JPH07108979B2 - Waste plastic oiler - Google Patents

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a device for thermally decomposing waste plastics to oil.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art FIG. 1 to FIG. 5 show an oil recycling apparatus for waste plastics that is currently being developed. The apparatus shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 comprises a tank reactor for pyrolyzing waste plastic. Waste plastic is supplied to the decomposition tank 31 which is a reactor for thermal decomposition. In the apparatus of FIG. 1, waste plastic is directly supplied to the decomposition tank 31 for thermal decomposition. In the apparatus shown in FIG. 2, waste plastic is melted in the melting tank 32 and then supplied to the decomposition tank 31. The thermally decomposed vapor component thermally decomposed in the decomposition tank 31 is sent to the condenser 33 and liquefied, and the liquefied product oil is stored in the tank 34.

The oiling apparatus shown in FIG. 3 is equipped with a tubular reactor for thermally decomposing waste plastic. Melting tank 32
The waste plastic melted in the reaction tube 3 of the decomposition tank 31
It is designed to supply to 6. The reaction tube 36 uses a flash condenser 37 to decompose the molten synthetic resin into a gas by pyrolyzing it.
It separates into heavy oil and light oil and stores it in a tank.

Furthermore, the oiling apparatus shown in FIGS. 4 and 5 is equipped with a screw type pyrolyzer 35 for pyrolyzing waste plastic. In this apparatus, a waste plastic is thermally decomposed by a thermal decomposer 35 which is a screw conveyor heated from the outer circumference. Therefore, the waste plastic is sent to the supply side of the pyrolyzer 35, and the discharge side is connected to the condenser 33 for liquefying the oil component that has become pyrolyzed vapor.

[0005]

In principle, the waste plastic oiling apparatus shown in these figures can thermally decompose synthetic resin to oil, but it cannot be used continuously for a long time. . In particular, in the apparatus having the tank reactor shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, after a certain period of time, carbon is deposited on the inner surface of the decomposition tank, so that the time for continuous use is restricted. For this reason, it is necessary to cool the reactor daily to remove carbon deposited inside. This not only requires troublesome maintenance, but also substantially lowers the substantial oil recovery rate. The reason why the oil recovery rate decreases is that oil cannot be efficiently oiled at the beginning of the operation when the reactor is not sufficiently heated. In addition, since the cooled reactor is heated every day, the thermal efficiency is low and the amount of fuel used is large.

With the oil recovery rate shown in FIG. 3, molten plastic waste can be continuously supplied to the reaction tube.
However, in reality, the device of this structure has not yet been put to practical use. What is impeding practical application is
It is carbon that deposits on the inner surface of the reaction tube. The carbon deposited here remarkably lowers the thermal efficiency of the reaction tube and hinders smooth passage of the molten synthetic resin.
Therefore, continuous operation is impossible unless the carbon deposited in the reaction tube can be efficiently removed. Furthermore, it is difficult for the oil refiner having this structure to treat the residue produced as it is used, which is also a reason for impairing its practical use.

Furthermore, the oiling apparatus shown in FIGS. 4 and 5 has a drawback that a large amount of heat is required for heating and it is difficult to sufficiently mix a high-viscosity polymer. Furthermore, there is a drawback that it is difficult to increase the size because the diameter of the screw shaft is limited. In order to increase the treatment capacity with a limited pipe diameter, the heating temperature may be raised. However, when the heating temperature is raised, the gas component and the carbonization component of the synthetic resin increase and the oil recovery rate decreases.

The present inventor has developed an oiling device shown in FIG. 6 in order to solve these drawbacks. In the apparatus shown in this figure, waste plastic is supplied to a heating kettle 5 provided with stirring blades 10, thermoelectrolyzed in the heating kettle 5, and liquefied into oil in the condenser 3. The oiling device having this structure has a feature that waste plastics mixed with various plastics can be efficiently oiled. However, the oiling device having this structure also cannot be used continuously, and it is necessary to cool the heating pot 5 every day to remove carbon and residue accumulated, which is troublesome in maintenance. . In particular, since the heating kettle 5 has a closed structure, it is necessary to disassemble the heating kettle in order to remove carbon and residues, which is disadvantageous in that it takes time to remove carbon and the like. Furthermore, in order to increase the size, it is necessary to increase the size of the heating kettle, but the large heating kettle has a drawback that it takes more time to remove carbon and the like. In the oilification device of this structure, it is necessary to stop the continuous rotation of the heating kettle to remove carbon and the like, and it is difficult to increase the size of the heating kettle. There were difficult drawbacks.

Further, the conventional oiling apparatus has a drawback that when the temperature of the reactor is increased in order to increase the processing capacity, the gas component increases and the oil recovery rate decreases.
It is known that the relationship between thermal decomposition products and temperature is as shown in FIG. As shown in this figure, when the temperature is increased, the gas components are increased, and when the temperature is decreased, the amount of carbides is increased, and the oil recovery rate is maximized in a specific range. In an apparatus that actually thermally decomposes waste plastic, it is extremely difficult to heat all the input waste plastic to a uniform temperature. There is a drawback that some waste plastics are heated to a high temperature to increase the gasification rate, and some waste plastics are heated to a low temperature to increase the amount of carbides.

The present invention was developed for the purpose of solving these drawbacks of conventional waste plastic oiling devices. An important object of the present invention is that continuous operation is possible, and An object of the present invention is to provide an oilification device that can be made large in size to increase the processing capacity, and further can reduce the gasification rate and increase the oil recovery rate.

[0011]

According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a waste plastic oiling apparatus which comprises a thermal decomposition means 1 for heating and thermally decomposing waste plastic, and a waste plastic for the thermal decomposition means 1. It is provided with a supply means 2 for supplying and a condenser 3 for cooling the pyrolysis vapor sent out from the pyrolysis means 1 into oil.

Further, in the oiling apparatus according to the first aspect of the present invention, the thermal decomposition means 1 is supplied to the heating furnace 6, the heating pot 5 heated by the heating furnace, and the heating pot 5. It is connected to the stirring blade 10 for stirring the waste plastic and the heating pot 5.
Screw screw that discharges the residue from the heating pot 5 to the outside.
It is composed of The screw conveyor is a transfer cylinder 4
A screw shaft is installed inside A for transfer.
The cylinder 4A is connected to the heating pot 5. The transfer cylinder 4A has a bottom
Set the surface higher than the bottom of the heating pot 5 and connect it to the heating pot 5.
It is tied. Furthermore, if it is arranged inside the transfer cylinder 4A,
The screw shaft has a spiral fin 4a on the outer circumference.
Is provided. The fin 4a removes the discharge port of the transfer tube 4A.
The screw shaft 4 rotates because it is installed in the
Then, the residue is discharged from the heating pot 5 through the transfer cylinder 4A.
The residue discharged from the transfer section 4A is removed by the fins 4a.
Hold the transfer cylinder 4A in the closed state at the discharge port of the transfer cylinder 4A
Then, the residue is discharged.

Further, the waste plastic oiling device according to the second aspect of the present invention is opened at the discharge port of the transfer cylinder 4A.
A closing gap adjustment lid 4C that can adjust the mouth area is provided.
It

Further, in the waste plastic oiling apparatus according to a third aspect of the present invention, a thermal decomposition means 1 for heating and thermally decomposing the waste plastic, and a supply for supplying the waste plastic to the thermal decomposition means 1. The means 2 and the condenser 3 for cooling the pyrolysis vapor sent from the pyrolysis means 1 to oil are provided.

Further, the thermal decomposition means 1 is a spiral fin.
One screw shaft 4B having 4a
It has a screw conveyor arranged inside A. School
The Liu Conveyor temporarily disposes of the waste plastic being transferred.
Equipped with temporary storage parts 5a at several points along the way
ing. The temporary storage section 5a temporarily stores waste plastic.
A temporary storage heating section 38 for storing and heating
It Disposal transferred by the fin 4a of the screw conveyor
Plastic temporarily stagnates in the temporary storage section 5a and is added.
Decomposed by heat. Further, it is generated in the temporary storage heating section 38.
Residue is removed from the screw shaft of the screw conveyor.
It is configured to be discharged to a part.

Furthermore, a fourth aspect of the present invention is described.
The waste plastic oiler is a screw conveyor.
Transfer the temporary storage part 5a of the
At the part where the weir 5F is fixed to the bottom of the cylinder 4, on the outer periphery of the fin 4a
The scraping plate 5E is constituted by any of the fixed parts.

[0017]

Operation: The waste plastic according to claim 1 of the present invention.
The oil liquefaction device is a waste plastic supplied to the heating kettle.
Is heated to pyrolyze. Thermal decomposition of waste plastic
The residue that can be generated is the screw conveyor connected to the heating pot.
Discharge with. The heating pot is agitating blades to stir the waste plastic.
Stir to pyrolyze. The residue is screwed with a stirring blade.
It is sent to the transfer cylinder. Residue transferred to transfer cylinder
Is the fin of the rotating screw shaft and is passed through the transfer tube.
Is discharged to the outside of the heating pot. Screw conveyor
Keep the discharge port of the transfer cylinder blocked with residue.
The residue is discharged. The screw conveyor is the
This is because no fin is provided at the exit. Without fins
The transfer cylinder is forced out by the rotating spiral fin.
It will not be done. At the outlet of the transfer cylinder, screw
The conveyor does not force the residue to be transferred. Forced by fins
External In residues residues not transported is extruded from the later
It will be pushed out, and the discharge port of the transfer cylinder is blocked
Hold the condition and drain the residue. Therefore, the screw
The conveyor conveys the residue continuously from the heating kettle,
Or, keep the heating pot closed. This is this
It is important for a kind of device. Screw conveyor transfer
If the gas generated in the heating kettle leaks from the delivery tube, condensation will occur.
Will it not be transferred to the compressor and the recovery rate will drop significantly?
It is. Furthermore, the gas leaking from the transfer cylinder to the outside is ignited.
There is a risk of
That is dangerous. Disposal according to claim 1 of the present invention
The plastic oiling device has the transfer tube opening closed.
The residue can be discharged continuously.

Further, in the waste plastic oiling apparatus according to claim 3 of the present invention, the thermal decomposition means is a screw.
Equipped with a conveyor, it can be moved to multiple locations on the screw conveyor.
Temporary stagnation of waste plastic sent
A reservoir is provided. The temporary storage section is for waste plastic
A temporary storage heating unit that temporarily stores, heats, and decomposes
It The device shown in FIG.
It was removed to form a temporary storage part, which was placed in a heating pot. The device shown in FIG. 13 is also a fin for a screw conveyor.
Part of this is removed and used as a temporary storage part. screw
The waste plastic transferred to the temporary storage unit by the fins of the conveyor is temporarily stagnant and is heated and pyrolyzed. In this way, one screw conveyor
The transfer heating member provided with the time storage unit has a short overall length, and can effectively and thermally decompose waste plastic while effectively heating the waste plastic.

[0019]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. However, the examples shown below are examples of the oiling device for embodying the technical idea of the present invention, and the device of the present invention has the following materials, shapes, structures, and arrangements of components. Not specific to structure. The device of the present invention can be modified in various ways within the scope of the claims.

Further, in this specification, for easy understanding of the claims, the numbers corresponding to the members shown in the embodiments are referred to as "the claims column" and "to solve the problems. It is added to the members shown in "Means column". However,
The members shown in the claims are not limited to the members of the embodiment.

The processing apparatus for waste plastics shown in FIGS. 8 and 9 comprises a thermal decomposition means 1, a catalyst member 14 and a condenser 3.
And a supply means 2 and a produced oil tank 21.

The thermal decomposition means 1 comprises a transfer heating member E for thermally decomposing the supplied waste plastic while transferring it, and a heating furnace 6 for heating the transfer heating member E. The transfer heating member E includes a transfer member 4 configured by a screw conveyor, and a temporary storage heating unit 38 that is a temporary storage unit of the screw conveyor .

The temporary storage heating section 38 is a screw container.
Two heating pots 5 connected in series via the transfer member 4 which is a, and a discharging pot 5C connected to the discharging side of the heating pot 5.
Composed of and. The heating pot 5 is provided with a stirring blade 10 for stirring the supplied waste plastic.

The heating pot 5 comprises a pot body 5A and a cover plate 5B. The heating pot 5 is entirely made of stainless steel. The heating pot 5 made of stainless steel has a function of a catalyst for decomposing the synthetic resin into low molecules. The hook main body 5A has an upper opening, and the opening is closed by a cover plate 5B. The hook body 5A is
The horizontal cross section is circular. That is, the hook body 5A is
In order to prevent the foreign matter from adhering to the inner surface of the pot main body 5A by the stirring blade 10, the outer periphery of the stirring blade 10 can approach the inner surface, and the bottom surface is closed by a curved bottom plate to form a cylindrical shape.

The cauldron main body 5A penetrates the cauldron body 5A horizontally to connect the transfer member 4. Scan clew conveyor is transporting member 4, a transfer cylinder 4A, the screw shaft 4B arranged in the transfer tube 4A coaxially, the screw shaft 4
A drive motor (not shown) for rotating B and the transfer cylinder 4
It is provided with a closing gap adjusting lid 4C for closing the outlet of A. The transfer cylinder 4A and the screw shaft 4B are made of stainless steel so that waste plastic can be decomposed more efficiently.

The transfer cylinder 4A has a cylindrical shape and, as shown in FIG. 8, horizontally connects the upper and lower central portions of the shuttle main body 5A. The transfer cylinder 4A is linearly arranged between the supply means 2 and the shuttle main body 5A, between the shuttle main body 5A and the shuttle main body 5A, between the shuttle main body 5A and the discharge shuttle 5C, and on the discharge side of the discharge shuttle 5C. It is set up. The vertical position of the transfer cylinder 4A connected to the pot body 5A determines the amount of plastic agitated by the pot body 5A. When the transfer cylinder 4A is connected to the bottom of the kettle body 5A, the amount of plastic agitated by the kettle body 5A is reduced. On the contrary, if the transfer cylinder 4A is connected to the upper portion of the pot main body 5A, the amount of plastic agitated by the pot main body 5A increases. This is because the plastic that has been stirred inside the kettle body 5A and raised to the height of the transfer cylinder 4A is transferred by the screw shaft 4B in the transfer cylinder 4A. Transfer cylinder 4A
The position at which the kettle body 5A is connected to the kettle body 5A is adjusted so that the kettle body 5A stores a predetermined amount of plastic, stirs it, and can be thermally decomposed there. When the amount of waste plastic per unit time is large, the transfer cylinder 4A can be connected to the upper portion of the shuttle body 5A to prolong the time during which the plastic stays in the shuttle body 5A.

The screw shaft 4B is fixed with a spiral fin 4a so that the screw shaft 4B can transfer the plastic by rotating the screw shaft 4B. The fins 4a are provided inside the transfer cylinder 4A and inside the discharge hook 5C. The fins 4a in the transfer cylinder 4A connected to the supply means 2 transfer the waste plastic sent from the supply means 2 to the kettle body 5A. The fins 4a fixed to the screw shaft 4B between the kettle bodies 5A transfer the molten plastic from the first kettle body 5A to the next connected kettle body 5A. A part of the plastic is thermally decomposed and removed in the pot body 5A. Further, from the discharge side of the shuttle main body 5A,
The screw shaft 4B connected to C has a hook main body 5A.
The remaining plastic that has been pyrolyzed in step 5 is transferred to the discharge kettle 5C and further pyrolyzed while being transferred inside the cylindrical discharge kettle 5C.

The oiling device shown in FIG. 8 and FIG.
The transfer cylinder 4A of the screw conveyor is also used as the discharge pot 5C. The transfer cylinder 4A, which is also used as the discharge pot 5C,
A screw shaft 4B is disposed inside, and here, the plastic is thermally decomposed and the thermally decomposed vapor is separated. Figure 8
9 and FIG. 9, the waste plastic is separated as pyrolysis vapor in order in three parts, and the remaining residue is discharged from the tip of the discharge pot 5C. That is, a part of the waste plastic is separated as pyrolysis vapor in the first kettle body 5A, further separated as pyrolysis vapor in the next kettle body 5A, and the pyrolysis vapor is separated from the remaining plastic. The last remaining residue is discharged from the discharge pot 5C.

In order to separate the waste plastic as pyrolysis vapor in this manner, the heating temperature of the plastic is gradually set higher in the first pot body 5A, the second pot body 5A and the discharge pot 5C. . Kettle body 5A and discharge kettle 5C
The temperature is set to an optimum value depending on the type of waste plastic to be pyrolyzed, but preferably 300 to 700 ° C.
Adjusted to the range of.

The tip of the transfer cylinder 4A, which is also used as the discharge cauldron 5C, is tapered so as to become gradually thinner toward the open end. In this way, the transfer cylinder 4A with the tip narrowed down
Can block the tip more effectively with the discharged residue. If the tip of the transfer cylinder 4A can be closed by the residue to be discharged, the gas component of the synthetic resin can be prevented from leaking from here, and the heating pot 5 and the discharge pot 5C can be closed so that the gas component can be easily condensed. There is a feature that can be pressure-fed to 3.

The oiling apparatus shown in FIG. 8 is provided with a closing gap adjusting lid 4C in order to completely close the tip of the transfer cylinder 4A with the discharged residue. Closure clearance adjustment
The lid 4C has a conical shape and is arranged concentrically with the open end of the transfer cylinder 4A. Further, the closing gap adjusting lid 4C is provided on the transfer cylinder 4A.
It is connected to the frame via bearings so as to be movable in the axial direction and rotatable.

When the closing gap adjusting lid 4C is brought closer to the opening end of the transfer cylinder 4A, the opening gap of the transfer cylinder 4A becomes narrower.
On the contrary, when the closing gap adjusting lid 4C is separated from the transfer cylinder 4A,
The opening gap of the transfer cylinder 4A becomes wider. Closure gap adjustment lid 4C
The axial position of is adjusted to a position where the discharged residue can close the open end of the transfer cylinder 4A. Therefore, when the amount of discharged residue is large, the closing gap adjusting lid 4C is attached to the transfer tube 4A.
When the amount of discharge of the residue becomes small and the amount of discharge of the residue becomes small, it approaches the opening end of the transfer cylinder 4A.

The axial position of the closed gap adjusting lid 4C can be automatically controlled by detecting the internal pressure of the heating pot 5. In this case, when the internal pressure of the heating pot 5 falls below the set value, the closed gap adjusting lid 4C approaches the open end of the transfer barrel 4A, and when the internal pressure of the heating pot 5 rises, it separates from the tip of the transfer barrel 4A. Move to. When it becomes impossible to close the tip of the transfer cylinder 4A with the residue discharged, the pressure of the heating kettle 5 decreases, and when the transfer cylinder 4A is completely closed by the closing gap adjusting lid 4C, the internal pressure of the heating kettle 5 rises. Because.

Even if the discharge end of the transfer cylinder 4A is completely blocked by the residue, the internal pressures of the heating pot 5 and the discharge pot 5C do not rise abnormally. It is because the heating pot 5 and the discharge pot 5C are the condenser 3
It is because it is opened to the atmosphere through. Therefore, the position of the closing gap adjusting lid 4C is set to the heating pot 5 and the discharging pot 5
When the internal pressure of C is automatically controlled, the pressure is set to a pressure slightly lower than the maximum internal pressure that rises when the tip of the transfer cylinder 4A is closed, and the heating pot 5 and the discharge pot 5C are closed to this set pressure. The position of the gap adjusting lid 4C is adjusted.

The closed gap adjusting lid 4C shown in FIG. 8 has a gear fixed to the outer periphery, and this gear is rotated by a motor (not shown). The rotating closed gap adjusting lid 4C has a feature that the residue can be discharged smoothly and without clogging.
The closed gap adjusting lid 4C to be rotated rotates in the same direction as the screw shaft 4B or in the opposite direction.

As described above, the device for closing the tip of the transfer cylinder 4A with the residue for discharging and the closing gap adjusting lid 4C, the thermal decomposition steam generated in the heating pot 5 and the discharging pot 5C is condensed into the condenser 3
Can be transferred by pressure .

The lid plate 5B that closes the upper surface of the pot body 5A is
The discharge port 8 for the thermal decomposition vapor is opened through this. A gas transfer pipe 13 is connected to the discharge port 8. The gas transfer pipe 13 is connected to the condenser 3 via the catalyst member 14.

The stirring blade 10 provided in the heating pot 5 includes a rotary shaft 10A, a blade 10B, and a drive motor 10D. The rotating shaft 10A is rotatably supported by vertically and airtightly passing through the center of the lid plate 5B of the heating pot 5. The blade 10B is fixed to the lower end of the rotating shaft 10A.

The blades 10B are radially fixed to the rotating shaft 10A. The blade 10B is made of stainless steel similarly to the heating pot 5. The outer peripheral edge of the blade 10B is the heating pot 5
It has a shape that approaches the inner surface of the. The gap between the outer peripheral edge of the blade 10B and the inner surface of the heating pot 5 is adjusted to a range of 1 to 100 mm, preferably 3 to 50 mm.

Further, the blades serve to stir and thermally decompose the plastic supplied to the kettle body 5A and then push it up to the transfer cylinder 4A of the screw conveyor. The blades are extended above the lower surface of the transfer tube 4A connected to the kettle body 5A in order to effectively send out the plastic from which the pyrolysis vapor has been separated in the kettle body 5A to the transfer tube 4A.

The rotating shaft 10A is connected to the drive motor 10D and is rotated by the drive motor 10D.

The heating pot 5 contains zeolite, a metal catalyst or the like so that waste plastic can be heated and efficiently oiled. Nickel or stainless steel is used as the metal catalyst. The rotating shaft 10A and the blades 10B can be made of a metal catalyst such as nickel or stainless.

The heating furnace 6 is equipped with a burner 16.
The burner 16 heats the pot main body 5A by burning the oil obtained by turning waste plastic into oil. Therefore, no extra fuel is needed.

The structure of the catalyst member 14 is shown in FIGS. 11 and 12. The catalyst member 14 includes a cylindrical casing 17 and a plate-shaped catalyst 1 housed in the casing 17.
8 and.

The casing 17 is hermetically sealed so that the pyrolysis steam supplied from the gas transfer pipe 13 does not leak outside. The casing 17 is heated by the exhaust heat of the heating pot 5. Therefore, the casing 17 is fixed by penetrating the exhaust flue 19 of the heating furnace 6. Both ends of the casing 17 project from the exhaust flue 19.
Flange is provided on both ends of the casing 17 that project. The opening / closing lid 20 is airtightly fixed to the flange with a screw. The casing 17 can be opened by removing the screw and removing the opening / closing lid 20.

In the casing 17, an inflow port and a discharge port for the pyrolysis vapor are opened on opposite sides. The inlet is opened at the bottom and the outlet is opened at the top.

In the apparatus shown in FIG. 8, three catalyst members 14 are connected in series. The catalyst members 14 are vertically arranged in the exhaust flue 19. The pyrolysis steam generated in the heating pot 5 is sequentially transferred from the lower catalyst member 14 to the upper catalyst member 14. Therefore, the lowermost catalyst member 14 is connected to the heating pot 5, and the upper catalyst member 14 is connected to the condenser 3. The intermediate catalyst member 14 is connected in series to the lower and upper catalyst members 14. In the catalyst member 14 of each stage, the inlet is opened at the bottom and the outlet is opened at the top,
They are connected in series with each other.

When the catalyst member 14 is connected, the heating pot 5
The pyrolysis vapor sent from the reactor can be effectively carbonized and discharged smoothly, and the liquefied components in the catalyst member 14 can be reheated, and the gas transfer pipe 13 can be prevented from being clogged. This is because the pyrolysis steam flows in the catalyst member 14 as follows. The thermal decomposition steam that has flowed into the catalyst member 14 from the heating kettle 5 comes into contact with the catalyst 18 and is decomposed into small molecules. Since both ends of the catalyst member 14 project to the outside of the exhaust flue 19 and the middle is located inside the exhaust flue 19, the pyrolysis vapor supplied inside is convected and agitated. This is because the supplied pyrolysis steam is cooled at both ends of the casing 17 and heated in the middle. The agitated thermal decomposition vapor is effectively contacted with the catalyst 18 and decomposed into low-molecular substances, but a part of the thermal decomposition vapor is changed from a thermal decomposition vapor state to a liquid state. The thermally decomposed vapor decomposed into low molecular weight is transferred to the next step from the outlet of the uppermost catalyst member 14. The liquefied component inside is heated again in the middle of the casing 17 to be gasified, and sent out from the upper outlet. The liquid component that cannot be gasified even when heated flows backward and is sent to the lower catalyst member 14. The internal temperature of the catalyst members 14 connected in series becomes higher in the lower stage. Incidentally, in the device prototyped by the present inventor, the inner temperature of the lowermost catalyst member 14 is about 360 ° C., the intermediate catalyst member 14 is 330 ° C., and the upper catalyst member 14 is 29 ° C.
It reached 0 ° C.

Therefore, the component liquefied by the upper catalyst member 14 flows back to the lower catalyst member 14, is heated to a higher temperature and is gasified again. The gasified component is transferred to the upper stage while being in contact with the catalyst 18 inside the catalyst member 14, and is transferred to the condenser 3 in a gas state. Therefore, the catalyst member 14 of this structure can dry-distill the pyrolysis vapor supplied from the heating pot 5 most effectively and transfer it to the condenser 3.

A plate-shaped catalyst 18 is provided inside the catalyst member 14.
Is stored. The plate-shaped catalysts 18 are stacked, for example, separated by several mm to several cm so that the thermal decomposition vapor can pass through the gap. Both sides of the catalyst 18 are bent and processed into a groove shape so that they can be easily stacked. The catalyst 18 having this shape has a feature that it can be simply housed in the casing 17 and laminated. In addition, it has the feature that the contact area with the pyrolysis steam can be increased and efficient dry distillation can be performed. Although not shown, the catalyst may have a cylindrical shape or a rod shape instead of a plate shape. In addition, the catalyst may be a fibrous metal, or
It is also possible to process the material into granules and store it in a casing in a state where gaps are formed between fibers or particles.

The condenser 3 cools the pyrolysis vapor sent from the catalyst member 14 to liquefy it into oil. The condenser 3 is connected to an oil tank 21 that stores liquefied oil.

The supply means 2 shown in FIG. 8 includes a supply cylinder 22 for sending synthetic resin to the heating pot 5, and a plurality of gas cutoff valves 9 provided on the supply cylinder 22 for shutting off air and sending waste plastic. , And a control member 23 for controlling the open / closed state of the gas cutoff valve 9.

As shown in FIG. 10, the supply cylinder 22 is vertically loaded into the lid plate 5B of the heating pot 5 so that the waste plastic can be dropped and supplied to the thermal decomposition means 1 shown in FIG. It is connected to the mouth 7. Supply cylinder 2 shown in this figure
2 has a gas cutoff valve 9 connected in three stages in series. As the gas cutoff valve 9, a valve having any structure capable of cutting off air to supply the melting container 4 can be used. The gas cutoff valve of the apparatus shown in FIG. 10 is composed of an uppermost gate valve 9A and a rotary valve 9B provided below it in two stages in series.

The supply cylinder 22 is provided with a supply chamber 24 between the gate valve 9A and the upper rotary valve 9B. A temporary storage chamber 25 is provided between the lower two rotary valves 9B. The gate valve 9A includes an opening / closing plate 9a that moves horizontally with respect to the supply cylinder 22, and a linear cylinder 9b that moves the opening / closing plate 9a. The opening / closing plate 9a is provided so as to move laterally through the supply cylinder 22. In the figure,
The opening / closing plate 9a closes the supply cylinder 22 when moved to the right,
When moved to the left, the valve is opened.

The rotary valve 9B includes a valve seat 26, a valve body 27,
And a reduction motor 28 for rotating the same. The valve seat 26 is fixed to the supply cylinder 22. The valve body 27 is fixed to the rotating shaft 29. The rotating shaft 29 is the supply cylinder 22.
And is attached to the supply cylinder 22 via a bearing. As shown in FIG. 10, when the valve body 27 is rotated upward, the valve body 27 comes into close contact with the valve seat 26 and closes the valve. Disc 2
The valve 7 is opened when it is rotated 90 degrees from the position shown in the figure. The valve seat is formed in a shape that comes into close contact when the rotary valve rotates upward.

The rotary valves 9B provided above and below the temporary storage chamber 25 may have the same shape. Supply room 24
Is designed to have substantially the same volume as the temporary storage chamber 25 or a little smaller than this. This is because all the waste plastic stored in the supply chamber 24 is temporarily supplied to the storage chamber 25.

Further, the thermal decomposition means 1 of the oiling apparatus shown in FIGS . 13 to 16 is a cylindrical transfer heating member E composed of a screw conveyor, and heating for heating the transfer heating member E. And a furnace 6. The transfer heating member E is made of stainless steel, and is composed of a portion provided with fins of the screw conveyor.
A transfer member 4 to be temporary reservoir of the screw conveyor
And a a temporary reservoir heating unit 38 configured in connected in series.

The temporary storage heating section 38 is composed of two temporary storage sections 5a connected in series via the transfer member 4. The temporary storage section 5a temporarily stores and heats the waste plastic transferred by the transfer member 4. The temporary storage section 5a has an upper opening, and the opening is closed by a cover plate 5B. The cover plate 5B has a discharge port opened. The outlet is connected to the condenser via a gas transfer pipe.

The transfer members 4 are arranged on both sides of the temporary storage section 5a. The transfer member 4 is composed of a screw conveyor
The transfer cylinder 4A, the screw shaft 4B arranged coaxially with the transfer cylinder 4A, a drive motor (not shown) for rotating the screw shaft 4B, and a closing gap adjusting lid for closing the outlet of the transfer cylinder 4A. 4C and. The transfer cylinder 4A and the screw shaft 4B are made of stainless steel so that waste plastic can be decomposed more efficiently.

A spiral fin 4a is fixed to the screw shaft 4B of the transfer member. The fin 4a is partially removed to form a temporary storage portion 5a. The part where the fins 4a are removed does not have the ability to transfer waste plastic,
Waste plastic is temporarily stagnated here.

Further, the fins of the screw shaft 4B
As shown in the cross-sectional view of FIG.
It is provided in the part excluding the exit. Screwco of this structure
Nvea does not transfer the residue near the outlet with fins.
The residue extruded from the outlet is the residue that is extruded later.
It is pushed by the residue and pushed out. For this reason, the finless
The clew conveyor more reliably blocks the discharge port
Can be continuously discharged.

Furthermore, FIGS. 17 to 20 show a temporary reservoir having a different structure. Screw shown in FIG.
The temporary storage section 5a of the conveyor removes a part of the fin 4a and fixes the weir 5F to the bottom of the transfer cylinder 4A.
The weir 5F becomes a resistance of the waste plastic to be transferred and delays the transfer. The temporary storage part 5a shown in FIG. 18 has a through hole 5D formed in the fin 4a. In the fin 4a having the through hole 5D, the waste plastic in the molten state to be transferred passes through the through hole 5D and the transfer capability is reduced. Furthermore, FIG.
The temporary storage portion 5a shown in FIG. 9 and FIG. 20 extends vertically on the outer periphery of the fin 4a to fix the scraping plate 5E. Scraping plate 5E
Has a serrated outer edge. The scraping plate 5E is the fin 4a
Rotate the waste plastic with to slow the transfer. In this way, the temporary storage section 5a that rotates the waste plastic by the scraping plate 5E can also scrape the waste plastic attached to the inner surface of the transfer cylinder 4A. In this way, the shape of the fins 4a fixed to the screw shaft 4B can be devised to delay the transfer of the waste plastic to form the temporary storage portion 5a. The time during which the waste plastic is stagnated in the temporary storage portion 5a is adjusted by the fin shape of the screw shaft.

The fins 4a arranged inside the transfer cylinder 4A connected to the supply means 2 transfer the waste plastic fed from the supply means 2 to the temporary storage section 5a. The fins 4a fixed to the screw shaft 4B between the temporary storage portions 5a transfer the molten plastic from the first temporary storage portion 5a to the next connected temporary storage portion 5a. A part of the plastic is thermally decomposed and removed in the pot body 5A. Further, the screw shaft 4B connected to the discharge side of the temporary storage section 5a discharges the residual residue thermally decomposed in the kettle body 5A.

That is, the waste plastic is partially separated as pyrolysis vapor in the first temporary storage section 5a, and further separated as pyrolysis vapor in the next temporary storage section 5a.
Furthermore, the pyrolysis vapor is separated from the remaining plastic,
The last remaining residue is discharged.

In order to separate the waste plastics as pyrolysis vapors in this manner, the first temporary storage section 5a
Then, the heating temperature of the plastic of the next temporary storage section 5a is set to be gradually higher. In order to heat the temporary reservoir at different temperatures, the heating furnace is divided into two as shown in FIG. The temperature of the temporary storage section 5a is set to an optimum value depending on the type of waste plastic to be thermally decomposed, but is preferably adjusted to the range of 300 to 700 ° C.

The tip portion of the transfer cylinder has the same structure as the thermal decomposition means shown in FIG. 8, and continuously discharges the waste plastic residue.

[0067]

[Effect of the invention] The oiling device according to claim 1 of the present invention.
Heating on a screw conveyor without opening the heating pot
The residue can be discharged from the kettle for continuous operation, and with excellent processing capacity
An excellent feature that can efficiently recover oil from waste plastic
There is a long. It is because the oilification device of the present invention continuously removes the residue.
Connect the screw conveyor that discharges
The screw conveyor transfer cylinder above the bottom of the heating kettle.
Connected to a new position so that the residue can be discharged.
In addition, the screw shaft of the screw conveyor
Fix the spiral fin on the part of the tube except the outlet,
The residue transferred by the fin blocks the discharge port of the transfer cylinder.
Because it can be held and the residue can be discharged from the heating pot in this state
is there. The heating kettle that keeps the discharge port blocked with residue
Gas leaked from the synthetic resin by heating
It can be prevented. Therefore, the gas component generated in the heating pot is
Efficiently transferred to the condenser and effectively recovered as oil
It For this reason, waste plastic can be effectively and efficiently
There is a feature that can be collected. In addition, gas components from the outlet
Since it does not leak, there is a risk of ignition and explosion.
It has the feature that oil can be recovered safely and efficiently.

Further, in the oil recycling apparatus for waste plastics according to claim 3 of the present invention, the thermal decomposition means has a spiral shape.
One screw shaft with fins inside the transfer cylinder
Equipped with a screw conveyor installed in the
Temporary storage parts provided at multiple locations in the
Temporary reservoir heating unit that temporarily heats the plastic stick
I am trying. In the oilification device having this structure, the waste plastic transferred by the screw conveyor is temporarily stagnation in the temporary storage section of the screw conveyor and thermally decomposed. The oiling device having this structure has the features that it can be continuously operated and that the whole can be made compact and the processing capacity can be increased. This is because the waste plastic is stagnated and pyrolyzed in the temporary storage part of the screw conveyor.

Further, the waste plastic oiling device of this structure is provided with a plurality of temporary storages provided on the screw conveyor.
Disposal plastics can gradually pyrolyzed by heating to high temperature in parts. That is, waste plastic is the first temporary storage
At a low temperature, it is heated at a low temperature to be thermally decomposed, and in this step, the plastic which is easily decomposed by heat can be transferred to the condenser as a thermally decomposed vapor. Furthermore, waste plastic which has not been thermally decomposed at low temperature, it is further decomposed by being heated to a high temperature Ri good in the next one o'clock reservoir. Thus, the screw conveyor
The oiling apparatus of the present invention capable of gradually heating to a high temperature in a plurality of temporary storage sections provided in the middle of the process to turn the waste plastic into a pyrolysis vapor is a conventional apparatus that is heated to a high temperature from the beginning to pyrolyze. By comparison, the waste plastic can be oiled continuously and the gas component can be reduced to increase the oil recovery rate. This is because components that can be gasified when decomposed at high temperature but can be oiled at low temperature can be effectively oiled. Also, since a part of the waste plastic can be heated to a low temperature to be oiled, the heat energy required for oiling is small
It also realizes the feature that oil can be efficiently oiled by reducing heating energy.

Furthermore, the waste plastic oiling apparatus of the present invention is provided with a temporary storage between one screw conveyor.
Since the parts are provided , the processing capacity can be remarkably increased as compared with the batch type heating pot. In particular, the waste plastic can be gradually heated to a high temperature to be pyrolyzed vapor, so first, a large amount of the waste plastic is pyrolyzed at a low temperature,
The remaining waste plastic can be pyrolyzed at high temperature. For this reason, there is a feature that a large amount of waste plastic can be oilized extremely efficiently.

Furthermore, the waste plastic of the present invention
The oiling device will be disposed of in the middle of the screw conveyor.
There is a temporary reservoir that stalls the transfer of ticks,
Heat waste plastic to decompose. Because of this, the whole
The structure can be simplified and the total length is shortened for high efficiency.
The feature is that a large amount of waste plastic can be oiled.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing an example of a conventional plasticizer for waste plastic oil.

FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing an example of a conventional waste plastic oiling device.

FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing an example of a conventional waste plastic oiling device.

FIG. 4 is a block diagram showing an example of a conventional waste plastic oiling device.

FIG. 5 is a block diagram showing an example of a conventional waste plastic oiling device.

FIG. 6 is a block diagram showing an example of a conventional waste plastic oiling device.

FIG. 7 is a graph showing the amount of gas and carbide with respect to temperature.

FIG. 8 is a sectional view of an oiling device showing an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 9 is a plan view of the oilification device shown in FIG.

10 is a sectional view of the supply means shown in FIG.

FIG. 11 is a sectional view showing an example of catalyst means.

FIG. 12 is a sectional view of the catalyst means shown in FIG.

FIG. 13 is a sectional view of an oiling device according to another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 14 is a plan view of a transfer heating member of the oilification device shown in FIG.

15 is a partial cross-sectional side view of the oilification device shown in FIG.

16 is a cross-sectional view of the oilification device shown in FIG.

FIG. 17 is a cross-sectional view showing a transfer heating member of an oilification device according to another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 18 is a sectional view showing a transfer heating member of an oilification device according to another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 19 is a cross-sectional view showing a transfer heating member of an oilification device according to another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 20 is a cross-sectional view showing a transfer heating member of an oilification device according to another embodiment of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 ... Pyrolysis means 2 ... Supply means 3 ... Condenser 4 ... Transfer member 4A ... Transfer cylinder 4B ... Screw shaft 4C ... Closure gap adjusting lid 4a ... Fins 5 ... Heating pot 5A ... Pot body 5B ... Lid plate 5C ... Discharge kettle 5D ... Through hole 5E ... Scraping plate 5F ... Weir 5a ... Temporary storage part 6 ... Heating furnace 7 ... Carry-in port 8 ... Discharge port 9 ... Gas cutoff valve 9a ... Open / close plate 9b ...
… Direct-acting cylinder 9A… Gate valve 9B… Rotary valve 10… Stirring blade 10A… Rotation shaft 10B…
… Blade 10C …… Gas stirring blade 10D …… Drive motor 11 …… Fin 12 …… Radiation fin 13 …… Gas transfer pipe 14 …… Catalyst member 15 …… Heat insulator 16 …… Burner 17 …… Casing 18 …… Catalyst 19 ... Exhaust flue 20 ... Open / close lid 21 ... Oil tank 22 ... Supply cylinder 23 ... Control member 24 ... Supply chamber 25 ... Temporary storage chamber 26 ... Valve seat 27 ... Valve body 28 ... … Decelerating motor 29 …… Rotating shaft 31 …… Decomposition tank 32 …… Melting tank 33 …… Condenser 34 …… Tank 35 …… Screw type pyrolyzer 36 …… Reaction tube 37 …… Flash condenser 38 …… Temporary Reservoir heating unit E ... Transfer heating member

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. A thermal decomposition means (1) for heating and thermally decomposing waste plastic, a supply means (2) for supplying waste plastic to the thermal decomposition means (1), and a thermal decomposition means (1).
In an oilification device comprising a condenser (3) for cooling and gasifying a gas body sent out from a thermal decomposition means (1), a thermal decomposition means (1) and a heating furnace heated by the heating furnace (6). The kettle (5), the stirring blade (10) for stirring the waste plastic supplied to the heating kettle (5 ), and the heating kettle (5 ) are connected to each other to remove the residue from the heating kettle (5) to the outside.
Equipped with a screw conveyor to discharge
Mvea has a screw shaft inside the transfer cylinder (4A).
(4B) is arranged, and the transfer cylinder (4A) is a heating pot.
The transfer cylinder (4A) is connected to (5) and has a bottom
As a position higher than the bottom of the heating pot (5), place it in the heating pot (5).
It is connected and is installed inside the transfer cylinder (4A).
The screw shaft (4B) is spirally wound on the outer circumference.
The fins (4a) of the
a) is arranged in a portion of the transfer cylinder (4A) excluding the discharge port.
The screw shaft (4B) is rotated,
The residue is discharged from the heating kettle (5) through the transfer cylinder (4A).
The residue discharged from the transfer cylinder (4A) is
Remove the transfer tube (4A) at the outlet of the transfer tube (4A) without a)
Be configured to hold closed and drain residue
An oil liquefaction device for waste plastic characterized by the following. 2. An opening area is provided at the discharge port of the transfer cylinder (4A).
Contractor with adjustable closing gap adjustment lid (4C)
The waste plastic oiling apparatus according to claim 1. 3. A thermal decomposition means (1) for heating and thermally decomposing waste plastic, a supply means (2) for supplying the waste plastic to this thermal decomposition means (1), and a thermal decomposition means (1) for delivering the waste plastic. And a condenser (3) for cooling the gas body to be oiled, and the thermal decomposition means (1) has a spiral fin (4a).
One screw Usha shift of (4B) a transfer cylinder (4A)
With a screw conveyor installed inside,
The conveyor temporarily stops the waste plastic being transferred.
Provision of temporary storage parts (5a) to stagnate at multiple points along the way
Remove the waste plastic from the temporary storage (5a).
As a temporary storage heating unit (38) for temporarily storing and heating
And is transferred by the fin (4a) of the screw conveyor.
Waste plastic to be temporarily stored in the temporary storage section (5a)
It stagnates and is heated and decomposed, and is temporarily stored in the heating section (38).
The generated residue is the screw shuffle on the screw conveyor.
It is configured to be discharged to the outside
Oil recycling equipment for waste plastics. 4. A temporary storage part (5 ) of a screw conveyor.
a) is a portion where the fins (4a) are removed, the transfer cylinder (4)
Outside the fins (4a), where the weir (5F) is fixed to the bottom of the
Consists of one of the parts where the scraping plate (5E) is fixed to the circumference
The waste plasticizer for oil according to claim 3, wherein