JPH07146084A - Method and apparatus for breaking and sebarating scale of heating furnace - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To break and separate a scale layer deposited on a hearth of a heating furnace in an entire area of the furnace. CONSTITUTION:A breaking and separating mechanism 24 is provided at a moving vehicle 23 which travels on a scale layer by a remote operation out of a furnace. The mechanism 24 has an arm 28 to be vertically rotated by an operation of a cylinder 27, and a breaking drum 29 supported to an end of the arm and to be rotatably driven by a motor 32. The drum 29 is has a structure which is formed in a uneven gear state having an inverted trapezoidal breaking pawls protruding at a predetermined interval in a circumferential direction and in which a ratchet wheel having a pair of tonguelike breaking pawls 34 warped at its side recversibly between the pawls at a predetermined interval at a drive shaft to break and separate even when it is moved in forward or reverse direction.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method and an apparatus for crushing and peeling scale deposited on a hearth of a heating furnace for heating a slab.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In a heating furnace in which slabs are continuously charged and heated, oxides deposited on the surface of the slabs are peeled off as the slabs are conveyed, and these are gradually deposited on the heating furnace hearth to form a scale layer. . This scale layer deteriorates the combustion situation in the furnace and causes uneven heat distribution of the slab.
It comes with a defective shape. For this reason, it was necessary to periodically perform a furnace shutdown and perform scale removal work.

Conventionally, the scale is removed by cooling the inside of the furnace to about 50 ° C., and then several tens of workers, including a substitute, enter the furnace and use a pickaxe or a rock drill to scale. Layers were excavated and the excavated scale was discharged to the outside of the furnace by human power, but the latent heat inside the scale was released by excavating the scale layers, so the temperature inside the furnace was not raised again. Therefore, the work in the furnace is limited to 10 minutes at a time, and since it requires constant replacement, it takes a long time to shut down the furnace, and a lot of labor must be secured, and the work efficiency is also poor. It was

It may be considered that the crushing work of the scale is replaced with a human power to mechanically force, for example, a device equipped with a rock drilling machine is fed into the furnace to perform the crushing work. Due to the force, the device tends to roll over, and like a walking beam furnace, it cannot be made too large for feeding and moving it into a furnace in which many skids are forested.

Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 47-34111 also proposes a device in which a scale scraping device is provided on the outlet side of the heating furnace, and the scraping rod is moved forward and backward to move the scraping rod back and forth. .

[0006]

The scale deposited on the hearth of the heating furnace is the heating of slabs of different steel types with different heating temperatures.
It is usually layered due to changes in the temperature inside the furnace, such as temperature drops during the rest period. In the above-mentioned type of device for scraping the scale with the scraping rod, since the scale scraping is limited to the range in which the scraping rod reciprocates, it is not possible to remove the scale in the entire furnace, and it is also necessary to install a long stroke rod. It cannot be installed in a heating furnace that is difficult.

The present inventors have tried various methods for efficiently removing scales in the entire furnace regardless of the form of the heating furnace. One of them is a rotary cultivator. In order to remove the scale accumulated on the hearth of the heating furnace, I actually brought in a cultivator inside the heating furnace and tried it.However, if the cultivator was used as it was, the cultivating blade was placed above the scale layer. The scale could not be removed without floating and biting into the scale layer. I could scrape off the scale by grasping the handle of the cultivator and pushing it up so that it could be pressed against the scale, but it requires considerable skill and labor, and it is configured so that it can be remotely controlled from the outside. This is not easy, and since the scale is scraped off, it takes a long time to remove the scale up to the hearth.

According to the trial conducted by the present inventors, the scale layer has a layered shape as described above, and therefore, when the scooping is performed from below, the scale layer is easily peeled off.
Therefore, a first object of the present invention is to provide a method and an apparatus capable of efficiently crushing and peeling in a short time by scooping off a scale layer deposited on a heating furnace hearth. The purpose is to prevent damage to the heating furnace hearth during crushing and peeling.

A third object of the present invention is to provide a method and an apparatus capable of finely crushing the scale to a particle size that can be easily discharged.

[0010]

According to a crushing and peeling method for achieving the first object, a crushing claw is provided around an x-axis, a y-axis, a z-axis or an axis inclined at an appropriate angle with respect to these axes. It is characterized in that it is driven to rotate and bites into the scale layer, and is moved in the traveling direction while scooping.

An apparatus for carrying out the above-mentioned method is a mobile vehicle which can be moved by a remote operation on the scale layer deposited on the hearth of a heating furnace or by being pulled by a towing device, or a self-propelled mobile vehicle, and the moving vehicle. X axis, y depending on the drive source installed in the car
It has a crushing claw which is rotationally driven around an axis, az axis, or an axis inclined at an appropriate angle with respect to these axes.

According to the method and apparatus of the present invention, the crushing nail bites into the scale layer and then scoops it up. However, the scale layer is layered so that the scale layer can be neatly separated and crushed.

Another device is a moving vehicle that can be moved by a remote operation on the scale layer deposited on the hearth of the heating furnace or by being pulled by a towing device, or can be self-propelled, and is installed and driven on the moving vehicle. It is characterized by having a rotating body which is rotationally driven by the device, an elevating mechanism for raising and lowering the rotating body, and a hammer which is attached to the rotating body and rotates together with the rotating body.

When the rotating device lowered by the elevating mechanism is rotated by the drive device on the scale crushing / separating device on the scale layer, the hammer rotating with the rotating body is driven into the scale layer by its centrifugal inertial force.
After hammering, a hammer bites horizontally into the scale layer, which adheres in a layered manner, to promote peeling of the scale, and as it swivels upward, the scale is peeled off. In this way, as the scale moves,
It is stripped off one after another.

By mounting a plurality of hammers on the circumference of the rotary body at regular intervals, the rotation of the rotary body becomes smooth, the crushing and peeling speed of the scale is increased, and the work efficiency is improved. Another device is characterized in that the hammer is rotatably attached to the outer periphery of the rotating body by a pin.

In this device, much of the interlocking energy of the hammer is spent on crushing, and it rises while decelerating due to the rotation of the rotating body. When the line of action from the center of gravity passes through the center of rotation of the rotating body, the weight of the hammer is applied, and the hammer rotates downward with increased angular acceleration about the pin. Therefore, in addition to the centrifugal inertia force due to the rotation of the rotating body and the increase in angular acceleration due to the hammer's own weight, the hammer increases the crushing force on the scale,
A hammer caused by excessive impact force when crushing,
It is possible to prevent damage to the rotating body.

In yet another device, the hammer is T-shaped. In the present device, the crushing action can be performed even if the rotating body is rotated in the forward and reverse directions, and the impact force can be increased because the weight of the hammer head increases. Still another device is characterized in that a sensor for detecting contact of the rotating body with the scale is provided.

In this apparatus, it is possible to know that the crushing and peeling work is being carried out by the hammer by the detection by the sensor. It should be noted that the detection by the sensor can be performed, for example, when the rotating body descends by the elevating mechanism and hits the scale and is prevented from descending further, so that the load for lowering the rotating body increases.

The crushing and peeling method for achieving the second object is provided with a sensor for detecting when the crushing claw hits the heating furnace hearth, and when a detection signal is transmitted from the sensor,
It is characterized in that the rotational drive of the crushing claw is stopped. An example of the sensor used in this method is a torque meter that detects the torque of a motor that rotationally drives the crush claw.
When the crushing claw hits the hearth of the heating furnace, a larger torque is generated to drive the crushing claw than to crush and separate the scale layer.When the torque rises to the set value, the output from the torque meter causes the motor to drive. It will be stopped.

The crushing and peeling method for achieving the third object is characterized in that the crushing and peeling method for achieving the first object is carried out reciprocally along the traveling direction. The crushing claw used in the present method and apparatus needs to reverse the direction when the traveling direction is changed, but if it is formed symmetrically, even if the direction of the traveling direction changes, that is, either the normal direction or the reverse direction. You can also crush it by rotating it to.

A device for achieving the third object is a mobile vehicle which can be moved by remote control or by being pulled by a towing device on the scale layer deposited on the hearth of the heating furnace, or a self-propelled mobile vehicle. It has a crushing claw that is driven to rotate around an x-axis, a y-axis, a z-axis along the traveling direction or an axis inclined at an appropriate angle with respect to these axes by a drive source installed in a moving vehicle, and crushes. The claw has a blade-like second on at least one side
It is characterized in that the crushing claws of are protruded so as to be curved to the side.

[0022]

EXAMPLE FIG. 1 shows a scale crushing and peeling machine according to the present invention, which is equipped with a caterpillar 1 and is remotely operated from outside the furnace while observing an image taken by an ITV camera mounted on the crushing and peeling machine. The moving vehicle 3 traveling on the scale layer 2 deposited in the furnace and the crushing and peeling mechanism 4 supported by the moving vehicle 3 are provided. An arm 6 pivotally attached to the frame 5 in a vertically rotatable manner, a hydraulic cylinder 7 as an elevating mechanism for connecting the frame 5 and the arm 6 and raising and lowering the arm 6, and an arm rotatably attached to the tip of the arm. A rotating body 11 that is rotatably driven by a motor 8 fixed to the rear end portion via a belt transmission device 9, and a T-shaped hammer that is rotatably attached to the periphery of the rotating body 11 with pins 12 at regular intervals in the circumferential direction. 1 And a sensor (not shown) that detects the oil supply pressure of the hydraulic cylinder 7, and the oil pressure detected by the sensor is displayed on a gauge installed in a control box (not shown) outside the furnace. is there.

In the scale removing operation, a carry-in door (not shown) is opened to enter the furnace, and the rotating body 11 is set as the head (the moving vehicle 3 may be set as the head) and the rotating body 11 is rotated on the scale layer 2. Run while driving. The hammer 13, which is axially attached to the rotating body by the pin 12, adds the increment of the angular acceleration due to the self-weight of the hammer having the pin 12 as a fulcrum to the centrifugal inertial force due to the rotation of the rotating body, and thus the scale layer 2
Be driven into. After driving, it is bite horizontally to promote peeling of the scale, and the scale is caused by the upward rotation, so peeling occurs (see FIG. 2). When the hammer hits the hard scale layer and the rotating body 11 stops, the moving vehicle 3 is once retracted to perform the crushing work.

After the moving vehicle is moved in one direction to perform the above-mentioned crushing work, the moving vehicle is turned to the left or right side to perform the crushing work again, and by repeating this operation, the scale in the entire furnace is Is crushed and peeled off.
3 and 4 show another crushing and peeling machine,
The crushing and peeling mechanism 2 includes a moving vehicle 23 that includes a caterpillar 21 and runs on a scale layer using a motor 22 as a drive source, and a crushing and peeling mechanism 24 supported by the moving vehicle 23.
Reference numeral 4 connects a support base 26 rotatably supported by a support column 25 rising from the moving car 23, the moving car 23 and the support base 26, tilts the supporting base 26 up and down, and mounts a crushing drum described later. Cylinder 27 for switching between a use position where the scale layer is pressed and a non-use position where the scale layer is detached above the scale layer.
And the arm 2 projecting downward from both sides of the support base 26.
8 and a crushing drum 29 axially supported between the arms, and a motor 32 attached to the support 26 and driving the crushing drum 29 via a chain transmission mechanism 31. 5, the hook-shaped crushing claws 33 are formed so as to project in the circumferential direction at regular intervals, and a pair of tongue-shaped crushing claws 34 are formed between the crushing claws so as to project laterally in opposite directions. Drive shaft 36 with crushing claw wheel 35 attached
It has a structure in which it can be inserted and removed at regular intervals.

FIG. 6 shows another example of the crushing claw wheel,
It has a structure in which inverted trapezoidal crushing claws 38 are formed to project in the circumferential direction at regular intervals to form an uneven gear shape, and tongue-shaped crushing claws 39 similar to the crushing claws 34 are attached between the crushing claws. , Is fixed to the drive shaft of the crushing drum at regular intervals. A torque meter 46 for detecting the torque of the motor is connected to the motor 32, and the torque detected by the torque meter 46 is
When the torque reaches the set value when it is sent to the control equipment housed in the control box 47 installed in the mobile vehicle 23,
The motor 32 is stopped. In addition to the motor 32, the control device controls the motor 22 for controlling the running and stopping of the moving vehicle 23 and the cylinder 27 for switching the crushing drum 29 to the use position or the non-use position by remote operation from outside the furnace. I am doing it.

Although not shown in the moving vehicle 23,
A hose connected to the vacuum device is attached, the hose tip is allowed to move vertically and horizontally on the scale layer, and the suction port is directed directly above the scale layer, preferably obliquely. This embodiment is configured as described above,
At the time of removing the scale, after introducing the moving vehicle 23 into the furnace, the cylinder 27 is operated to switch the crushing drum 29 to the use position and press it against the scale, and the motor 32 is used.
Moving car 2 with the crushing car claws rotating by driving
Move 3 on the scale layer. By rotating the crushing claw wheel, the crushing claws 33 and 34 bite into the scale layer and scoop up the scale layer to crush and peel the scale,
The crushed scale pieces are sucked out from the suction port of the vacuum.

When the crushing claw hits the hearth and the torque required to drive the crushing drum 29 reaches the set value, the motor 32 is stopped and the drive of the crushing drum 29 is stopped. After the moving wheel 23 moves in one direction and the scale layer is scooped up by the crushing drum as described above, the crushing claw wheel shown in FIG. Is changed and the drive source 36 is inserted and fixed. Then, the moving vehicle 23 is moved in the opposite direction, and the scooping of the scale layer is repeated. In the crushing ratchet shown in FIG. 6, the scale layer can be scooped up even if it is rotated in either forward or reverse directions, and it is not necessary to change the direction.

Although the crushing drum 29 of the above-described embodiment is rotationally driven around the x axis which is orthogonal to the traveling direction, the crushing drum 41 shown in FIG. 7 rotates around the y axis along the traveling direction. In another example that is rotationally driven, crushing claws 42 are formed in the peripheral edge of the tip at regular intervals in the circumferential direction, and blades 43 are provided on the circumference near the crushing claws to project laterally at regular intervals. There is.

When the scale layer is crushed and peeled off, the rotation axis of the crushing drum 41 forms an angle θ with respect to the scale layer, for example, 0.
It is tilted by about 45 ° and is moved in the direction of arrow while being rotated in one direction. When the crushing drum 41 rotates around the tilt axis, the crushing claws 42 bite into the scale layer and scoop it up, and the scale layer is separated and crushed.

FIG. 8 shows still another example of the crushing drum 44 in which the crushing claw 45 is formed in a spiral shape. The crushing claw 45 is rotationally driven around an axis inclined by 0 to 45 ° with respect to the vertical axis z axis. While moving in the traveling direction, crushing and peeling are performed. That is, the claws are scooped up by being screwed into the scale layer.

[0031]

The present invention is constructed as described above and has the following effects. According to the crushing and peeling method and device of the first and second aspects, the scale layered by the crushing claws can be efficiently crushed and peeled off by scooping up the scale layer.

When the crushing claw hits the hearth and the rotation of the crushing claw can be stopped by detecting when the crushing claw hits the hearth, damage to the hearth by the crushing claw can be prevented. You can According to the method of the fourth aspect, the rotational drive of the crushing claw can be controlled by detecting the torque during crushing using a torque meter as a sensor.

According to the crushing / peeling device of the fifth aspect, since the scale scooped up by the crushing claw is divided by the second crushing claw, the scale layer is more finely cut and sucked by vacuum. Can be done easily. If the crushing and peeling are performed by reciprocating like the method according to claim 6,
The scale layer can be finely chopped.

If the tip portion is formed with an acute angle so that the direction of the crushing nail is the same in both forward and reverse directions, it is not necessary to reverse the direction of the crushing nail. . According to the crushing and peeling apparatus of claim 8, the scale in the entire heating furnace can be crushed and peeled by mechanical force by moving on the scale, and can be introduced without modifying the existing equipment, and the hammer can be used. Can be crushed with a small crushing force because it can be driven horizontally into the scale layer and crushed easily, and it is easier to get crushed. Since the amount is small, the crushing and peeling work can be effectively performed even with a small and lightweight one.

According to the crushing and peeling apparatus of the ninth aspect, the hammer is driven into the scale layer by adding the centrifugal inertial force due to the rotation of the rotating body and the increase in the angular acceleration due to the weight of the hammer, so that the crushing force is increased. At the same time, the impact force at the time of crushing is alleviated, and it is possible to prevent the hammer and the rotating body from being damaged by the application of an excessive impact force. If a plurality of hammers are provided as in the crushing and peeling device according to claim 10,
The rotating body is balanced and the rotating body becomes smooth, and the crushing and peeling speed of the scale is increased to improve the work efficiency.

According to the crushing and peeling apparatus of claim 11,
Regardless of whether the moving vehicle is moved in the front or rear direction, the scale crushing and peeling work can be performed, and the hammer head becomes heavy, so the crushing force is improved. Claim 12
According to the crushing and peeling apparatus described above, it is possible to grasp that the crushing and peeling work is being performed by the hammer by detecting the contact of the rotating body with the scale layer by the sensor.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a side view of a crushing and peeling machine according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an enlarged side view of a hammer attached to the rotating body.

FIG. 3 is a side view of another crushing peeling machine.

FIG. 4 is a plan view of the same.

FIG. 5 is a front view of a crushing ratchet wheel.

FIG. 6 is a front view of another crushing ratchet wheel.

FIG. 7 is a perspective view of another crushing drum.

FIG. 8 is a perspective view of still another crushing drum.

[Explanation of symbols]

2 ... Scale layer 3, 23 ... Moving vehicle 4, 24 ... Shredding and peeling mechanism 5 ... Frame 6 ... Arm 7 ... Hydraulic cylinder 8, 22, 32 ... Motor 9. ..Belt transmission device 11 ... Rotator 12 ... Pin 13 ... Hammer 26 ... Support base 27 ... Cylinder 28 ... Arm 29, 41, 44 ... Crushing drum 35 ...・ Crushing claw wheel 33, 34, 38, 39, 42, 45 ... Crushing claw 36 ... Drive shaft 46 ... Torque meter 43 ... Blade

Front page continued (72) Inventor Tsutomu Honda 11-1 Showa-cho, Kure City, Hiroshima Prefecture Nisshin Steel Co., Ltd. Kure Steel Works (72) Inventor Nobuhiko Kanekichi 11-11 Showa-cho, Kure City, Hiroshima Prefecture Kure Steel Works Co., Ltd.

Claims (12)

[Claims] 1. A method for crushing and peeling off scales deposited on the hearth of a heating furnace for heating a slab, which comprises:
It is characterized in that it is rotationally driven around an axis, a y-axis, a z-axis or an axis inclined at an appropriate angle with respect to these axes so as to bite into the scale layer and move in the traveling direction while scooping. Shredding and peeling method. 2. A moving vehicle that can be moved by a remote operation or pulled by a towing device on the scale layer deposited on the hearth of the heating furnace, or can be self-propelled, and a drive source installed in the moving vehicle. Axis, y-axis, z-axis or these axes,
The crushing and peeling device used in the method according to claim 1, further comprising a crushing claw that is driven to rotate about an axis inclined at an appropriate angle. 3. A sensor for detecting when the crushing claw hits the hearth of the heating furnace, and when the detection signal is transmitted from the sensor, the rotation drive of the crushing claw is stopped. Crushing and peeling method. 4. The crushing and peeling method according to claim 3, wherein the sensor is a torque meter. 5. A mobile vehicle that can be moved by a remote control or pulled by a towing device on the scale layer deposited on the hearth of the heating furnace, or a self-propelled mobile vehicle and a drive source installed in the mobile vehicle. Axis, y-axis, z-axis or these axes,
It has a crushing claw which is driven to rotate about an axis inclined at an appropriate angle, and a blade-shaped second crushing claw is provided on at least one side of the crushing claw so as to project laterally. A crushing and peeling apparatus used in the method according to claim 1. 6. The crushing and peeling method according to claim 1, wherein the method is performed by reciprocating along a traveling direction. 7. The crushing and peeling method according to claim 6, wherein the crushing claws are formed so that the directions thereof are the same in both directions of rotation. 8. A device for crushing and peeling scale deposited on a hearth of a heating furnace for heating a slab, which can be moved on a scale layer by remote control or pulled by a towing device, or can be self-propelled. A moving vehicle and installed in the moving vehicle,
A crushing / separating device comprising: a rotating body that is rotationally driven by a drive device; an elevating mechanism that raises and lowers the rotating body; and a hammer that is attached to the rotating body and rotates together with the rotating body. 9. The crushing and peeling device according to claim 8, wherein the hammer is rotatably attached to the outer periphery of the rotating body by a pin. 10. The crushing and peeling device according to claim 8, wherein a plurality of hammers are attached to the outer periphery of the rotating body at regular intervals. 11. The crushing and peeling device according to claim 8, wherein the hammer is T-shaped. 12. The crushing and peeling apparatus according to claim 8, further comprising a sensor for detecting contact of the rotating body with the scale.