formed with a groove, for example a groove in the form of a dovetail, to which the load-bearing plate is integrated, either directly or via a thin intermediate layer. Built in.

When building another plate integrally with the sound absorbing plate, the groove used to form the joint inevitably becomes a hindrance, and when building the intermediate layer or load bearing plate integrally, As a result of filling the groove on the backside of the sound absorbing plate with the plate at the same time with a more fluid material, the groove is used as if it were a "female mold".

Furthermore, in the case of manufacturing a load bearing plate without incurring a lot of additional cost, in addition to performing such a treatment at the same time,
Using this method, appropriate wedges are formed in the wedge grooves of the sound absorbing plate, rather in this case the sound absorbing plate and the load bearing plate are already joined together.

Instead of joining the sound absorbing plate and the load bearing plate directly to each other, it is proposed instead to join them on a thin intermediate layer. In this case, the fluid material is applied to the completed normal type load bearing plate, and the sound absorbing plate is placed thereon. In this case, the wedge portion formed in the intermediate layer after the intermediate layer is hardened forms a narrow and appropriately shaped joint with the sound absorbing plate. This method of manufacturing the building member has the advantage that both the load bearing plate and the sound absorbing plate can be manufactured in advance. However, in the case of a load bearing plate, such a commercial practice may pose a problem.

Finally, not only after the plates of the building members have been manufactured, but also before the middle layer or the bearing plates have hardened, the entire building member can be rocked, if necessary with a hand-held mold, which results in sound absorption. The wedge groove provided in the plate can be completely closed by a suitable wedge portion formed in the load bearing plate or the intermediate layer.

Preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Embodiments Embodiments of the invention described below include noise barrier wall elements 20
Applied to the construction member formed as. This noise barrier element 20 can be combined to form a noise barrier 21 and can be fitted to form a facade or the like.

The embodiment of the noise protection wall element 20 shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 comprises a load bearing plate 22 and a sound absorbing plate 23 arranged in front of this load bearing plate 22.
It consists of and. The sound-absorbing plate 23 is made of a sound-absorbing or sound-insulating material with small holes, in particular a perforated material, such as porous lightweight concrete.

In the illustrated embodiment, the sound absorbing plate 23 has a generally parallelepiped-shaped main body 24 with a square cross section. In the front surface 25 where nothing is attached, the sound absorbing plate 23 has a large number of indentations 26 having a sound absorbing property and a protrusion 27 having a connection with a flat surface 28. The depressions 26 and the protrusions 27 form a mesh, and in the illustrated embodiment, the depressions 26 and the protrusions 27 are the front surface of the sound absorbing plate 25.
It is arranged to draw a checkerboard pattern at 25. The recess 26 and the protrusion 27 are surrounded by a peripherally extending edge 29,
The edge 29 extends on the horizontal plane of the plane 28. Such a sound absorbing sound insulating plate, that is, the sound absorbing plate 23 is a German patent application P35305.
It is described in detail in No. 67 and shows the individual relationships.

The illustrated sound absorbing plate 23 based on this invention is based on the above-mentioned German Patent Application No. P3.
Unlike the sound absorbing plate described in No. 530567, the back surface 30 of the sound absorbing plate 23 facing the load bearing plate 22 is provided with two dents, that is, grooves 31 that are parallel and extend straight and horizontally on the back surface 30. Groove 31 forms a dovetail joint and is therefore a beveled side
It has a generally trapezoidal cross section with 32 and these sides
32 extends towards the back surface 30. The side surface 32 of the groove 31 thereby forms a rear surface notch at the rear of the sound absorbing plate 23.

The load bearing plate 22 is made of ordinary concrete. Steel stiffeners not shown for stability reasons
Can be installed in

It can be understood from FIGS. 1 and 2 that the load bearing plate 22 forms a parallelepiped. The load bearing plate 22 forms the main surface of the sound absorbing plate 23 and has a square cross section. On the front face 33 facing towards the sound absorbing plate 23, the load bearing plate 22 has a wedge 34 with a cross section corresponding to two parallel and horizontal straight protrusions, namely the groove 31, and forming a dovetail joint. Have As is apparent from FIG. 1, the wedge 34 of the load bearing plate 22 is fitted into the groove 31 of the sound absorbing plate 23 through the rear notch so as to join the load bearing plate 22 and the sound absorbing plate 23. A homogeneous soundproof wall element 20 is constructed. The depth of the groove 31, that is, the height of the wedge 34 is 3 cm in the illustrated embodiment.
Therefore, the wide width of the wedge 34 is 5-6c in this case.
m, the narrower width is 3 cm.

The embodiment of the noise protection wall element 20 shown in FIG. 3 consists of three parts. In this case, there is a thin intermediate layer on the back side of the sound absorbing plate 23, and a proof plate 36 is further provided on the back surface thereof, and the sound absorbing plate 23 of the previous embodiment corresponds to the formation of this sound absorbing plate 23. .

The wedge 34 is in this case the middle layer facing the sound absorbing plate 23.
It is provided on the front surface 37 of 35. Due to this, the load bearing plate 36
And the sound absorbing plate 23 are indirectly joined, and at the same time, the latter sound absorbing plate 23
Is suitably joined to the intermediate layer 35 by grooves 31 or wedges 34, and the intermediate layer 35 is joined to the underlying bearing plate 36 by mortar joining. This mortar joint is formed by the fact that the intermediate layer 35 contains mortar as a component, and thus the joint with the proof plate 36 made of ordinary concrete is sufficient, and in this case, the pores are Die-free joints are sufficiently durable, unlike joints with sound-absorbing plates 23, which are joined to concrete or mortar only through the molds for the reason that it is an open or open source material. Has become.

FIG. 4 shows a noise barrier element 20 which also consists of three parts, the bearing plate 38 shown being slightly smaller than the main surface of the bearing plate 38 required for the sound absorbing plate 23 or the intermediate layer 39. It has a low recess 40 and thus forms a mold edge 41 that extends around the bearing plate 38 and is used as an invisible mold instead of the intermediate layer 39 provided with the wedge 34.

FIG. 5 shows another embodiment of the noise prevention wall element 20,
The noise barrier wall element 20 is further formed such that the load bearing plate 42 has an L-shaped cross section. Further, in this embodiment, the sound absorbing plate 23 is joined to the long leg portion 43 by using two dovetail joints with the load bearing plate 42. As the case may be, the intermediate layer 3 is provided between the sound absorbing plate 23 and the long leg portion 43 as in the embodiment of FIGS.
5, 39 can be provided. In this case, the short leg portions 44 of the load bearing plate 42 positioned laterally with respect to the long leg portions 43 cover the upper end of the sound absorbing plate 23 like a rock shelf. In this case, the length of the short leg portion 44 is determined so as to be substantially flush with the surface of the protrusion 27 of the sound absorbing plate 23.

In particular, FIG. 6 shows the finished noise barrier wall element 46. This noise barrier wall element 46 has a rather elongated load bearing plate 47 on which several adjacent square sound absorbing plates 23 of the type described above are fixed, with a suitable groove / wedge connection. It has been properly shaped and used. In the illustrated embodiment, the load-bearing plates 47 are wider than the entire width of the sound-absorbing plates 23 arranged side by side on the load-bearing plates 47, so that the noise-preventing wall element 46, which is in contact with the narrow end on the opposite side, is It has a protruding end 48 which is not covered. This protruding end 48
Is the noise barrier wall element 46 on the corresponding column or support
To stabilize and thus help in the formation of the noise barrier wall element 21 or the like, which will be explained in more detail later in the description.

7 to 9 show a larger noise prevention wall element 49, the load bearing plate 50 being a number of sound absorbing plates 23 arranged side by side.
Two overlapping horizontal rows 51, 52 of are formed so that they can be properly secured on the load bearing plate 50 using the described dovetail method. Rectangular noise barrier wall elements 49
The size of is determined so as to show the height corresponding to the two sound absorbing plates 23 which are directly overlapped with each other. Therefore, the load bearing plate 50
The long vertical end of the sound absorbing plate 23 comes to be flush with the empty horizontal end of the sound absorbing plate 23. With regard to the lateral width, the force-bearing plate 50 that is in contact with the side faces at the opposite position projects beyond the sound absorbing plate 23 and forms a projecting end portion 48.

It is apparent from FIG. 9 that the protruding end portion 48 is formed. The protruding end portion 48 is somewhat thicker than the region of the load bearing plate 50 located on the back surface of the sound absorbing plate 23. Depending on this,
The sound absorbing plate 23 is locked in the horizontal direction, or the grooves 31 or the wedges 34 of the sound absorbing plate 23 arranged in the rows 51 and 52 are connected in the vertical direction.

FIG. 10 shows a load bearing plate that forms an L-shape in the same manner as in FIG.
53, in which the short legs 44 cover the upper ends of the sound absorbing plates 23 located in the upper row 51 in the case of FIG.

In the case of constructing the noise prevention wall element 20 of FIGS. 1 and 2, especially the rear surface of the assembled sound absorbing plate 23 having the preformed groove 31.
The 30 is fitted upwards into a mold which corresponds to the dimensions of the noise barrier wall element 20, the mold being made up of a flat frame plate and a framework placed on this frame plate. The mold or mold thus prepared is subsequently made using flowable plain concrete, at this time together with the mold when forming the wedge 34 the entire noise-preventing wall element 20 or a flowable plain concrete. At least one of the concrete is rocked, and at the same time, the load bearing plate 22 and the sound absorbing plate 23 are joined, and more fluid ordinary concrete is poured into the groove 31 of the sound absorbing plate 23. If necessary, before pouring ordinary concrete,
Corresponding reinforcing means can be provided in the mould.

To form the load-bearing plate 22, first, a free-flowing ordinary concrete is poured into a corresponding mold or mold, and then a prefabricated sound-absorbing plate 23 having grooves 31 with its front face 25 facing up. They can be placed or even alternate. Also, in this case, it can be swung to aid in the formation of the wedge 34 in the groove 31.

The two approaches described above can also be applied to the manufacture of the noise protection wall elements 46, 49 shown in FIGS.

For the production of the noise protection wall element 20 according to FIG. 3, normally constructed prefabricated load bearing plates 36 and prefabricated sound absorbing plates 23 are available. In this case, the assembly type load bearing plate 22 having the surface facing the sound absorbing plate 23 to be mounted first is faced up and fitted into the corresponding mold. Then, a thin layer of cement or mortar, which hardens relatively hard after hardening relatively, is poured into the mould, and finally, the mortar or concrete layer forming the intermediate layers 35, 39 is still in a fluid state. The sound absorbing plate 23 is installed in the mold or the mold with the front surface 25 facing upward. Also, if necessary, the wedge 34 that contacts the intermediate layers 35 and 39 by rocking
Can help the formation of.

The noise protection wall element 20 of FIG. 4 can be manufactured in a similar manner. However, in some cases it is possible not to use the mold, in this case using the recess 40 and the mold edge 41 of the load bearing plate 38, or using the groove 31 of the sound absorbing plate 23,
The mold required to form the intermediate layer 39 is made, and thus is made using a totally "lost mold".

FIGS. 11 to 15 show an embodiment of the noise barrier 21 when the noise barrier elements 20, 46 and 49 shown in FIGS. 1 to 10 are used. Therefore, the noise barrier wall elements 20, 46, 49 used to form the noise barrier 21 are retained between the unattached straight struts 54.
As can be seen in particular from FIG. 11, the post 54 shown has a double T-shaped cross section in the region of the noise protection wall elements 20, 46, 49, and in the illustrated embodiment the cross section is similar. It is made of concrete or reinforced concrete. Double T
The projecting ends 48 of the noise-barrier wall elements 46, 49 are fitted and fixed in opposite straight support grooves 55 of the support area 56 of the stanchion 54 formed by the V-shaped cross section. The front side of the noise barrier 21, i.e. the side flange 57 of the support area 56 of the post 54 towards the sound absorbing plate 23, forms a view of the front side of the noise barrier 21 which is approximately transitionally separated from a visual point of view. The noise suppressing wall elements 46, 49 formed by the projecting ends 48 are shaped to substantially fill the space between two adjacent sound absorbing plates 23.

It can be seen in FIG. 12 that the strut 54 is formed of two members, namely a support area 56 and a pedestal 58. The joint between the support area 56 and the pedestal 58 is a rectangular section 59 formed at the bottom of the double T-shaped cross section shown in FIG.
Done by This rectangular portion 59 is inserted into a corresponding mounting hole 60 in the pedestal 58, which in the illustrated embodiment is embedded in the soil.

FIG. 14 shows the pillars 61 formed to intersect with each other. The pillar 61 has a unitary structure and is made of a double T-shaped metal pillar cast into a pedestal. In FIG. 14, the space between the sound-absorbing plates 23 adjacent to the noise-preventing wall elements 46, 49 in the area of the double T-shaped column 63 shown in FIG. Can be closed by a stop plate (not shown) that can be attached later.

Finally, FIG. 15 shows a packing 64 that extends horizontally between the noise barrier wall elements 20, 46, 49 arranged one above the other. This packing 64 is a load bearing plate 22, 36, 38,
Between 42, 47, 50 and 53, it is made from a continuous string of rubber-like material, which in the simplest case is elastic and durable.

[Brief description of drawings]

1 is a vertical sectional view of a first embodiment of the building member of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a plan view of the building member of FIG. 1, and FIG. 3 is a second embodiment of the building member of the present invention. Vertical sectional view, FIG. 4 is a vertical sectional view of a third embodiment of the building member of the present invention, FIG.
The drawing is a vertical sectional view of a fourth embodiment of the building member of the present invention,
6 is a plan view of the sound absorbing plate on the common load bearing plate arranged in the nearest position, FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of a fifth embodiment of the building member of the present invention, and FIG. 8 is the building of FIG. Fig. 9 is a plan view of the member, Fig. 9 is a longitudinal sectional view of the building member of Figs. 7 and 8, Fig. 10 is a cross-sectional view of a sixth embodiment of the building member of the present invention, and Fig. 11 is a building of the present invention. A cross-sectional view of the wall in the joining region through the struts of the second embodiment of the member, FIG. 12 is a vertical cross-sectional view of the pedestal of the struts of FIG. 11, and FIG. FIG. 14 is a cross-sectional view of a crossing joint between a building member and a wall according to a second embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 15 is a seam packing between two building members arranged so as to overlap each other. It is a vertical cross-sectional view of FIG. In the figure, 20, 46, 49: noise prevention wall element, 21: noise prevention wall, 22, 36, 38, 42, 47, 50, 53: bearing plate, 23: sound absorbing plate, 24: main body, 25, 33 , 37: front surface, 26: hollow, 27: protrusion, 29: edge, 30: back surface, 31: groove, 32: side surface, 34: wedge, 3
5, 39: Intermediate layer, 40: Recess, 41: Mold edge, 43: Long leg, 44: Short leg, 48: Projecting end, 51, 52: Row, 54, 61: Strut, 57: Side flange, 58, 62: Pedestal, 59: Rectangular part, 60: Mounting hole, 64:
packing.

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A sound-absorbing plate, which comprises a load-bearing plate and a sound-absorbing plate joined to each other by dovetail joints on opposite sides, and a rectangular recess (26) and a protrusion (27) are formed in the longitudinal and lateral directions of the sound-absorbing plate. A plane that is formed continuously in alternating directions and forms a net-like shape, with the center of the space between four adjacent vertical and horizontal dents and the projection being flat and lower than the projection and higher than the depth of the dent. (28) A construction member, characterized in that it is formed by (28), and the recess and the projection are surrounded by a peripherally extending edge (29) and the edge extends on a horizontal plane of the plane. 2. The building member according to claim 1, wherein the load bearing plate and the sound absorbing plate are joined via an intermediate layer.