JPH07184416A - Germination method of spinach for hydroponic culture - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To perform a germination of spinach for hydroponic culture under specific condition. CONSTITUTION:The germination process for a spinach seed subjected to seed, soaking and refrigeration treatments is divided into two parts, i.e., before and after the time to protrude a young root from a seed coat to a length of about 2mm. The seed is placed in a semi-dried state in the former period and in a moderately moistened state in the latter period. The sowing is performed in the former period and the spinach seed is subjected to different conditions as it is by the use of a polyurethane and a polystyrene plate used as a sowing bed. The condition is determined by the water content soaked in the polyurethane and the extent of compression applied by the polystyrene plate.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

[Industrial application] Hydroponics technology for spinach has not yet been established. The reason for this is that cultivation is difficult, but germination is also a major factor. The establishment of this germination method of spinach plays a major role in the spread of hydroponics of spinach.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Since hydroponics of spinach has not yet been established, a generalized effective method does not exist yet.

[0003]

If the germination technique is not established, the introduction of hydroponic cultivation of spinach cannot be considered. In the conventional spinach cultivation by soil cultivation, the ground is the base of the work place, so many young people are shunned by the work posture of bending over. Most of the vegetables that have been introduced to date by hydroponics with a comfortable work posture are slightly minor, such as bees and green onions. Therefore, establishment of hydroponics technology for spinach, a popular vegetable, is awaited.

[0004]

[Means for Solving the Problems] Generally, germination of seeds includes water, temperature, and oxygen, which are said to be the three factors of germination, and the germination method determines the respective conditions. However, many people are not aware that spinach germination has two conditions under which it is exposed to water. One of the means is to give these two conditions.
The boundary between these two conditions is when the radicle emerges from the fruit cover by about 2 mm, so if the seed is moved at this time, the radicle is damaged, and the second means is to do this without moving the seed.

[0005]

[Operation] Spinach seeds are soaked for 24 hours. Drain the water and absorb the excess water with newspaper, and chill the seeds for 2 days. Seed on urethane for exclusive use of spinach sowing, 2 at high humidity
Place at about 5 ℃ for 1 day. When it is confirmed that the radicles have emerged from the fruit cover by about 2 mm, a suitable weight is given, weights are placed so that the roots of the spinach stick to the urethane, and the germination process proceeds for 2 days. The planting (acclimation) is carried out for one day and used for planting.

This urethane for spinach is so rough that it contains water but does not move due to capillary action. When seeded, seeds should not be wet. When a radicle emerges about 2 mm from the fruit cover, a styrene plate with a thickness of about 4 mm is sandwiched so that the urethane can be compressed, and the moisture contained in the urethane is transferred to the seeds with the feeling of compression, and for that reason the urethane has an appropriate humidity. To have. (This process is illustrated.)

[0007]

EXAMPLES First, the characteristics of spinach seeds will be described. The seeds of spinach are actually fruits, and the seeds covered with seed coat come out from the inside when the outer shell (cover) is removed. The three elements of germination have been described above, but for germination of spinach, this fruit cover makes it difficult to control the water state, which is one of the three elements of germination, and makes germination difficult. It is commonly known as seed germination, but it is well known by many that roots are the first to emerge, not sprouts. It is sometimes unexpected from the germination process for spinach seeds. It is generally considered that in the process of germination, the seeds are first made to absorb water to swell the seeds, and then the temperature and oxygen are given to cause germination.
However, spinach germination is different.
In the case of spinach seeds, when germination started and radicles appeared and the seeds were crushed, the part corresponding to the endosperm inside was still a white powdery starch. In other words, the seeds of spinach have a hard fruit cover and inhibit water absorption, while the fruit cover also prevents the seed from swelling and swelling.

[0008] Recently, Naked seeds from which spinach seeds have been removed are commercially available. However, when germination operations are attempted with these Nakit seeds, the germination operation is performed without considering the characteristics of the spinach seeds. The endosperm absorbed water all at once, causing a problem. The results will be shown later, but what is important in the germination operation is not to ignore the ecology of the organism. It is necessary to consider this in the germination operation of spinach seeds.

Next, the process of germination of spinach seeds will be described while explaining their meanings.
Initially, it is the amount of seed treated as one unit. Since this is important for draining water after soaking, it limits the amount of seeds. If you need a large amount of seeds, increase the number of units. Make 1 unit 300 ml. The first operation is soaking. In general, seeds are often soaked in running water, saying that if oxygen is not supplied during soaking, it is not necessary in this case. Put the seeds in a bucket, add about 5 liters of water and soak it. The soaking time starts at noon on one day considering the next stroke.

On the next day, the bentrate wettable powder is added to the bucket soaked around 9 o'clock as it is so that the whole solution becomes 1000 times and mixed. In particular, if the fruit cover is mixed to wash, the water becomes cloudy brown, and it is left as it is until noon. In addition, I think that the use of Benlate wettable powder is not registered as a pesticide, but I think that it is good because the liquid can be removed by the next operation.

At about noon, the water is drained and wrapped in two double layers of newspaper. When this drainage is done, the fruit cover is still sticky. The next operation is to put it in the refrigerator, but the spinach seed cover must be sticky and wet in the refrigerator. The meaning of double newspaper with 300 ml of seeds means that the newspaper absorbs the water that wets the fruit cover. It means that the moisture is transferred to just two newspapers at the proper humidity.

The refrigerator temperature is 7 ° C. and the refrigeration period is 2 days. Since the spinach seeds in this refrigerator have absorbed water, they are beginning to germinate. Water and oxygen, which are the three factors of germination, are filled, and only the temperature conditions are not adjusted. Therefore, the seed can only gradually promote the metabolism in the seed for germination. The purpose of this is to prepare for the next germination if the temperature conditions are met. This is to improve the germination uniformity.

The condition of spinach seeds after two days of refrigeration is not good if the fruit cover is wet as described above. It's even better if the seeds lie close to each other and the radicles are beginning to show up. If the fruit cover is wet, germination can hardly be expected even if the process after this is advanced. If there are no radicles, this may also be a problem.

Prepare urethane for seeding. First, the conditions for urethane will be described. Urethane should have a rough texture. The seeds are sown in the concave portions of the urethane corners, but if the water contained in the urethane moves to wet the fruit cover, the seeds will not germinate. By the way, if the urethane is not wet from the beginning, the spinach radicle cannot break through the urethane. Preparation of germination bed is also described here. Urethane is wetted, drained and set in a seedling box. This degree of draining is very difficult, but when seeds of spinach are sown, water does not move to the fruit cover,
When the urethane is later compressed from above with a styrene plate, the water is moved because the urethane is compressed and the fruit cover becomes wet, and the moisture content of the urethane is adjusted to an appropriate humidity.

After sowing, the radicles that have started to grow are kept in a room with high air humidity and a temperature of about 25 ° C. necessary for germination for one day so that they cannot be dried. A styrene board is placed on the urethane seeded in the recess to prevent the radicles from being damaged. Here, the standard of the styrene plate will be described.
Since the roots of spinach cannot cut through urethane as they are, stack seedling boxes and place weights on them. At this time, the styrene board is made to fit into the seedling box. Next, the thickness is set to about 4 mm, but this thickness affects the humidity of urethane. The thickness of urethane is 2.5 cm
Since it is about a degree, it will be compressed to about 1/6, but since urethane is a problem, an accurate number cannot be obtained. The problem with urethane is that it can only be made one by one with different qualities. Therefore, the description of this case is also "about"
Or the word "degree" increases. Here, we have used words to explain the quality required of urethane.

When the radicle grows to 2 mm or more, it gives a suitable quality. If the drainage of urethane is appropriate, the styrene plate is sandwiched as it is, the seedling boxes are stacked, and 20-30 kg of weight is applied. If the water is insufficient, you may wet the seeds by spraying. In this case, if the water content is too high, the seeds rot due to lack of oxygen.
It will take 2 days until the next operation and greening. However, if the temperature is insufficient, it will take 3 days. Make sure that the roots penetrate the urethane when planting. After planting, the root does not cut through the urethane. Greening may be appropriate.

Seed selection is important for germination of spinach. Germination of small seeds is generally good. However, the size of the spinach seeds also varies from year to year, and the seeds are small in the year of good harvest even in the same variety. Therefore, the specific variety name is shown in this table, but this is merely a germination result. . The numerical value at the right end of the table is the number of growths per urethane horn, which is the actual result of sowing with the goal of growing 10 trees. However, if the required number is secured, urethane horns, which have poor germination, are removed. Note that the difference between the appearance and the number of seeds grown was also due to the fact that this test was not a germination survey, and therefore the human factors that the seeds with small seed grains inevitably increased the seeding number.

[0018]

[Table 1]

Next, the results of cultivation tests using naked seeds are shown. The numbers in the test plots are cultivar distinction N is a naked seed, and nothing is an ordinary seed. It is noted from this table that naked treatment does not always work effectively for germination. Variety 1 is rather reversed. Naked treatment appeared to damage seeds at the stage of its operation, and especially cotyledon length was inferior to naked treated seeds in all three varieties.

[Table 2]

The germination procedure for spinach seeds has been described above in detail. It became a very detailed description of the problem as a general technique. However, farmers adopting this technology should understand the outline of germination operation and try it first. Hopefully that's fine. If you have a problem, compare the operations you performed with the ones described here to find out or improve the problem and describe it in detail so that you can use it as a resource. Is. These techniques are easier to write than the ones you write when you experience them.

Two features of the present invention can be pointed out as described above. The first point is to divide the germination stage of spinach seeds into two parts, and the boundary is placed halfway because the radicles are 2 mm out of the fruit cover, and the first half is dry within the range where the radicles do not die. It is good, and the latter half is under suitable humidity conditions. The second point is that seedlings are usually sown when the radicles protrude 2 mm from the fruit cover. However, since the radicles are damaged, seeding is performed before that. Therefore, we devised urethane to have two different conditions. One of them is the quality of urethane, which is rough, and the thickness of the styrene plate. As a technology, a high degree of adjustment is required for the way water is included in urethane. The present invention is characterized by the above two points.

[0022]

The hydroponics technology for spinach has not been established yet. There are various causes for that,
Difficult to germinate is one of the bottleneck.
The present invention is considered to play a major role in establishing hydroponic cultivation techniques for spinach. The Uruguay Round (Gut's new multilateral trade negotiations) was also settled, and Japan's agriculture was set at a major crossroads. Considering the current state of agriculture, where shortages of successors are being sought, the present invention, which is technological development for an agricultural form that is attractive to young people, plays a large role.

[Brief Description of the Drawings] This figure is a cross-sectional view when urethane is set in a seedling box, seeds of spinach are sown, and then a styrene plate is placed.

FIG. 1 is a semi-drying process from the seed cover to the emergence of radicles by about 2 mm from the top. Below is the proper humidity process after the radicle emerges from the fruit cover by about 2 mm. The styrene board fits into the seedling box and urethane is compressed by the thickness of the styrene board. Therefore, it is in a suitable humidity condition as a seed bed for spinach.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1: Styrene board 2: Urethane 3: Seedling box 4: Spinach seeds

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A method for germinating spinach for hydroponic cultivation, wherein, as a germination stage after soaking, when the radicle emerges 2 mm from the fruit cover, the first half is drained and the semi-dry state is drained. We give different humidity environment of proper humidity, use the water retention of urethane without moving the seeds after sowing,
A method for germination of spinach, characterized by compressing with a thin plate and applying different humidity conditions.