JPH0716011A - Method for diluting concentrated liquid fertilizer used for cultivation of plant - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To obtain a method for diluting a concentrated liquid fertilizer used for cultivating plants in which the fertilizer can stably be diluted and diffused for a long period without applying any operation from the outside in diluting the fertilizer to be applied to the plants. CONSTITUTION:A concentrated liquid fertilizer is stored in containers made of a semipermeable membrane, a wholly permeable membrane and an impermeable membrane, etc., and hermetically closed therein. The resultant containers are then immersed in water (with the proviso that small holes are bored in the container made of the impermeable membrane). After the lapse of a while, 'water' is taken into the containers by a permeating phenomenon to increase the pressure in the containers. Salts can continuously be released into the water by the swelling pressure to stably dilute or diffuse the salts for a long period without relying on the man power or a mechanical apparatus. Thereby, the purpose can be achieved.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

[Industrial field of application] Chemical fertilizers are often used to promote the growth of plants. However, if they are directly administered to the rhizosphere of plants, there is a risk of concentration failure. The present invention was made for the purpose of diluting nutrient salts to an appropriate concentration and absorbing them to promote growth over a long period of time.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Two methods are described below, since there are "soil culture" that uses soil to grow plants and "hydroponics" that does not use soil at all. (B) In the case of soil cultivation, organic fertilizers are generally mixed as basic fertilizers in the soil, and chemical fertilizers are used to supplement the portions that would otherwise be insufficient. Those who cultivate plants judge the nutrient salts made as chemical fertilizers by observing the growth status of the plants, and then manually make a diluted solution and spray it on the rhizosphere or directly administer it in powder form. I am. (B) In the case of hydroponic cultivation, all necessary salts are diluted and mixed in the water in advance, and the mixture is given to the plants to grow.
It is common practice to add a concentrated solution by a pump or the like while automatically controlling the concentration of the diluent.

[0003]

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention]

(A) In case of soil cultivation Since the salt produced by decomposition of organic fertilizer is the main source of nutrient elements, the supply capacity to plants is limited. Therefore, chemical fertilizers will be used to supplement the shortage, but the fact is that many years of experience and intuition must be used to determine the timing and amount. The present invention solves such problems and intends to supply a stable dilution liquid into the soil for a long period of time. (B) In case of hydroponic cultivation An apparatus has been developed which can supply nutrient salts to be given to plants by diluting them to a preset concentration at an arbitrary time and in an arbitrary amount, and there is no problem in this respect. However, there are drawbacks such that the device is complicated and a failure occurs, and it is expensive in terms of price. The present invention has no functional failure, and is intended to significantly reduce costs in terms of price.

[0004]

[Means for Solving the Problems] Nutrient salts are stored in a closed container, and the salt is released to the outside of the container by the permeation phenomenon so as to be diluted and diffused. "Penetration phenomenon" that exists in nature means that a highly concentrated solution absorbs water,
It refers to the property of increasing its volume and becoming thinner. The concentrated liquid storage container used in the present invention may be made of any of the following materials, and it is also possible to make a container by combining the respective materials. (A) Semipermeable membrane such as unglazed (b) Fully permeable membrane such as wood (c) Impermeable membrane such as plastic The above materials are different in each material, so the points when making a storage container will be explained. A container made of a semipermeable membrane such as unglazed or a fully permeable membrane such as wood may be a completely sealed container. When using an impermeable container such as plastic, be sure to provide one or more small holes in the container.

[0005]

[Function] The concentrated liquid in the container made of a semipermeable membrane such as unglazed absorbs external "water" to increase its volume and increase the internal pressure. When the pressure exceeds a certain level, the internal pressure cannot be resisted, and the weak part of the unglazed wall is destroyed, and the salt is continuously released to the outside. Since a fully permeable membrane such as wood allows "water" and "salts" to pass freely, it releases a quantity of salt equivalent to the absorbed volume, and can likewise be continuously diluted. Impermeable membranes such as plastic do not allow "water" or "salts" to pass through, so it is necessary to make one or more small holes in the container. Water penetrates through these small holes and salts are released at the same time.

[0006]

【Example】

(A) Examples in soil cultivation One type of nutrient salts required for plants, or a mixture of a plurality of nutrient salts is filled and sealed in a concentrated liquid storage container and submerged in a submersible container, and , Bury this in the soil. To prevent soil from getting inside when burying it, cover the top of the submersible container with a sponge and cover it with soil. By doing this, rainwater can be effectively used, and even when artificially sprinkling water, the amount of nutrient water drained deep into the soil is reduced, and fertilization efficiency is dramatically improved. Further, the concentrated liquid storage container of the present invention may be directly buried in the soil. (B) Example for hydroponic cultivation A concentrated liquid storage container is immersed in a cultivation tank having roots of plants in the same manner as above to dilute and diffuse.

[0007]

【The invention's effect】

(A) In case of soil cultivation In the present invention, since a large amount of salt can be stored in a container and buried in the soil, once it is buried, the diluent is continuously released for a long time, and only water is stored. Only by giving it, the subsequent fertilization management becomes unnecessary. Until now, there has been a large amount of wasted fertilizer, such as when fertilizers were washed away by rainwater or drained deep underground. Even when fertilizer is applied, a large amount of it at one time may cause a concentration disorder, so it is necessary to apply it frequently and often, which is troublesome. The concentration liquid dilution method of the present invention is effective even if the container is directly buried in the soil, but the point to be noted is that it can be buried by "immersing it in a submersible container". The plant absorbs the nutrient water existing in the soil and the salt diluted in this container, which is a hybrid type of soil cultivation and hydroponics, which is a factor that produces a great effect. The present invention can be applied immediately to orchards such as grapes and oranges, and can produce great results. (B) In case of hydroponic cultivation Since the concentrated liquid storage container is immersed in the cultivation tank and only "water" is supplied, it is automatically diluted, so that power such as a circulation pump is not required and cost is saved. Can be achieved. Since the dilution method of the present invention utilizes a phenomenon which exists in nature, there is no failure, the capacity of the concentrated liquid storage container and the amount of dilution per unit time can be freely designed, and the dilution method can be manufactured at low cost.

[Brief description of drawings]

 FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of dilution diffusion of the present invention. [FIG. 2] It is an example in soil cultivation of the present invention. FIG. 3 is an example of hydroponics of the present invention.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A method for diluting a concentrated liquid fertilizer used for cultivating a plant, wherein nutrient salts required for plant growth are stored in a closed container and diluted and diffused by the action of osmotic pressure.