JPH0712249B2 - Coated seed fertilizer mixture - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Industrial field of application] The present invention relates to a slow-release fertilizer and a seed which are integrated by a coating powder, does not germinate during storage, and is easy to sow. The present invention relates to a coated seed fertilizer mixture that is suitable for sowing, and that germination and growth can be performed extremely well and smoothly even in a lean area without soil covering work and fertilizing work after sowing.

[Conventional technology]

In modern agricultural technology, labor saving and mechanization are progressing, and as one of them, a seeding machine is being developed for the purpose of saving sowing labor. In sowing using this sowing machine, in order to save the seeding amount and to perform the seeding uniformly, it is proposed to increase the bulk of the seed, for example, coating the seed with a material mainly composed of an inorganic substance, , A method of alternately applying a water-soluble binder and a powder material to the surface of seeds is known as one of the methods, and in this case, a water-absorbent resin is used to suppress germination during storage of seeds due to water used for coating. It is also practiced to add powder. In addition, plant fibers are used to increase the strength of the coating and prevent it from breaking.

After sowing, some methods of coexisting fertilizers with seeds have been performed in order to improve initial growth after germination, but in that case, coexistence immediately before sowing does not cause germination damage to seeds. It is possible to consider only the form in which the fertilizer is used or very little fertilizer is added.

[Problems to be solved by the invention]

However, in order to effectively perform sowing, not only stable seeding is performed at a predetermined place, but also it is desired to ensure sound germination and growth after sowing. This is particularly desirable in an environment that is less preferred for plants that require less labor than general cultivated land with good seeding conditions.

In order to promote the healthy growth of the plant after sowing, it is necessary to supply the fertilizer components at an early stage and, if possible, to cover the seed, and to put a powder having a function as so-called soil cover in coexistence with the seed. This is desirable for mechanical sowing, especially for sowing from high places such as spraying from aircraft, but with the conventional technology, although the seed was bulky and easy to handle, the specific gravity was smaller than that of normal fertilizer, It was extremely difficult to spray fertilizer and seeds sufficient for growth after germination at the same time and on the same place.

[Means for solving problems]

The present inventors can perform sowing from a high place and fertilization at the same time, are not easily broken during transportation or mechanical sowing, do not worry about germination even during storage, and after seeding germination with little moisture even if there is no soil cover. After that, a seed fertilizer complex having good growth thereafter was examined, and the present invention was completed by the following method.

That is, the present invention is a structure in which the periphery of slowly-released fertilizer particles whose physical dissolution is controlled is coated with a powder containing seeds,
The fertilizer particles, seeds, and powder are bound together with an aqueous solution of a water-soluble binder, and the powder is composed of a component having a function of absorbing and retaining water and a clay-like component. A coated seed fertilizer mixture, characterized in that the seed and the coated powder are in a ratio of 1: 2 to 20 by weight and a ratio of 1: 2 to 10 in weight.

The coated seed fertilizer mixture of the present invention has a slowly-acting fertilizer particle whose elution is physically controlled as a core and has a coating powder layer around the core, and the seed is contained in the coating powder layer. The particles have a structure, and the structure includes the following two. That is, the particle structure in which the slow-release fertilizer particles with the seeds attached to the surface are covered with the powder coating layer, and the slow-release fertilizer particles are covered with the powder coating layer in which the seeds are scattered. There are two types of particle structure.

In the present invention, the seed refers to all seeds of plants and trees.

The slow-release fertilizer particles with physically controlled elution in the present invention means a granular material of a fertilizer mainly composed of a water-soluble salt, which is coated with a film mainly composed of an olefin polymer or / and an olefin copolymer. It is a granular one, and fertilizer components are gradually eluted through the coating film in the presence of water, and it is a coated fertilizer used for plants, for example, Japanese Patent Application Nos. 61-59546 and 61-75089. Are described in the specification, etc.

Although the ratio of seed to fertilizer varies depending on the type of seed and fertilizer, it is desirable that the amount of fertilizer is usually about 2 to 20 times the weight of the seed.

The coated seed fertilizer mixture of the present invention is that seeds and fertilizers coexist stably during transportation or spraying, and water used together with the binder does not cause germination of seeds during storage or elution of fertilizers. Therefore, it is necessary that the effect of water is inactivated, that after sowing, there is no need for covering with soil and that water absorption is good, for this purpose, seeds and fertilizer are powdered. It is necessary to coat with.

Desirable powders having such a function are those that take in water as water of crystallization, those that stably retain water and the like. For example, a hemihydrate of calcium sulfate is used as a base material, and a clay substance such as bentonite, illite, vermiculite or kaolin, peat moss and a water absorbent resin are contained in the base material.

Further, it is necessary to use powder or the like in a proportion of the powder which is approximately 2 to 10 times the weight of the seed.

The binder used in the present invention is a water-soluble binder, and for example, polyvinyl alcohol, starch, methyl cellulose and the like are desirable, and they are used in the form of an aqueous solution.

The coated seed fertilizer mixture according to the invention is spherical and has a diameter of 3 mm.
The above is preferable, and the number of seeds contained in one particle of the coated seed fertilizer mixture may be 1 or more, but usually 2
About 10 grains are preferable.

〔Example〕

 Next, examples will be shown.

Example 1 A coated seed fertilizer mixture was prepared by the following method using a coating device for sugar coating.

7.5 parts by weight of Italian ryegrass seeds were put in a coating device for sugar coating, a small amount of a 2% aqueous solution of polyvinyl alcohol was sprayed thereon, and then 37.6 parts by weight of a slow-release coated fertilizer (manufacturing method and specifications are described later) was added and mixed well. Next, add 37.6 parts by weight of plaster of gypsum, 1.9 parts by weight of bentonite, 0.4 parts by weight of water-absorbent resin, and while rotating, add a 2% aqueous solution of polyvinyl alcohol (15.0 parts by weight including the amount sprayed on the seeds). The coating was applied while spraying.

Hard product can be obtained without drying, 3 in 1 grain
〜7 seeds and diameter 4mm or more yield is 80
%Met.

When this was sown on the surface of the soil that had been drained in advance, and the germination and subsequent growth were compared with untreated seeds, the germination was almost the same, but the subsequent growth was superior in the test plots. . Moreover, the product was well resistant to spraying from high places and did not germinate during storage.

The coated fertilizer was manufactured as follows. Phosphorus Akari (N
-P ₂ O ₅ -K ₂ O: 15-15-15 (weight ratio), grain size 2.5 mm pass, 1.5 mm stop) using a jet type coating device as polyethylene, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, A mixture consisting of talc, perchlorethylene as the solvent, and a surfactant as the dissolution regulator were used for coating treatment, and the 80% dissolution rate in nitrogen at 25 ° C in soil reached 360%.
The day one was prepared.

Example 2 Using the same device as in Example 1, a coated seed fertilizer mixture was prepared by the following method. According to the method of Example 1, the grain size is 2.8 m.
38.5 parts by weight of m-pass, 3.8 mm-stop coated fertilizer was granulated, and 7.6 parts by weight of medhagi seeds and 38.5 parts by weight of hemihydrate of calcium sulfate were added to this, and a 2% aqueous solution of polyvinyl alcohol as a binder 15.4 A coating treatment was performed using 1 part by weight to obtain a coated seed fertilizer mixture of about 5 mm or more containing 3 to 7 seeds per grain. Like the product of Example 1, this product had good germination properties and good growth thereafter.

Example 3 A coated seed fertilizer mixture was prepared under the following composition by a static molding method using a molding frame.

Seeds (Italian ryegrass) 7.5 parts by weight Coated fertilizer (same as in Example 1) 22.6 〃 calcined gypsum 37.7 〃 bentonite 1.9 〃 After mixing the above 6 kinds of materials, it was molded using a frame to a thickness of 7.5 cm. After curing, it was dried at 30 ° C., a part of water was removed, and then pulverized to obtain a coated seed fertilizer mixture containing about 5 to 10 seeds per grain.

When the seeds were sown on the soil surface that had been moistened in advance, and the germination and the subsequent growth were examined, a higher germination rate and a vigorous growth thereafter were observed as compared with the untreated seed.

〔The invention's effect〕

In the coated seed fertilizer mixture according to the present invention, simultaneous spraying of seed and fertilizer is achieved, labor can be saved, and fertilizer and coating powder etc. increase the specific gravity of the seed to facilitate sowing. It is extremely suitable for sowing from high altitudes, and the nutrients are gradually supplied from coexisting fertilizers.
It is possible to achieve various effects such as quickening the growth after germination and being effective for early greening.

Claims (5)

[Claims] 1. A structure comprising a slowly-released fertilizer particle, the elution of which is controlled, coated with a powder containing seed, wherein the fertilizer particle, the seed and the powder are bound by a water-soluble bond. Made of an aqueous solution of the agent, the powder is composed of a component having a function of absorbing and retaining water and a clay-like component, and the seed and the slow-release fertilizer particles are in a ratio of 1: 2 to 20 by weight, and the seed and the coated powder. Body and weight are 1: 2
A coated seed fertilizer mixture, characterized in that it is in a ratio of ~ 10. 2. The coated seed fertilizer mixture according to claim 1, wherein the seeds adhere to the surface of the slow-release fertilizer particles. 3. The coated seed fertilizer mixture according to claim 1, wherein the seeds are scattered in the coated powder layer. 4. The water-soluble binder is polyvinyl alcohol,
Patents that are starch or methylcellulose, and the powder contains at least one of calcium sulfate hemihydrate as a base material, and clay minerals such as bentonite, illite, vermiculite and kaolin, peat moss and water absorbent resin. The coated seed fertilizer mixture according to claim 1. 5. A slow-release fertilizer particle with physically controlled elution is a mixture of particles of phosphorous nitrate and potassium fertilizer on the surface of which polyethylene, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer and talc are mixed,
Claims 1 and 2 which are coated with perchlorethylene as a solvent and a surfactant as an elution control agent.
The coated seed fertilizer mixture according to the item.