JPH07121171A - Electronic musical instrument - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To provide the electronic musical instrument which can play music without any limitation while properly displaying functions allocated to playing operation elements. CONSTITUTION:When there is a New key ON event on a lower keyboard, W=1; if that is right after a free-session mode is set, an advance from SE2 to SE4 is made, then an automatic accompaniment start process is performed (SE5), and a register W is reset (SE6). The register W is reset in SE6, so a sounding process is performed thereafter in SE3 when there is a New key ON event on the lower keyboard or in SE8 when there is a New key ON event on an upper keyboard. Therefore, a musical sound is generated by the sounding process similarly to a state wherein a normal mode is set irrelevantly to which of the lower and upper keyboard, there is the New key ON event on.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an electronic musical instrument that assigns a function other than a performance function to a performance operator.

2. Description of the Related Art As a conventional electronic musical instrument, one having a function called a free session is known. This electronic musical instrument stores automatic accompaniment data composed of chord progression data, chord patterns, bass patterns, rhythm patterns, etc. for each rhythm style such as rock, disco, and 16 beats. The chord progression data is C,
It is data indicating a code for each bar, such as Am ... G7. The chord pattern is composed of data representing the accompaniment tone to be generated with a pitch difference from a certain reference pitch, and data indicating the tone generation timing. Then, when the free session switch is operated to set the free session mode, the keyboard is split from the position corresponding to the specified pitch to the upper and lower keyboards, the upper keyboard has the performance function, and the lower keyboard has the performance function. The key (key) designation function is assigned.

When any of the keys constituting the lower keyboard is operated in this free session mode, the key (key) corresponding to the pitch of the operated key without being pronounced is designated,
And the automatic accompaniment is started. When the chord progression data is sequentially read during the execution of the automatic accompaniment, the chord indicated by the read chord progression data is transposed to the key (key) designated by the operation of the lower keyboard. Further, the pitch of the accompaniment tones that form the chord pattern is shifted based on the transposed chords, so that the accompaniment tones having the pitch corresponding to the key designated by the operation of the lower keyboard in advance have the above-mentioned sounding timing. Occur. Also,
At the same time, a bass sound based on the bass pattern and a rhythm sound based on the rhythm pattern are generated. Therefore, if an upper accompaniment is operated and a melody is played while an automatic accompaniment consisting of an accompaniment sound having a pitch corresponding to these designated keys, a bass sound, and a rhythm sound is generated, an accompaniment that matches the key of the melody. It is possible to generate a song consisting of and melody.

Incidentally, when the free session mode is released and the normal mode is set, the performance function is assigned to the entire keyboard area. Of course, when the upper keyboard is operated, it goes without saying that when the lower keyboard is operated. Even if there is, a musical tone with a pitch corresponding to the operated key is generated.

[0004]

However, in such a conventional electronic musical instrument, when the free session mode is set, even if the lower keyboard is operated and the key (key) is specified, The keyboard is left in the state where the key designating function is still assigned, so that the tone generation processing is not executed even if the lower keyboard is operated. For this reason, the keyboard range that can be played is limited to the upper keyboard only, and the entire keyboard range cannot be used for playing as in the normal mode. As a result, the musical range of the musical composition that can be played is limited, and the musical composition that can be played with the accompaniment of the specified key is also limited.

An object of the present invention is to provide an electronic musical instrument which can perform a performance without being restricted, while properly exhibiting the function assigned to the performance operator.

[0006]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In order to solve the problems, according to the present invention, a performance operator and a tone generation process for executing a tone generation process in a first mode in response to an operation of the performance operator. Means, a function processing means for executing a predetermined processing other than the sound generation processing in response to an operation of the performance operator in the second mode, and the predetermined processing in the second mode by the function processing means. When the above is completed, there is a mode forming means for forming the first mode.

[0007]

In the above structure, when the performance operator is operated in the first mode, the sound producing processing means executes sound producing processing in response to the operation, and the sound producing processing produces a musical tone. Also,
When the performance operator is operated in the second mode, the function processing means executes a predetermined process other than the sounding process in response to this operation. Then, when the processing by the function processing means is completed in this second mode, the mode forming means forms the first mode, so that a musical tone is generated by the sound generation processing in response to the operation of the performance operator.

[0008]

An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. That is, FIG. 2 is a plan view of an electronic musical instrument to which the present invention is applied. The musical instrument body 10 is provided with a keyboard 11. It is composed of the upper keyboard 13. Further, the musical instrument body 10 is provided with a normal SW 14 and a free session SW 15, and LED-1 and LED-2 are arranged above the SWs 14 and 15, respectively. Operation information of the keyboard switches, etc., provided for each of the SWs 14 and 15 and the keys of both keyboards 11, is shown in the overall block diagram of FIG.
Entered in. The CPU 3 uses the L that constitutes the display unit 2.
It not only executes all the controls necessary for realizing the functions of this electronic musical instrument, such as the control of ED-1 and LED-2 and automatic accompaniment, without using the tone generator circuit hardware for tone generation. It also executes the process of generating musical tones by program control.

That is, in the ROM 4, together with the overall processing program shown by the main routine described later,
A sound source processing program indicated by a timer interrupt routine is stored, and further, various tone control parameters such as envelope data (rate, level, etc.), pitch data, PCM waveform data, automatic accompaniment data, etc. are stored. . The pitch data is an address addition value when reading the waveform data. When the keyboard switch is turned on by pressing a key or when the automatic accompaniment data is read, the pitch data corresponding to the pitch is obtained. The waveform start address, waveform end address, and waveform loop address are set in the intermediate data storage area prepared in the RAM 5 for working.

As shown in FIG. 3, the automatic accompaniment data is composed of chord sequence data (chord progress data), chord pattern, bass pattern, and rhythm pattern.
It is stored for each rhythm style such as rock, disco and 16 beats. Code sequence data is C, Am
... This is data indicating a code for each bar, such as G7. The chord pattern is composed of data representing the accompaniment tone to be generated with a pitch difference from a certain reference pitch, and data indicating the tone generation timing.

On the other hand, in the RAM 5, musical tone waveform data of each channel generated by the sound source processing in the timer interrupt routine (accumulated waveform value for 8 channels).
An accumulation register R for temporarily storing is provided. The musical tone waveform data generated by the timer interrupt routine is latched by a latch A which operates in response to a signal COM from a control unit such as an instruction decoder (not shown) in the CPU 3, and is input to a latch B. . The latch B operates at the timing according to the frequency fs of the signal INT requesting the execution of the timer interrupt routine. This signal INT
Is usually 40KH, which is divided by the hard clock
Since the signal is a stable signal of about z, the musical tone waveform data is output from the latch B to the D / A converter 6 at a constant sampling cycle depending on the frequency fs of INT.

The timer interrupt routine is I
The main routine is interrupted and executed at regular time intervals according to the frequency of NT, but the timing at which the timer interrupt routine is actually started and the timing at which it is ended may vary. That is, the CPU 3 cannot immediately interrupt the operation being executed even if an interrupt occurs, and the interrupt process is started after the execution is completed. Further, the time required for the timer interrupt process also depends on the process, and therefore the generation period of the musical tone waveform data becomes unstable. Therefore, the CO
Between the latch A controlled by the M signal and the D / A converter 6, a latch B controlled by the INT which is an accurate timing signal is provided. As a result, even if the latch timing of the latch A fluctuates due to the processing time of the interrupt process or the like, the timing at which the input data of the D / A converter 6 is switched is synchronized with INT due to the existence of the latch B that operates at the INT timing. To do. That is, a signal delayed by one INT cycle is input to the D / A converter 6 at the INT timing and converted into an analog signal. The D /
The voice waveform signal analog-converted by the A converter 6 is
The sound is filtered by the low-pass filter 7, then amplified by the amplifier 8 and emitted through the speaker 9.

Further, various registers shown in FIG. 4 are prepared in the RAM 5. That is, the register F is 1
It is composed of bits, and "0" indicates that the normal mode is set, and "1" indicates that the free session mode is set. The register W is also composed of 1 bit, and is set at the same time when the free session mode is set as described later, and is reset when the lower keyboard 12 is first operated in the free session mode. Register KEY is one octave 12
Of the various note names, in free session mode,
Any note name corresponding to the key operated first on the lower keyboard 12 is stored. Therefore, the register KEY is composed of 4 bits in order to store any of these 12 kinds of note names.

Next, the operation of this embodiment having the above configuration will be described with reference to the flow chart showing the outline of the program executed by the CPU 3. That is, FIG. 5 is a main routine showing an overall processing program of the present embodiment, which is started when power is turned on, and first, initialization processing (SA1) is performed to clear a register group provided in the RAM 5. Next, the switch unit 1
The function switches such as the normal SW 14 and the free session SW 15 other than the keyboard switch provided in the above are scanned (SA2), the function switch changed from the previous state is identified by the scan result in this SA2, and the corresponding processing is performed. Perform (SA3). Then, the keyboard switch in the switch unit 1 is scanned (SA4), and this S
Corresponding processing such as note-on and note-off is performed according to the scan result in A4 (SA5). Furthermore, SA
3 and SA5, other processing is executed (SA6), and while the power is on, SA2-
The process of SA6 is repeated.

A sound source processing program (timer interrupt routine) shown in FIG. 6 is executed by interrupting the main routine at a timing according to the frequency fs of the signal INT, that is, every 1 / fs seconds. SB1) is performed. The sound source processing (SB1) is executed according to the flow shown in FIG. 7, and first, the accumulation register R provided in the RAM 5 is cleared (SC1).
As a result, 1ch-8 stored in the previous sound source processing
After deleting the accumulated waveform values up to ch, sound source processing for all channels from 1ch to 8ch is sequentially executed (SC2-
SC9).

That is, in SC2, the waveform value of 1ch is obtained, and this is set in R, and in SC3, 2ch is similarly set.
The waveform value of is calculated and accumulated in R. Furthermore, SC4 and S
In C5, waveform values of 3ch and 4ch are sequentially accumulated to the value of R accumulated in the previous step. Therefore, when the processing of SC9 is completed, the accumulated waveform values of 1ch to 8ch are stored in R. Then, the accumulated waveform value stored in this R is latched in the latch A at SB2 in FIG. 6, whereby the accumulated waveform of 1ch to 8ch is latched at the timing at which the sound source processing (SB1) ends. The value is latched. Further, the accumulated waveform value latched by the latch A is latched by the latch B with an accurate constant sampling period which is divided and generated by the hard clock as described above.
Is latched in and is input to the A / D converter 6 and converted into an analog value, whereby a tone without distortion is emitted from the speaker 9.

On the other hand, in SA3 of FIG. 5, a part of the processing is executed according to the flow shown in FIG. That is,
In the flow shown in FIG. 8, it is determined whether the free session SW 15 is operated based on the scan result of the function switch (SD1), and if operated, it is determined whether the register F is in the set state. (SD2). If the register F is already in the set state, SD3 to SD5
If the register F is in the reset state without proceeding to step 6 and the registers F and W are set (SD3). Therefore, immediately after the free session SW 15 is operated to set the free session mode, F = 1 and W = 1. Subsequently, the LED-1 is turned off (SD4), the LED-2 is turned on (SD5), and the lighting of the LED-2 indicates the setting of the free session mode.

Further, in SD6, it is determined whether or not the normal SW 14 has been operated, and if so, whether or not the register F is in the set state is similarly determined (SD7). If the register F is in the reset state, SD8 to SD
If the register F is in the set state without proceeding to the process of 10, the registers F and W are reset (SD8). Therefore, when the normal SW 14 is operated to set the normal mode, F = 0 and W = 0. Then, turn off LED-2 (S
D9), LED-1 is turned on (SD10), LED-
Illumination of 1 indicates the normal mode setting.

In SA5 of FIG. 5, a part of the processing is executed according to the flow shown in FIG.
It is determined whether or not there is a New key on in 2 (SE
1). If there is, it is determined whether or not the register W is in the set state (SE2), and if the register W is in the reset state, sound generation processing is executed (SE3). By this sound generation process, a musical tone having a pitch corresponding to the key operated on the lower keyboard 12 and a volume corresponding to the velocity is generated from the speaker 9 as described above. Also, lower keyboard 1
When there is no New key-on in 2 and after the sounding process of SE2 is performed, the process proceeds to SE7 and the upper keyboard 13
It is determined whether or not there is a New key on, and if there is, a sounding process is similarly executed (SE8).

That is, when the normal mode is set and the register W is reset by the processing in SD8 of FIG. 8, when the New key on of the lower keyboard 12 is present, SE
If there is a New key on of the upper keyboard 13 in step 3, S
At E8, the tone generation processing is executed. Therefore, in the state where the normal mode is set, regardless of whether the lower keyboard 13 or the upper keyboard 14 is operated, a musical sound is generated by the sound generation processing in the corresponding step, and thus the keyboard 1
The entire area of 1 can be used for playing.

However, when there is a New key-on on the lower keyboard 12, if W = 1, the process proceeds from SE2 to SE4. Here, the register W is set immediately after the free session SW 15 is operated and the free session mode is set in SD3 of FIG. 8 described above, and is reset at SE6 to be described later in this flow. Therefore, the case where W = 1 and the process proceeds from SE2 to SE4 is the case where the first key-on is made on the lower keyboard 12 after the free session mode is set. Then, after the free session mode is set in this way, when there is the first key-on on the lower keyboard 12, the note name of the New key-on is stored in the register KEY (S).
E4). Then, the automatic accompaniment start process is executed (SE5), and the register W is reset (SE
6).

By the automatic accompaniment start processing of SE5, the chord sequence data shown in FIG. 3 is sequentially read out, and the chord indicated by the read chord sequence data corresponds to the note name stored in KEY at SE4. The key is transposed. In addition, the chord pattern is sequentially read out together with the chord sequence data, and the pitch of the accompaniment tones that compose the chord pattern is shifted based on the transposed chords to be processed. As a result, the accompaniment sound corresponding to the key designated by the operation on the lower keyboard 12 in advance is generated at the sounding timing indicated by the chord pattern. Further, the bass pattern and the rhythm pattern are also sequentially read out and subjected to sound generation processing, and the bass sound based on the bass pattern and the rhythm sound based on the rhythm pattern are simultaneously generated.

Further, since the register W is reset at SE6, if the New key-on is present on the lower keyboard 12, SE3 is carried out, and if the New key-on is provided on the upper keyboard 13, SE8 is carried out. The pronunciation process is executed respectively. Therefore, as in the state where the normal mode is set,
Whether the lower keyboard 13 or the upper keyboard 14 is operated, a musical sound is generated by the sound generation processing in the corresponding step. Therefore, the whole area of the keyboard 11 can be used to perform a performance without being restricted in a musical range, and the melody generated by this performance and an automatic accompaniment of a key (key) specified in advance corresponding to the melody. Music can be generated.

[0024]

As described above, according to the present invention, if a predetermined process other than the sounding process in response to the operation of the performance operator is completed, the sounding process is executed in response to the operation of the performance operator. I chose Therefore, after the predetermined processing is completed, the musical tone can be generated without being restricted by the sound generation processing in response to the operation of the performance operator, and thus the function by the predetermined processing other than the sound generation processing can be properly performed. You can play the performance without any restrictions while making it perform.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing an overall structure of an electronic musical instrument to which an embodiment of the present invention is applied.

FIG. 2 is an external plan view of the electronic musical instrument according to the embodiment.

FIG. 3 is a conceptual diagram showing a part of automatic accompaniment data stored in a part of a ROM.

FIG. 4 is a diagram showing registers provided in a RAM.

FIG. 5 is a flowchart showing a main routine.

FIG. 6 is a flowchart showing a timer interrupt routine.

FIG. 7 is a flowchart showing the contents of sound source processing in a timer interrupt routine.

8 is a flowchart showing a part of the processing of SA3 in the main routine shown in FIG.

FIG. 9 is a flowchart showing a part of processing of SA5 in the same main routine.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Switch Section 3 CPU 4 ROM 5 RAM 12 Lower Keyboard 13 Upper Keyboard 14 Normal SW 15 Free Session SW

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A performance operator, in a first mode, a sound generation processing means for executing sound generation processing in response to an operation of the performance operator, and in a second mode, in response to an operation of the performance operator. And a function processing unit that executes a predetermined process other than the sound generation process, and a mode forming unit that forms the first mode when the predetermined process in the second mode is completed by the function processing unit, An electronic musical instrument characterized by having. 2. The predetermined process is a process of designating a key of an automatic accompaniment piece to be generated according to a pitch indicated by the performance operator operated in the second mode. The electronic musical instrument according to claim 1.