JPH0718694A - Detachable device for working device of construction equipment - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: To rapidly replace a bucket according to a work condition and as occasion demands and in turn to improve working efficiency by providing a handle and an upper guide constituted in a pantograph type. CONSTITUTION: In an excavator, for example, a boom and a link 3 are interconnected through a pin. The upper and the lower parts of a the link 3 are supported by upper and lower guides 6 and 7, respectively, mounted on the back of a bucket 1. A gap (t) is provided between an upper guide 6 of the bucket 1 and the upper part of the link 3. By inserting key mounted on the two ends of a lever in the gap (t), vertical play of the bucket 1 based on the link 3 is constrained. Meanwhile, by pulling out a key from the gap (t), interconnection between the bucket 1 and the link 3 is disconnected. By mounting fixed plates on both sides of the bucket 1, lateral play of the bucket 1 based on the link 3 is constrained. This constitution removes the bucket through one action.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a construction machine.
n equipment), and more specifically, it relates to a desorption device for a bucket, and more specifically, an excavator and a loader.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a work device attachment / detachment device that can quickly replace a bucket according to work conditions and other needs in various construction machines such as r).

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Generally, a construction machine such as an excavator or a loader is provided with a boom, an arm, etc., which can be operated by hydraulic actuators, respectively, and an end portion of the arm. A work device such as a bucket is mechanically detachable. The working devices such as buckets are used alternately according to working conditions and other needs.

[0003]

Various types of attachment / detachment devices for a conventional work device are known, of which typical ones are shown in FIGS. 1 and 2.

The conventional attaching / detaching device shown in FIG. 1 has coupling holes 102, 103 formed on the left and right sides of the tip of the boom 101.
The both ends of the link 106 are fixed by the pins 107, so that the boom 101 is coupled to the link 106. In addition, the tubes 111 and 11 at the upper ends of the lugs 104 and 105 attached to both ends of the link 106 are inserted into the through holes 110 of the bracket 109 attached to the back surface of the bucket 108.
1'is inserted, and then the link 10 is inserted into the through hole 112 at the end of the bracket 113 mounted on the back surface of the bucket 108.
6 and the bucket 108 are combined. By operating the lever 114 to the left and right, the bucket 108 is linked to the link 1.
It was able to be desorbed to 06.

However, such a detaching device is not limited to other buckets, and other working devices other than buckets are always mounted on the back surface of the working device like the above-mentioned bracket in order to be coupled with the link. There is a problem that a structure having a complicated shape must be mounted.

On the other hand, in another type of attaching / detaching device as shown in FIG. 2, the boom 116 and the link 118 are the fastening pins 1.
Left and right on either side of the link 118
The individual levers 120 are provided, and the key 119 that is double-moved in the vertical direction in conjunction with the horizontal operation of the lever 120 penetrates the through groove 122 of the link 118, and then continues to the through groove 123 of the bucket 121. By penetrating, the link 118 and the bucket 121 are eventually combined.
In addition, the free movement of the bucket 121 relative to the link 118 in the left-right direction is caused by the plates 12 mounted on the left and right sides of the rear surface of the bucket 121.
Be bound by 4. The bucket 121 is attached to and detached from the link 118 by operating the lever 120 in the left-right direction.

However, in such a detaching device, since two levers provided on the left and right sides of the link have to be operated separately when attaching and detaching the bucket, the disadvantage that the attaching and detaching work is troublesome, and the above-mentioned problem when the bucket is attached. There is a problem that the key is projected to the outside of the bucket and is easily damaged by a shock or the like during work. In particular, when the key is damaged during the work, the bucket is removed from the boom, which eventually causes a serious accident.

The object of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned problems of the prior art, to reduce the manufacturing cost with a simpler structure, and to ensure the convenience, speed and reliability at the time of work. A desorption device for a working device of a construction machine is provided.

[0009]

According to one aspect of the present invention for achieving the above-mentioned object, there is provided a work machine attachment / detachment device for a construction machine, wherein various work devices can be replaced with a boom for use. A link that is hinge-coupled to the boom, an upper guide and a lower guide that are attached to a rear portion of the working device and support an upper portion and a lower portion of the link, respectively, and are formed between the upper guide and the upper portion of the link. And a fixed plate mounted on both left and right sides of the back surface of the working device to restrain the link from moving in the left-right direction, and inserted into the gap or withdrawn from the gap to connect to the link. On the other hand, there is provided a detaching device for a working device of a construction machine, which includes a pantograph detaching means for connecting or disconnecting the working device.

[0010]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT A preferred embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

A desorption device for a working device according to one embodiment of the present invention is illustrated in FIGS.

FIG. 3A is a schematic side view of the boom and bucket provided with the attachment / detachment device of this embodiment.
[Fig. 3] is a semi-rear view of the bucket.

As shown in the drawing, the boom 2 and the link 3 are connected by a pin 5, and an upper guide 6 and a lower guide 7 mounted on the back surface of the bucket 1 support the upper and lower parts of the link 3, respectively. Between the upper guide 6 of the bucket 1 and the upper part of the link 3, the same clearance t as shown in FIG. 4 is formed, and the keys 10 attached to both ends of the lever 4 are inserted into the clearance t. As a result, the vertical free movement of the bucket 1 with respect to the link 3 is restricted. On the other hand, when the key 10 is pulled out from the gap t, the connection between the bucket 1 and the link 3 is released, but the lever 4 and the key 1 are released.
The detailed configuration and operation of 0 will be described later. Fixed plates 8 and 8'are mounted on the left and right sides of the bucket 1 at positions approximately the same as the width of the link 3, and the link 3 is provided between the fixed plates 8 and 8 '.
Is inserted, the free movement of the bucket 1 in the left-right direction with respect to the link 3 is restricted.

FIG. 5 shows the operation of attaching and detaching the bucket 1 and the link 3 by operating the lever 4 described above. The keys 10, 10 'are provided on the left and right sides with reference to the fulcrum of the central portion 1 of the lever 4.
Is hinged, and the handle 12 is hinged below. Keys 10 and 10 'in the longitudinal direction of keys 10 and 10'
The springs 11, 1 so that the
1 ′ is mediated, and in the end, the lever 4 and the key 10,
The mutual relationship between the handle 10 'and the handle 12 is configured in a pantograph manner in which the lengths of both ends of the keys 10, 10' in the left-right direction can be changed by operating the handle 12 in the vertical direction. On the other hand, at the lower end of the above-mentioned upper guides 6, 6 ', the above-mentioned key 10,
Keyways 13, 13 'are formed to be fastened to both ends of 10'.

Therefore, by operating the handle 12 in the vertical direction, the lever 4 connected to the link 3 and the bucket 1 are connected.
The upper guides 6 attached to and are the keys 10 and 1, respectively.
It is coupled or released by 0'and the keyways 13, 13 '.

When the handle 12 is operated upward so that the link 3 and the bucket 1 are connected to each other, the handle 12 is attached to the ring 9 mounted at a predetermined position of the link 3 in order to prevent an unexpected disengagement from each other. Hang up. FIG. 6 shows a state in which the handle is thus hooked on the ring 9.

On the other hand, between the above-mentioned fixed plates 8 and 8'and the left and right widths of the link 3, a tolerance roundabout is inevitably formed.
As a result, the free movement in the left-right direction is not completely restrained, but preferably, as shown in FIG. 6, the lower guide 7 is formed into an inclined surface having a predetermined oblique angle, and the link 3 is formed.
By forming the lower part of the sloping surface with the same diagonal angle as this, even if there is a tolerance strike between the two,
It is possible to completely restrain the lateral movement.

Further, the handle 12 can be replaced by a hydraulic cylinder 14 as shown in FIG. 7, and in this case, an operating portion (not shown) of the hydraulic cylinder 14 is provided near the driver's seat of the construction machine. Then, the bucket 1 can be removed from the boom 2 more easily.

Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described above with reference to the drawings, the specific configuration is not limited to these embodiments, and even if there are changes and additions within the scope not departing from the gist of the present invention, the present invention is not limited. Included in the invention.

[0020]

As described above, according to the present invention, the bucket can be attached and detached very easily by one-touch operation of the handle or by remote operation in the driver's seat, which provides convenience of operation and simplifies the operation of the machine. Durability and operational reliability are guaranteed by the dynamic structure.

[0021]

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is an exploded perspective view showing a conventional device attachment / detachment device.

2A and 2B show another conventional detaching / attaching device for a working device, in which (A) and (C) are schematic side views and (B) and (D) are perspective views thereof.

3A and 3B are a schematic side view and a semi-back view of a bucket of a detaching / attaching device of a working device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a schematic side view showing a shape in which the bucket and the link are combined in FIG.

5 is an operation diagram illustrating the configuration and operation of the lever, the key, and the handle in FIG.

6A and 6B show a shape in which a bucket and a link are combined, and FIG. 6A is a side view and FIG. 6B is a half back view of the bucket.

FIG. 7 is a half rear view of the bucket showing a shape in which the handle is replaced by a hydraulic cylinder in FIG. 3;

[Explanation of symbols]

1 bucket 2
Boom 3 Link 4
Lever 5 pin 6
Upper guide 7 Lower guide 8, 8 '
Fixed plate 9 Rings 10, 10 '
Key 11, 11 'Spring 12
Handle 13, 13 'Keyway 14
Hydraulic cylinder

Claims (5)

[Claims] 1. A desorption device for a working device of a construction machine, which can be used by replacing various working devices with a boom, wherein the link connects the boom and the hinge, and is attached to a rear portion of the working device. An upper guide and a lower guide for supporting the upper part and the lower part of the link respectively, a gap formed at a predetermined interval between the upper guide and the upper part of the link, and mounted on both left and right sides of a rear part of the working device. A fixed plate for restraining the left-right direction guidance of the link, and a pantograph type detaching means for connecting or disconnecting the working device with respect to the link by being inserted into the gap or withdrawn from the gap, Desorption device for working equipment of construction machinery including. 2. The attaching / detaching means includes a lever coupled to the link, a key hingedly coupled to a fulcrum of a central portion of the lever, and extending in left and right directions, and the central portion of the lever. A handle hinged to one fulcrum and extending downward; and a key groove formed at both ends of the upper guide of the bucket to be coupled with the key. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the key is housed and fastened in the key groove. 3. The attachment / detachment means includes a lever coupled to the link, a key hingedly coupled to a fulcrum of a central portion of the lever and extending in left and right directions, and the first portion of the central portion of the lever. One end of the actuating rod is hinged to the fulcrum, and the hydraulic cylinder is extended downward. A key groove is formed at both ends of the upper guide of the bucket to form a key groove for coupling with the key. The attachment / detachment device for a working device of a construction machine according to claim 1, wherein the key is housed and fastened in the key groove by vertically operating a cylinder. 4. The construction according to claim 2, wherein an elastic means is interposed at a predetermined position in the longitudinal direction of the key so that the key can be expanded and contracted. Detachment device for machine working equipment 5. The lower part of the lower guide and the lower part of the link are formed by inclined surfaces having the same predetermined oblique angle with each other. Desorption device for the working device of the construction machine described.