JPH07189549A - Self-closing door device - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To provide a device having the self-closing function of a door and the braking function braking the door directly before closing it by simple construction. CONSTITUTION:A cylinder 11 of bottomed cylinder is fitted in a door l opening and closing an opening part 3 by sliding. A piston member 12 also serving as a weight for self-closing is slidably built in the cylinder 11. The extreme end of wire rope drawn out from the piston member 12 is fixed to an upper rail 6 through a guide roller 14 on the upper end of the door 1. An air brake mechanism 15 composed of three holes 15a, 15b, 15c is provided on the lower circumferential face of the cylinder 11. When the piston member 12 is brought down in the cylinder 11 by dead weight, the holes are closed in order from the upper end hole 15a with the piston member 12. Hereby, the air quantity discharged outward from the cylinder 11 becomes smaller in order, and braking force increasing in order is applied on the cylinder member 12.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a self-closing door device capable of automatically closing a door that has been opened manually, and more particularly to a self-closing door device capable of smoothing a door closing operation.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, as a self-closing door device capable of automatically closing a door that has been opened manually, a device in which the door is closed by its own weight by an inclined rail or a door is closed by a weight is used. That was urged to
Further, there is known one in which the door is closed by the urging force of a mainspring spring wound by the opening operation of the door.

By the way, in any of these self-closing door devices, the door may be vigorously closed only by the self-closing device. Therefore, conventionally, a fluid such as air or a spring is placed in the opening frame of the upper frame or the like. The built-in braking device is used to apply braking to the door just before closing.

[0004]

The above-mentioned conventional self-closing door device requires a brake device in addition to the self-closing device, so that the number of parts and the number of assembling steps increase and the cost increases. There is.

Further, the conventional braking device has a structure in which braking is applied only to the door immediately before closing,
There is a problem that the door that has been closing vigorously stops temporarily at the moment when the brake is applied, and then slowly closes, and the closing operation of the door is not smooth.

The present invention has been made in view of the above situation, and provides a self-closing door device which can simplify the structure to reduce the cost and can smoothly perform the closing operation of the door. The purpose is to

Another object of the present invention is to provide a self-closing door device which can be applied to any opening.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a self-closing door device that can be applied to a door having a thin door.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a self-closing door device in which the structure of the air brake mechanism is simplified and stable operation can be obtained.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a self-closing door device in which the structure of the atmosphere opening mechanism is simplified and stable operation can be obtained.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a self-closing door device which can obtain a stable braking force for a long period of time.

Still another object of the present invention is to provide a self-closing door device which can stabilize the opening / closing operation of the door.

[0013]

In order to achieve the above object, the invention according to claim 1 of the present invention is a cord body having one end connected to a door side or a fixed side and pulled by opening and closing the door; A piston member that is connected to the other end of the cord body and that moves up in the cylinder when the door is opened and that descends inside the cylinder when the door is closed; An air brake mechanism for gradually reducing the amount of air discharged from the cylinder to the outside in conjunction with the lowering of the member; provided on at least one of the cylinder and the piston member, and interlocking with the rising of the piston member And an atmosphere opening mechanism for opening the inside of the cylinder to the atmosphere.

Further, the invention according to claim 2 of the present invention is characterized in that the cylinder is incorporated into a door constituted by a sliding door or a swing door, and one end portion of the cord body is connected to the fixed side. And

The invention according to claim 3 of the present invention is characterized in that the cylinder is incorporated into an opening frame or a wall, and one end of the cord is connected to the door side.

Further, in the invention according to claim 4 of the present invention, the air brake mechanism is constituted by an opening portion which is provided on the peripheral surface of the cylinder and whose effective opening area is gradually reduced by lowering the piston member. Characterize.

The invention according to claim 5 of the present invention is characterized in that the atmosphere opening mechanism is constituted by a normally closed valve which opens due to a pressure difference from the atmospheric pressure inside the cylinder.

The invention according to claim 6 of the present invention is characterized in that the cylinder is provided with an adjusting mechanism for adjusting the braking force by adjusting the amount of air discharged from the inside of the cylinder.

Further, the invention according to claim 7 of the present invention is
The feature is that the weight of the piston member can be adjusted.

[0020]

In the invention according to claim 1 of the present invention, when the door is opened, the string member pulls the piston member upward in the cylinder. At this time, since the inside of the cylinder is opened to the atmosphere by the operation of the atmosphere opening mechanism, it is possible to open with a small force.

On the other hand, when the hand is released from the opened door, the door automatically starts to close due to the own weight of the piston member which also serves as the self-closing weight. At this time, since the amount of air discharged from the inside of the cylinder to the outside is gradually reduced by the operation of the air brake mechanism, the braking force is given to the descending piston member,
Moreover, this braking force will gradually increase. Therefore, the door can be smoothly closed.

Further, in the invention according to claim 2 of the present invention, the cylinder is incorporated inside a door constituted by a sliding door or a hinged door. Therefore, the device is configured only by connecting one end of the cord body to the fixed side, and the device can be applied to the opening of any structure.

Further, in the invention according to claim 3 of the present invention, the cylinder is incorporated inside the opening frame or the wall. Therefore, the present invention can be applied to a door having a small door thickness, a door having a thick door thickness and having no extra space inside, and a normal door which is commercially available.

Further, in the invention according to claim 4 of the present invention, the air brake mechanism is constituted by an opening portion which is provided on the peripheral surface of the cylinder and whose effective opening area is gradually reduced by lowering the piston member. Therefore, the structure is extremely simple and stable operation can be obtained for a long period of time.

Further, in the invention according to claim 5 of the present invention, the atmosphere opening mechanism is constituted by a normally closed valve which is opened by a pressure difference from the atmospheric pressure inside the cylinder. For this reason,
The atmosphere opening mechanism can be configured without requiring a special drive source, and stable operation can be obtained with a simple structure.

In the invention according to claim 6 of the present invention, the cylinder is provided with an adjusting mechanism for adjusting the amount of air discharged from the inside of the cylinder to adjust the braking force. Therefore, it is possible to easily obtain the optimum braking force that matches the situation of the door installation site, and adjust the braking force according to the deterioration of the use of the device, so that the optimum braking force can be obtained over a long period of time. Can be obtained.

Further, in the invention according to claim 7 of the present invention, the weight of the piston member can be adjusted. Therefore, the opening / closing operation of the door can be always stabilized by adjusting the weight of the piston member according to the variation in the weight of the door, the movement of the door in the field, and the like.

[0028]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. 1 to 3 show a self-closing door device according to a first embodiment of the present invention. In the drawings, reference numeral 1 denotes an opening 3 formed in a wall 2 slid along the wall 2. A door having a sliding door structure that opens and closes. A door roller 5 is attached to an upper end portion of the door 1 through a bracket 4, and the door roller 5 is incorporated in an upper frame 6 that constitutes a part of an opening frame. The rail 7 rolls to guide the slide of the door 1, and the lower end of the door 1 is guided by a lower guide roller 8. The self-closing door device 10 according to the present embodiment is provided between the door 1 and the upper frame 6.

This self-closing door device 10 is shown in FIGS.
As shown in FIG. 1, a cylinder 11 having a bottomed cylindrical shape or a bottomed rectangular tube shape incorporated in the door 1 is provided. Inside the cylinder 11, a piston member 12 that also functions as a self-closing weight is provided. Are arranged so as to be slidable up and down.

As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, one end of a wire rope 13 for sliding the piston member 12 in conjunction with opening and closing of the door 1 is connected to the piston member 12. The other end of the wire rope 13 is wound around a guide roller 14 provided at the upper end of the door 1 and then fixed to a predetermined position of the upper frame 6. When the door 1 is manually opened to the fully open position shown in FIG. 1 and the hand is released from the door 1, the piston member 12 descends in the cylinder 11 by its own weight, and after the state shown in FIG. The door 1 is closed until the fully closed state shown in FIG.

As shown in FIG.
4 (a) and 4 (b), an air brake mechanism 15 for gradually reducing the amount of air discharged from the cylinder 11 in association with the lowering of the piston member 12 and an upward movement of the piston member 12 are interlocked. An atmosphere opening mechanism 16 that opens the inside of the cylinder 11 to the atmosphere and an adjusting mechanism 17 that adjusts the amount of air discharged from the cylinder 11 to adjust the braking force are provided.

As shown in FIGS. 1 to 4 (a) and (b), the air brake mechanism 15 has, for example, three holes 15a, 15b, 15c formed at intervals in the vertical direction.
And each of these holes 15a, 15b, 15c.
Are sequentially closed from above by a piston member 12 descending in the cylinder 11.
As a result, the amount of air discharged from the inside of the cylinder 11 to the outside is reduced in three stages, and in response to this, the braking force applied to the piston member 12 sequentially increases. That is, the total effective opening area of the three holes 15a, 15b, 15c (the opening area used to discharge air from the inside of the cylinder 11 to the outside) gradually decreases as the piston member 12 descends, Accordingly, the braking force applied to the piston member 12 gradually increases.

The atmosphere opening mechanism 16 is shown in FIG.
As shown in (a) and (b), it is composed of a normally closed valve 16b that closes the opening 16a provided at the lower end peripheral surface of the cylinder 11 from the inside by its own elastic force. 16b is opened as shown in FIG. 4 (b) due to the pressure difference between the pressure inside the cylinder 11 and the atmospheric pressure when the piston member 12 at the bottom dead center position shown in FIG. 4 (a) rises. 11 The inside is open to the atmosphere. Therefore, it is considered that the suction force pulling downward does not act on the ascending piston member 12.

Further, the adjusting mechanism 17 has the structure shown in FIG.
As shown in (b), a small hole 17a formed on the circumferential surface of the cylinder 11 at a position lower than the bottom dead center position of the piston member 12.
And a flow rate adjusting valve 17b provided at the outer surface position of the small hole 17a. By controlling the opening degree of the flow rate adjusting valve 17b, the amount of air discharged from the inside of the cylinder 11 is adjusted to provide a braking force. It can be adjusted.

The adjusting mechanism 17 may be composed of only the small hole 17a when it is not necessary to adjust the flow rate, and there is a certain amount of air leakage between the cylinder 11 and the piston member 12. It may be omitted in some cases.

Next, the operation of this embodiment will be described.
When the hand is released from the door 1 in a state where the door 1 is manually opened to the fully open position shown in FIG. 1, the piston member 12 begins to descend in the cylinder 11 due to its own weight. As a result, the fully open door 1 starts to close.

By the way, the piston member 12 is the cylinder 1
When the cylinder 1 below the piston member 12 starts to descend in the first cylinder 1, the volume of the cylinder 11 gradually decreases, but in this state, a sufficient amount of air is discharged from the air brake mechanism 15 and the adjusting mechanism 17 to the outside. The pressure in 11 does not increase and therefore no braking force acts on the piston member 12.

The piston member 12 further includes the cylinder 11
When the door 1 descends and the door 1 closes to about 30 cm before being fully closed, the hole 15a at the upper end of the air brake mechanism 15 is closed by the piston member 12, as shown in FIG. Therefore, the effective opening area of the air brake mechanism 15 is two thirds.
The amount of air discharged from the air brake mechanism 15 to the outside is reduced. Then, due to this decrease, the pressure in the cylinder 11 increases, the first stage braking force is applied to the piston member 12, and the speed of the door 1 slows down.

When the piston member 12 is further lowered, the hole 15a at the upper end of the air brake mechanism 15 and the hole 15b below the hole 15a are closed by the piston member 12, and the effective opening area of the air brake mechanism 15 is reduced to one third of the initial value. Decrease to. Therefore, a larger second-stage braking force is applied to the piston member 12, and the speed of the door 1 further decreases.

The piston member 12 is further lowered to move the door 1
Approaching the fully closed position, all the holes 15a, 15b, 15c of the air brake mechanism 15 are closed by the piston member 12, the effective opening area of the air brake mechanism 15 becomes zero, and the air in the cylinder 11 is adjusted by the adjustment mechanism. It will be discharged only from 17. Therefore, the maximum braking force of the third step is applied to the piston member 12, and the speed of the door 1 becomes extremely slow. Then, it is closed at this speed to be in the fully closed state shown in FIG.

FIG. 5 shows a change in the closing operation speed of the door 1 when the self-closing door device 10 is used, in comparison with the conventional one. In the figure, the solid line graph A shows the self-closing door device. 10 is used, and the broken line graph B shows the conventional case. Further, in the solid line graph A, a point a indicates a case where the piston member 12 is at the top dead center position, and a point b indicates a case where the hole 15a is closed by the piston member 12.
Point c is the case where hole 15b is also closed by piston member 12, and point d is all holes 15a, 15b, 15
Point c represents the case where the piston member 12 closes, and point e represents the case where the door 1 is fully closed.

As is clear from FIG. 5, the change in the closing operation speed of the door 1 using the self-closing door device 10 is smoother than that in the conventional case, and the closing operation of the door 1 is smoother. It turns out that it can be obtained.

On the other hand, when the fully closed door 1 is manually opened, a tensile force acts on the piston member 12 via the wire rope 13, and the piston member 12 at the bottom dead center position shown in FIG. The cylinder 11 begins to rise.

By the way, the piston member 12 at the bottom dead center position
When the cylinder starts to rise, the cylinder 1 below the piston member 12
The volume of No. 1 gradually increases, and the pressure in the cylinder drops to below atmospheric pressure. Then, as shown in FIG. 4B, the normally-closed valve 16b opens due to this pressure difference, and external air flows into the cylinder 11 through the opening 16a.
That is, the inside of the cylinder 11 is opened to the atmosphere. For this reason, a force pulling the piston member 12 downward does not act on the ascending piston member 12, and the door 1 can be opened with a small force.

Since the air brake mechanism 15 has a structure in which the amount of air exhausted from the inside of the cylinder 11 to the outside is gradually reduced in conjunction with the lowering of the piston member 12, the piston member 12 is smooth. A braking force is applied, and the door 1 can be smoothly closed. Further, when the door 1 is opened, the inside of the cylinder 11 is opened to the atmosphere by the operation of the atmosphere opening mechanism 16, so that the door 1 can be opened with a small force. And since all of these are built in the self-closing door device 10,
The cost can be reduced by simplifying the structure and reducing the number of assembling steps.

FIG. 6 shows a second embodiment of the present invention, in which the self-closing door device 10 is incorporated in a vertical frame 21 or a wall which constitutes an opening frame, and the tip of the wire rope 13 is
After wrapping around the guide roller 22 provided in the upper frame 6,
The door 1 is fixed to the side. In other respects, the structure is the same as that of the first embodiment and the operation is the same.

However, even in the case of the present embodiment, the first
The same effect as that of the embodiment can be obtained, and even if the cylinder 11 cannot be incorporated because the door 1 is made of one glass, it can be applied without any trouble.

FIGS. 7 and 8 show a third embodiment of the present invention, in which the self-closing door device 10 is provided with a door 3 having a hinged door structure.
The wire rope 13 is incorporated in the first frame 1, and the tip of the wire rope 13 is fixed to the upper frame 32 constituting the opening frame. In other respects, the structure is the same as that of the first embodiment and the operation is the same.

Therefore, also in the case of this embodiment applied to the hinged door, the same effect as that of the first embodiment applied to the sliding door can be expected.

FIG. 9 shows a fourth embodiment of the present invention, in which the self-closing door device 10 is incorporated in a vertical frame 33 or a wall which constitutes an opening frame for a door 31 having a hinged door structure. The large gear 3 is attached to the fulcrum shaft 34 that rotates together with the door 31.
5 is attached, and a small gear 36 that meshes with the large gear 35.
A pulley 37 is provided coaxially with, and the tip end of the wire rope 13 is fixed to the pulley 37 via a guide roller 38 so that the wire rope 13 is wound around the pulley 37 and rewound. In other respects, the structure is the same as that of the first embodiment and the operation is the same.

Even in the case of this embodiment, however, the third
The same effect as that of the embodiment can be expected, and it can be applied without any trouble even when there is no space for incorporating the cylinder 11 in the door 31.

FIG. 10 shows a fifth embodiment of the present invention, in which the air brake mechanism 15 is constituted by one or a plurality of vertical slits 15d provided in the cylinder 11. is there. In other respects, the configuration is the same as that of each of the above-described embodiments, and the operation is also the same.

By configuring the air brake mechanism 15 with the slit 15d, the closing operation of the doors 1 and 31 can be made smoother.

FIG. 11 shows a sixth embodiment of the present invention, in which the atmosphere opening mechanism 16 is a normally closed valve 16 for opening and closing the lower end of a vertical through hole 16c provided in the piston member 12.
It is configured by d. In other respects, the configuration is the same as that of each of the above-described embodiments, and the operation is also the same.

By incorporating the atmosphere opening mechanism 16 into the piston member 12, however, the working amount of the cylinder 11 is reduced, which is effective when the cylinder 11 having a small diameter is used, for example.

FIG. 12 shows a seventh embodiment of the present invention, in which the weight of the piston member 12 can be adjusted according to the situation at the site.

That is, the piston member 12 shown in FIG.
Includes a donut disk-shaped split unit weight 12a stacked in an arbitrary number in the vertical direction, and donut disk-shaped felt packings 12b arranged at the upper and lower ends thereof, respectively. An eyebolt 41 is inserted into these shaft center portions from above, and a nut 43 is screwed to a lower end portion of the eyebolt 41 via a washer 42. The weight of the piston member 12 can be adjusted according to the situation at the site by changing the number of the unit weights 12a. In other respects, the configuration is the same as that of each of the above-described embodiments, and the operation is also the same.

Since the weight of the piston member 12 can be adjusted, for example, when the weight of the door 1 varies, it is necessary to mount the door 1 having a weight different from the initially planned door 1. Case, or if the movement of the door 1 varies, the cylinder 11
Even when it is not possible to install them vertically, it is possible to absorb them by adjusting the weight of the piston member 12 and stabilize the opening / closing operation of the door 1.

In each of the above embodiments, the door 1,
Although the description has been given of the case where all of 31 are single-opening sliding doors or hinged doors, it goes without saying that the same applies to double-opening sliding doors or hinged doors.

[0060]

As described above, according to the first aspect of the present invention.
According to the invention of claim 1, the cylinder is provided with an air brake mechanism, and the air brake mechanism has a structure in which the amount of air discharged from the cylinder is gradually reduced in conjunction with the lowering of the piston member. It is powered and can smoothly close the door.

Further, when the door is opened, the inside of the cylinder is opened to the atmosphere by the operation of the atmosphere opening mechanism, so that the door can be opened with a small force.

Further, since the self-closing door device itself has the self-closing function and the braking function, the structure can be simplified and the number of assembling steps can be eliminated, so that the cost can be reduced.

Further, in the invention according to claim 2 of the present invention, since the cylinder is incorporated inside the door constituted by the sliding door or the swing door, the device can be constructed by simply connecting one end of the cord body to the fixed side. It is constructed and can be applied to openings of any structure.

Further, in the invention according to claim 3 of the present invention, since the cylinder is incorporated inside the opening frame or the wall,
The present invention can be applied to a door having a thin door thickness, a door having a thick door thickness and having no extra space inside, and a normal door which is commercially available.

Further, in the invention according to claim 4 of the present invention, the air brake mechanism is constituted by the opening portion which is provided on the peripheral surface of the cylinder and whose effective opening area is gradually reduced by lowering of the piston member. Can be simplified and the operation can be stabilized over a long period of time.

Further, in the invention according to claim 5 of the present invention, since the atmosphere opening mechanism is constituted by the normally closed valve which is opened by the pressure difference between the pressure inside the cylinder and the atmospheric pressure, a special drive source is provided. The atmosphere opening mechanism can be configured without need, and the structure can be simplified to stabilize the operation.

In the invention according to claim 6 of the present invention, since the cylinder is provided with the adjusting mechanism for adjusting the braking force by adjusting the amount of air discharged from the inside of the cylinder, the situation at the installation site of the door can be improved. It is possible to easily obtain the optimum braking force that matches with it, and also to adjust the braking force according to the deterioration of use of the device or the like to obtain the optimum braking force for a long period of time.

Further, the invention according to claim 7 of the present invention is
Since the weight of the piston member can be adjusted,
For example, when the weight and movement of the door vary, or when it is necessary to install a door with a weight different from the originally planned door, and when the cylinder cannot be installed vertically. Also, by adjusting the weight of the piston member, these can be absorbed and the opening / closing operation of the door can be always stabilized.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram showing a state of a self-closing door device according to a first exemplary embodiment of the present invention when a door is fully opened.

FIG. 2 is a configuration diagram showing a state just before door closing similar to FIG.

FIG. 3 is a configuration diagram showing a state when the door is fully closed, similar to FIG.

FIG. 4A is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the lower end of the cylinder showing the piston member descending to the bottom dead center position, and FIG. 4B is the lower end of the cylinder showing the piston member starting to rise from the bottom dead center position. FIG.

5 is a graph showing the effect of the self-closing door device shown in FIG. 1 in comparison with a conventional one.

FIG. 6 is a view, corresponding to FIG. 1, showing a second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a view corresponding to FIG. 3 showing a third embodiment of the present invention.

8 is a sectional view taken along line VIII-VIII in FIG.

FIG. 9 is a view corresponding to FIG. 3, showing a fourth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 10 is a main part configuration diagram showing a fifth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 11 is a main part configuration diagram showing a sixth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 12 is a main part configuration diagram showing a seventh embodiment of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1, 31 Door 2 Wall 3, 16a Opening 6, 32 Upper frame 10 Self-closing door device 11 Cylinder 12 Piston member 12a Unit weight 12b Packing 13 Wire rope (string) 15 Air brake mechanism 15a, 15b, 15c Hole 15d slit 16 atmosphere opening mechanism 16b, 16d normally closed valve 16c through hole 17 adjusting mechanism 17a small hole 17b flow control valve 21, 33 vertical frame 34 fulcrum shaft 35 large gear 36 small gear 37 pulley 41 eyebolt 42 washer 43 nut

Claims (7)

[Claims] 1. A cord body, one end of which is connected to a door side or a fixed side and which is pulled by opening and closing of a door; and a string which is connected to the other end of the cord body and moves upward in the cylinder by an opening operation of the door, A piston member that doubles as a self-closing weight that descends in the cylinder when the door is closed; and that is provided in the cylinder and gradually reduces the amount of air discharged from the cylinder to the outside in conjunction with the descent of the piston member. An air brake mechanism; and an atmosphere release mechanism that is provided in at least one of the cylinder and the piston member and that releases the atmosphere in the cylinder to the atmosphere in association with the rise of the piston member. Door device. 2. The self-closing door device according to claim 1, wherein the cylinder is incorporated in a door constituted by a sliding door or a hinged door, and one end of the cord body is connected to a fixed side. . 3. The self-closing door device according to claim 1, wherein the cylinder is incorporated in the opening frame or the wall, and one end of the cord is connected to the door side. 4. The air brake mechanism comprises an opening portion provided on a peripheral surface of the cylinder, the effective opening area of which gradually decreases as the piston member descends. Self-closing door device. 5. The self-closing door according to claim 1, wherein the atmosphere opening mechanism is composed of a normally closed valve which opens due to a pressure difference from the atmospheric pressure inside the cylinder. apparatus. 6. The cylinder according to claim 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5, wherein the cylinder has an adjusting mechanism for adjusting a braking force by adjusting an amount of air discharged from the inside of the cylinder. Door closing device. 7. The piston member has a structure capable of adjusting the weight thereof.
The self-closing door device described in 4, 5, or 6.