JPH07152372A - Playing device - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To provide a playing device in which one key playing is easily made. CONSTITUTION:In an SF3, data (ADR) stored in an address ADR indicated by a current value of a register ADR are stored in a register P. In an SF6, data (ADR), which are stored in the address ADR indicated by a current value of the register ADR that is incremented, are set in a time T. Whenever the timer T becomes '0', (every time a note length time corresponding to one note is lapsed) pitch data (P) corresponding to a next note are successively set to a register P and note length data (T) corresponding to the same note are successivley set to a timer T. Thus, automatic playing data of a selected music are successively read employing this flow and an automatic playing of the music progresses internally. When a one key SW is operated, a sound is instructed with the pitch specified by the pitch data stored in the P register.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a performance device that can be played by so-called one-key play.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art As a conventional playing device, an electronic musical instrument which can be played by one-key play is known. This electronic musical instrument is provided with a single one-key SW, and pitch data that forms a predetermined melody is stored in the order of addresses. When the user operates the one-key SW, the pitch data is sequentially read out at the timing of the operation, and the sound generation processing is performed. Therefore, if the user operates the one-key SW at the sounding timing of the melody, musical tones having pitches forming the melody are sequentially generated at the sounding timing of the melody for each operation, and the predetermined melody is generated by the sequentially generated musical sounds. It is formed. Therefore, even if a difficult keyboard operation is not performed, a melody performance can be easily performed by simply operating a single one-key SW at the sounding timing of the melody.

[0003]

As described above, in the conventional electronic musical instrument, only the pitch data forming the melody is stored, and the pitch data is sequentially read at the operation timing of the one-key SW to perform the tone generation processing. Is configured to. Therefore, one-key SW can be used without timing errors.
When is correctly operated in accordance with the sounding timing of the melody, a predetermined melody is formed by the musical sound generated based on the pitch data read at each operation timing.

However, for example, if the timing error operation such as the operation of the one-key SW occurs even when the melody is not sounded, it is confusing, and after that, the one-key SW is operated at the correct timing. Will not be possible. Therefore, in order to play the melody to the end by the one-key play, the one-key SW can be played at the melody sounding timing without an erroneous operation in the middle.
Had to be operated, which was difficult for a beginner.

An object of the present invention is to provide a performance device which facilitates performance by one-key play.

[0006]

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, according to the present invention, a storage means for storing automatic performance data constituting music and a reading means for sequentially reading out the automatic performance data from the storage means. And a manual operator operated by the user, and a sounding instruction means for issuing a sounding instruction based on the automatic performance data read by the reading means when the manual operator is operated. .

[0007]

In the above structure, the reading means sequentially reads the automatic performance data stored in the storage means. Therefore, by reading the automatic performance data by the reading means, the automatic performance internally progresses in a state where no sound is produced. go. Then, when the user operates the manual operator in the state where the automatic performance is internally progressing in this way, the sounding means gives a sounding instruction based on the automatic performance data read by the reading means. Therefore, it goes without saying that the user operates the manual control at the correct timing that matches the sound generation timing of the music. The pitch of the based musical tone changes depending on the automatic performance that is internally progressing.

[0008]

An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. That is, FIG. 2 is a plan view of a main part of an electronic musical instrument to which the present invention is applied.
2 and start / stop SW3 are provided. Operation information of each of the SWs 2 and 3, and a keyboard switch or the like provided for each key of the keyboard (not shown) is input from the switch unit 4 to the CPU 5 in the overall block diagram shown in FIG. The CPU 5 not only executes all the controls necessary for realizing the functions of the electronic musical instrument such as one-key play, but also generates a musical tone by program control without using tone generator circuit hardware for musical tone generation. Also run.

That is, in the ROM 6, together with the overall processing program shown by the main routine described later,
A sound source processing program indicated by a timer interrupt routine is stored, and further, various tone control parameters such as envelope data (rate, level, etc.), pitch data, PCM waveform data, automatic accompaniment data, etc. are stored. . The pitch data is an address addition value when reading the waveform data, and is the pitch of the musical tone to be generated when the keyboard switch is turned on by pressing a key or when the one-key SW1 is operated. The pitch data, the waveform start address, the waveform end address, and the waveform loop address corresponding to are set in the intermediate data storage area prepared in the working RAM 7.

The RAM 7 is provided with an accumulation register R for temporarily storing the musical tone waveform data of each channel (accumulated waveform value for 8 channels) generated by the sound source processing in the timer interrupt routine. The musical tone waveform data generated by the timer interrupt routine is a signal CO from a control unit in the CPU 5 including an instruction decoder (not shown) or the like.
Latch A operated in response to M, latch B
Entered in. The latch B operates at a timing according to the frequency fs of the signal INT requesting execution of the timer interrupt routine. This signal INT is a stable signal of about 40 KHz, which is generated by frequency division by a hard clock, and therefore the latch B outputs INT.
The musical tone waveform data is output to the D / A converter 8 at a constant sampling period depending on the frequency fs.

The timer interrupt routine is I
The main routine is interrupted and executed at regular time intervals according to the frequency of NT, but the timing at which the timer interrupt routine is actually started and the timing at which it is ended may vary. That is, the CPU 5 cannot immediately interrupt the operation being executed even if an interrupt occurs, and the interrupt process is started after the execution is completed. Further, the time required for the timer interrupt process also depends on the process, and therefore the generation period of the musical tone waveform data becomes unstable. Therefore, the above CO
Between the latch A controlled by the M signal and the D / A converter 8, a latch B controlled by the above-mentioned INT which is an accurate timing signal is provided. As a result, even if the latch timing of the latch A fluctuates due to the processing time of the interrupt processing or the like, the timing at which the input data of the D / A converter 8 is switched is synchronized with INT due to the existence of the latch B operating at the INT timing. To do. That is, a signal delayed by one INT cycle is input to the D / A converter 8 at the INT timing and converted into analog. The D /
The voice waveform signal analog-converted by the A converter 8 is
The sound is filtered by the low-pass filter 9, amplified by the amplifier 10, and then emitted through the speaker 11.

In a part of the ROM 6, as shown in FIG.
The automatic performance data that constitutes the melody of the songs A, B, ... Is stored for each song. The automatic performance data is composed of pitch data (P) indicating the pitch of a musical tone to be pronounced and note length data (T) indicating the pitch alternately stored in an address order. The data (P) and the note length data (T) correspond to one note forming a melody. Further, END data indicating the end of the music is stored at the final address of the area where the automatic performance data of each music is stored. The note length data (T) is stored as a value in which the quarter note length is "24". Therefore, each note is represented by the following note length data, and the 96th note length is the minimum unit. .

96th notes ... 1 48th notes ... 2 24th notes ... 4 12th notes ... 8 8th notes ... 12 4th notes ... 24 2nd notes ... .48 whole notes ... 96 Next, regarding the operation of the present embodiment according to the above configuration, C
A description will be given according to the flowchart showing the outline of the program executed by the PU 5. That is, FIG. 4 is a main routine showing an overall processing program of the present embodiment, which is started when power is turned on, and first, initialization processing (SA1) is performed to clear the register group provided in the RAM 7. Next, the function switches other than the keyboard switch provided in the switch unit 4 such as the one-key SW2 and the start / stop SW3 are scanned (SA
2) The function switch that has changed from the previous state is identified based on the scan result in SA2, and the corresponding process is performed (SA3). Subsequently, the keyboard switch in the switch unit 4 is scanned (SA4), and corresponding processing such as note-on and note-off is performed according to the scan result in SA4 (SA5). Further, other processing than that executed in SA3 and SA5 is executed (SA6), and thereafter, while the power is on, SA2 to SA2.
The process of 6 is repeated. The sound source processing program (timer interrupt routine) shown in FIG. 5 is executed by interrupting the main routine at a timing according to the frequency fs of the signal INT, that is, every 1 / fs seconds.
Sound source processing (SB1) is performed. It should be noted that this timer interrupt routine has a priority of 1 and is executed with the highest priority over other timer interrupt routines described later. The sound source processing (SB1) is executed according to the flow shown in FIG. 6, and first, the accumulation register R provided in the RAM 5 is cleared (SC1). As a result, the accumulated waveform values of 1ch to 8ch stored in the previous sound source processing are deleted, and then the sound source processing of all channels of 1ch to 8ch is sequentially executed (SC2 to SC9). That is, in SC2, the waveform value of 1ch is obtained and set in R, and in SC3, the waveform value of 2ch is similarly obtained and accumulated in R. Further, in SC4 and SC5, waveform values of 3ch and 4ch are sequentially accumulated to the value of R accumulated in the previous step. Therefore, when the processing of SC9 is completed, the accumulated waveform values of 1ch to 8ch are stored in R. Then, the accumulated waveform value stored in this R is latched in the latch A at SB2 in FIG. 6, whereby the accumulated waveform of 1ch to 8ch is latched at the timing at which the sound source processing (SB1) ends. The value is latched. Further, the accumulated waveform value latched in the latch A is latched in the latch B with an accurate constant sampling period divided and generated by the hard clock as described above.
It is input to the / D converter 8 and converted into an analog value, whereby a musical sound without distortion is emitted from the speaker 11.

Further, the timer process (timer interrupt routine) of FIG. 7 has a lower priority than the above-mentioned timer interrupt routine, and is executed every time a 96th note length, which is the minimum unit of the note length data, elapses. Then, it is determined whether or not the flag F is in the set state (SD
1) When the flag F is in the set state and the automatic performance is being executed internally as will be described later, the timer T is decremented (SD2).
During the execution of the internal automatic performance, it counts down at 96th note time intervals.

On the other hand, in SA3 of FIG. 4, a part of the processing is executed according to the flow shown in FIGS. That is, in the flow shown in FIG. 8, it is determined whether or not the start / stop SW3 has been operated based on the scan result of the function switch (SE1), and if so, whether or not the register F is in the reset state. Discriminate (SE
2). If the register F is in the reset state, it is set (SE3), and if it is in the set state, it is reset (SE4). Therefore, the register F changes each time the start / stop SW3 is operated, and the register F
Whenever there is a change in, the processing of SE5 to SE7 is performed. That is, the start address of any of the songs A, B, ... Currently selected by the operation of the song selection switch (not shown), that is, the start address of the area in which the automatic performance data of the selected song is stored, is registered. Set to ADR (SE5),
Subsequently, the register P and the timer T are reset (S
E6, SE7).

Further, in the flow shown in FIG. 9, it is determined whether or not the register F is in the set state (SF1), and if it is in the reset state, this flow is passed without executing the subsequent determination processing. To do. When the register F is in the set state, it is determined whether or not the timer T is "0" (SF2), and when it is not "0", this flow is similarly executed without executing the subsequent determination processing. pass. Therefore, the processing after SF3 is executed every time the timer T becomes "0" while the register F is set.

Then, in SF3, the data stored in the address ADR indicated by the current value of the register ADR (AD
R) is stored in the register P, and it is determined whether the data stored in the register P is END data (SF).
4). If it is not END data, the register ADR is incremented (SF5), and the data (ADR) stored in the address ADR indicated by the incremented register ADR is set in the timer T (SF6), and then the register ADR is further set. Is incremented (SF7).

Therefore, according to the flow shown in FIG.
Every time the timer T becomes “0”, that is, every time a note corresponding to one note elapses, the pitch data (P) corresponding to the next note is stored in the register P by the timer T. Is set to note length data (T) corresponding to the same note. Therefore, according to this flow, the automatic performance data of the selected music piece is sequentially read out, whereby the automatic performance of the music piece progresses internally. And SF3
Is E, which is the final data in the automatic performance data of the song.
When the ND data is stored in the register P and the internal automatic performance of the music is completed by this, SF4 to S in FIG.
Proceed to E4, execute the above-mentioned steps SE5-SE7,
Form a state where internal automatic performance can start from the beginning of the song.

Further, in the flow shown in FIG. 10, it is determined whether or not the one-key SW2 is operated based on the scan result of the function switch (SG1), and if so, whether or not the register F is in the set state. Is determined (SG
2). When the register F is in the set state and the automatic performance is being executed internally, the pitch indicated by the register P in which the pitch data is stored is instructed to be emitted with a predetermined tone color. Yes (SG3). By executing the above-described sound source processing in accordance with this sounding instruction, a musical tone of the pitch indicated by the register P is generated from the speaker 11 at the timing when the one-key SW2 is operated. At this time, according to the flow of FIG. 9 described above, the pitch data to be sounded at the sounding timing of the music automatically played is sequentially stored in the register P. Therefore, when the user correctly operates the one-key SW2 at the sounding timing of the music selected in advance, musical tones are sequentially generated at the sounding timings and pitches corresponding to the notes constituting the music, and the sequentially generated musical tones are used in advance. The selected song is formed.

On the other hand, in SA6 shown in FIG. 4, a part of the processing is executed according to the flow shown in FIG. That is, it is determined whether or not the register F is in the set state (SH1), and when the register F is in the set state and the automatic performance is internally progressing, the pitch data stored in the register P is stored. Discriminates whether there is a change (SH
2). When there is a change in the pitch data stored in the register P, that is, when the pitch data corresponding to the next note is read, it is determined whether or not the sound is being generated ( SH3). If the result of this determination is that the tone is being sounded, an instruction to change the tone pitch of the tone being sounded to the tone pitch indicated by the register P (SH4). Therefore, for example, the one-key switch is executed at an incorrect timing that does not match the sounding timing of the song.
2 is operated, and as a result, even if the next tone generation timing is reached during the tone generation by the process of SG3 and the next tone pitch data is stored in the register P, the tone pitch of the musical tone being generated by the process of SH4 is next. Changes to the pitch of the musical sound to be generated at the sounding timing of.

That is, even if the operation timing is not known in the middle of the operation, if the one-key SW2 is operated continuously, the pitch of the generated musical tone sequentially changes depending on the internal automatic performance. To do. Therefore, it is possible to recognize the music portion of the automatic performance that is progressing internally based on the pitch of the tone that changes in sequence, and also to recognize the next sounding timing from the recognized music portion. . Therefore, by operating the one-key SW2 in accordance with the recognized sounding timing, the operation of the one-key SW2 can be restarted at the correct operation timing that matches the sounding timing of the music.

[0022]

As described above, according to the present invention, the automatic performance data constituting a music piece is sequentially read out and the automatic performance is internally progressed. On the other hand, when the user operates the manual operator, the reading is performed. The sound generation instruction is given based on the issued automatic performance data. Therefore, since the musical sound based on this pronunciation instruction is generated depending on the automatic performance that is internally progressing, the musical tone generated depending on this automatic performance recognizes the part of the music piece and the subsequent pronunciation timing. be able to. Therefore, even if the operation timing is not known on the way, it is possible to play the musical piece while operating the manual operator again at the correct operation timing without confusion.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing the overall structure of an electronic musical instrument according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a main part plan view of the electronic musical instrument according to the embodiment.

FIG. 3 is a conceptual diagram showing a part of automatic performance data stored in a part of a ROM.

FIG. 4 is a flowchart showing a main routine.

FIG. 5 is a flowchart showing a timer interrupt routine.

FIG. 6 is a flowchart showing the contents of sound source processing in a timer interrupt routine.

FIG. 7 is a flowchart showing a timer interrupt routine.

8 is a flowchart showing a part of the processing of SA3 in the main routine shown in FIG.

FIG. 9 is a flowchart showing a part of processing of SA3 in the same main routine.

FIG. 10 is a flowchart showing a part of processing of SA3 in the same main routine.

FIG. 11 is an SA6 in the main routine shown in FIG.
It is a flowchart which shows a part of process of.

[Explanation of symbols]

 2 One-key SW 3 Start / Stop SW 4 Switch section 5 CPU 6 ROM 7 RAM

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A storage means for storing automatic performance data constituting a musical composition, a reading means for sequentially reading the automatic performance data from the storage means, a manual operator operated by a user, and a manual operator. A musical performance apparatus comprising: a sounding instructing means which, when operated, gives a sounding instruction based on the automatic performance data read by the reading means. 2. The performance according to claim 1, wherein the automatic performance data is composed of pitch data indicating a pitch of each note constituting the music and note length data indicating a note length. apparatus.