JP4791788B2 - Counterweight attachment / detachment unit and method of attaching / detaching counterweight - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a counterweight attaching / detaching unit for attaching a counterweight to a turning frame, a construction machine, and a method for attaching / detaching a counterweight.

  In construction machines such as a crawler crane, a counterweight is attached to the rear end portion of the revolving frame in order to ensure the stability of the machine body during work. Since the counterweight is heavy, it is removed from the swivel frame during transportation to reduce the transportation weight. It is known that such a counterweight is attached / detached by a counterweight attaching / detaching device provided on a revolving frame (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

JP 2001-310895 A

  However, the counterweight demounting device described in Patent Document 1 is composed of a plurality of hydraulic cylinders and links, etc., and is heavy in itself, so that the transportation weight cannot be reduced sufficiently.

(1) A counterweight attaching / detaching unit according to the invention of claim 1 is a counterweight attaching / detaching unit for attaching a counterweight to a turning frame including at least a first frame, and is detachably attached to a rear portion of the first frame. A second frame that forms a swivel frame together with the first frame, a base plate on which a counterweight is placed, and a second frame that can be attached to the first frame so that the second frame can be attached to the first frame. And a hydraulic cylinder that pulls up the base plate on which the counterweight is placed so as to be attachable to the second frame, and the second frame pushes up the second frame by the hydraulic cylinder. When the first frame extends in the left-right direction of the first frame. When the second frame is pushed up by the hydraulic cylinder before the engagement pin and the engagement portion engage with each other, the rear side of the engagement pin is engaged with the engagement pin attached to the engagement pin. The second frame is further pushed up by the hydraulic cylinder, and the guide pin guides the engaging portion to the engaging pin and the engaging pin and the engaging portion. When the second frame is tilted forward, the second frame is provided with a contact portion that abuts against a stopper provided on the first frame and regulates the forward tilt of the second frame.
(2) The invention according to claim 2 is the counterweight attachment / detachment unit according to claim 1, wherein the hydraulic cylinder is supported so as to be swingable about a support fulcrum with respect to the base plate, and the second frame is a hydraulic cylinder. The second frame has a center of gravity located behind the support fulcrum, and when pushed up by the hydraulic cylinder, the second frame tilts backward about the support fulcrum and moves the guide portion. It is made to contact | abut from the back to the side surface of an engaging pin.
(3) The invention according to claim 3 is the counterweight attachment / detachment unit according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the second frame is provided on the first frame when attached to the rear portion of the first frame. The second frame further includes a lock pin inserted through the formed hole, and the position of the second frame relative to the first frame is defined by the engagement portion engaging the engagement pin and the contact portion contacting the stopper. The lock pin can be inserted into the hole, and the second frame is supported by the first frame via the lock pin when the lock pin is inserted into the hole.
(4) The method for attaching and detaching the counterweight according to the invention of claim 4 is a method for attaching and removing the counterweight to the revolving frame, wherein the first frame is formed with respect to the first frame forming a part of the revolving frame. A step of pushing up a second frame detachably attached to the rear portion by a hydraulic cylinder attached to a base plate on which a counterweight is placed, and a guide portion provided on the second frame in the left-right direction of the first frame A step of abutting a side surface of an engagement pin attached to the first frame so as to extend from behind to guide an engagement portion provided on the second frame to the engagement pin; Engaging the portion with the guide pin, and after the engagement portion is engaged with the guide pin, the second frame is further pushed up by the hydraulic cylinder to center the engagement pin around the engagement pin. A step of inclining the frame forward, and a stopper provided in the first frame and an abutting portion provided in the second frame are brought into contact with each other to restrict the forward inclination of the second frame. Positioning the second frame with respect to the first frame, fixing the second frame positioned with respect to the first frame to the first frame, and fixing the second frame to the first frame After the base plate is fixed to the second frame, the base plate is moved so as to be attachable to the second frame by the hydraulic cylinder, and after the base plate is moved so as to be attachable to the second frame, the base plate is fixed to the second frame; It is characterized by including.

  According to the present invention, the swivel frame is formed by the first frame and the second frame that can be attached to and detached from the first frame, and the second frame is provided integrally with the hydraulic actuator for mounting the counterweight. The second frame and the hydraulic actuator can be detached from the first frame and transported, and the transport weight can be reduced.

Hereinafter, an embodiment of a construction machine according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.
The present invention is applied to, for example, a crawler crane. FIG. 1 is a side view showing a main configuration (rear end configuration) of the crawler crane according to the present embodiment. The crawler crane includes a traveling body 1, a swing frame 2 that is turnably mounted above the travel body 1, a boom (not shown) that is pivotally supported on a front portion of the swing frame 2, and a swing frame 2. And a counterweight 3 attached to the rear end portion via the detachable unit 10. In addition, a winch drum (not shown) is mounted on the revolving frame 2, and the suspended load is lifted and lowered via a winch rope suspended from the tip of the boom by driving the winch drum.

FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing a connected state of the revolving frame 2 and the detachable unit 10. 2A is a diagram viewed from the diagonally front side, and FIG. 2B is a diagram viewed from the diagonally rear side, and the illustration of the counterweight 3 is omitted in both cases. 3A is a side view of the detachable unit 10, FIG. 3B is a front view (viewed from the front), and FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line IV-IV in FIG. .

  As shown in FIG. 2, the detachable unit 10 includes a base plate 11, a connection frame 12 provided on the top of the base plate 11, and a hydraulic cylinder 13 that supports the connection frame 12 from the base plate 11 so as to be movable up and down. The connecting frame 12 is attached to the main frame 21 as described later, and constitutes the revolving frame 2 together with the main frame 21. The detachable unit 10 is detached from the main frame 2 during transportation, and the detachable unit 10 and the main frame 21 are transported separately.

  FIG. 5 is a perspective view of the base plate alone. As shown in FIG. 5, brackets 111 to 113 are erected on the upper surface of the base plate 11 in a symmetrical manner. As shown in FIG. 2B, a pair of left and right support plates 131 are disposed between the brackets 111 and 112, and the support plates 131 are fixed to the brackets 111 and 112 via through pins 132. As shown in FIG. 4, the hydraulic cylinder 13 is supported on the support plate 131 via a pin 133 so as to be swingable in the front-rear direction. A hose 135 is connected to the hydraulic cylinder 13, and pressure oil is supplied to the hydraulic cylinder 13 from the main frame 21 side through the hose 135.

  On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 2B, a pair of left and right connecting plates 121 are arranged inside the left and right inner support plates 131 so as to sandwich the bracket 113. The connection plate 121 is connected to the brackets 112 and 113 via connection pins 114 (see FIG. 5) that penetrate the brackets 112 and 113. A pair of front and rear brackets 122 are provided on the upper outer surfaces of the left and right outer connection plates 121, and the upper end of the hydraulic cylinder 13 is connected between the front and rear brackets 122 via pins 134. An intermediate plate 123 is fixed to the inner side surfaces of the left and right connection plates 121, and a weight 124 for adjusting the center of gravity of the connection frame 12 is attached to the rear surface of the intermediate plate 123.

  As shown in FIG. 5, a lever 115 extends in the left-right direction through the bracket 111 on the upper surface of the base plate 11, and a connecting pin 114 is attached to the tip of the lever 115. The base end portion 115a of the lever 115 is bent in an L shape, and the lever 115 can be pulled and pushed in the left-right direction by grasping the base end portion 115a. Thus, the connecting pin 114 can be pulled out from the hole 121d (FIG. 8) of the connecting plate 121 via the lever 115, and the connecting pin 114 can be inserted into the hole 121d.

  In the state where the connection pin 114 is removed, the connection plate 121, the bracket 122, and the intermediate plate 123 can be moved up and down by expansion and contraction of the hydraulic cylinder 13, and these constitute the connection frame 12.

  FIG. 6 is a perspective view of the connecting frame 12 as viewed obliquely from the front. As shown in FIG. 6, each connecting plate 121 protrudes forward toward the lower side, and a substantially arc-shaped notch 121 a is formed on the upper edge of the protruding portion downward. Further, a lock pin 125 passes through the pair of left and right connecting plates 121 in front of the intermediate plate 123, respectively. A locking pin 125b is attached to the end of the locking pin 125, and the locking pin 125 can be inserted and removed in the left-right direction with the handle 125a with the locking pin 125b removed. A vertical surface 121c is formed on the front edge of the connecting plate 121 in front of the lock pin 125, and a guide 121b (see FIG. 3B) is provided on the inner surface of the connecting plate 121 below the lock pin 125. .

  As shown in FIG. 2A, a rear plate 211 is provided at the rear end of the main frame 21 toward the rear. Of these, engaging pins 212 project from both side surfaces (only one surface is shown) of the left and right rear plates 211, and the rear plates 211 are inserted between the guides 121 b of the connecting plate 121. The mating pins 212 are respectively engaged with the notches 121a. A stopper 213 is provided on the side surface of the rear plate 211, the stopper 213 contacts the vertical surface 121 c of the connection plate 121, and the position of the connection plate 121 with respect to the main frame 21 is defined by the engagement pin 212 and the stopper 213. The lock pin 125 is provided through the hole 215 (FIG. 7) of the rear plate 21, and the connecting frame 12 is supported from the main frame 21 via the lock pin 125.

  In the present embodiment, the main frame 21 and the detachable unit 10 are transported separately, and the connecting frame 12 is attached to the main frame 21 using the hydraulic cylinder 13 at the work site, and then connected to the connecting frame 12 using the hydraulic cylinder 13. Install counterweight 3. Hereinafter, a method for attaching and detaching the counterweight will be described in detail.

  First, as shown in FIG. 7, the detachable unit 10 is placed on the work site, and the crane body on which the main frame 21 is mounted on the traveling body 1 so as to be able to turn is moved while self-propelled to the mounting position of the detachable unit 10. To do. Although not shown, a plurality of counterweights 3 are placed in advance on the left and right outer base plate 11 (above the lever 115) of the connecting frame 12, and the counterweight 3 and the base plate 11 are integrated. . The counterweight 3 is mounted with a gap above the lever 115, and the lever 115 is movable in the left-right direction.

  Next, the end 115a of the lever 115 is gripped, the lever 115 is pulled out, the connecting pin 114 is pulled out from the hole 121d (FIG. 8) of the connecting plate 121, and the connecting frame 12 can be moved up and down with respect to the base plate 11. . Further, the retaining pin 125b is detached from the lock pin 125, and the lock pin 125 is pulled out by holding the handle 125a so that the rear plate 21 can be inserted between the guides 121b. Further, a hose 135 for supplying pressure oil to the hydraulic cylinder 13 is connected to a joint portion 214 provided on the main frame 21 (see FIG. 2A).

  Next, as shown in FIG. 11, the control box 150 is connected to a connecting portion provided at the lower right side of the turning frame 2, and the hydraulic cylinder 13 is extended by operating the control box 150. As a result, as shown in FIG. 8, the connecting frame 12 is raised, and the engaging pin 212 is engaged with the notch 121a. In this case, the position of the center of gravity of the connecting frame 12 is slightly behind the position of the pin 133, and the connecting frame 12 swings backward with the pin 133 as a fulcrum. For this reason, the engagement pin 212 moves relatively along the front edge of the connection plate 121 as the connection frame 12 rises, and the engagement of the engagement pin 212 is easy.

  When the hydraulic cylinder 13 is further extended, the connecting frame 12 swings forward with the engaging pin 212 as a fulcrum, and the stopper 213 of the main frame 21 contacts the vertical surface 121c as shown in FIG. When the stopper 213 contacts the vertical surface 121c, the extension operation of the hydraulic cylinder 13 is stopped. In this state, the rear plate 211 is positioned between the guides 121b, and the position of the rear plate 211 in the left-right direction is restricted. Next, the lock pin 125 is pushed into the hole 215 (see FIG. 7) of the rear plate 211 from the outside, and is fixed with the retaining pin 125b. As a result, the connecting frame 12 is attached to the main frame 21, and the turning frame 2 is formed.

  Next, the hydraulic cylinder 13 is retracted by operating the control box 150. As a result, the base plate 11 is raised as shown in FIG. 10, and the counterweight 3 is pulled up integrally with the base plate 11. When the base plate 11 is raised by a predetermined amount, the retracting operation of the hydraulic cylinder 13 is stopped, the lever 115 is pushed in the left-right direction, and the connecting pin 114 is inserted into the hole 121d (FIG. 8) of the connecting plate 121. As a result, the base plate 11 is supported by the connection frame 12 via the connection pins 114. This completes the mounting of the counterweight 3. When the counterweight 3 is removed after the work is finished, the procedure may be reversed.

According to the above embodiment, the following effects can be obtained.
(1) The revolving frame 2 is divided into a main frame 21 and a connecting frame 12, and the counterweight attaching / detaching unit 10 is formed by the connecting frame 12, the hydraulic cylinder 13, and the base plate 11. Thereby, the revolving frame 2 can be transported with the connecting frame 12 removed, and the transport weight can be reduced and the transport length can also be reduced.
(2) The connecting frame 12 is pushed up by the hydraulic cylinder 13 and attached to the main frame 21. After the connecting frame 12 is attached, the counterweight 3 is pulled up by the hydraulic cylinder 13 and attached to the connecting frame 12. Thereby, it is not necessary to separately prepare an auxiliary crane or the like when attaching the connecting frame 12, and the attaching operation of the connecting frame 12 is easy.
(3) Since the mounting work of the connecting frame 12 and the mounting work of the counterweight 3 are performed by one hydraulic cylinder 13, the number of parts can be saved.

  In the above embodiment, the revolving frame 2 is divided into the main frame 21 (first frame) and the connecting frame 12 (second frame), but it may be divided into three or more. In the case of three divisions, the connection frame 12 is attached to the main frame 21, and another connection frame 12 is attached to the connection frame 12. In this case, the intermediate connection to the main frame 21 by the hydraulic cylinder 13 is performed. After the frame 12 is attached, the hydraulic cylinder 13 may be removed, and the rearmost connecting frame 12 may be attached using the removed hydraulic cylinder 13. That is, one hydraulic cylinder 13 may be used for attaching the plurality of connecting frames 21.

  In the above embodiment, the connecting frame 12 is pushed up by the hydraulic cylinder 13 and the counterweight 3 is pulled up. However, an actuator for attaching the connecting frame and an actuator for attaching the counterweight may be provided separately. For example, the connecting frame 12 may be attached using a winch or an auxiliary crane mounted on the main frame 21. The structure of the detachable unit 10 is not limited to that described above as long as the connecting frame 12 and the hydraulic cylinder 13 for attaching the counterweight are separated from the main frame 21 and can be transported. Instead of the hydraulic cylinder 13, a hydraulic winch or the like may be used as a hydraulic actuator for moving the counterweight 3 so as to be attachable to the connecting frame 12.

  Although the above embodiment is applied to a crawler crane, the present invention is also applicable to other construction machines (for example, a hydraulic excavator) having a turning frame 2 to which a counterweight 3 can be attached. That is, the present invention is not limited to the construction machine of the embodiment as long as the features and functions of the present invention can be realized. The above description is merely an example, and when interpreting the invention, there is no limitation or restriction on the correspondence between the items described in the embodiment and the items described in the claims.

The principal part side view of the crawler crane to which this invention is applied. (A) is the perspective view which looked at the connection state of a turning frame and the attachment / detachment unit from diagonally forward, (b) is the perspective view seen from diagonally back. (A) is a side view of a detachable unit, (b) is a front view. The side view which shows the state which removed the attachment / detachment unit. FIG. 4B is a sectional view taken along line IV-IV in FIG. The perspective view of a baseplate single-piece | unit. The perspective view which looked at the connection frame from diagonally forward. The figure which shows an example of the attachment procedure of the counterweight which concerns on this Embodiment. The figure which shows the next procedure of FIG. The figure which shows the procedure following the FIG. The figure which shows the next procedure of FIG. The figure which shows the connection state of a control box.

Explanation of symbols

2 Revolving frame 3 Counterweight 10 Detachable unit 12 Connecting frame 13 Hydraulic cylinder 21 Main frame

Claims (4)

A counterweight attaching / detaching unit for attaching a counterweight to a turning frame including at least a first frame ,
A second frame removably attached to a rear portion of the first frame and forming the swivel frame together with the first frame;
A base plate on which the counterweight is placed;
The second frame is pushed up to be attachable to the first frame, and after the second frame is attached to the first frame, a base plate on which the counterweight is placed is attached to the second frame. A hydraulic cylinder that pulls up to be attachable,
The second frame is
An engagement portion that engages with an engagement pin attached to the first frame so as to extend in the left-right direction of the first frame when the second frame is pushed up by the hydraulic cylinder;
When the second frame is pushed up by the hydraulic cylinder before the engagement pin and the engagement portion are engaged, the side surface of the engagement pin comes into contact with the engagement pin from the rear side, and the engagement portion is moved to the engagement pin. A guide to guide to,
After the engaging pin and the engaging portion are engaged, the second frame is further pushed up by the hydraulic cylinder, and the second frame is inclined forward about the engaging pin. A counterweight attaching / detaching unit, comprising: an abutting portion that abuts against a stopper provided on the frame and restricts the forward tilt of the second frame .
In the counterweight attachment / detachment unit according to claim 1,
The hydraulic cylinder is supported to be swingable around a support fulcrum with respect to the base plate,
The second frame is supported to be swingable with respect to the base plate via the hydraulic cylinder,
The center of gravity of the second frame is rearward of the support fulcrum, and when the second frame is pushed up by the hydraulic cylinder, the second frame tilts rearward about the support fulcrum and the guide portion is moved to the side of the engagement pin from the rear. A counterweight attaching / detaching unit characterized by contacting .
In the counterweight attachment / detachment unit according to claim 1 or 2,
The second frame further includes a lock pin that is inserted into a hole provided in the first frame when attached to a rear portion of the first frame,
The position of the second frame relative to the first frame is defined by the engagement portion engaging the engagement pin and the contact portion contacting the stopper, and the lock pin is inserted into the hole. Can be inserted,
The counterweight attaching / detaching unit, wherein the second frame is supported by the first frame via the lock pin when the lock pin is inserted into the hole .
A method for attaching / detaching a counterweight to a revolving frame,
A hydraulic cylinder in which a second frame that is detachably attached to a rear portion of the first frame is attached to a base plate on which the counterweight is placed with respect to a first frame that forms a part of the swivel frame The process of pushing up with,
The guide portion provided on the second frame is brought into contact with the side surface of the engagement pin attached to the first frame so as to extend in the left-right direction of the first frame, and the first frame A step of guiding an engaging portion provided in the frame of 2 to the engaging pin;
Engaging the engaging portion with the guide pin;
After the engaging portion is engaged with the guide pin, the second frame is further pushed up by the hydraulic cylinder to tilt the second frame forward about the engaging pin;
A stopper provided on the first frame and an abutting portion provided on the second frame are brought into contact with each other to restrict the forward tilt of the second frame. Positioning the second frame relative to;
Fixing the second frame positioned with respect to the first frame to the first frame;
After fixing the second frame to the first frame , moving the base plate so as to be attachable to the second frame by the hydraulic cylinder ;
And a step of fixing the base plate to the second frame after moving the base plate to be attachable to the second frame .

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