JPH07127635A - Radial sliding bearing device - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To provide a radial sliding bearing device of which a slid in member is not broken by providing columnar projections having rotation centers in the direction perpendicular to the center axis of a rotary shaft on symmetric positions, and providing fit holes to which the projections are loosely fitted on the inner circumferential face of a bearing case opposed to the projections. CONSTITUTION:When a rotary shaft is tilted based on the center of a columnar projection 1a of a sliding member 1, the sliding member 1 is rotated in the tilt direction of the rotary shaft centering around the center of the columnar projection 1a. When the rotary shaft is tilted based on the center of a columnar projection 3b of a bearing base material 3, the bearing base material 3 is rotated in the tilt direction of the rotary shaft centering around the center of the columnar projection 3b. Between the sliding member 1 and the bearing base material 3 and between the bearing base material 3 and a bearing case 4, clearances are respectively provided, hence there is no possibility of rotation trouble due to clogging of gravel or earth and sand, the sliding member 1 deals with tilt of the rotary shaft sensitively, and the bearing follows to tilt of the shaft sufficiently so as to prevent breakage of the sliding member 1.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an improvement in a radial sliding bearing device, and more particularly to an improvement in a radial sliding bearing device using river water as a bearing lubricant.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Generally, in hydraulic machines such as turbines and pumps, river water is used as a lubricant for bearings, and a hard material such as a ceramic material is used for the sliding parts of the bearings. Is normal.

Generally, in this type of bearing, when the rotary shaft is tilted, the rotary shaft and the sliding member tend to hit each other, resulting in point contact of the touched portion, and the surface pressure of the sliding portion increases.

This pressure increase on the sliding surface may exceed the allowable surface pressure of the sliding member. If the allowable surface pressure is exceeded,
The sliding member may be damaged. In particular, in a hydraulic machine, in which a hard material such as a ceramic material is used for a sliding portion, the hard material is weak against a compressive force and an impact and is broken by a relatively small force.

Until now, various measures have been taken to prevent the sliding member from being damaged due to the inclination of the rotating shaft, that is, to prevent uneven contact between the rotating shaft and the sliding member. Bearings are used.

This self-aligning bearing structure is described in "Bearing Design" issued by Ohm Co., and as shown in the cross section in FIG. There is a spherical sliding member 18, and an outer spherical sliding member 19 is arranged on the outer peripheral side thereof.

On the inner peripheral side of the inner spherical sliding member 18, a sliding member 17 formed so as to have a predetermined gap with respect to the rotary shaft 16 is arranged.

The sliding member 17 is the inner spherical sliding member 1 described above.
8 is shrink-fitted or press-fitted and integrated with the inner spherical sliding member. The inner spherical sliding member 18 is fitted with the outer spherical sliding member 19 with a slidable gap so that the inner spherical sliding member 18 and the outer spherical sliding member 19 can slide freely. Is formed in.

When the rotary shaft 16 is tilted rightward from the bearing center by the load, a load pushing the upper part of the sliding member 17 to the right acts and a load pushing the left part to the left, that is, a couple acts. Along with this, the inner spherical sliding member 18, which is in spherical engagement with the sliding member 17, receives this load and rotates to the right.

For this reason, the core of the sliding member 17 and the core of the rotating shaft 16 are always automatically parallel to each other, and the sliding member 17 is fixed to the rotating shaft 1.
6 is not in point contact with 6 but always in line contact with rotating shaft 1
The load of 7 is received, and the sliding member 17 can smoothly slide without being damaged.

[0011]

In the self-aligning bearing thus formed, the core of the sliding member and the core of the rotary shaft are
There is no particular problem with normal bearings that are always kept parallel, the load of the rotating shaft is always received in line contact, the sliding member is a soft material, and oil is used as a bearing lubricant. However, as mentioned above, the bearings used in hydraulic machinery are river water as the bearing lubricant, so gravel and earth and sand enter the sliding parts between the inner and outer spherical sliding members, and the bearing is in a solid state. May occur and may not operate sufficiently.

That is, in this conventional self-aligning bearing, the inner spherical sliding member does not rotate unless the rotational force of the inner spherical sliding portion due to the inclination of the rotating shaft is larger than the moment due to the frictional force of the spherical sliding portion. Since this is in an astringent state due to gravel and earth and sand, it becomes more difficult to perform the centering action, and there is a dislike that the sliding member is unevenly contacted and the sliding member is damaged.

The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and an object thereof is to provide a bearing that uses a hard material such as a ceramic material as a sliding material and uses river water as a bearing lubricant, that is, a lubricant. It is an object of the present invention to provide a radial slide bearing device of this type in which the bearing can sufficiently follow the inclination of the rotating shaft even if the gravel or the sand contains sand, and the sliding member is not damaged.

[0014]

That is, according to the present invention, a predetermined gap is provided between a sliding member and a bearing base material and between a bearing base material and a bearing case, and an outer peripheral surface of the sliding member is provided. Two cylindrical protrusions having a center of rotation in the direction perpendicular to the center of the rotation shaft are provided at symmetrical positions, and a fitting hole in which the protrusions are loosely fitted on the inner peripheral surface of the bearing base material facing the protrusions. In addition, two cylindrical protrusions having a rotation center in the direction perpendicular to the center of the rotation shaft are provided at symmetrical positions on the outer peripheral surface of the bearing base material at a position perpendicular to the protrusions. In the inner peripheral surface of the bearing case, which is opposed to the above, a fitting hole into which the projection is loosely fitted is provided to achieve the intended purpose.

[0015]

In the bearing device thus formed, when the rotary shaft is tilted, the bearing sliding member and the bearing base material each have two cylindrical protrusions and a line contact portion of the fitting hole as a reference. It freely rotates and follows the inclination of the spindle.

In this case, in particular, the diameter of the cylindrical projection serving as the support shaft can be made relatively smaller than the width of the bearing sliding member because the bearing load is received in line contact, and therefore the sliding between the cylindrical projection and the fitting hole can be achieved. The friction moment due to the movement becomes extremely small,
Even if some gravel or earth and sand intervene between them, they rotate sufficiently, and there are gaps between the sliding member and the bearing base material and between the bearing base material and the bearing case. Therefore, there is no possibility that gravel or soil will be clogged between these and there will be no astringent feeling, and the bearing sliding member will be sensitive to the inclination of the rotating shaft, and therefore the bearing can sufficiently follow the inclination of the shaft. It is possible to obtain this type of bearing device in which the sliding member is not damaged.

[0017]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The present invention will be described in detail with reference to the illustrated embodiments. FIG. 1 shows the bearing device, that is, the bearing device in which river water is used as a lubricant, in a partially broken state.

Reference numeral 4 denotes a bearing case, the bearing base material 3 is arranged on the inner peripheral side of the bearing case, and the bearing base material 3 is provided.
A sliding member 1 made of a hard material such as ceramic is disposed on the inner peripheral side of the.

A gap g ₁ is provided between the sliding member 1 and the bearing base material 3 and between the bearing base material 3 and the bearing case 4, respectively.
g ₂ is provided. The gaps g ₁ and g ₂ are of a size such that they do not come into contact with each other with respect to the rotation (swing) based on the inclination of the rotation axes of the sliding member 1 and the bearing base material 3 and are included in the river water that is the bearing lubricant. It is formed to the size that the gravel being penetrated.

On the outer peripheral surface of the sliding member 1, two cylindrical protrusions 1a having a center in the direction perpendicular to the center of the rotary shaft are attached at symmetrical positions. A fitting hole 3a is formed in the inner surface of the bearing base material 3 facing the protrusion 1a. That is, by fitting the protrusion 1a and the fitting hole 3a, the sliding member 1 is formed on the inner peripheral side of the bearing base material 3 so as to be rotatable around this portion as a fulcrum.

Similarly, on the outer peripheral surface of the bearing base material 3, two cylindrical projections 3b having a center in the direction perpendicular to the center of the rotating shaft are attached at symmetrical positions. Incidentally, what is important here is that the protrusion 3b is provided at a position perpendicular to the above-mentioned protrusion 1a.

The bearing case 4 facing the protrusion 3b
A fitting hole 4a is provided on the inner peripheral surface of this so as to allow this projection to be fitted therein. That is, by fitting the projection 3b and the fitting hole 4a, the bearing base material 3 is rotatably formed on the inner peripheral side of the bearing case 4 with this point as a fulcrum.

The outer bearing case 4 is divided into a plurality of pieces in the circumferential direction and the bearing base material 3 is divided in the axial direction due to the above-mentioned fitting and assembling of the projection 3b and the fitting hole 4a.

Various dividing positions and dividing directions can be considered, but it is preferable to select them in consideration of disassembly and assembly of the bearing and easiness of manufacturing.

With the bearing device thus formed,
When the rotating shaft is tilted with the center of the cylindrical protrusion 1a of the sliding member 1 as a reference, the sliding member 1 rotates about the center of the cylindrical protrusion 1a in the tilted direction of the rotating shaft.

When the rotating shaft is inclined with respect to the center of the cylindrical protrusion 3b of the bearing base material 3, the bearing base material 3 is inclined in the direction in which the rotating shaft is inclined around the center of the cylindrical protrusion 3b. Rotate to.

Further, when the rotating shaft is tilted in any direction, the sliding member 1 and the bearing base material 3 are rotated by the amounts of the cylindrical protrusions 1a and 3b corresponding to the tilt of the rotating shaft, and the inner bearing is rotated. The center of the inner diameter of the case will always coincide with the center of the rotating shaft.

In this case, in particular, the diameter of the columnar protrusion serving as the support shaft can be made relatively smaller than the width of the bearing sliding member because the bearing load is received in line contact, so that the columnar protrusion and the fitting hole slide. The friction moment due to is extremely small, and even if some gravel or earth and sand are interposed between them, it can rotate sufficiently.

Further, as described above, since the gaps are provided between the sliding member 1 and the bearing base material 3 and between the bearing base material 3 and the bearing case 4, respectively. There is no risk of clinging to gravel or earth and sand, and the sliding member 1
The inclination of the rotary shaft is sensitively responded to, so that the bearing sufficiently follows the inclination of the shaft and damage of the sliding member 1 is prevented.

Another example is shown in FIG. In this case, the bearing base material 3 is formed in a double ring shape of the inner bearing base material 3d and the outer bearing base material 3c, and the inner bearing base material 3 is formed.
The sliding member 1 is fixed to the inner peripheral surface of d. In this case, of course, as in the above-described embodiment, between these parts, that is, between the inner bearing base material 3d and the outer bearing base material 3c, and between the outer bearing base material 3c and the bearing case 4,
Cylindrical protrusions 1a and 3b and fitting holes 3a and 4a are provided.

Even if it is formed in this way, the same action and effect as those of the above-mentioned embodiment are obtained, and in this case, since the hard sliding member is not processed with protrusions or the like, its manufacture is easy. Become.

Further, in the case of FIG. 2, a cylindrical needle 6 is provided between the outer peripheral side of the cylindrical projection 1a of the sliding member 1 and the inner peripheral side of the fitting hole 3a of the bearing base material 3, and the inner bearing is provided. Base material 3d
Outer peripheral side of the cylindrical protrusion 3b and the fitting hole 4a of the bearing case 4
A cylindrical needle 7 is provided between the inner peripheral side of the.

That is, the cylindrical projection 3 of the inner bearing base material 3d
a and the fitting hole 3a of the outer bearing base material 3c are in a relationship of rotation shaft and bearing, and the cylindrical needle is provided between the outer peripheral side of the cylindrical protrusion of the inner bearing base material and the inner circumference of the fitting hole of the outer bearing base material. When 6 is provided, the roller bearing has extremely low friction. The same relationship applies to the outer bearing base material 3c and the outer bearing case 4.

Still another embodiment is shown in FIGS. 3 and 4. That is, in this case, it is an example of the bearing device that protects the sliding member when an impact load is applied to the rotating shaft.

Sliding members 8 and 9 are attached via elastic bodies 10 and 11 to the projection fitting portion of the bearing base material 3 which is formed in advance in two parts in the axial direction. Similarly, the sliding members 12 and 1 are also provided in the outer bearing case 4 via the elastic bodies 14 and 15.
3 is attached.

When a shock is applied to the rotary shaft, a shock load is transmitted to the sliding member 1. However, the sliding member 1 and the bearing base material 3
Since elastic bodies 9, 10, 11 are attached to
The sliding member temporarily moves in the direction receiving the impact load. Therefore, the impact load of the sliding member is buffered.

The elastic bodies 13, 14, 15 also have the same function. If the elastic body 11 of the bearing base material and the elastic body 14 of the bearing case are attached, substantially the same effect can be obtained even if the elastic body 10 of the bearing base material and the elastic body 15 of the bearing case are omitted.

FIG. 5 shows another example in which a recess 2 is provided at the center of the end faces of the cylindrical projections 1a and 3b of the sliding member 1 and the bearing base material 3. Thrust loads are applied to the end faces of the cylindrical protrusions 1a and 3b. When the cylindrical protrusions 1a and 3b rotate, the sliding amount is large on the outer diameter side and small on the inner diameter side and does not slide at the center.

Along with this, the amount of wear of the cylindrical projections 1a, 3b is different between the outer peripheral side and the inner peripheral side, and when used for a long period of time, uneven wear occurs and smooth rotation operation becomes impossible.

Therefore, providing the recess 2 at the center of rotation of the end faces of the cylindrical protrusions 1a and 3b is effective because uneven wear is prevented.

FIG. 6 shows the sliding member 1 when the rotary shaft is tilted.
And the movement of the bearing base material 3 are shown. When the rotating shaft (not shown in the figure) and the bearing base material 3 and the bearing case 4 are in the normal positions, the rotating shaft and the bearing base material 3, the bearing The centers of rotation of the cylindrical protrusions 1a and 3b of the case 4 form an orthogonal coordinate system.

When the center of rotation of the rotary shaft is the Z axis, the center of rotation of the cylindrical protrusion 1a of the sliding member is the Y axis, and the center of rotation of the bearing base material 3 is the X axis, the rotary shaft is n ° in any direction. When tilted, the center of the cylindrical protrusion 1a of the sliding member 1 rotates by the angle α ° projected on the ZX plane, and the center of the cylindrical protrusion 3b of the bearing base material rotates by the angle β ° projected on the YZ plane. To do.

As described above, the two members having the axes of rotation that are perpendicular to the axis of rotation and orthogonal to each other adapt to the inclination of the axis of rotation, and the center of the sliding member 1 of the bearing always coincides with the center of the axis of rotation. One-sided contact of the sliding member is prevented.

As described above, in the bearing devices of these embodiments, when the rotating shaft is tilted, the bearing sliding member 1 has two cylindrical projections 1a and 3b and a fitting hole 3.
It is possible to rotate on the basis of the line contact portions a and 4a and sufficiently follow the inclination of the main shaft.

In particular, these two cylindrical protrusions 1a, 3b
The bearing sliding member 1 has a diameter of
Since the frictional moment due to the sliding between the cylindrical protrusion and the fitting hole is extremely small, the bearing sliding member 1 can respond sensitively to the inclination of the rotating shaft. This has the effect of easily preventing one-sided contact between the member and the rotary shaft. In addition, since the protrusions are cylindrical, they are inexpensive and can be manufactured with high precision.

Further, the fitting hole 3a of the bearing base material into which the cylindrical projection 1a of the sliding member fits, and the cylindrical projection 3 of the bearing base material.
When a plurality of needles are provided in the fitting hole 4a of the bearing case into which b is fitted, the friction between the cylindrical projection and the fitting hole becomes rolling friction, which is extremely small friction. The shaft can be adapted to the inclination of the shaft, and the partial contact between the bearing sliding member and the rotating shaft can be completely prevented.

Further, a sliding member and an elastic body are provided in a portion where the cylindrical projection 1a of the sliding member fits and slides, or a portion where the cylindrical projection of the bearing base material fits and slides. When the sliding member and the elastic body are provided, the elastic body acts as a cushioning material for the shock load even if the shock load applied to the rotary shaft acts on the sliding member, and the shock load is absorbed to prevent the sliding member from being damaged. There is.

Further, if a recess is provided in both the sliding member and the end faces of the cylindrical projections 1a and 3b of the bearing base material, or the center of rotation with which the end faces of the bearing base material and the cylindrical projection of the bearing case contact, a cylindrical shape is formed. By the load applied to the end surface of the projection, the wear of the bottom portion of the fitting hole is equalized, and stable rotation can be obtained.

[0049]

As described above, according to the present invention, the bearing sliding member and the bearing base material each freely rotate with reference to the two cylindrical protrusions and the line contact portion of the fitting hole. Follows the inclination of the main axis. In this case, in particular, the diameter of the cylindrical projection that serves as the support shaft can be comparatively smaller than the width of the bearing sliding member because the bearing load is received in line contact, so the friction moment due to the sliding between the projection and the fitting hole is extremely small. Even if some gravel or earth and sand are interposed between them, it will rotate sufficiently,
Further, since there are gaps between the sliding member and the bearing base material and between the bearing base material and the bearing case, respectively, there is no possibility that gravel or earth will be clogged between them, and there will be a firm feeling. The bearing sliding member becomes sensitive to the tilt of the rotating shaft, and therefore, the bearing can sufficiently follow the tilt of the shaft, and it is possible to obtain this type of sliding bearing device without damaging the sliding member. it can.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a partially cutaway perspective view showing an embodiment of a radial plain bearing device of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a vertical sectional side view showing another embodiment of the radial plain bearing device of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a partially cutaway front view showing another embodiment of the radial sliding bearing device of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a sectional view taken along line XX of FIG.

FIG. 5 is a partially cutaway perspective view showing another embodiment of the radial plain bearing device of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a partially cutaway perspective view for explaining an operating state of the radial sliding bearing device of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a vertical sectional side view showing a conventional radial plain bearing device.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 ... Sliding member, 1a ... Cylindrical protrusion, 3 ... Bearing base material, 3a
… Mating hole, 3b… Cylindrical protrusion, 4… Bearing case, 4a…
Fitting hole, 6 ... Needle, 7 ... Needle, 8 ... Sliding member,
9 ... Sliding member, 10 ... Elastic body, 11 ... Elastic body, 12 ... Sliding member, 13 ... Sliding member, 14 ... Elastic body, 15 ... Elastic body, 16 ... Rotating shaft, 17 ... Sliding member, 18 ... Inside spherical sliding member, 19 ... Outside spherical sliding member.

Claims (7)

[Claims] 1. A bearing base material having an annular shape, a sliding member arranged on the inner peripheral side of the bearing base material in a concentric circle shape with the bearing base material, and an outer peripheral side of the bearing base material. And a bearing case supporting a bearing base material, wherein the sliding member is formed of a hard member, and river water is used as a bearing lubricant for the radial sliding bearing device. A predetermined gap is provided between the member and the bearing base material and between the bearing base material and the bearing case, and a rotation center is provided on the outer peripheral surface of the sliding member in a direction perpendicular to the center of the rotation shaft. Two cylindrical projections are provided at symmetrical positions, a fitting hole into which the projections are fitted is provided on the inner peripheral surface of the bearing base material facing the projections, and the outer peripheral surface of the bearing base material is A cylinder whose center of rotation is at a right angle to the protrusion and is perpendicular to the center of the rotation axis. Projections and provided two symmetrical positions, further, the inner peripheral surface of the bearing casing which faces the protrusion, radial sliding bearing device this projection is characterized in that a fitting hole to be loosely fitted. 2. The radial plain bearing device according to claim 1, wherein the bearing base material is formed to be axially dividable into a plurality of pieces, and the bearing case is circumferentially dividable into a plurality of pieces. 3. A bearing base material having an annular shape, a sliding member arranged on the inner peripheral side of the bearing base material in a concentric circle shape with the bearing base material, and an outer peripheral side of the bearing base material. And a bearing case supporting a bearing base material, wherein the sliding member is formed of a hard member, and river water is used as a bearing lubricant for the sliding member. The material is formed in a double ring shape of an inner bearing base material and an outer bearing base material, and the sliding member is fixed to the inner peripheral surface of the inner bearing base material, and the outer bearing base material and the inner bearing A cylinder having a predetermined gap between the base material and between the outer bearing base material and the bearing case, and having a center of rotation on the outer peripheral surface of the inner bearing base material in a direction perpendicular to the center of the rotating shaft. Two protrusions of the same shape are provided at symmetrical positions, and the protrusions of the inner bearing base material are paired with each other. The inner bearing surface of the outer bearing base material is provided with a fitting hole into which the projection of the inner bearing base material is fitted, and the outer peripheral surface of the outer bearing base material is rotated at a position perpendicular to the projection. Two cylindrical protrusions having a center of rotation perpendicular to the axis center are provided at symmetrical positions.Furthermore, the protrusion of the outer bearing base material is provided on the inner peripheral surface of the bearing case facing the protrusion of the outer bearing base material. A radial sliding bearing device characterized by having a fitting hole to be fitted therein. 4. The outer bearing base material and the bearing case are each formed so as to be divided into a plurality of pieces in the circumferential direction.
Radial plain bearing device described. 5. Elasticity is provided in the fitting gap between the protrusion of the inner bearing base material and the fitting hole of the outer bearing base material and in the fitting gap between the protrusion of the outer bearing base material and the fitting hole of the bearing case, respectively. The radial plain bearing device according to claim 2 or 3, wherein a body is interposed. 6. A needle is provided in each of a fitting portion between the protrusion of the inner bearing base material and a fitting hole of the outer bearing base material and a fitting portion between the protrusion of the outer bearing base material and a fitting hole of the bearing case. The radial plain bearing device according to claim 2 or 3, wherein a bearing is provided. 7. The radial plain bearing device according to claim 1, wherein a recess is formed in the center of the end surface of the protrusion of the inner bearing base material and the protrusion of the outer bearing base material.