JPH07113959A - Stereomicroscope - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To provide stereomicroscope capable of arranging the eye point position at a lower position as far as possible for good workability regardless of the presence or absence of additional devices such as an observation device for assistant and a recording device. CONSTITUTION:In a stereomicroscope capable of varying power having a mirror part provided with an observing optical system having an objective lens 4, a variable power optical system 5 provided at the rear side of the objective lens 4, an image forming lens 6 and an eyepiece lens 8, the microscope is provided with a first optical axis deflecting means 17 for bending an optical axis 16 of the incident light made incident on the mirror part from a portion to be inspected by the angle of 90 deg. and second optical axis deflecting means 19, 21, 23 for making the optical axis bent by means of the first optical axis deflecting means 17 coaxial with the optical axis of the incident light while bending it by 90 deg. a number of plural times and the variable power optical system is arranged on an optical axis 18 bent from the optical axis 16 of the incident optical axis 16 by means of the first and the second optical axis deflecting means 17, 19, 21, 23.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention has a mirror portion having an objective lens, a variable power optical system provided behind the objective lens, and an observation optical system having an imaging lens and an eyepiece lens. The present invention relates to a variable magnification stereo microscope.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Stereomicroscopes are widely used for medical purposes such as surgery and examinations, for research purposes and for industrial purposes, and they are useful for improving the precision and safety in surgery. Since such a stereomicroscope is used for the purpose of performing work on the site to be examined at the same time as observation, it is necessary to have a wide working space, so that the distance between the lower surface of the microscope body and the site to be examined is long. In addition, the position of the eye that the examiner looks into the eyepiece (hereinafter,
Called eye point. ) To the site to be inspected, it is desirable that the examiner's hand does not reach his / her hand and the distance is easy to work. Further, it is preferable that the mirror body portion is small so that the microscope body portion does not get in the way when observing the test site with the naked eye.

In addition, when it is desired to observe a very fine portion such as a nerve, or when it is desired to widely observe the entire lesion,
Since the magnification convenient for observation varies depending on the usage situation,
An ordinary stereomicroscope has a variable power optical system.

An example of such a stereomicroscope is shown in FIGS. As shown in FIG. 16, the stereomicroscope is composed of a microscope section 1, an arm section 2 for holding the microscope section 1, and a mount 3 for supporting the arm section 2. The microscope section 1 has an optical system as shown in FIG. This optical system has an objective lens 4 that transforms the light beam from the region E to be examined into an afocal light beam. Behind the objective lens 4, a pair of afocal variable-magnification zoom lenses 5, 5 ', imaging lenses 6, 6', erecting prisms 7, 7 ', and eyepieces 8, 8'are sequentially arranged. The stereoscopic observation optical system arranged in the above is provided, and the pair of stereoscopic observation optical systems constitutes a Galilean optical system in which the examiner's eye O can stereoscopically observe the site E to be examined. The afocal variable-magnification zoom lens 5, the imaging lens 6, the erecting prism 7, and the eyepiece lens 8 are optical systems for one eye only, and optical systems 5 ', 6', 7'for the other eyes. , 8 ', which are not shown in the drawing, because they are at positions overlapping with 5, 6, 7 and 8 on the paper surface.

Only the optical system for one eye will be described below. The light flux from the site E to be examined is made into an afocal light flux by the objective lens 4, and the parallel light flux passing through the objective lens 4 passes through the afocal variable magnification zoom lens 5 and the imaging lens 6 causes an eyepiece lens 8 An image is formed on the front focal plane 8 f of the image, and the image is observed by the eye O of the examiner by being erected by the erecting prism 7.

A recording device 9 is usually inserted in such an observation optical system for the purpose of recording surgery and education. That is, the light beam splitting means 10 is arranged between the variable power zoom lens 5 and the imaging lens 6, and the light beam splitting means 10 is arranged.
Imaging lens 11 and mirror 1 in the light beam split by
2, the imaging surface 13 is arranged, and the imaging lens 11 to the mirror-1
An image of the region to be inspected E is formed on the image pickup surface 13 via 2.

By the way, there is disclosed in FIG. 1 of Japanese Examined Patent Publication No. 55-7565, a structure in which an assistant can observe and work with an assistant observation device by utilizing a light beam splitting means. In this configuration, since only one of the pair of left and right light beams is divided and used, the assistant cannot stereoscopically observe the test site.

However, it is preferable that the assistant can perform three-dimensional observation because the assistant also works, and the direction of the observed image must match the actual site to be inspected. Therefore, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 60-91321 discloses a stereoscopic microscope capable of stereoscopic vision of an assistant.

FIG. 18 shows an optical layout diagram of a stereoscopic microscope which enables stereoscopic vision of an assistant by a method different from the above publication. Note that the same reference numerals are basically attached to the optical systems that are the same as those in FIG. 17, and the description thereof is omitted. Reference numeral 14 denotes a light beam splitting means, and this light beam splitting means 14 splits both a pair of light fluxes passing through a pair of left and right variable power lenses 5 and 5 '. 1
Reference numeral 5 is a semi-transmissive semi-reflective surface that transmits half of the light flux and reflects half of the light flux. Reference numerals 6a and 6a 'denote a pair of imaging lenses disposed in the observer's observation optical path, and reference numerals 6b and 6b' denote a pair of imaging lenses disposed in the assistant's observation optical path. Also, 7a,
7a 'and 8a, 8a' are a pair of erecting prisms and a pair of eyepieces, respectively, which are arranged in the observation optical path of the examiner,
Reference numerals 7b, 7b 'and 8b, 8b' are a pair of erecting prisms and a pair of eyepieces arranged in the observation optical path of the assistant. Also in this case, as in FIG. 17, the afocal variable magnification lens 5, the imaging lenses 6a and 6b, and the erecting prisms 7a and 7a are used.
b, the eyepieces 8a, 8b are all optical systems for one eye only, and the optical systems 5 ', 6a', 6b ', 7a', 7 for the other eyes.
b ', 8a', 8b 'are 5, 6a, 6b, 7a, 7b,
It is not shown because it is arranged at a position overlapping 8a and 8b on the paper surface.

Here, the light beam that has passed through the afocal variable magnification zoom lenses 5 and 5'is split into two directions by the semi-transmissive-semi-reflective surface 15 of the light beam splitting means 14, and one of the split light beams is divided into two. Enters the imaging lenses 6a and 6a ', and the other enters into 6b and 6b'. Therefore, both the examiner O and the assistant A can observe the stereoscopic image.

[0011]

Generally, a variable power lens is composed of two or more groups of lenses, and variable power can be achieved by changing the distance between the lenses. The size is usually quite large relative to the lens outline. Therefore, in the stereoscopic microscope having the above-described configuration, since the variable power lens is arranged coaxially with the optical axis from the site to be inspected, the eye point is high depending on the length of the variable power lens in the optical axis direction. It has become. Further, if the distance required in the optical path for installing the light beam splitting means 10 in the optical path is D, the high eye point will be further increased by D even if the recording device 9 or the assistant observation device is not added. It becomes impossible to take a comfortable posture when performing work on the site E to be inspected. Therefore,
It is desirable to make the eye point as low as possible without such an additional device, and to avoid making the eye point high by the additional device when the additional device is provided.

Further, even in the case of the stereoscopic observation of the assistant described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 60-91321, if the distance from the bottom surface of the mirror body to the site to be inspected is secured, the objective lens The eyepoint becomes high due to the space of the light beam splitting means arranged below the eye, and the posture of the examiner becomes difficult.

Further, even in the case of using the above-mentioned luminous flux splitting means 14, the eyepoint becomes high due to the space where the luminous flux splitting means 14 is installed in the optical path, which deteriorates the workability of the examiner. Is still a problem.

The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and an object thereof is to adjust the position of the eye point with good workability regardless of the presence or absence of an auxiliary device such as an assistant observation device or a recording device. An object of the present invention is to provide a stereomicroscope that can be placed in a position as low as possible.

[0015]

In order to solve the above problems, the present invention has an objective lens, a variable power optical system provided behind the objective lens, an imaging lens and an eyepiece lens. In a variable-magnification stereoscopic microscope having a mirror section provided with an observation optical system, a first optical axis deflecting means for bending an optical axis of incident light entering the inside of the mirror section from a test site at an angle of 90 °. And a second optical axis deflecting means for making the optical axis bent by the first optical axis deflecting means a plurality of times at an angle of 90 ° and making it coaxial with the optical axis of the incident light again. The variable power optical system is arranged on the optical axis bent from the optical axis of the incident light by the first or second optical axis deflecting means.

With this configuration, it is possible to prevent the eye point from becoming high due to the space of the variable power optical system as much as possible, and it is necessary to add an additional device such as a recording device to extend the optical axis from the region to be examined. By arranging them on the deflected optical axis, it is possible to prevent the eye point from being increased by the additional device.

[0017]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. In each drawing, the same components as those in FIG. 17 are designated by the same reference numerals, and detailed description thereof will be omitted. FIG. 1 shows an optical system of a stereoscopic microscope according to the first embodiment of the present invention. This optical system is arranged in the microscope section 1 as shown in FIG. As for optical members such as the variable power lens and the imaging lens, only the optical system of one eye is shown as in FIG. 17, and the description of the stereoscopic observation optical system is omitted, but the same Galilean optical system as in FIG. Has become.

In the figure, 16 is the observation optical axis from the site E to be examined,
Reference numeral 17 denotes an optical axis deflecting section (first optical axis deflecting means) formed of a semi-transmissive / semi-reflective member for bending the observation optical axis 16 by 90 °.
Reference numeral 18 denotes an observation optical axis after being bent by the optical axis deflecting unit 17, and the objective lens 4 and the variable power lens 5 are arranged on the observation optical axis 18. Then, the optical axis deflection unit 17
As described below, as a second optical axis deflecting means, the optical axis bent by the optical axis deflecting unit 17 is bent a plurality of times at an angle of 90 ° and is coaxial with the observation optical axis 16 again. A plurality of optical axis deflecting units 19, 21, 23 are arranged.

That is, 19 is an optical axis deflecting section for bending the observation optical axis 18 upward by 90 ° on the paper surface, 20 is an observation optical axis after being bent by the optical axis deflecting section 19, 21
Is an optical axis deflecting section made of a semi-transmissive / semi-reflective member for bending the observation optical axis 20 by 90 ° and making it parallel to the observation optical axis 18. Reference numeral 22 is an observation optical axis after the observation optical axis 20 is bent by the optical axis deflecting unit 21. 23 is the observation optical axis 2
2 is an optical axis deflecting portion for bending the observation optical axis 16 upward by 90 ° so as to be coaxial with the observation optical axis 16 again, and 24 is an observation optical axis coaxial with the observation optical axis 16 by the optical axis deflecting portion 23. . Further, an image forming lens 6, an erecting prism 7, and an eyepiece lens 8 are disposed behind the optical axis deflecting unit 23.

Reference numeral 25 denotes a light beam splitting unit arranged on the observation optical axis 22. Reference numeral 26 denotes an optical axis after being reflected by the light beam splitting unit 25, which advances in a direction perpendicular to the paper surface. This optical axis 26 is thereafter made incident on the imaging lens 11 of the recording device 9 in FIG.

Reference numeral 27 is a display device in the visual field arranged on the extension of the optical axis 22, 28 is a display plate, and 29 is this display plate 2.
8 is a relay lens that makes the light beam emitted from 8 an afocal light beam. Further, IL is an illumination light source, and is arranged behind the optical axis deflecting section 17 made of the above-mentioned semi-transmissive / semi-reflective member and on an extension line of the observation optical axis 16.

Next, the flow of a light beam in the optical system having the above configuration will be described. The light beam from the region to be inspected E is refracted by the optical axis deflecting unit 17, passes through the objective lens 4, becomes an afocal light beam, and enters the afocal variable magnification lens 5, and then again. It is emitted from the variable power lens 5 as an afocal light beam. This light beam is transmitted to the optical axis deflecting unit 1
After being further bent at 9, 21, the light beam splitting unit 25
Is divided by two. One of the light beams split by the light beam splitting unit 25 is used as the image pickup surface 1 of the recording device 9 (see FIG. 17).
The light beam is imaged on the other side, and the other light beam is further refracted by the optical axis deflecting unit 23, becomes an image forming light beam by the imaging lens 6, and the image is erected by the erecting prism 7. Therefore, the examined part E is observed by the examiner O by the eyepiece 8.

On the other hand, the light beam emitted from the display plate 28 becomes an afocal light beam through the relay lens 29, and the optical axis deflector 21 made of a semi-transmissive and semi-reflective member is used as a light beam combining means to form an observation optical axis 22. After they are overlapped, they are divided into two by the light beam splitting unit 25, and are separated on the imaging surface 13 of the recording device 9 and the examiner's eye O
Various information is projected on and. The illumination light emitted from the illumination light source IL illuminates the site E to be inspected in the direction coaxial with the observation optical axis 16 via the optical axis deflecting unit 17 composed of the above-mentioned semi-transmissive / semi-reflective member.

As described above, in the stereomicroscope of the present embodiment, the variable power lens 5 is arranged on the optical axis substantially perpendicular to the straight line connecting the region E to be examined and the eye O to be inspected. This has a great work advantage that the eye point is lowered regardless of the length of the variable power lens 5 in the optical axis direction. Also TV
The light beam splitting unit 25 for taking the light beam into the recording device or the like is also at a position where the eye point is not raised, that is, the observation optical axis 16
Since it is arranged on the observation optical axis 22 that is substantially at a right angle with, there is an advantage that the eyepoint does not become high even when an additional device such as a TV recording device is provided. further,
In recent years, it has been attempted to display various information in the field of view of a microscope for the purpose of improving the efficiency of surgery, etc. However, the in-field display device 27 as one means does not raise the eye point and reduces workability. It can be easily provided without performing.

Although the objective lens 4 is arranged on the observation optical axis 18 and the imaging lens 6 is arranged on the observation optical axis 24 in this embodiment, the objective lens 4 is arranged on the observation optical axis 16. ,
Further, even when the imaging lens 6 is arranged on the observation optical axis 22, the eye point is not lowered.

FIG. 2 and FIG. 3 show a second embodiment of the present invention, which is a stereoscopic microscope in which an assistant can also observe stereoscopically. 2 is a view of the optical system of the present invention viewed from the same direction as that of FIG. 1, and FIG. 3 shows only an optical path for an assistant in the optical system of the present invention. It should be noted that only the optical system for one eye is shown as in the first embodiment.

In FIG. 2, reference numeral 30 denotes a light beam splitting portion composed of a semi-transmissive / semi-reflective member, which is arranged on the observation optical axis 18 and between the objective lens 4 and the variable power lens 5. Reference numeral 31 denotes an optical axis after the optical axis 18 is bent 90 ° by the light beam splitting unit 30, and reference numeral 32 in FIG. 3 denotes an optical axis deflecting unit for bending the optical axis 31. Reference numeral 33 is an optical axis after the optical axis 31 is bent by the optical axis deflecting unit 32. Further, behind the optical axis deflector 32, imaging lenses 34, 34 'erecting prisms 35, 35' and eyepieces 36, 36 'are sequentially arranged. Reference numeral 37 is a Dove prism arranged on the optical axis 31, and rotates the observation image to align the actual observation direction with the orientation of the observation image. Further, the dove prism 37 has a size such that both the pair of left and right light beams incident on the pair of left and right imaging lenses 34 and 34 'pass therethrough.

According to the above structure, the light beam from the site E to be examined passes through the objective lens 4 and becomes an afocal light beam.
Then, the light beam reflected by the light beam splitting unit 30 is guided to the assistant observation optical system shown in FIG. 3, passes through the Dove prism 37, is bent by the optical axis deflecting unit 32, and then is paired to the left and right. It is incident on the image lenses 34, 34 ', and the erecting prism 3
The image is erected by 5, 35 '. Therefore, the examined region E is stereoscopically observed by the assistant A through the eyepieces 36 and 36 '. On the other hand, the light beam that has passed through the light beam splitting unit 30 enters the variable power lens 5, follows the same optical path as in the first embodiment, and reaches the eyepiece lens 8.

As described above, according to the present embodiment, the examiner O has an optical system for an assistant capable of stereoscopic observation.
It has a practically excellent effect in that the eye point of does not increase.

FIG. 4 shows a third embodiment of the present invention, which is a surgical microscope capable of stereoscopic observation of an assistant as in the second embodiment. The configuration of this embodiment is the same as that of the first embodiment, except that the same observation optical system as that on the side of the examiner O is added to the rear side of the optical axis deflector 21 made of a semi-transmissive / semi-reflective member for an assistant.

That is, behind the optical axis deflector 23, a pair of imaging lenses 3a and 3a ', a pair of erecting prisms 4a and
4a 'and a pair of eyepieces 5a, 5a' are sequentially arranged, and a pair of image forming lenses 3b, 3b ', a pair of erecting prisms 4a, 4a', are provided behind the optical axis deflecting unit 21.
A pair of eyepieces 5a and 5a 'are sequentially arranged.
However, the figure shows only the optical system for one eye, and the optical systems 3a ', 3b', 4a ', 4b', 5a ', 5b' for the other eyes.
Is omitted.

According to this structure, the examiner O uses the imaging lens 3
a and 3a ', the images formed by the eyepieces 5a and 5a
The image can be stereoscopically observed by a'and the assistant A can stereoscopically observe the image formed by the imaging lenses 3b, 3b 'by the pair of eyepieces 5b, 5b'.
Although the assistant A can stereoscopically observe the site E to be examined in the same manner as the examiner O, the eyepoint of the examiner O does not increase, and the eyepoint of the assistant A is also the examiner O. Since it can be made the same height as that of, the operability is very good.

5 to 10 show a fourth embodiment of the present invention. Conventionally, an arm having a function of moving or inclining the microscope unit 1 has been used to move the region to be inspected. It is designed to be able to do.

That is, the variable power optical system 38 of this embodiment is
Rather than being composed of a pair of left and right to correspond to the left and right eyes of the examiner O as in the first to third embodiments, variable magnification optics for a stereoscopic microscope described in JP-A-4-156512 Like the system, it consists of one lens system.

In FIG. 5, the optical axis deflecting section 39 is arranged at the same position as the optical axis deflecting section 17 in FIG. 1, and can be tilted with the intersection B of the observation optical axis 16 and the observation optical axis 18 as a fixed point. Has become. As shown in FIGS. 8 and 9, the optical axis deflection unit 3
9 is supported by rotating shafts 40 and 41 at the intersection B, whose center lines extend at right angles. Reference numeral 42 is a connecting portion that is integral with the rotating shaft 40 and that rotatably supports the rotating shaft 41. In addition, the rotary shaft 40 is
A motor 43 for rotating the motor and a detection means 44 (for example, an encoder) for detecting the rotation angle of the rotary shaft 40 are attached. On the other hand, the rotary shaft 41 has a motor 45 and a rotary shaft 41 for rotating the rotary shaft 41.
And a detecting means 46 (for example, an encoder) for detecting the rotation angle of the.

In FIG. 5, 47 is a Dove prism,
The image rotor is constructed so that the observation image is rotated by rotating the observation optical axis 22. Figure 6
Reference numeral 48 denotes a microscope section, inside which the optical system shown in FIG. 5 is arranged. 49 is, for example, Japanese Patent Fairness 3-
It is a mirror moving device as described in Japanese Patent No. 21887, and while holding the microscope section 48, the microscope section 48 can be moved in any direction within a horizontal plane.

In this structure, the rotary shaft 41 is arranged as shown in FIGS.
When it is perpendicular to the plane of the paper as shown in FIG. 3, the rotation shaft 41 is rotated by the drive of the motor 45, and the optical axis deflector 39 arranged in front of the objective lens 4 is moved to 39 '. When inclining as shown, the site E to be examined is changed to E '(see FIG. 6). Although not shown, when the rotary shaft 40 is coaxial with the optical axis 18 and the rotary shaft 40 is rotated by driving the motor 43, the region E to be inspected is perpendicular to the paper surface. Moving. Furthermore, the observation visual field can be freely moved by combining the two rotation shafts 40 and 41 in any rotation direction and rotation angle. Also, the rotating shaft 40
The tilt of the observed image caused by the rotation of the dove prism 4
By rotating 2 it is possible to match the actual viewing direction.

Further, according to this structure, not only the observation visual field is moved, but also the observation angle can be changed while the observation visual field is fixed. FIG. 10 is an example of an electric block diagram for realizing this electrically. Reference numeral 50 denotes the mirror moving device 4 according to the detection values of the detecting means 44 and 46 '.
9 is a calculation unit for calculating the moving direction and the moving amount of the moving body 9. Reference numeral 51 indicates the mirror moving device 49 according to the calculation result of the calculation means 50.
Is a control circuit for controlling. Reference numeral 52 is a drive circuit of the mirror body moving device 49 controlled by the control circuit 51.
The movement amount and the movement direction calculated by the calculation means 50 are obtained from the rotation angles of the rotary shafts 40 and 41, and the movement amount (L) of the test site E caused by the inclination of the optical axis deflecting unit 39. ) And the direction of movement is in the opposite direction. Also, a motor 4 for rotating the rotary shafts 40 and 41
3, 45 are electrically driven by a signal from an external switch (not shown). Therefore, the observation angle is changed while the site E to be examined is fixed (FIG. 7).

Usually, the arm part for holding the microscope part is constructed so that the position of the microscope part can be changed or tilted when the site to be examined needs to be changed, such as when the surgical site covers a wide area. Has been done. However, as a matter of course, as the functions increase, the structure of the arm section becomes more complicated and the entire apparatus becomes larger. Since the operating room is equipped with various devices such as beds and anesthesia devices in addition to the operating microscope, the room space tends to be small, and increasing the size of the operating microscope is a narrow task. The space is further narrowed, which is not preferable in performing a surgical operation. Further, when the arm part is moved by hand to move the microscope part, the operator is forced to interrupt the operation work, and therefore it is preferable that the arm part can be moved electrically.

However, such a demand is sufficiently satisfied by the present embodiment described above. In the past, in order to change the site to be inspected, the arm section had to be configured in a complicated and large size, whereas in the present embodiment, the optical axis deflecting section 39 is simply tilted by operating an external switch. The site to be examined can be easily changed. In addition, the observation optical axis 18
The tilt of the image when the optical axis deflection unit 39 is rotated around
The correction can be easily performed by rotating the br prism 47. Further, by combining with the mirror moving device 49, the observation angle can be easily changed in a state in which the site to be examined is fixed, which is more convenient in performing the surgery.

FIG. 11 shows a fifth embodiment of the present invention. In the first to fourth embodiments, the observation optical axis is refracted 4 times from the site to be examined to the erecting prism, whereas the present embodiment refracts 6 times. Is.

That is, 53 is the observation optical axis after the observation optical axis 20 is deflected by the optical axis deflecting section 21, and 5
Reference numeral 4 denotes an optical axis deflecting unit for refracting the observation optical axis 53 again so as to be parallel to the observation optical axis 20 downward in the drawing. 5
Reference numeral 5 is an observation optical axis after being refracted by the optical axis deflecting unit 54, and reference numeral 56 is an observation optical axis 55 which is 90 ° to the left side of the drawing.
It is an optical axis deflecting unit that has a role of bending and making it parallel to the observation optical axis 18. In 57, the observation optical axis 55 is the optical axis deflecting section 56.
It is the observation optical axis bent by. Reference numeral 58 is an optical axis deflecting unit for refracting the observation optical axis 57 so as to overlap the extension line of the observation optical axis 16 as much as possible. Reference numeral 59 denotes an observation optical axis refracted by the optical axis deflecting unit 58, which is made into an image-forming light beam by the image-forming lens 6 and is made erect by the erecting prism 7. Then, after erecting by the erecting prism 7, it is observed by the examiner O by the eyepiece lens 8. Also,
In this embodiment, the variable power lens 5 is arranged on the observation optical axis 20.

According to the structure of this embodiment, the light beam from the site E to be examined is bent rearward by the optical axis deflecting unit 17 when viewed from the examiner O, and then is made afocal by the objective lens 4. It Thereafter, this light beam is further reflected by the optical axis deflecting unit 19
After being bent upward by the drawing, the light passes through the afocal variable magnification zoom lens 5 and is bent toward the examiner O by the optical axis deflecting unit 21. The light beam bent to the examiner O side is further bent to the lower side of the paper by the optical axis deflecting unit 54, is then bent again to the examiner O side by the optical axis deflecting unit 56, and is inspected by the optical axis deflecting unit 58. It is coaxial with the light flux from the part E.

As described above, according to this embodiment,
Since the length in the depth direction (shown by F in the figure) when viewed from the examiner O is short, it is advantageous in terms of interference when a table on which an obstacle (such as forceps) is placed behind the microscope section. Becomes In addition, the recording device can be attached regardless of which of the optical axis deflecting portions 21 and 54 is formed of a semi-transmissive-semi-reflective member, which has the advantage of increasing the degree of freedom in design.
Further, it goes without saying that increasing the number of reflections increases the degree of freedom in design.

12 and 13 show a sixth embodiment of the present invention. As described above, a surgical microscope usually includes, as shown in FIG. 16, a microscope section 1, an arm section 2 for movably supporting the microscope section 1, and a mount 3 for supporting the arm section 2. However, in this embodiment, a part of the observation optical system is arranged in the arm section 2.

That is, the optical system of FIG. 12 is obtained by removing the in-field display device 9 from the configuration of FIG. 1, and the optical system of FIG. 13 is the same as the configuration of FIG. 6 in the figure
Reference numerals 0 and 61 respectively indicate the outer shape of the microscope section, and 62 and 63
Shows the outline of the arm part. In FIG. 12, the microscope section 60 and the arm section 62 are connected on the observation optical axes 18 and 22. Further, in FIG. 13, the microscope section 61 and the arm section 63 are connected on the observation optical axes 18 and 57.

According to this structure, the entire optical system is not built in the microscope sections 60 and 61, but a part of the optical system is arranged inside the conventional arm sections 62 and 63 by the above-mentioned drawing. It will be. Therefore, it is possible to prevent an increase in size of the microscope unit caused by tilting or parallel movement of the variable power optical system with respect to the optical axis from the site to be examined by the optical axis deflecting unit.

14 and 15 show a seventh embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 14, 64 is the eye of the patient observed by the examiner, and in FIG. 15, 65 is the throat of the patient.
Reference numeral 66 is an optical axis deflecting section for deflecting the observation optical axis 67 by 90 °, and 68 is an optical axis deflected by the optical axis deflecting section 66. Reference numerals 69 and 70 respectively denote an objective lens and an optical axis deflecting unit that convert an incident light beam on the optical axis 68 into an afocal light beam,
Both are arranged in the housing 71. Also, 72
Is the optical axis deflected by the optical axis deflecting unit 70.

Here, the housing 71 is rotated about the optical axis 72 by the knob 73 integral with the housing 71. The optical axis deflecting units 74 and 75 deflect the optical axis 72 by 90 ° to change the optical axis 6
Make it parallel to 8. The optical axis deflecting unit 74 has an odd number of reflecting surfaces, and the optical axis deflecting unit 75 has an even number of reflecting surfaces. Further, the optical axis deflecting parts 74 and 75 are both arranged in the housing 76, and are selected on the optical axis 72 by the rotation (shown by J in the figure) of the knob part 77 integrated with the housing 76. . Reference numeral 78 designates the optical axis 6 by the optical axis deflecting unit 74 or 75.
8 is an optical axis parallel to the optical axis 8. Reference numeral 5 is a variable power lens arranged on the optical axis 78, and 79 is an optical axis deflecting section for deflecting the optical axis 78 by 90 ° so as to coincide with the extension line of the optical axis 67. An optical axis 80 is deflected by the optical axis deflecting unit 79. An image forming lens 6, an erecting prism 7, and an eyepiece lens 8 are sequentially arranged behind the optical axis deflecting unit 75.

In the structure of this embodiment, the part to be inspected is the optical axis 67.
In the case of the first state above, as shown in FIG. 14, the housing 71 is arranged so that the objective lens 69 is located between the optical axis deflecting section 66 and the optical axis deflecting section 70. Further, the housing 7 is provided so that the optical axis deflecting section 74 is arranged on the optical axis 72.
Place 6 According to this, the observation light beam from the eye 64 of the patient is deflected by 90 ° by the optical axis deflecting unit 66, enters the objective lens 69, is emitted as an afocal light beam, and is then 90 ° by the optical axis deflecting unit 70. It is deflected upward in the plane of the drawing, and further, the objective lens 6
After being parallel to the optical axis 68 of 9, the light enters the variable power lens 5. The light flux that has passed through the variable power lens 5 becomes coaxial with the optical axis 67 in the optical axis deflecting unit 79, and enters the imaging lens 6,
The erecting prism erects the image. Therefore, the examiner O can observe the eye 64 of the patient by the eyepiece lens 8.

As shown in FIG. 15, the region to be inspected is the optical axis 68.
In the case of the second state above, the knob 73 is rotated 180 °, and the housing 71 is arranged so that the objective lens 69 is arranged on the side opposite to the optical axis deflecting section 66 with respect to the optical axis deflecting section 70. . Further, the knob 77 is also rotated 180 °, and the housing 76 is arranged so that the optical axis deflector 75 is arranged on the optical axis 72. According to this, the observation optical axis from the throat 65 of the patient is made into an afocal light beam by the objective lens 69, and then is deflected by 90 ° upward in the plane of the drawing by the optical axis deflecting unit 70. After being reflected twice by 75, it is incident on the variable power lens 5 in parallel with the optical axis 68 of the objective lens 69. Therefore, the examiner O uses the eyepiece 8
Allows the throat 65 of the patient to be observed. In addition,
The arrangement of the housing 76 is changed to change the positions of the optical axis deflecting member 74 and the optical axis deflecting member 75 by making the number of reflections of the observation optical system in FIG. 14 equal to the number of reflections of the observation optical system in FIG. , To obtain a correct observation image.

By the way, the position of the patient during the operation differs depending on the department such as ophthalmology or otolaryngology. When the body position of the patient is different, the angle of the observation optical axis of the surgical microscope is necessarily different. Therefore, it is usually necessary to prepare multiple surgical microscopes for each department or to install a rotating part in the arm part that holds the microscope part and tilt the angle of the microscope part when performing surgery in other departments. ing. However, it is not economically feasible to prepare a plurality of surgical microscopes, and when an arm portion having a rotating portion is used, not only is the surgical microscope complicated and large, but also during surgery. At present, it is necessary to perform troublesome work such as changing the angle of the microscope section every time and spending time on setting.

However, according to the surgical microscope of this embodiment, the two knobs 73 and 77 provided in the microscope section are included.
Since the observation optical axis can be easily tilted by 90 ° simply by rotating, it is possible to cope with different departments without spending time for setting.

[0054]

As described above, in the stereomicroscope of the present invention, the optical axis after bending a plurality of optical axes from the site to be inspected by the plurality of optical axis deflecting means is moved again from the site to be inspected. By making it substantially coaxial with the optical axis, and by disposing the variable power optical system on an axis different from the optical axis from the test site,
The space of the variable power optical system can minimize the increase of the eye point. Of course, in this case, a sufficient working space is secured.

Further, since the distributing means for distributing the light flux to the recording device or the like can be arranged on the deflected optical axis, not on the extension of the optical axis from the region to be examined as in the conventional case, the recording device can be arranged. The eye point can be lowered irrespective of the presence or absence of an additional device such as, and the operability is improved. Further, it is possible to easily combine the display devices in the visual field, and it is possible to maintain a low eye point even when the display devices are combined.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram of an optical system of a stereoscopic microscope according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a block diagram of the optical system of the stereoscopic microscope according to the second embodiment of the present invention on the examiner side.

FIG. 3 is a configuration diagram of an assistant side of an optical system of a stereoscopic microscope according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a configuration diagram of an optical system of a stereoscopic microscope according to a third embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a configuration diagram of an optical system of a stereoscopic microscope according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a state diagram showing a microscope unit having the optical system of FIG. 5 and an arm unit holding the microscope unit, showing a state in which the mirror moving device is not driven.

7 is a state diagram showing a microscope unit having the optical system of FIG. 5 and an arm unit holding the microscope unit, showing a state in which a mirror moving device is driven.

8 is a side view showing a configuration of a first optical axis deflecting unit of the optical system shown in FIG. 5 and a drive section for driving the first optical axis deflecting unit.

9 is a plan view of FIG.

10 is a block diagram showing a control method for electrically driving the first optical axis deflecting means of the optical system of FIG.

FIG. 11 is a configuration diagram of an optical system of a stereoscopic microscope according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 12 is a layout diagram of an optical system when the optical system of FIG. 1 is applied, showing a sixth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 13 is an optical system layout diagram when the optical system of FIG. 11 is applied, showing a sixth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 14 is a configuration diagram showing a first state of an optical system of a stereoscopic microscope according to a seventh embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 15 is a configuration diagram showing a second state of the optical system of the stereoscopic microscope according to the seventh embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 16 is an overall configuration diagram of a stereomicroscope.

FIG. 17 is a configuration diagram of an optical system in a conventional stereoscopic microscope.

FIG. 18 is another configuration diagram of an optical system in a conventional stereoscopic microscope.

[Explanation of symbols]

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Microscope part (mirror body part), 4 ... Objective lens, 5 ... Variable magnification lens, 6 ... Imaging lens, 8 ... Eyepiece lens, 16, 18,
20, 22, 24 ... Observation optical axis, 17 ... Optical axis deflecting section (first
Optical axis deflecting means), 21, 21, 23 ... Optical axis deflecting section (second optical axis deflecting means).

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[Procedure amendment]

[Submission date] November 12, 1993

[Procedure Amendment 1]

[Document name to be amended] Statement

[Name of item to be amended] Claims

[Correction method] Change

[Correction content]

[Claims]

 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (72) Inventor Shinichi Nakamura 2-43-2 Hatagaya, Shibuya-ku, Tokyo Olympus Optical Co., Ltd.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A variable-magnification stereomicroscope having an objective lens, a variable-magnification optical system provided behind the objective lens, and an observation optical system having an imaging lens and an eyepiece lens. In (1), the first optical axis deflecting means for bending the optical axis of the incident light entering the inside of the mirror portion from the inspected portion at an angle of 90 °, and the optical axis bent by the first optical axis deflecting means are A second optical axis deflecting unit that makes the optical axis of the incident light coaxial with the optical axis while bending a plurality of times at an angle of °, and the first or second optical axis deflecting unit separates the optical axis of the incident light from the optical axis. A stereomicroscope, wherein the variable power optical system is arranged on a bent optical axis.