JPH07141438A - Device for deciding assembling order of mounting parts - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To make the balance of loads among respective processes uniform, to decide an optimum assembling order and to provide manufacture processes with improved operability and quality. CONSTITUTION:Respective parts are sorted into the respective parts to be mounted by a mounting machine and by manual operations from the design data of a substrate by a manual assembly part extraction part 21 and they are arranged and edited corresponding, at least, to the respective parameters of part numbers by a formation data preparation part 22. From the arranged and edited data, by an advance relation generation means 23, the respective parameters of the respective parts are interpreted by a prescribed order arithmetic operation, the respective parts are ranked and the preceeding relation of part assembly is generated based on the result of ranking. Then, respective operation elements are allocated to the respective processes corresponding, at least, to the pitch time of the processes and the operation order of the processes pertinent to respective terminal equipments 32 to 36 is displayed based on the result by an operation instruction part 27 for the respective processes.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an assembling order determining apparatus for mounting parts which determines an assembling order in a manufacturing process in which an operator mounts parts on a printed wiring board.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art FIG. 24 is a diagram showing a manufacturing process of a circuit wiring board. The manufacturing process 1 includes five processes, and the workers "1" to "5" are assigned to these processes. When a printed circuit board (hereinafter abbreviated as a board) 2 flows in the manufacturing process 1, each worker “1” to “5” mounts each component corresponding to the process on the board 2. There is.

In this case, each worker "1" of each process ...
For "5", it is necessary to determine the assembling order when mounting each component. In order to determine the parts assembling order, layout parameters in each process, interference problems at the time of mounting due to characteristics such as the shape of each part, and parameters such as the skill of each worker “1” to “5” are set. It is necessary to finely organize and allocate each mounted component so that efficient mounting can be performed.

However, in reality, it is very difficult to quantitatively handle the parameters such as the skill of the worker. Therefore, the conditions are fixed to some extent and the assembly order of each part is empirically determined. is the current situation. Therefore, the load of the mounting work becomes unbalanced between the respective processes, the work becomes difficult, and quality troubles are caused, resulting in an inefficient manufacturing process.

Further, such an indirect task of determining the assembling order can be performed only by a specific expert, and often depends on the expert's intuition and experience. For this reason,
Without the specialist, the task of determining the assembly order cannot be performed, and the results of the determination of the assembly order may differ between experts.

[0006]

As described above, it is difficult to quantitatively deal with various parameters such as process layout restrictions and characteristics of each component, and to determine an appropriate assembly order of components. In addition, this decision often relies on the intuition and experience of experts.

In view of the above, the present invention is directed to an assembling order determining apparatus for mounting parts, which can make the load balance among the steps uniform and determine an optimum assembling order, thereby realizing an excellent manufacturing process of work and quality. The purpose is to provide.

[0008]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION According to the present invention, a board design is performed in a mounting part assembly order determining apparatus which determines a mounting order of each part when the board is flowed through a plurality of steps to mount each part. The component selection means for selecting each component from the data into each component to be mounted by the mounting machine and the manual operation, and the data of each component selected by this component selection means are arranged and edited according to at least each parameter of the component number. Knitting data preparation means, and precedence relationship generation means for interpreting each parameter of each part by a predetermined ranking operation to rank each part, and generating a precedence relationship for component assembly based on the ranking result. And an assembling order determination device for mounting components, which is intended to achieve the above object.

Further, according to the present invention, in a mounting component assembling order determination device for determining a mounting order of each component when the substrate is flowed through a plurality of steps to mount each component, each component is determined from the design data of the substrate. And a knitting data preparing means for arranging and editing the data of each part selected by this part selecting means according to each parameter of at least the part number of these parts. And a precedence relationship generating means for interpreting each parameter of each part by a predetermined ranking operation to rank each part, and generating a precedence relationship of each element work of component assembly based on the ranking result. Allocating means for allocating each element work to each process at least according to the pitch time of the process from the preceding relationship generated by the preceding relationship generating means, and the allocating means. A mounting part assembly order determination device that achieves the above-mentioned object by including a step-by-step work instruction unit that displays a work order of a process corresponding to each terminal device installed in each process based on the allocation result of is there.

[0010]

By providing such means, each component is selected from the design data of the board by the component selection means into the mounting machine and each component to be mounted by hand, and the data of each selected component is knitting data. The preparing means arranges and edits at least according to each parameter of the part number. Then, the prioritized relationship generating means interprets each parameter of each part by a predetermined rank operation from the organized and edited data to rank each part, and based on the result of the ranking, the part assembling is preceded. Generate a relationship.

Further, when the preceding relation of the parts assembly is generated in this way, each work element is allocated to each process according to the pitch time of the process at least by the allocation means, and the work instruction for each process is based on the allocation result. The means displays the work order of the process corresponding to each terminal device installed in each process.

[0012]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a mounting component assembly order determination device. The CAD system 10 stores design data of boards and parts. FIG. 2 shows an example of this design data, which has a multi-chamber configuration of the same type in which the small substrates 2a and 2b having the same pattern are formed on one parent substrate 2. In the figure, part numbers are attached, for example, C is a capacitor, F is a fuse, IC is an integrated circuit, PJ is a connector, Q is a transistor, R is a resistor, RM is a resistor module, S is a switch, and X is a crystal. , W are accessory parts.
Then, as the design data of these parts, a part code, a cell name, a rating / type name, a mounting time, a position, a dimension, etc. are stored. In addition, in the substrate 2 shown in FIG.
The number of parts is 55 for each of a and 2b. Of these, 25 parts are handled automatically and 30 parts are handled manually.

On the other hand, the main control unit 20 includes a hand assembly part extraction unit 21, a knitting data preparation unit 22, a preceding relationship generation unit 23,
The allocation unit 24, the correction unit 25, the re-allocation unit 26, the process-specific work instruction unit 27, and the input unit 28 are connected. The CAD system 10 is connected to the input unit 28.

The hand-assembled parts extraction section 21 receives design data of each part from the CAD system 10, and selects from the design data to each part to be mounted by a mounting machine and manual work.
In particular, it has a function of extracting each component to be mounted by manual work. FIG. 3 shows the result of extracting the manually mounted components, and the dark hatched portions in the drawing are the manually mounted components. In addition, the hand-assembled parts extraction unit 21 uses the metal fitting 30 that cannot be handled by the CAD system 10 and the small boards 1a and 1b.
It has a function of extracting the work (incidental work) for attaching the tapes 31a and 31b fixed to the.

The knitting data preparation section 22 organizes and edits the data of each part selected by the hand-assembled part extraction section 21 according to each parameter such as the part number, the part code, the cell name, etc. of these parts. Further, it has a function of separately editing each component to be mounted on the board 2 and incidental work.
FIG. 4 shows parameters of such organized and edited parts and incidental work. Of these, the range of each data 32a shows a part and the range of each data 32b shows an incidental work. This incidental work involves attaching the metal fittings and pasting the data as described above.

The preceding relation generating means 23 interprets each parameter of each component by a predetermined ranking operation to rank the respective components, and generates a leading relation of the component assembly based on the ranking result. And specifically has the functions of the blocking unit 23a, the ordering unit 23b, and the preceding relationship generation unit 23c.

By the way, preconditions for allocating parts to each process are set in the preceding relationship generating means 23. The preconditions in this case are that the pitch time of the manufacturing process is 56 seconds and the number of processes is 5 as shown in FIG.
In addition, as for how to hold the components in each process, since the substrate 2 is a multi-sided two-piece substrate of the same type, in each process, in order not to complicate the mounting work,
It is assumed that the same component or mounting work occurs twice.

Therefore, the precondition is that the pitch time at the time of allocation is 28 seconds and the parts of one small board 2a, 2b are allocated, and due to the restriction of the process, the metal fitting 30 and each tape 31a, 31b are set as the first process. It is to be assigned.

The blocking unit 23a uses three types of methods according to the mounting density of the components on the substrate 2 so that the components are not concentrated at the positions close to one process, that is, vertical / horizontal uniform, vertical uniform and horizontal. It has a function of dividing into a plurality of blocks depending on the uniformity. Among them, the method of uniforming the vertical / horizontal direction is shown in FIG.
As shown in FIG. 2, the substrate 2 is vertically divided into n and horizontally divided into m. A vertical uniform method divides only the vertical direction into n, and a horizontal uniform method divides into only the horizontal direction. Is. In this case, an interference area can be designated at the boundary between the blocks in order to avoid interference between the blocks.

The ordering unit 23b has a function of interpreting each parameter of each part and setting the precedence order as a precedence order table. The precedence order is set by the following arithmetic expression (1) and statistical function (2), and the values of the parameters are treated in ascending / descending order. The arithmetic expression is P (i) op P (j) op P (k) (1), where P is a parameter (position, size, etc.) of the part, and op is an arithmetic operator (+,-, X, ÷).

The statistical function is as follows: maximum value: Max {P (i), P (j), P (k)} minimum value: Min {P (i), P (j), P (k)} average Value: Avg {P (i), P (j), P (k)} (2), which is used to obtain the maximum value, minimum value, and average value of each parameter.

In this case, there are two types of ranking ranges, that is, within a blocked block and between blocks. Within a block, ranking is performed only by the data values within the block, and between blocks is ranked within the block by the values of all data.

Further, there are two kinds of interpretation of the value at the time of ordering, an absolute value and a relative value, and the absolute value is interpreted as the rank being different if the value is slightly different, and the relative value is the value. A certain range is included in the interpretation, and if the values are within the range even if the others are slightly different, they are interpreted as the same rank.

By executing the processing in the ordering unit 23b, the preceding order table shown in FIG. 7 is generated. This precedence table is for each block, for example B
The order of parts such as W10, W11 ... is described for 1, B2 ... In addition, here, each of the above-mentioned parts is replaced by W10, W11.
It is represented by….

The precedence relation generating unit 23c interprets the rankings listed in the precedence ranking table as precedence relations, and
Also, it has a function of generating a preceding relationship of each element work shown in FIG. In each of these figures, “◯” indicates each element work.

Of these, the precedence relation shown in FIG. 8 is generated within a block, and the precedence relation is generated only within the block. For example, the preceding relationship is the element work W10 → W11 → W12 ... In the block B1 and each component W20 → W21 → W22 ... In the block B2.
Further, the precedence relationship shown in FIG. 9 is to generate the precedence relationship of the block in the order of all data. For example, it indicates that the mounting work of each component W10, W20, W30 is performed in parallel, the mounting work of the component W11, then the component W21, and the mounting work of each component W12, W22, W31.

However, there are two types of generation between blocks, if the element work does not continuously exist after the element work as viewed from the element work, the attachment position is pre-attached or post-attached. The forefront is
Free space follows and free space precedes free space.

Next, the allocating unit 24 uses the preceding relationship generating means 23.
It has a function of assigning and setting each elemental work of the preceding relationship generated by the above to each of the five processes. There are two types of allocation setting, a work time value and a positional weight, and each elemental work having a large value. Is assigned to each process.

Here, the evaluation index for the allocation result is the number of steps, the average / maximum / minimum value of the working time value, the balance loss rate (BD rate), and the variation (standard deviation: STD value). Among these, the BD rate and the STD value are: BD rate = {Σ (Tmax-Ti) / Tmax × n} × 100 (%) (3) STD value = {Σ (Tmean-Ti) ² } ^1/2 / (N-1) is represented by (4). Note that Tmax is the maximum value of working time, Tmax
i is the work time value of the process i, n is the number of processes, and Tmean is the average value of the work time.

Further, the smaller the BD ratio and the STD value are, the higher the evaluation is. The correction unit 25 has a function of changing the order in each process, the exchange of element work between processes, and the change of allocation / transfer to the result of the allocation by the allocation unit 24.

The reassignment unit 26 has a function of reassigning the unassigned element work to the process while leaving the assigned element work as it is. The work instruction section 27 for each process has a function of displaying the work order of the process based on the allocation result on each of the terminal devices 32 to 36 arranged for each process on the display.

Next, the operation of the device configured as described above will be described. The board and component design data stored in the CAD system 10 is passed to the manually assembled component extraction unit 21 through the input unit 28.

The hand-assembled component extracting unit 21 sorts each component of the design data shown in FIG. 2 into each component to be mounted by the mounting machine and the manual work, and mounts the component by the manual work shown in FIG. 3 from the selection result. Extract each part. In addition, in the figure, CAD
The metal fitting 30 that cannot be handled by the system 10 and the small board 1
It includes the occurrence of incidental work for attaching the tapes 31a and 31b fixed to a and 1b.

Next, the knitting data preparation section 22 uses the data of each part selected by the hand-assembled part extraction section 21 in accordance with each part number, part code, cell name and other parameters of each part as shown in FIG. Organize and edit. By this rearrangement and editing, each data is divided into a data range 32a of each component and each data range 32b of a metal fitting and tape attaching incidental work.

Next, the preceding relationship generating means 23 operates. First, the blocking unit 23a of the preceding relationship generating means 23
Substrate 2 so that parts are not concentrated in the proximity of one process
The upper part is divided into a plurality of blocks according to the mounting density of the substrate 2 by, for example, a vertical / horizontal uniform method among three types. FIG. 6 shows the result of division into such blocks.

Here, the case where the board 2 is vertically and uniformly divided into two blocks will be described. The component data in this case is divided as shown in FIGS. That is, FIG. 10 shows that each part data is arranged and edited according to each parameter such as part number, mounting time, two block numbers “1” or “2”, part interference such as height and size of part, workability, and the like. , These parts data are each block "1",
When divided by "2", the data is divided and arranged as shown in FIG. As a result of this division and arrangement, there are 13 parts in the block "1" and 17 parts in the block "2".

Next, the ordering unit 23b interprets each parameter of these parts with respect to each part data divided into each block by the blocking unit 23a, and sets the preceding order as a preceding order table.

That is, the setting of the precedence order is performed by the arithmetic expression (1) and the statistical function (2), and is set by the ascending / descending order of the value of the parameter. Then, there are two kinds of ranking ranges, that is, inside the blocked block and between blocks. Among these, the inside of the block is ranked only by the data value within the block, and the inside of the block is the value of all data between the blocks. Rank.

FIG. 12 shows each part data as a result of ranking. In the figure, the ranking rule is "from low component", and 4 is assigned to blocks "1" and "2" respectively.
Ranking of types, that is, within block / absolute value (I
D), in-block / relative value (IR), inter-block / absolute value (OD), and inter-block / relative value (OR). In addition, as a ranking rule, the ranking is performed according to "from a small component", "from a short component", and "from a component in the opposite direction in which the board flows".

Therefore, the precedence ranking table shown in FIG. 7 is created from this ranking. Next, the preceding relationship generation unit 23c
Interprets the rankings listed in the preceding ranking table as precedence relationships, and generates precedence relationships for each elemental work shown in FIGS. 8 and 9. The preceding relationship in these figures is generated according to the preceding order table shown in FIG.
For example, it is assumed that the preceding relationship shown in FIG. 13 has been generated.

In the figure, each work is indicated by "○", but the numerical value below it is the work time and parentheses "()".
In the figure, the position weight is shown, and the arrow “→” shows the preceding / successive relationship. In this preceding relationship, for example, the element work F has two sections in the horizontal direction, and the element work E has three sections in the horizontal direction. Further, it can be seen that the elemental work C has two degrees of freedom in the lateral direction in conjunction with the position of the elemental work F.

Next, the allocating unit 24 uses the preceding relationship generating means 23.
Each elemental work of the preceding relationship generated by is assigned to each process and set. This allocation setting is performed with two types of work time values and positional weights, and element work having a large value is assigned to each process.

For example, if the preceding relationship generated by the preceding relationship generating means 23 is as shown in FIG. 14, the allocation is as shown in FIG. 15 for each step "1" to "6". And positional weighting. In this case, the work time value results in 5 steps, and the positional weighting results in 6 steps. Each work element of the next candidate is described in each process.

Next, the correction unit 25 changes the order of assignment within each process Q1, the exchange of element work Q2 between processes, and the assignment / unassignment Q3 with respect to the result of the assignment by the assigning unit 24. . FIG. 16 shows this modification. For example, in each of the seven steps, the order change Q1 within the steps of the element work A, B, ..., The element work exchange Q2 between the steps, and the assignment / transfer Q3 are performed. . By this correction, the pitch time between each process becomes uniform.

Further, as shown in FIG. 17, the reallocation unit 26 reallocates the element work to the allocated element work, if there is an area where the element work can be allocated. In this case, the assigned element work is not changed.

FIG. 18 shows an example of the result of allocating the element work to the process under some conditions in this way. here,
The evaluation index for the allocation result is the number of steps, the average / maximum / minimum value of the working time value, the BD ratio, and the STD value as described above. Among these, the BD ratio and the STD value are obtained by the above equations (3) and (4). Further, P indicates the number of parts, T indicates the working time, P1 indicates the order of BD ratio, and P2 indicates the order of STD.

Then, the smaller the BD ratio and the STD value are, the higher the evaluation is. In addition,
The evaluation point attached to the figure is "9", and the highest evaluation point is attached with "1" although not shown.

FIG. 19 is a graph showing the allocation results under each condition, where the horizontal axis represents the process number and the vertical axis represents the working time. This figure shows the result of ranking according to the ranking rule "from small parts".
This is a result of allocating between the blocks by two types, a work time value and a positional weight, and the value is interpreted as an absolute value. Here, the lightly hatched parts show the total value of the work time of the assigned element work, and the darkly hatched parts show the idle time.

Actually, not only the ranking rule "from small components", but also the ranking rule from "from short components" to "from components in the opposite direction of the board" is assigned, and the value is interpreted. Is performed with an absolute value and a relative value.

20 and 21 show details of the allocation result under each condition. Here, FIG. 20 shows the result of assignment by the working time value using the ranking rule “from small parts”, and FIG. 21 shows the result of assignment by positional weighting using the ranking rule “from small parts”. . In addition,
Also in this case, the ordering rules "from short components" and "from components in the opposite direction of the substrate flow" are used to obtain the result of allocation by the work time value and positional weight.

Next, the work instruction section 27 for each process displays the work order of the process based on the allocation result on each of the terminal devices 32 to 36 arranged for each process. 22 and 23
Shows an image image of the work order displayed on the display of each terminal device 32, 33 in each of the first and second steps. It should be noted that these work orders are obtained from small parts / in block / relative value / time as conditions, and show two conditions with the highest evaluation points in the allocation result.

In the image images of the respective steps shown in FIGS. 22 and 23, the darkly hatched parts indicate the parts held in the step, and the work order is (1) (2) (3) (4) (5). It is displayed by. Therefore, the worker in each process may perform the work according to the work order (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) of this image image.

As described above, in the above-described one embodiment, each component is selected from the design data of the board into each component to be mounted by the mounting machine and the manual work, and is rearranged and edited according to at least each parameter of the component number. Each parameter of each component is interpreted by a predetermined ranking operation from the obtained data to rank each component, and a preceding relation of component assembly is generated based on the ranking result. Then, each work element is assigned to each process in accordance with at least the process pitch time, and the work order of the process corresponding to each terminal device is displayed based on this result, so that the load of the mounting work between each process is reduced. A well-balanced and uniform load distribution can be performed without causing an imbalance, and an efficient manufacturing process can be performed without causing work difficulty or quality trouble.

Further, the assembling order can be determined without relying on the intuition and experience of an expert, and the same assembling order result can be obtained even if an inexperienced person who is not an expert operates. Therefore, it is possible to realize an excellent manufacturing process of work and quality. The present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned one embodiment, and may be modified within the scope of the invention.

[0055]

As described above in detail, according to the present invention, it is possible to make the load balance among the respective steps uniform and determine the optimum assembling order, thereby realizing the excellent manufacturing steps of work-made and quality. It is possible to provide an assembling order determination device for mountable components.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram showing an embodiment of a mounting component assembly order determination device according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of design data used for the apparatus.

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing an extraction result of manual work by the apparatus.

FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a result of organizing and editing by the device.

FIG. 5 is a view showing a precondition for allocation by the apparatus.

FIG. 6 is a view showing the case where flocking is performed uniformly in the vertical and horizontal directions by the same device.

FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a preceding rank table obtained by the device.

FIG. 8 is a diagram showing generation of an antecedent relationship within a block obtained by the apparatus.

FIG. 9 is a diagram showing generation of a preceding relationship between blocks obtained by the same apparatus.

FIG. 10 is a diagram showing component data when the device is divided into blocks.

FIG. 11 is a view showing component data when the same device divides each block.

FIG. 12 is a diagram showing a case where ranking is performed by the apparatus.

FIG. 13 is a diagram showing an interpretation of each element work of the preceding relationship obtained by the same device.

FIG. 14 is a view showing an example of a preceding relationship obtained by the same device.

FIG. 15 is a diagram showing an allocation method by the device.

FIG. 16 is a view showing a correction effect on an allocation result by the device.

FIG. 17 is a view showing an operation of reallocation by the device.

FIG. 18 is a view showing each element work assigned by the apparatus.

FIG. 19 is a graph showing a result of allocation under each condition by the apparatus.

FIG. 20 is a diagram showing component data when the device is assigned under each condition.

FIG. 21 is a diagram showing component data when the device is assigned under each condition.

FIG. 22 is a view showing an image image instructed by each terminal device in the same device.

FIG. 23 is a view showing an image image designated by each terminal device in the same apparatus.

FIG. 24 is a view showing a manufacturing process of the circuit wiring board.

[Explanation of symbols]

2 ... Board, 2a, 2b ... Small board, 10 ... CAD system, 20 ... Main control section, 21 ... Hand assembly part extraction section, 22 ...
Composition data preparation unit, 23 ... Preceding relationship generation means, 23a ...
Blocking unit, 23b ... Ordering unit, 23c ... Preceding relationship generation unit, 24 ... Allocation unit, 25 ... Correction unit, 26 ... Reallocation unit, 27 ... Process-specific work instruction unit, 32 to 36 ... Terminal devices.

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A mounting component assembling order determining apparatus that determines a mounting order of each component when the substrate is mounted in a plurality of steps by mounting each component from the design data of the substrate. And a knitting data preparing means for arranging and editing the data of each component selected by this component selecting means according to each parameter of at least the part number of the component , Precedence relation generating means for interpreting each parameter of each component by a predetermined ranking operation to rank the components, and generating a precedence relation of the component assembly based on the ranking result. An assembly order determination device for mounting parts, characterized in that 2. A mounting component assembly order determination device for determining a mounting order of each component when the substrate is flown through a plurality of steps to mount each component, wherein each component is selected from design data of the substrate. And a knitting data preparing means for arranging and editing the data of each component selected by this component selecting means according to each parameter of at least the part number of the component , An interpretation of each parameter of each part by a predetermined ranking operation to rank each of the parts, and a precedence relationship generation that generates a precedence relationship of each element work of the component assembly based on the ranking result Means for allocating the respective elemental works to the respective steps in accordance with at least the pitch time of the steps from the preceding relationship generated by the preceding relationship generating means. Only a means,
And a step-by-step work instructing means for displaying the work order of the steps corresponding to the terminal devices installed in the respective steps based on the allocation result of the allocating means. apparatus.