JPH07119670A - Vertical rotary compressor - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To heighten reliability and to reduce an oil rate so as to improve the efficiency of an air conditioner or the like by forming an oil film in a clearance on a vane side surface even in the case of a small filing quantity of refrigerating machine oil. CONSTITUTION:In a vertical rotary compressor provided with a motor part in the upper part of a closed container 1 and a compressing mechanism part in the lower part thereof, oil grooves 5b, 5c are formed on a side surface 5a of a vane 5 for partitioning the interior of a cylinder 2 into a compression chamber and a suction chamber, and an oil supply passage 7a to the oil grooves is bored in a lower bearing 7. Thus, even if the oil level of refrigerating machine oil 10 is below the lower surface of the cylinder 2, the vane side surface 5a can be lubricated. Oil grooves 5b, 5c of the vane side surface 5a are formed in such a manner as to be inclined to be closer to the center of the compressor on the upper side than on the lower side. Furthermore, oil can be infected into the cylinder 2, and a substitute coolant of HCFC 22 not containing chlorine can be coped with.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a vertical rotary compressor, and more particularly to a vertical rotary compressor suitable for reducing the discharge amount of refrigerating machine oil into a refrigerant gas. The present invention is used in a highly efficient air conditioner equipped with this vertical rotary compressor.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A general vertical rotary compressor has a structure shown, for example, in a hermetic rotary compressor disclosed in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 62-67292. The configuration and operation of the vertical rotary compressor will be described with reference to FIGS. 7 and 8. FIG. 7 is a vertical sectional view of a conventional vertical rotary compressor,
8 is a sectional view taken along the line AA of FIG.

In the vertical rotary compressor shown in FIG. 7, an electric motor composed of a rotor 8 and a stator 9 is housed in an upper part of a closed container 1 in which refrigerating machine oil 10 is stored, and in the lower part of the closed container 1, A compression mechanism unit connected to the electric motor via the crankshaft 4 is housed. The compression mechanism portion includes a compression chamber formed by a cylinder 2 and an upper bearing 6 and a lower bearing 7 closing both ends of the cylinder 2, and a crank supported by the upper bearing 6 and the lower bearing 7 in the compression chamber. A roller 3 which is eccentrically rotated by a shaft 4 and a vane 5 which comes into contact with the outer periphery of the roller 3 and reciprocates following the eccentric rotation of the roller 3 to partition the compression chamber into a low pressure portion and a high pressure portion. Is.

Refrigerating machine oil 10 is normally sealed to the extent that the cylinder 2 is sufficiently immersed in the refrigerating machine oil 10 (the height of the upper surface of the cylinder 2). Here, the function of the refrigerating machine oil in the rotary compressor will be described with reference to FIG. Thick arrows in the figure indicate the rotation direction, and solid arrows indicate the movement of the refrigerating machine oil 10. The refrigerating machine oil 10 that has risen in the crankshaft 4 by the centrifugal force is discharged from the lateral hole of the crankshaft 4, passes through the gap in the vertical direction of the roller 3 due to the pressure difference, and reaches the compression chamber 11 and the suction chamber 12. Refrigerating machine oil leaking to the compression chamber 11 side passes through the radial gap between the cylinder 2 and the roller 3 and the vertical gap between the vanes 5 and reaches the suction chamber 12 side.

On the other hand, since the space 2a on the back side of the vane 5 is filled with the refrigerating machine oil 10, the vane side surface 5a is formed.
The refrigerating machine oil 10 passes through the gap between the vane slot 2b of the cylinder 2 and the pressure difference. In a rotary compressor,
As described above, the refrigerating machine oil passes through each gap to form an oil film, which prevents the refrigerant from passing through and improves efficiency, and the oil film prevents metal contact in the sliding part, improving reliability. Has been.

[0006]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In the prior art,
In order to form an oil film in the gap between the side surface of the vane and the vane slot of the cylinder, it is necessary to fill the space behind the vane with refrigerating machine oil. Therefore, a sufficient amount of refrigerator is enclosed to raise the liquid level of the refrigerator oil, but in such a case, there are the following problems. (1) When the compressor is stopped, the temperature inside the compressor is close to the outside air temperature, a large amount of refrigerant is dissolved in the refrigerating machine oil inside the compressor, and the liquid level of the refrigerating machine oil is usually It is higher than the compressed gas discharge port installed in the upper bearing. Since the operation is started in such a state, the compressed gas blows up the refrigerating machine oil, and a large amount of refrigerating machine oil is taken out to the refrigeration cycle from the discharge pipe installed in the closed container of the compressor. That is, since the ratio (oil rate) of the refrigerating machine oil discharged to the refrigerating cycle becomes high, the refrigerating machine oil adheres to the heat exchanger, heat transfer is deteriorated, and the efficiency of the air conditioner is lowered. .

(2) Also, chlorine-free alternative refrigerants such as HFC134a, HFC32, HF to HCFC22, which is currently used as a refrigerant for air conditioners, are used.
When a mixed refrigerant such as C125 is used, when the oil film of the refrigerating machine oil that lubricates the sliding portion in the compressor is broken, the lubricity is significantly reduced, so it is necessary to supply sufficient refrigerating machine oil into the cylinder. . However, if only the method of supplying oil from the gaps between the respective parts by utilizing the differential pressure is used, the amount of refrigerating machine oil in the cylinder is small, and abrasion is likely to occur between the rollers and the vanes where it is difficult to form an oil film.

The present invention has been made in order to solve the above-mentioned problems of the prior art. Even with a small amount of enclosed refrigerating machine oil, an oil film is formed in the gaps on the side surfaces of the vanes to improve reliability and increase the oil rate. An object of the present invention is to provide a vertical rotary compressor that can reduce the efficiency of an air conditioner and the like. Another object of the present invention is to provide a vertical rotary compressor that is highly reliable even when using a chlorine-free refrigerant, and an air conditioner equipped with the same.

[0009]

In order to achieve the above object, a vertical rotary compressor according to the present invention has a structure in which an electric motor unit and a crankshaft are connected to the electric motor unit in a closed container in which lubricating oil is stored. A compression chamber formed by a cylinder and an upper bearing and a lower bearing closing both end surfaces of the cylinder, and the upper bearing and the lower bearing in the compression chamber. A roller fitted to the eccentric part of the crankshaft supported by the roller and abutting against the outer circumference of the roller, and reciprocating following the eccentric rotation of the roller to partition the compression chamber into a low pressure part and a high pressure part. In a vertical rotary compressor including a vane, an oil groove is formed on a side surface of the vane of the vane that is in contact with a vane slot of the cylinder.

More specifically, an oil supply passage is formed in at least one of the cylinder and the lower bearing, one end of the oil supply passage is opened in the refrigerating machine oil enclosed in a closed container, and the other end is connected to the crankshaft. When the eccentric direction is the direction in which the vane is installed, it is communicated with the oil groove formed on the side surface of the vane, and when the eccentric direction of the crankshaft is in the direction opposite to the vane, it is formed on the side surface of the vane. The oil groove communicates with the inside of the cylinder.

Further, the oil groove on the side surface of the vane is formed so as to be inclined so that it is closer to the center of the compressor on the upper side than on the lower side. Furthermore, the oil groove on the side of the vane
Two or more are formed on only one side of the vane side surface, and one of the oil grooves near the center of the compressor communicates with the inside of the cylinder during rotation of the crankshaft. Further, in the above structure, the refrigerating machine oil to be sealed in the closed container is set to an amount equal to or lower than the center height of the cylinder.

[0012]

The function of the above technical means will be described below. In the present invention, since the oil groove is formed on the side surface of the vane and the refrigerating machine oil is supplied to the oil groove, the reciprocating motion of the vane forms an oil film in the gap between the vane side surface and the vane slot surface of the cylinder. Can be formed.

In the hermetic rotary compressor, the pressure in the suction chamber in the cylinder is the lowest, the pressure in the compression chamber in the middle is the next highest, and the highest pressure in the hermetic container in which the refrigerating machine oil is stored. It has become. Therefore, when the crankshaft rotates in the cylinder and the vane with the oil groove formed on the side surface reciprocates, the pressure in the oil groove on the side surface of the vane that opens in the cylinder causes the pressure in the refrigerator oil to be closed. The pressure is lower than the pressure in the container, the vane approaches the top dead center, and when the vane communicates with the passage opened in the refrigerating machine oil, the effect of pumping the refrigerating machine oil by the differential pressure is produced.

Next, the refrigerating machine oil stored in the oil groove lubricates the side surface of the vane while reciprocating, and when it is opened in the cylinder, it is injected inside due to the differential pressure, especially when using an alternative refrigerant containing no chlorine. It is possible to lubricate between the rollers and vanes that may wear. Moreover, by forming a plurality of oil grooves, it is possible to lubricate the vane slot surface of the cylinder over a wide range. This is because there is an effect of transporting the refrigerating machine oil on the wall surface even in the oil groove that does not communicate with the inside of the cylinder.

Further, when the oil groove formed on the side surface of the vane is formed so as to be inclined so that it is closer to the center of the compressor on the upper side than on the lower side, the refrigerating machine oil is introduced into the cylinder from above the vane. Since it can be injected, each part can be sufficiently lubricated by the action of gravity after the injection. Further, it is possible to prevent the oil groove of the vane from being caught on the inner wall surface of the cylinder and the edge portion of the vane slot.

With the above operation, the vertical rotary compressor of the present invention forms an oil film in the gap on the side surface of the vane even with a small amount of the refrigerating machine oil to improve reliability and reduce the oil rate to provide an air conditioner or the like. The efficiency of can be improved. Furthermore, it is possible to provide a highly reliable vertical rotary compressor and an air conditioner equipped with the same even when a chlorine-free refrigerant is used.

[0017]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS. [Embodiment 1] FIG. 1 is a vertical sectional view of a vertical rotary compressor according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a perspective view for explaining the action of oil grooves of vanes in the rotary compressor of FIG. . In the figure, components having the same reference numerals as those in FIGS. 7 and 8 are components having the same functions as those of the prior art.

In the vertical rotary compressor shown in FIG. 1, an electric motor portion and a compression mechanism portion directly connected to the electric motor via a crankshaft 4 are housed in a closed container 1. The electric motor unit is composed of a stator 9 fixed to the closed container 1 by shrink fitting, and a rotor 8 to which the crankshaft 4 is fitted. The compression mechanism section includes a cylinder 2 and an upper bearing 6 and a lower bearing 7 that close both end surfaces of the cylinder 2 to form a compression chamber 11. The crankshaft 4 has an eccentric portion 4a, and the eccentric portion 4a
The roller 3 related to the rolling piston fitted into the cylinder is eccentrically rotated in the cylinder 2.

A vane 5 for partitioning the compression chamber and the suction chamber is provided in the cylinder 2 and reciprocates following the eccentric rotation of the roller 3, so that the refrigerant gas is compressed. . The compressed refrigerant gas is discharged downward from a discharge valve (not shown) installed in the lower bearing 7, but the lower bearing 7 is covered by the silencer cover 15, and the refrigerant gas is cooled by the lower bearing 7 and the cylinder. 2. It passes through a through hole (not shown) provided in the upper bearing 6 and is discharged from the upper surface of the upper bearing 6.

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, the vane 5
Oil grooves 5b and 5c are formed on a surface (hereinafter referred to as a vane side surface) 5a of the cylinder 2 which is in contact with the vane slot 2b. Further, the lower bearing 7 has an oil supply passage 7a, and the silencer cover 15 has an oil supply port 15 at the same position as the oil supply passage 7a.
a is perforated.

Further, although the liquid level of the refrigerating machine oil 10 is higher than the oil supply port 15a of the silencer cover 15, it is at a height near the lower surface of the cylinder 2 which is smaller than that of the conventional machine, and the operation of the compressor is stopped. Even in the low temperature state, the discharge gas is not higher than the discharge port of the refrigerant gas installed on the upper surface of the upper bearing 6, and the refrigerating machine oil is blown up at the start of operation.
Never take oil from the compressor to the refrigeration cycle.

Next, the functions of the oil grooves 5b and 5c formed on the vane side surface 5a and the oil supply passage 7a of the lower bearing 7 will be described with reference to FIG. 2 shows the vane 5 and the cylinder 2 of FIG.
9A and 9B are perspective views showing a part of FIG. 7A and FIG. 7C show top dead center, that is, the eccentric direction of the crankshaft is in the vane direction, and FIG. ), The state of the bottom dead center rotated by 180 ° is shown. In this embodiment, the vane 5 has two oil grooves 5b and 5c formed on both side surfaces thereof, and the lower bearing 7 is provided with an oil passage 7a.

At the top dead center shown in FIG. 2 (a), the oil groove 5b at the tip of the vane is configured to coincide with the oil supply passage 7a of the lower bearing 7, and the refrigerating machine oil flows from the oil supply passage 7a to the oil groove 5b. 10 can be pumped up like a solid arrow.
This is because the pressure in the cylinder 2 is lower than the pressure in the closed container 1 with the refrigerating machine oil on both the compression chamber side and the suction chamber side, and the oil groove 5
This is because the pressure b in the cylinder 2 is pushed down and sealed as it is, so that the refrigerating machine oil 10 is pumped up by the differential pressure when it matches the oil supply passage 7a.

2 (a) to 2 (b), the refrigerating machine oil 10 stored in the oil groove 5b lubricates the vane slots 2b of the cylinder 2. Further, when the oil groove 5b communicates with the inside of the cylinder 2, refrigerating machine oil is injected into the cylinder 2 due to the differential pressure. At this time, in this embodiment, the oil groove 5b is formed so as to be closer to the center of the compressor on the upper side than on the lower side.
The refrigerating machine oil 10 can be injected into the cylinder 2 from above and the components can be sufficiently lubricated by the action of gravity after injection. Further, the oil groove 5c far from the tip of the vane can also hold the refrigerating machine oil rising by the inertial force.

2 (b) to 2 (c) at the top dead center, the refrigerating machine oil stored in the oil groove 5c lubricates the vane slot 2b of the cylinder 2 and the oil on the tip side. The groove 5b communicates with the oil supply passage 7a with a low pressure. With the above operation, the vane side surface 5a can be lubricated even if the refrigerating machine oil 10 is not filled up to the upper surface of the cylinder 2, and
When the oil groove of the vane is opened in the cylinder, the refrigerating machine oil is injected inside, and the space between the roller and the vane can be lubricated.

In particular, chlorine-free alternative refrigerants, for example:
When using HFC32, HFC134a mixed in a ratio of 3: 7 or HFC32, HFC134a, HFC125 mixed in a ratio of 3: 6: 1, the rollers and vanes that are most likely to wear are forced between the vanes. Can be lubricated. It should be noted that the oil groove formed on the vane side surface 5a can obtain some effect even when the oil groove is formed only on 5b or on one side. Further, although the oil groove does not have to be formed with an inclination to obtain a corresponding effect, it is possible to prevent the oil groove of the vane 5 from being caught on the inner wall surface of the cylinder 2 and the edge portion of the vane slot 2b. It is preferable to add a slope as in the example.

[Embodiment 2] Next, another embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 3 is a vertical sectional view of a compression mechanism portion of a vertical rotary compressor according to another embodiment of the present invention. In the figure, components having the same reference numerals as those in FIG. 1 are equivalent components, and the description of their configurations will be omitted. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 3, an oil supply piece 16 is provided below the silencer cover 15 as compared with the embodiment shown in FIG.
By installing this refueling piece 16, even if the amount of refrigerating machine oil enclosed is further reduced and the height of the oil surface is made lower than in the previous embodiment, as long as the tip of refueling piece 16 is opened in the refrigerating machine oil. , The oil can be supplied to the oil groove 5b of the vane.

[Embodiment 3] Another embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 4 is a perspective view (when viewed from diagonally below) of a cylinder of a vertical rotary compressor according to still another embodiment of the present invention. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 4, the lower bearing and the silencer cover are not provided with through holes for oil supply, but the oil supply groove 2c is formed on the lower surface of the cylinder 2A. In this case, the position of the oil supply groove 2c is such that one end of the oil supply groove 2c coincides with the oil groove of the vane at the top dead center of the vane and the other end is outside the outer circumference of the lower bearing 7. . In the case of this embodiment, the oil level is determined by the cylinder 2
If it is at least the lower surface of A, the object of the present invention can be achieved.

Fourth Embodiment Further, another embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 5 is a perspective view (when viewed from diagonally above) of a lower bearing of a vertical rotary compressor according to still another embodiment of the present invention. In the figure, the chain double-dashed line corresponds to the inner diameter of the cylinder and the vane slot. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 5, the oil supply groove 7 is provided in the plane of the lower bearing 7A from a position corresponding to the oil groove of the vane at the top dead center of the vane.
b is provided, and an oil supply passage 7a which is a through hole is formed at the other end of the oil supply groove 7b. As a result, the lower bearing 7
The oil supply passage 7a, which is a through hole, can be formed at an arbitrary position of A, and can be applied to most compressors.

Next, the effect obtained when the vertical rotary compressor described in each of the above embodiments is mounted in an air conditioner will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 6 is a diagram showing the effect of the present invention. In FIG. 6, the horizontal axis represents the height of the oil surface of the refrigerating machine oil in the compressor (mm), and the vertical axis represents the ratio of the refrigerating machine oil to the refrigerant discharged into the refrigeration cycle, that is, the oil rate (w).
t%) and the efficiency improvement rate of the air conditioner (efficiency ratio% when the efficiency of the air conditioner when the refrigerating machine oil is filled up to the upper surface of the cylinder is 100).

As is clear from FIG. 6, it is understood that the oil rate can be reduced by reducing the amount of refrigerating machine oil enclosed and lowering the height of the oil surface, and as a result, the efficiency of the air conditioner can be improved. This is because the reduction of the oil rate can reduce the adherence of refrigerating machine oil in the heat exchanger and improve the heat transfer. The lower the oil level is, the more effective it is, but the efficiency can be improved by about 1% even near the center of the cylinder. In the present invention shown in each of the above embodiments, the amount of oil can be further reduced to the height of the lower surface of the cylinder or less, so that the present invention can improve the efficiency of the air conditioner by 2% or more.

[0032]

As described above in detail, according to the present invention, even with a small amount of enclosed refrigerating machine oil, an oil film is formed in the gap on the side surface of the vane to improve the reliability and reduce the oil rate to improve the air flow. It is possible to provide a vertical rotary compressor that can improve the efficiency of a harmony machine and the like. Further, according to the present invention, it is possible to provide a vertical rotary compressor with high reliability and an air conditioner equipped with the same even when a chlorine-free refrigerant is used.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a vertical sectional view of a vertical rotary compressor according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a perspective view for explaining the action of oil grooves of vanes in the rotary compressor of FIG.

FIG. 3 is a vertical sectional view of a compression mechanism portion of a vertical rotary compressor according to another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a perspective view of a cylinder of a vertical rotary compressor according to still another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a perspective view of a lower bearing of a vertical rotary compressor according to still another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a diagram showing an effect of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a vertical cross-sectional view of a conventional vertical rotary compressor.

8 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA of FIG.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 ... Airtight container, 2, 2A ... Cylinder, 2c ... Oil supply groove, 3
... rollers, 4 ... crankshaft, 5 ... vanes, 5a ... vane side surfaces, 5a, 5b ... oil groove, 6 ... upper bearing, 7, 7A ... lower bearing, 7a ... oil supply passage, 7b ... oil supply groove, 10 ... refrigerating machine oil ,
11 ... Compression chamber, 15 ... Silencer cover, 15a ... Refueling port.

 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (72) Inventor Toshihisa Yasuda, 709, Tomita, Ohira-cho, Shimotsuga-gun, Tochigi Prefecture 2 Hitachi Hitachi Tochigi Electronics Co., Ltd. (72) Mikiko Tanaka, 800, Tomita, Ohira-machi, Shimotsuga-gun, Tochigi Prefecture Hitachi, Ltd. Living Equipment Division Cooling & Heat Division

Claims (7)

[Claims] 1. A hermetic container storing refrigerating machine oil accommodates an electric motor unit and a compression mechanism unit connected to the electric motor unit by a crankshaft, wherein the compression mechanism unit includes a cylinder and both end surfaces of the cylinder. A compression chamber formed by an upper bearing and a lower bearing which are closed, a roller fitted in the eccentric portion of the crankshaft supported by the upper bearing and the lower bearing in the compression chamber, and an outer periphery of the roller. A vertical rotary compressor comprising a vane that abuts and reciprocates following the eccentric rotation of the roller to partition the compression chamber into a low pressure portion and a high pressure portion, wherein a vane side surface of the vane that is in contact with a vane slot of the cylinder. A vertical rotary compressor characterized in that an oil groove is formed in. 2. An oil supply passage is formed in at least one of a cylinder and a lower bearing, one end of the oil supply passage is opened in refrigerating machine oil enclosed in a hermetically sealed container, and the other end is eccentric to the crankshaft. Is connected to the oil groove formed on the side surface of the vane when the vane is installed, and the oil formed on the side surface of the vane is formed when the eccentric direction of the crankshaft is opposite to the vane. The vertical rotary compressor according to claim 1, wherein the groove communicates with the inside of the cylinder. 3. The oil groove on the side surface of the vane is formed to be inclined so that the oil groove on the upper side is closer to the center direction of the compressor than on the lower side. Vertical rotary compressor. 4. An oil groove on the side surface of the vane is formed in two or more on at least one side surface of the side surface of the vane, and one of the oil grooves, which is close to the center direction of the compressor, is formed during rotation of the crankshaft. 2. The communication with the inside of the cylinder.
The vertical rotary compressor according to any one of 1 to 3. 5. The oil surface of the refrigerating machine oil sealed in the closed container is below the center height of the cylinder, and the oil groove is formed on the side surface of the vane. One of the vertical rotary compressors. 6. The vertical rotary compressor according to claim 1, which is operated by using a refrigerant containing no chlorine. 7. An air conditioner equipped with the vertical rotary compressor according to claim 1, and operated by using a refrigerant containing no chlorine in a refrigeration cycle.