JPH07100886B2 - Vacuum spinning of binding yarn from sliver - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION US Pat. No. 4,507,913 is effective for yarns having properties close to ring spinning. The basic technique disclosed in this specification is “vaccum spinning”. And has many advantages over conventional approaches.

Until relatively recently, about 90% of all spinning machines were ring spinning machines. However, many new high speed techniques have recently been utilized, including open end spinning, friction spinning, hollow core spinning and air jet spinning. However, none of these new commercial systems have been successful in producing long staple fiber yarns, especially for fabrics. However,
Vacuum spinning allows the production of long short fiber yarns with properties close to ring spinning yarns suitable for use in clothing.

Vacuum spinning has many advantages as compared with conventional ring spinning. That is, at least 6 to 8 times as high productivity can be expected as compared with the commercially available ring spinning, and in spite of the increase in the negative scrutiny as described above, the ring spinning is more spun than the open end or air jet type yarn. It has similar properties and produces significantly less horsepower per yarn point produced than air jet spinning using compressed air.

Vacuum spinning is suitable for automatic end piece-up, automatic slaving, automatic adaptation, production of large delivery packages and utilization of large supply packages (e.g., 25 pound cans of sliver). 55% polyester / 45% wool at least 1/8'S to 1/60'S, 100% wool at least 1/8'S
A wide range of counts from S to 1/40'S can be provided for long short fiber yarns. Labor costs per pound produced are lower compared to ring spun yarn.

The present invention also has the following advantages. This method is suitable for high draft ratios (e.g. 10-80) and can be modified to produce both long and short staple fibers,
Yarns with "S" or "Z" twists can be produced. Many yarns with unique novelty can be produced.
The device is simple and easy to maintain, the noise level can be adjusted by placing the vacuum pump in a remote location and therefore the OS
Obtained the consent of HA law. The device is operated for washing, since the cotton dust is automatically removed by the vacuum and no oily waste is introduced. Since no tension is applied to the yarn, about 400% less tip breakage is possible compared to ring spinning, and waste is reduced by stopping the draft area for tip breakage. Also, thread-up of a broken tip can be done with minimal operator intervention. This system can be implemented with heavier sliver (for example, 55 to 40 grains per thread, compared to traditional 35 to 40 grains), with longer draft zones and longer nozzles for carpeting. Threads can also be manufactured. While steaming the yarn may be necessary for uniform dyeability, it may not be necessary for handling most count mixtures, and steaming is easy to carry out.

The yarn produced by the present invention comprises a core fiber and a wrapper fiber. The coated fiber is predominantly an individual fiber although there are some chunks of the coated fiber. The clumps of coated fibers are non-uniform and appear to be clumps of inconsistent fibers, providing a relatively smooth surface. On the other hand, the core fibers are essentially parallel to the coated fibers which are evenly distributed around them. Therefore, although the binding yarn according to the present invention is different from the generally known ring spun yarn in appearance, it is almost the same as the ring spun yarn. For example, the yarns according to the invention are more similar to core spun, open end spun, Muratajet spun, Torre or ring spun spun than conventional yarns of DREFII.

As indicated above, the binding yarns of the present invention are essentially parallel staple staple fibers. The coated fibers of short fibers are evenly distributed around the core fiber, and the coated fibers have a helix angle of about 30 ° (belix angl).
It is coated with e), and about 20 to 30% of the total fiber consists of coated fiber.

Bundling yarns according to the present invention may also be described as yarns having essentially parallel staple fiber cores having coated staple fibers forming a helix angle of about 30 to 50 °, The woven fibers have no folded or face down coated fibers and are essentially free of woodworking cones or corkscrew-like coated fibers. Rather, the coated fibers have a smooth appearance.

Bundling yarns according to the present invention may be manufactured primarily with coatings such as staple fibers and non-thermoplastic staple fibers, with the majority of coated fibers being cotton, wool, rayon, mohair, hemp, ramie,
Although selected from the group consisting of silk and mixtures thereof, yarns according to the present invention are constructed using some or all thermoplastic fibers or mixtures thereof such as acrylic, polyester and other thermoplastic fibers. Good.

The yarn according to the invention has a surprising and desired strength. For example, a yarn made in accordance with the present invention from 1/18'S counts of 45% polyester and 55% wool has a minimum Tel 45 of about 500.
% And 55% wool with 1/18'S count, the yarn produced according to the present invention has a minimum gram brea of about 500.
yarns made from the same count of 100% wool would have a minimum gram breaking strength of at least about 175. Therefore, even when made from 100% wool, the yarn according to the invention is suitable for making apparel.

The apparatus and method of the present invention generally have all of the same advantages as described above for vacuum spinning in general. Further, according to the present invention, the "nozzle" of the vacuum spinning apparatus can be constructed in a simpler and more advantageous method in the production of yarn from roving. By providing an internal, generally conical vacuum tank instead of a spherical vacuum tank, manufacturing is easier and yarns with slightly better breaking strength can be manufactured.

The present invention also facilitates linear yarn production from the sliver.

The yarn forming device of the present invention has a first end, a second end, and a passage extending from the first end to the second end, and at least a part of the entire circumference of the shaft is perforated. An elongated hollow shaft, and means for mounting the shaft for rotation about its axis, and means for rotating the shaft about its axis, linearly, generally about its axis of rotation. Along the way, the textile fibers are passed through a lengthy passageway in the shaft and the means for feeding the fibers into their first end and the fibers passing through the shaft as the textile generally moves linearly along the axis of rotation. Means for applying a vacuum to the outside of the shaft so that the non-fixed end or at least some of the fibers are pulled toward the bore of the shaft and begin to rotate with the shaft, and the first end of the shaft opposite the first end. Thread formed from two ends A yarn forming device comprising a device for retracting, as the fibers pass through the passage, the free ends of the fibers adjacent to the holes or at least some of the fibers rise and coat around the fiber core. In addition, the diameter of a portion of the passage is enlarged near the hole.

The unique "nozzle" for producing yarns with good strength properties directly from the sliver according to the invention preferably comprises a generally conical inner chamber, the holes connected to the inner chamber being generally It is wedge-shaped and the size of the internal passage in the shaft adjacent the first end of the shaft is very large compared to the diameter of the shaft passage between the internal chamber and the second end of the shaft, It has the shape of a truncated cone. Although large enough to allow free movement inside, the internal chamber must not be so large that the vacuum source pulls the fibers through the holes. The bore and the passage between the first end of the shaft and the bore are sized for optimal coverage. That is, it is large enough to allow sufficient air flow that does not interfere with optimal coverage. In this way the optimum coating can be achieved for all given applications.

Vacuum spinning is generally an easy method of maintenance, but it is difficult to thread the thread through the shaft passage into the tensioning device during the initial start. This technique is not self-initiating, traditionally using a threading wire at the tip of the fiber and manually pushing or pulling the threading wire until the fiber is completely through the passage. It was carried out by. The fibers were then wrapped around a tensioner cone or similar tensioner.

In accordance with the present invention, there is provided a method and apparatus that greatly facilitates threading an elongated hollow shaft of a vacuum spinning system initially. According to the invention, a first non-acting position remote from the opening into a second working position operatively connected to the opening so as to draw a vacuum in the tank through the first end of the tube and to the vacuum source. The initial threading is done in a useful semi-automatic procedure with the vacuum tube mounted for rotation with respect to the vacuum tank so that the second end of the tube can be moved from position. The axis of rotation of the tube is generally parallel to the axis of rotation of the elongated shaft of the vacuum spinning machine,
Therefore, when the tube is rotated to the second working position, the first
The end is immediately adjacent to the second end of the elongate shaft, and all passages up to that end suck the fibers attached into the shaft. Preferably, there is provided a means responsive to rotation of the vacuum tube from the first position to the second position to interrupt the vacuum applied to the outside of the elongated shaft as the vacuum tube moves to the second position. .

The accompanying drawings describe preferred embodiments.

The basic vacuum spinning device 14 shown in FIG. 9 is disclosed in US Pat.
Device 14 is similar to that shown in 7,913.
It consists of an outer frame 16 of metal, ceramic, etc. operatively connected via an integrated nipple 17 to a vacuum source 18 such as a vacuum pump providing 20 inches of mercury (or more) at 9 cfm. Waku
The inside of 16 is hollow. The internal "nozzle" of the device 14 is indicated generally by the reference numeral 20 and has a first end 21 and a second end 22 thereof. The gear 24 is mounted on the second end 22, and the gear 24
Is connected to another suitable gear and to a drive (not shown) for rotating the "nozzle" 20. The drive may rotate the "nozzle" 20 clockwise or counterclockwise as desired to provide a Z or S twist.

From a draft system (not shown), the sliver S passes through the tight part of the front feed roll 26 and the manufactured yarn X exits the second end 22 of the device 14.

The "nozzle" of the present invention for producing yarn from sliver
Details of 20 are shown in FIG.

The "nozzle" 20 comprises an elongated hollow shaft having a first end 21 and a second end 22. A passage extends from the end 21 to the end 22. The passage includes a first portion 31 adjacent the first end 21 and an inner chamber portion 32 near but not attached to the first end 21.
And a third portion 33 that extends all the way from the portion 32 to the second end 22
Includes and. In the particular embodiment shown in FIG. 10, the diameter of portion 33 is 1/16 inch and is substantially constant.

A shaft is mounted in the case 16 for rotation and preferably comprises bearings 35,36. Annular flange 37
Extends outwardly from the shaft 30 adjacent the end 22,
Integrating with it, the bearing 36 adjoins the flange 37. The gear 24 is press fit into the outer cylindrical surface 38 of the shaft 30 so that the gear 24 rotates the shaft 30.

FIG. 10 shows a shaft which is particularly adapted for forming the yarn Y from sliver rather than from roving. Producing yarn directly from sliver instead of roving has of course many advantages. This is because the step of the yarn forming process (and the related apparatus for performing the step) is not required. According to the present invention, when producing yarn from a sliver instead of from roving, the first end 21 while sufficiently limiting the path of movement of the fiber so that vacuum does not pull the fiber out of the shaft.
It has been discovered that it is necessary to maximize the air flow from the to the vacuum source 18. In the particular embodiment shown in FIG. 10,
The first passage portion 31 is much larger than the portion 33 and provides a hole 40 having a total effective area that is generally comparable to the effective area of flow within the passage portion 31 so as to provide optimal fiber coverage. This provides this maximum airflow.

The passage portion 31 is substantially circular in cross section, and in the embodiment of FIG. 10 has a diameter of about 0.387 inches, at which point the outer diameter of the shaft 30 is about 0.5 inches. The middle portion 32 of the passage is generally conical in shape, and in particular has a regular conical shape. The passage portion 32 is sized so as to include means for the fibers to move freely therein, and thus has a sufficient distance to cover the circumference of the core during the production of the yarn Y from the sliver S. I can give you. First
For the special structure shown in Figure 10,
Can form 31,32: -Use a No. 4 center drill to coaxially penetrate end 21 to a depth of approximately 0.51 inches.

Using a -15/64 inch drill, coaxially re-penetrate the end 21 to a depth of about 0.497 inch.

Using a -1/4 inch end mill, coaxially penetrate end 21 to a depth of about 0.42 inch.

Using a 3/8 inch 60 ° countersink, re-coaxially penetrate end 21 to a depth of 0.52 inch.

Simply use a 1/16 inch drill to coaxially penetrate end 22,
The passage portion 33 is formed by drilling all the way to the preformed passage portion 32. Other typical sizes for shaft 30 are: distance 42 is about 3/8 inch, end 22 is about 0.503 inch in diameter, flange 37 is about 0.125 inch thick, and bearing 36 is The diameter is approximately 0.501 inches and the flange from the first end of shaft 30 to 37
The length of shaft 30 up to the beginning is about 1.5625 inches.

Note that there is a tapered wall portion between the passage portion 32 and the passage portion 33 of the hole 40, which is designated by the reference numeral 44 in FIG. 10, the shaft having no tapered wall. Compared to the same shape of 30, significantly better results are obtained with this tapered wall.

For the embodiment shown in FIG. 10, four holes 40 are preferred, and are equally spaced from the perimeter of shaft 30.
Each hole 40 is generally wedge shaped. The width of each hole 40 on the outer surface of shaft 30 is generally indicated by the reference numeral 46,
It is 0.34 inches. To drill an opening from around into the passage portion 32 using a 3/32 inch drill at an angle of about 34 °, and then to form a surface 48 that is essentially perpendicular to the direction of the third portion 33 of the passage. Each hole 40 is formed by horizontally expanding the hole. The result obtained by providing the passage portion 33 with a generally vertical surface 48 is a significant improvement over not drilling and widening the 3/32 inch hole at a 34 ° angle. There is.

Another exemplary form of nozzle that may be used in the present invention is No. 11
Shown in Figures 15 to 15. While all of these nozzles are useful for forming yarns, the results of comparative tests on these nozzles show that some produce yarns with significantly better properties than others. Will.

The nozzle 120 shown in FIG. 11 has four rows of 1/16 inch diameter holes 140, each at a 90 ° angle to passage 133, and is generally 1/8 inch in diameter and extends all the way. Aisle 133
have.

The nozzles 220 of FIG. 12 are each 1/16 inch in diameter and have a second end 222.
It has a continuously extending passageway 233 of 1/8 inch in diameter with four holes 140 angled in the direction.

The nozzle 320 of FIG. 13 is connected to its second end 322,
It has a passage portion 333 with a diameter of 1/16 inch. The first
The passage portion 331 adjacent the end is approximately 1/8 inch in diameter. Between the passage portions 331 and 333, four holes 340 with an angle of 1/16 inch in diameter extending outward from the tank 332 are formed.
There is a 4 inch spherical vacuum tank 332.

The nozzle 420 in FIG. 14 has a 1/16 inch diameter passage section 433.
And a passage portion 431 having a diameter of 1/8 inch. Passage
The 432 can be thought of as a vacuum tank and is conical.
4 1 / 16-inch angled holes connected to tank 432 4
There are 40.

The nozzle 520 of FIG. 15 is essentially the same as the nozzle 20 of FIG. 10 (note that FIG. 15 is shown diagrammatically), except that the complete passage portion 531 has the shape of a truncated cone. Thus, the shape of the passage portion 532 and the exact location of the hole 40 are slightly different.

The nozzles shown in Figures 11 to 14 are suitable for forming yarns from rovings, but do not form particularly strong and useful yarns from sliver. However, the nozzle 520 of FIG. 15 and the nozzle 20 of FIG. 10 are capable of making strong threads from the sliver, increasing the total air flow through the hole from its first end to the vacuum source 18. Also, the middle portions 32,532 of the passages allow the fibers to move freely so that they are more safely lifted and wrapped around the core. However, the passages 32,532 are not so large that the vacuum from the source 18 pulls the fibers from the holes 40,540. Also, in this embodiment, it is not so large that it is stretched between the first end of the shaft and the bore. Also, in this embodiment, the holes and passage portions are sized so that the holes and passage portions are of a size which is proportional to the effective cross-sectional area of the passage portion between the first end of the shaft and the hole. It is not a limiting factor for obtaining the optimum coating effect. In this way the optimum coating for all given applications is achieved.

The following Table 1 shows the same composition of the feed materials as shown in Figs. 11 to 15
The result of the test performed with the nozzle of the figure is shown. In each example, 1/19 ′S poly / hair-feeding fiber, 3d × 3, 1 /
2 '× 4 1 / 2't-655 Dacron Natu
55% ral) (polyester) and 45% WP644 Wool Natural were used. Vacuum source in each example
Although 18 provided a vacuum of about 14-15 inches of mercury, the air flow rate was significantly higher in the embodiment of FIG. 15 than the others.

Surprisingly, the breaking strength of the yarn produced directly from the sliver using the nozzle of Figure 15 is from roving using the nozzle of Figure 14 (which has a similar structure to the nozzle of Figure 15). It was higher than the breaking strength of the manufactured yarn. It should be noted that while the nozzles of Figures 11-13 are suitable for use with a diffuser, the nozzles of Figures 14 and 15 are not designed for use with a diffuser.

It should also be noted that the generally conical passage portion (vacuum tank) 432 of the nozzle of FIG. 14 provides higher breaking strength yarn than the spherical vacuum tank 332 of the embodiment of FIG. Is. The vacuum tanks 332, 432 serve to radiate the fibers to facilitate other functions, such as coating.
It also has a function of providing a chamber (volume) for al reflection).

Therefore, the device of the present invention has a first end 21 and a second end 22,
Elongated hollow shaft 30 with passages 31,32,33 extending all the way
Is included. A hole 40 is formed in at least a part of the entire circumference. The means for raising the shaft for rotation consist of bearings 35, 36 and frame 16, and the means for rotating the shaft about its axis consist of gear 24 and associated drive components (not shown). The feed roll 26 and other components comprise means for passing the textile fibers S through the passages 31-33 of the shaft 30 in a straight line, generally along its axis of rotation, the fibers being fed into the first end 21. To be done. Source 18 shaft 30
To provide a vacuum to the outside of the shaft, so that the unfixed end of the fiber or at least some of the fiber passing through the shaft is pulled towards the bore 40 of the shaft, generally linearly along the axis of rotation. Rotated by the shaft as it moves, the passage section 32 has sufficient capacity to lift the fibers and coat them around the core. A collection roller or similar conventional component provides a means for collecting the formed yarn Y from end 22. The embodiment shown in FIGS. 10 and 15 can be used to make yarns with properties close to those of ring spinning directly from the sliver.

In the tests carried out with different blends and worsted yarns using the nozzles of Figures 16 to 18, the following results were obtained (all results are ± E, "SS" is short staple fiber). means).

As can be seen from the results of the tests, the yarns produced according to the present invention have a breaking strength comparable to that of denier at least 500 g for yarns made from 1/18'S count fibers of 55% polyester and 45% wool. Have First with only an actual chamber configuration similar to chamber 646 in FIG.
The test was also performed using the same nozzle as in FIG. In such a test, a yarn of a mixture of 45% polyester and 55% wool was 518 gram breaking and 8.4% elongation when spun from a 1/18'S count sliver. When spun from a sliver of 100% wool of the same count, the gram breaking strength was 248 and the elongation was 14.1%. Thus, by practicing the present invention, yarns having sufficient properties for use as clothing can also be produced from non-thermoplastic staple fibers.

The nozzle 620 of FIG. 16 has a passage portion 642 connected to its second end and a passage portion 621 connected to its first end. Between passage portions 621 and 624, a 1/4 inch diameter spherical vacuum tank 622 has four 1/16 inch diameter angled holes extending outwardly from tank 622. .

In FIG. 17, the nozzle 630 has a first passage armor 631 having the shape of a truncated cone and a second passage 624 which is comparable to the passage 624 of the embodiment of FIG.
Has a passage portion 634 of. It also has a conical intermediate passage section 632 with four angled 1/16 inch holes 633 connected thereto, which may be considered a vacuum source.

The nozzle 640 of FIG. 18 includes a first conical passage portion 641 and a first conical passage portion 641.
It includes a second portion 644 and a pair of passage portions 642 and 646 that are comparable to the passage portion 624 of the illustrated embodiment. Each of the passage portions 642 and 646 is generally conical and has four 1/16 inch diagonal holes 643,647 each extending outwardly.

Looking at the vacuum spun yarn according to the invention shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, it will be appreciated that the binding yarn is provided from staple fibers comprising core fibers and coated fibers. Although the coated fibers have several lumps, the coated fibers are primarily individual fibers. The coated fiber mass is a non-uniform and non-uniform mass of fibers that provides a relatively smooth surface. The core fibers are essentially parallel to the coated fibers evenly distributed around them. The core fiber has the same dyeability as the coated fiber.

Another way in which the yarns of FIGS. 1 and 2 can be described is by binding with staple fibers of essentially parallel cores, with the covering fibers of the staple fibers distributed evenly around the core fibers. It is a thread. The coated fibers are coated at a helix angle of about 30 ° (eg, about 30-50 °) and about 20-30% of the fiber mass consists of coated fibers. The coated fibers have no folded or everted coated fibers, essentially no coated fibers in the form of woodworking cones or corkscrews, but rather have a smooth appearance.

Comparing the vacuum spun yarn of FIGS. 1 and 2 with the conventional ring spun yarn of FIG. 5 and the other conventional spun yarns of FIGS. 3 and 5-8, FIGS. Vacuum spinning is No. 5
It has the closest appearance to the ring spun yarn in the figure.

The core spun yarn of FIG. 3 has core fibers parallel to short fiber yarns that are twisted (true twist) around the yarn mass for strength. This is not a binding thread.

The true end of the open end thread in Figure 4 is a tree twist.
And having a surface interspersed with loose coated fibers around the mass. This is also not a binding thread.

The MJS air-spun yarn of FIG. 6 is the next closest to the ring spun yarn among the known spun yarns (close to the second because the vacuum spun yarn is the closest). MJS yarns show a small amount of twist in the core fiber, about 5
It has fibers coated at an angle of 5 °. The coated fiber is about 10%. The coated fibers are more or less in the form of individual fibers.

The Toray yarn of FIG. 7 has coated fibers placed at an angle of about 45 ° and appears to be more deeply embedded in the core fiber than the other yarns, giving the appearance of a corkscrew. Like the Taslan yarn, the surface fibers tend to enter the fiber mass and build up. About 20% of the fibers are coated surface fibers. The woodworking cone-like or corkscrew-like appearance of the Toray yarn is quite different from the smooth appearance of the vacuum spun yarn.

The DRER II yarn of FIG. 8 is a friction spun yarn with a true twist and no coated fibers on the surface. This thread is also not a binding thread.

Note that the binding yarn according to the invention is made from 100% non-plastic staple fibers or from a major part of the staple fibers of the core and the coating can be non-plastic staple fibers. That is, at least the majority of the staple fibers forming the binding yarn of the present invention may be selected from the group consisting of cotton, mohair, hemp, ramie, silk, wool, rayon and mixtures thereof. However, the binding yarn according to the invention is not limited to non-plastic fibers, but can also be produced from acrylic, polyester and other fibers, or mixtures thereof with non-plastic fibers.

It should be noted that vacuum spun yarn has many differences compared to other known binding yarns. Some properties of vacuum spun yarn that are not found in all other binding yarns are:
Vacuum spun yarn does not require thermoplastic fibers, has a controlled surface fiber coating, the coated fibers can be the same as the core (not melted by heat), the molecular structure does not change, so the threads are the same The dyed fibers (core and surface fibers have the same dyeability) and the coated fibers are laminated in parallel and do not loop to each other in a non-uniform pattern.

According to the present invention there is provided a yarn suitable for making a garment consisting of a tie yarn, which has good strength and appearance properties and most closely resembles a ring spun yarn. Also, the yarn according to the invention is produced with fewer steps and at a much faster speed than ring spinning. For example, for long short fiber yarns that are ring spun, the short fibers are first mixed and used to make a gill, plow, four times zirle, roving, finely spun, rolled and then used for end use. On the other hand, a vacuum spun yarn made of long short fibers is manufactured as follows. The fibers are mixed, zirle, plow, 3 times zirle, vacuum spun and ready for end use. Thus, vacuum spun long staples have three fewer steps than ring spun long staples. For vacuum-spun short staples, the same number of steps are used as for air jet-spun short staples. That is, mixing, carding,
It is pulled twice, spun, and used for final use.

The present invention also contemplates a vacuum mechanism for threading the vacuum spinning apparatus seen in FIGS. 19-23.

Referring to FIG. 19, FIG. 20 and FIG. 23, a vacuum spinning device
The conventional component of 714 is a frame 716, a passage having a first end 719 and a second end 720 and extending all the way from the first end 719 to the second end 720.
And an elongated hollow shaft 718 having 721 (see FIG. 20). At least the portion around the shaft 718 is perforated by, for example, the hole 722 (see FIG. 20), and the hole 7
22 typically consists of four holes evenly around the circumference of shaft 718. For example, by means of bearing means extending between shaft 718 and frame 716 (schematically shown at 724 in Figure 20), the shaft may be rotated about axis A-A.
Place 718. Frame 716 includes conduit 726 and valve 727 (19th
Vacuum source 728 via a conventional vacuum pump (see figure)
Connect to. A motor 729 or similar power source causes the shaft to rotate about axis AA. The motor may be shafted via a gear 730 or standard drive structure such as pulleys or chain stops.
Operatively connected to 718.

In a typical use of the vacuum spinning machine 714, a drafting machine (not shown) sandwiches the sliver or roving S,
Textile fibers of sliver or roving S (feed roll 73
2) via set 1) of shaft 718
Supply at end 719. A vacuum applied outside of the perimeter of the shaft 718 causes an air flow from the first end through the hole 722 such that at least some of the fibers or unfixed ends of the fibers passing through the shaft are directed toward the shaft hole 722. Pulled,
Linearly, generally begins to rotate with the shaft as the fiber moves along the axis of rotation AA. A conventional pulling mechanism, such as the pulling cone 734 shown schematically in FIGS. 19 and 23, is operatively connected to the second end 720 of the shaft 718.

The threading device of the present invention has a reference numeral 740 in FIGS. 21 to 23.
Generally indicated by. The first major component of device 740 is vacuum tank 742, which has walls including front end wall 744. The tank 742 is operatively connected to a vacuum source 728, eg, via conventional conduit means 743.

The second major component of device 740 is vacuum tube 745. The vacuum tube has an open first end 746 and an open second end 747.

The device 740 is a means for defining an opening 749 in the tank wall 744,
It also includes means for mounting the tube 745 for rotation. In the illustrative embodiment shown in the drawings, the means for mounting the tube 745 for rotation is generally parallel to the second end 747 of the vacuum tube 745 and coaxial with the cylinder 750. It consists of a cylinder 750 with a shaft 751 extending outwards. The shaft 751 passes through a bearing opening 753 in the tank wall 744 and the free end of the shaft 751 is attached to the tank 742 by an E-clip 754 or similar attachment.
Retained within. Vacuum tube 745 has a substantially straight central portion 7
56, a first end portion 757 having a first end opening 746 and generally perpendicular to the portion 756, and generally perpendicular to the central portion 756 and generally parallel to the first end portion 757. Second end opening 747
And a second end portion 758 including. The second end portion 758 is mounted in the cylinder 750 such that the second end portion 758 is offset from the center, that is, the second end opening 747 is radially spaced from the shaft 751 as shown in FIG. Place.

A similar component consisting of cylinder 750, shaft 751, bearing opening 753 and rotating means or means for mounting tube 745 for rotation mounts tube 745 to rotate with respect to vacuum tank and 742 about axis BB. Position, so that the tube 745 is not in operative connection with the tank 742 from the first inoperative position (see FIGS. 21-23) to the second end opening of the vacuum tube.
The second operatively connected to the tank 742 because the 747 are lined up along the opening 749 in the vacuum tank wall 744.
To the working position (the dotted line portion in FIG. 22 and the positions shown in FIGS. 19 and 20). In this working position, the vacuum source 728
The vacuum drawn by causes air to flow through the first open end 746 of vacuum tube 745, through vacuum tube 745, through opening 749, and finally through conduit 743 to vacuum source 728.

A suitable stop mechanism (not shown) may be provided on the cylinder 750 and the vacuum tank 742 to stop the rotation of the vacuum tube 745 at the working position where the openings 747, 749 are lined up. In addition, spring means (not shown), such as a torsion spring connected between the shaft 751 and the tank wall 744 in the tank 742, may be included to bias the tube 745 in the inoperative position.

It is also highly desirable to prevent applying vacuum to the outside of the perimeter of shaft 718 when vacuum tube 745 is in the operative position. In the operative position, its first open end 746 is immediately adjacent to the second end 720 of the shaft 718 and is aligned with the passage 721, as shown in FIGS. Blocking the application of vacuum source 728 to frame 716 involves an electrical switch, shown schematically at 761 in FIG. 19, which involves pivot-like movement of vacuum tube 745 from the inactive position to the active position. Switch 761 may be implemented by operatively connecting tube 745, a mercury switch on tube 45, a wide range of lead switches or other commercially available structures located in cylinder 750 and associated with magnets on tank wall 744. It can be arbitrary. Electrical switch 761
Is operatively connected to a power source 762 and a conventional solenoid operator 763 for valve 727.

In the illustrative embodiment shown schematically in FIG. 19, switch 761 closes when tube 745 moves to its operative position to activate solenoid operator 763 to move valve 727 to its closed position. No vacuum is applied to the interior of frame 716. When the tube returns to the first inoperative position, the switch
761 opens and deactivates solenoid actuator 763, thus causing valve 727 to move to its normally open position.

As shown in FIG. 23, the rotation axis BB of the vacuum tube 745 is preferably mounted so as to be horizontally separated from and parallel to the rotation axis AA of the hollow shaft 718. The vacuum tube 745 mounts the tensioning cone 734 or similar tensioning mechanism so that it does not interfere.

In a typical operation of the threader, connecting fibers F (see FIG. 20) are fed to the first end 719 of the hollow shaft 718. Typically the connecting fibers F are rovings or the sliver itself, which may or may not be drafted. Once the fiber F is first supplied to the opening 719, the vacuum tube 745 is manually operated by the operator to move from the non-acting position (the solid line position in FIGS. 21 and 23 and 22) to the working position (the solid line in FIG.
Move to the position (dotted line in Fig. 19 and Fig. 20 and Fig. 22)
Since 745 rotates about shaft 51 and axis B-B, its first open end 746 is adjacent the second end 720 of the shaft and is
Lined up with 721. In this position, the tube 745 is operatively connected to the vacuum source 728 via the openings 747, 749 and the vacuum tank 742,
Draws the connecting fibers F and pulls the pieces through the passage 721 (see FIG. 20). During the manual povit-like movement of tube 745 to the operative position, switch 761 closes and valve 727 also closes in response to the switch closing.

When the piece of connecting fiber F is completely absorbed through the passage 721, the vacuum tube returns to the inoperative position. The piece of connecting fiber, ie, the portion of shaft 718 extending outwardly from the second end 720, is then operatively connected to a tensioning cone 734 or similar tensioning mechanism. The motor 729 is then started to start the vacuum spinning operation using the device 714.

If threading is needed again in the case of a "flipped", motor 728 may continue to move shaft 718 while threading again.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a 70 × photomicrograph of the vacuum spun yarn according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is a 35 × photomicrograph of the same yarn as in FIG.
Figures to 8 are micrographs of core spinning, open-end spinning, ring spinning, MJS, Torre and other conventional spinning yarns produced by the DREFII method, respectively. Fig. 9 shows a vacuum source and a feeding roller. FIG. 11 is a side view of an exemplary device according to the present invention, shown schematically in FIG. 10, a side sectional view of an exemplary “nozzle” for use with the device of FIG. 9, FIGS. 11-18. Is another form of "nozzle" for illustration that may be used in a vacuum spinning procedure.
FIG. 19 is a schematic side sectional view of FIG. 19 showing a conventional vacuum spinning apparatus from above, showing a portion of a vacuum tube of an exemplary apparatus of the present invention in inoperative connection with the vacuum spinning apparatus. FIG. 20 is a schematic side view, FIG. 20 is a side cross-sectional view of an elongate hollow shaft for vacuum spinning, showing the first end of an exemplary vacuum tube according to the present invention in inoperative connection with the shaft of a vacuum spinning apparatus. , No. 21
FIG. 19 is a perspective view from the front of the exemplary threading device of FIGS. 19 and 20, and FIG. 22 is a perspective exploded view and a rear perspective view of the device of FIG. FIG. 23 is a plan view of the vacuum spinning device of FIG.
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram from above of the device shown. 20 ... Hollow shaft, 21 ... First end, 22 ... Second end, 40
...... Hole, 728 ... Vacuum source, 734 ... Recovery device, 745 ... Vacuum tube.

 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (72) Inventor Dee Sea Lease North Carolina 27565, USA, Oxford, Route 1, Botux 56A A (no address) (72) Inventor EN・ Page Hardy USA, Virginia 23947, Keith Veil, Route 1, Box 205 A (no address) (56) Reference Japanese Patent Publication No. 55-29174 (JP, B2) US Patent 4507913 (US, A)

Claims (6)

[Claims] 1. An elongated strip having a first end, a second end, and a passage extending from the first end to the second end, wherein at least a portion of the entire circumference of the shaft is perforated. A hollow shaft, means for mounting the shaft to rotate about an axis, means for rotating the shaft about its axis, linearly, generally along its axis of rotation, Means for passing the textile fiber through the shaft's all-extending passage and feeding the fiber into its first end, and as the fiber generally moves linearly along the axis of rotation, the fixation of the fiber through the shaft. From the second end of the shaft opposite to the first end, so that the vacuum is applied to the outside of the shaft such that the non-open end or at least some of the fibers are drawn toward the bore of the shaft and begin to rotate with the shaft. Collect the formed thread And a non-fixed end of the fiber adjacent to the hole or at least some of the fiber rises as the fiber passes through the passageway and coats around the core of the fiber. A yarn forming device, wherein the diameter of a part of the passage is enlarged near the hole. 2. The enlarged portion of the passage is first
A larger cross-sectional area portion closer to the edge, the second
A device according to claim 1 including a generally conical portion having a smaller cross-sectional area portion closer to the edge. 3. The conical portion comprises a regular cone having its center aligned with the first and second ends, the hole being generally wedge shaped and extending from the conical portion to the outside of the shaft. A device according to claim 2, characterized in that 4. An elongate strip having a first end, a second end, and a passage extending all the way from the first end to the second end, the bore perforating at least a portion of the entire circumference of the shaft. A hollow shaft, a means for mounting the shaft to rotate about the axis, a means for rotating the shaft about the axis, and generally along the axis of rotation, a straight extension of the shaft Means for passing the textile fiber through the passageway and feeding the fiber to its first end, and as the fiber moves generally linearly along the axis of rotation, the free end of the fiber through the shaft or Formed from a means for applying a vacuum to the outside of the shaft so that at least a portion of the fibers are drawn towards the bore of the shaft and begin to rotate the shaft, and a second end of the shaft opposite the first end. A device that collects spun yarn And a ratio of the effective cross-sectional area of the hole to the effective cross-sectional area of the passage between the first end and the hole is determined so that an optimum fiber coating action is performed. Yarn forming device. 5. A vacuum tank having a wall, means for connecting the vacuum tank to a vacuum source, means for defining an opening in one of the tank walls, and for drawing a thread by vacuum, A threading device comprising a vacuum tube connected to a vacuum spinning device at a thread discharge port, wherein the vacuum tube has a first open end and a second open end, and a second open end of the tube is separated from the opening. From the first non-actuated position, which is connected to the opening, to the second actuated position, the vacuum being drawn through the first end of the tube into the tank and to the vacuum source. A threading device having means for mounting a vacuum tube so as to rotate. 6. A threading device associated with a vacuum spinning device, comprising:
An evacuation device having a first end and a second end, a passageway extending all the way from the first end to the second end, and an elongate hollow shaft perforated in at least a portion of the entire circumference of the shaft;
Means for mounting the shaft for rotation about a first axis, means for rotating the shaft about its axis, and applying a vacuum from a vacuum source to the outside of the shaft to provide a first end of the shaft Means for flowing air through the passages and through the holes, means for supplying woven fibers into the passages from the first end of the shaft, and means for collecting the yarn formed from the second end of the shaft. And having a first open end thereof, the vacuum tube having a first open end spaced from the second end of the shaft, the first open end of the tube having a second open end of the shaft.
So that it can be moved to a second working position adjacent to the edge,
A threader characterized by a vacuum tube mounted in line with the passageway and in operative connection with the hollow shaft, and means for operatively connecting the vacuum tube to a vacuum source when the vacuum tube is in the second working position. apparatus.