JPH0696919A - Material for permanent magnet and permanent magnet - Google Patents
Material for permanent magnet and permanent magnetInfo
- Publication number
- JPH0696919A JPH0696919A JP4269444A JP26944492A JPH0696919A JP H0696919 A JPH0696919 A JP H0696919A JP 4269444 A JP4269444 A JP 4269444A JP 26944492 A JP26944492 A JP 26944492A JP H0696919 A JPH0696919 A JP H0696919A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- permanent magnet
- magnet
- magnet material
- magnetic field
- particle size
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F1/00—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties
- H01F1/01—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials
- H01F1/03—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity
- H01F1/032—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of hard-magnetic materials
- H01F1/04—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of hard-magnetic materials metals or alloys
- H01F1/047—Alloys characterised by their composition
- H01F1/053—Alloys characterised by their composition containing rare earth metals
- H01F1/055—Alloys characterised by their composition containing rare earth metals and magnetic transition metals, e.g. SmCo5
- H01F1/057—Alloys characterised by their composition containing rare earth metals and magnetic transition metals, e.g. SmCo5 and IIIa elements, e.g. Nd2Fe14B
- H01F1/0571—Alloys characterised by their composition containing rare earth metals and magnetic transition metals, e.g. SmCo5 and IIIa elements, e.g. Nd2Fe14B in the form of particles, e.g. rapid quenched powders or ribbon flakes
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Hard Magnetic Materials (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【産業上の利用分野】本発明は、Ｒ（ＲはＹを含む希土
類元素である。以下同じ。）、ＦｅおよびＢを含むか、
あるいはさらにＣｏを含むＦｅ−（Ｃｏ）−Ｒ−Ｂ系の
永久磁石材料粉末と、この永久磁石材料粉末を用いた磁
石とに関する。FIELD OF THE INVENTION The present invention contains R (R is a rare earth element containing Y. The same applies hereinafter), Fe and B, or
Alternatively, the present invention relates to a Fe— (Co) —RB system permanent magnet material powder further containing Co, and a magnet using this permanent magnet material powder.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】高性能を有する希土類磁石としては、粉
末冶金法によるＳｍ−Ｃｏ系磁石でエネルギー積３２MG
Oeのものが量産されている。しかし、このものはＳｍ、
Ｃｏの原料価格が高いという欠点を有する。希土類元素
の中では原子量の小さい元素、例えば、セリウムやプラ
セオジム、ネオジムは、サマリウムよりも豊富にあり価
格が安い。また、ＦｅはＣｏに比べ安価である。そこ
で、近年、Ｎｄ−Ｆｅ−Ｂ等のＲ−Ｆｅ−Ｂ系磁石が開
発され、特開昭６０−９８５２号公報では高速急冷法に
よるものが開示されている。2. Description of the Related Art As a rare earth magnet having high performance, an Sm-Co type magnet manufactured by powder metallurgy has an energy product of 32 MG.
Oe's are in mass production. However, this one is Sm,
It has a drawback that the raw material price of Co is high. Among rare earth elements, elements having a small atomic weight, such as cerium, praseodymium, and neodymium, are abundant and cheaper than samarium. Further, Fe is cheaper than Co. Therefore, in recent years, Rd-Fe-B based magnets such as Nd-Fe-B have been developed, and Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 60-9852 discloses a high-speed quenching method.
【０００３】高速急冷法により製造された磁石は、圧粉
磁石などのバルク状磁石に適用される他、磁石粉末が樹
脂や非磁性金属のバインダによって結合されたボンディ
ッド磁石としても用いられる。バルク状磁石は一般に硬
くて脆いという欠点を有するが、ボンディッド磁石は軽
く弾性があり、欠けや割れがなく、複雑な形状の成型が
容易であり量産性に優れるため、用途は拡大の傾向にあ
る。The magnet manufactured by the rapid quenching method is applied to a bulk magnet such as a powder magnet, and also used as a bonded magnet in which magnet powder is bonded by a binder of resin or nonmagnetic metal. Bulk magnets generally have the drawback of being hard and brittle, but bonded magnets are light and elastic, have no cracks or cracks, are easy to mold into complicated shapes, and have excellent mass productivity, so their applications tend to expand. .
【０００４】ボンディッド磁石やバルク状磁石の製造に
おいては、磁石材料粉末を安定して金型に供給すること
が重要である。磁石材料粉末の供給が不安定になると成
型体の密度ばらつきを生じ、得られる磁石の特性にばら
つきを生じてしまう。金型への磁石材料の安定供給を妨
げる主因としては、磁石材料粉末の磁化が挙げられる。
製造現場には、磁界中成型装置、磁石、着磁された工
具、着磁器等、磁界を発生するものが多数あり、取り扱
いの際の不注意で磁石材料粉末が磁化されることがあ
る。磁石材料粉末が磁化された場合、粉末が凝集して金
型への供給が不安定となり、特に薄い成型体や複雑な形
状の成型体を作製する場合に粉末の充填が不良となっ
て、成型体密度のばらつきを生じる。In the production of bonded magnets and bulk magnets, it is important to stably supply the magnet material powder to the mold. When the supply of the magnet material powder becomes unstable, the density of the molded body varies, and the characteristics of the obtained magnet also vary. The main cause of hindering the stable supply of the magnet material to the mold is the magnetization of the magnet material powder.
There are many magnetic field-generating devices, magnets, magnetized tools, magnetizers, etc. in the manufacturing site that generate a magnetic field, and the magnet material powder may be magnetized due to careless handling. When the magnet material powder is magnetized, the powder agglomerates and the supply to the mold becomes unstable, and the filling of the powder becomes defective especially when producing a thin molded body or a molded body with a complicated shape. It causes variations in body density.
【０００５】[0005]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】本発明は、特性の揃っ
た磁石と、このような磁石の製造に好適な粉末状磁石材
料とを提供することを目的とする。SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is an object of the present invention to provide a magnet having uniform characteristics and a powdery magnet material suitable for manufacturing such a magnet.
【０００６】[0006]
【課題を解決するための手段】このような目的は、下記
（１）〜（５）の本発明により達成される。 （１）Ｒ（ただし、ＲはＹを含む希土類元素の１種以上
である。）と、ＦｅまたはＦｅおよびＣｏと、Ｂとを含
有する粉末状の永久磁石材料であって、外部磁界強度Ｈ
が８００ Oe のときの磁化率χ’（４πＩ／Ｈ）が０．
５以下であることを特徴とする永久磁石材料。 （２）粒径９０μm 未満の粒子を実質的に含有しない上
記（１）の永久磁石材料。 （３）粒径６００μm 超の粒子を実質的に含有しない上
記（１）または（２）の永久磁石材料。 （４）上記（１）ないし（３）のいずれかの永久磁石材
料がバインダ中に分散されているボンディッド磁石であ
ることを特徴とする永久磁石。 （５）上記（１）ないし（３）のいずれかの永久磁石材
料を温間加工したバルク状磁石であることを特徴とする
永久磁石。These objects are achieved by the present invention described in (1) to (5) below. (1) A powdery permanent magnet material containing R (where R is one or more rare earth elements including Y), Fe or Fe and Co, and B, and having an external magnetic field strength H
Is 800 Oe, the magnetic susceptibility χ '(4πI / H) is 0.
A permanent magnet material characterized by being 5 or less. (2) The permanent magnet material according to (1) above, which does not substantially contain particles having a particle size of less than 90 μm. (3) The permanent magnet material according to (1) or (2) above, which does not substantially contain particles having a particle size of more than 600 μm. (4) A permanent magnet, wherein the permanent magnet material according to any one of (1) to (3) above is a bonded magnet dispersed in a binder. (5) A permanent magnet, which is a bulk magnet obtained by warm working the permanent magnet material according to any one of (1) to (3).
【０００７】[0007]
【作用および効果】磁石製造現場において、取り扱いの
際の不注意などにより磁石材料粉末に加わる磁界の強度
は、通常、８００ Oe 程度以下である。本発明の永久磁
石材料は、８００ Oe における磁化率が０．５以下と低
いので、成型の際に磁石材料が凝集しにくく、金型への
安定供給が実現する。FUNCTION AND EFFECT At the magnet manufacturing site, the strength of the magnetic field applied to the magnet material powder due to carelessness during handling is usually about 800 Oe or less. Since the permanent magnet material of the present invention has a low magnetic susceptibility at 800 Oe of 0.5 or less, the magnet material does not easily agglomerate during molding, and stable supply to the mold is realized.
【０００８】[0008]
【具体的構成】以下、本発明の具体的構成について詳細
に説明する。Specific Structure The specific structure of the present invention will be described in detail below.
【０００９】本発明の永久磁石材料は、Ｒ（ただし、Ｒ
はＹを含む希土類元素の１種以上である。）と、Ｆｅま
たはＦｅおよびＣｏと、Ｂとを含有する粉末状材料であ
り、実質的に正方晶系の結晶構造の主相のみを有する
か、このような主相と、非晶質および／または結晶質の
副相とを有するものである。Ｒ−Ｔ−Ｂ化合物（ＴはＦ
ｅおよび／またはＣｏ）として安定な正方晶化合物はＲ
2 Ｔ14Ｂ（Ｒ＝１１．７６原子％、Ｔ＝８２．３６原子
％、Ｂ＝５．８８原子％）であり、主相は実質的にこの
化合物から形成される。また、副相は、主相の結晶粒界
として存在する。The permanent magnet material of the present invention is R (provided that R
Is one or more rare earth elements including Y. ), Fe or Fe and Co, and B, and having only a main phase of a substantially tetragonal crystal structure, or such a main phase, amorphous and / or Alternatively, it has a crystalline subphase. R-T-B compound (T is F
e and / or Co) stable tetragonal compound is R
2 T 14 B (R = 11.76 atom%, T = 82.36 atom%, B = 5.88 atom%), and the main phase is formed substantially from this compound. The sub-phase exists as a grain boundary of the main phase.
【００１０】本発明の永久磁石材料は、外部磁界強度Ｈ
が８００ Oe のときの磁化率χ’が０．５以下、好まし
くは０．４以下、より好ましくは０．３以下である。
χ’＝４πＩ／Ｈであり、Ｉは外部磁界強度がＨのとき
の磁化であり、粉末全体について測定された値である。
χ’が前記範囲を超えていると、磁石材料が凝集しやす
くなり、成型用金型への安定供給が困難となる。なお、
χ’の下限は特に設けないが、χ’が０．０３未満の磁
石材料は着磁が困難である。The permanent magnet material of the present invention has an external magnetic field strength H.
Of 800 Oe is 0.5 or less, preferably 0.4 or less, and more preferably 0.3 or less.
χ ′ = 4πI / H, I is the magnetization when the external magnetic field strength is H, and is the value measured for the entire powder.
If χ'exceeds the above range, the magnet material is likely to agglomerate, and stable supply to the molding die becomes difficult. In addition,
Although the lower limit of χ'is not particularly set, it is difficult to magnetize a magnet material having χ'less than 0.03.
【００１１】本発明の永久磁石材料は、高速急冷法によ
り得られた磁石材料を粉砕して製造される。高速急冷法
には片ロール法や双ロール法を用いることが好ましい
が、ガスアトマイズ法などを用いてもよい。急冷法によ
り製造された薄帯状、薄片状、粒状等の永久磁石材料に
は、通常、磁気特性向上のための熱処理が施される。The permanent magnet material of the present invention is manufactured by crushing the magnet material obtained by the rapid quenching method. It is preferable to use a one-roll method or a twin-roll method for the rapid quenching method, but a gas atomizing method or the like may be used. The strip-shaped, flaky, granular, or other permanent magnet material manufactured by the quenching method is usually subjected to heat treatment for improving magnetic properties.
【００１２】８００ Oe における磁化率が上記範囲であ
る磁石材料を得るための条件は特に限定されないが、急
冷後の熱処理の条件を制御することにより磁化率を調整
することができる。この場合、磁石材料の組成や急冷条
件などに応じて熱処理条件を適宜制御すればよい。ま
た、この他、急冷条件を適宜制御することによっても調
整可能である。また、これらの方法以外にも、種々の方
法により調整することができる。The conditions for obtaining a magnet material having a magnetic susceptibility at 800 Oe in the above range are not particularly limited, but the magnetic susceptibility can be adjusted by controlling the conditions of heat treatment after quenching. In this case, the heat treatment conditions may be appropriately controlled according to the composition of the magnet material, the quenching conditions, and the like. In addition to this, it is also possible to adjust by appropriately controlling the quenching condition. In addition to these methods, adjustment can be made by various methods.
【００１３】また、急冷後の永久磁石材料を篩等により
分級して微粉や粗粉を取り除く方法も、χ’低減に有効
である。この場合、粒径９０μm 未満、特に粒径１５０
μm未満の粒子および／または粒径６００μm 超、特に
粒径３５０μm 超の粒子が実質的に含まれないように分
級することが好ましい。A method of classifying the permanent magnet material after quenching with a sieve or the like to remove fine powder and coarse powder is also effective for reducing χ '. In this case, the particle size is less than 90 μm, especially 150
It is preferable to classify so that particles having a particle size of less than μm and / or a particle size of more than 600 μm, particularly particles having a particle size of more than 350 μm are substantially not included.
【００１４】本発明の永久磁石材料は、ボンディッド磁
石や温間加工により製造されるバルク状磁石に適用され
る。ボンディッド磁石に適用する場合、バインダには樹
脂や非磁性金属などのいずれを用いてもよく、また、成
型にはプレス成型や射出成型などのいずれの方法を用い
てもよい。The permanent magnet material of the present invention is applied to a bonded magnet or a bulk magnet manufactured by warm working. When applied to a bonded magnet, the binder may be made of resin, non-magnetic metal, or the like, and the molding may be performed by any method such as press molding or injection molding.
【００１５】[0015]
【実施例】以下、本発明の具体的実施例を示し、本発明
をさらに詳細に説明する。EXAMPLES The present invention will be described in more detail below by showing specific examples of the present invention.
【００１６】１２Ｎｄ−６Ｂ−５Ｃｏ−７７Ｆｅの組成
（数値は原子百分率を表わす）を有する合金インゴット
をアーク溶解により作製した。得られた合金インゴット
を石英ノズルに入れ、高周波誘導加熱により溶湯とし
た。この溶湯を片ロール法により急冷し、フレーク状永
久磁石材料を製造した。急冷はＡｒガス雰囲気で行な
い、雰囲気圧力は１気圧とした。なお、冷却ロールの周
速度を１０〜４５m/s の範囲で変更して、冷却条件の異
なる複数の永久磁石材料を製造した。An alloy ingot having a composition of 12Nd-6B-5Co-77Fe (numerical values represent atomic percentages) was prepared by arc melting. The obtained alloy ingot was put into a quartz nozzle and was made into molten metal by high frequency induction heating. This molten metal was rapidly cooled by the one-roll method to produce a flake-shaped permanent magnet material. The rapid cooling was performed in an Ar gas atmosphere, and the atmosphere pressure was 1 atm. The peripheral speed of the cooling roll was changed within the range of 10 to 45 m / s to manufacture a plurality of permanent magnet materials having different cooling conditions.
【００１７】これらの材料をピンミルにより粉砕し、平
均粒径１７０μm の磁石材料粉末を得た。これらの粉末
の外部磁界強度８００ Oe のときの磁化率χ’を、試料
振動式磁力計により測定した。結果を下記表１に示す。These materials were crushed by a pin mill to obtain a magnet material powder having an average particle size of 170 μm. The magnetic susceptibility χ ′ of these powders when the external magnetic field strength was 800 Oe was measured by a sample vibrating magnetometer. The results are shown in Table 1 below.
【００１８】これらの粉末を外部磁界強度４００ Oe で
磁化した後、各粉末についてそれぞれ１００個のボンデ
ィッド磁石を製造し、平均密度および密度ばらつきを調
べた。密度ばらつきは標準偏差で評価した。結果を表１
に示す。After magnetizing these powders with an external magnetic field strength of 400 Oe, 100 bonded magnets were manufactured for each powder, and the average density and density variation were examined. The density variation was evaluated by standard deviation. The results are shown in Table 1.
Shown in.
【００１９】なお、ボンディッド磁石は、下記の方法で
作製した。まず、エポキシ樹脂を溶解した有機溶剤に磁
化した磁石材料粉末を投入して攪拌し、スラリーとし
た。このスラリーを乾燥し、磁石材料粒子表面に樹脂被
覆を形成した。次いで、粉末を金型に充填してプレス成
型を行なった。プレス成型には、外径１０mm、内径９m
m、厚さ７mmのリング状成型空間を有する金型を用い
た。The bonded magnet was manufactured by the following method. First, magnetized magnet material powder was put into an organic solvent in which an epoxy resin was dissolved and stirred to form a slurry. The slurry was dried to form a resin coating on the surface of the magnetic material particles. Then, the powder was filled in a mold and press-molded. For press molding, outer diameter 10 mm, inner diameter 9 m
A mold having a ring-shaped molding space of m and a thickness of 7 mm was used.
【００２０】[0020]
【表１】 [Table 1]
【００２１】表１に示される結果から本発明の効果が明
らかである。なお、上記各粉末を温間加工により成型し
てバルク状磁石とした場合にも、同様な結果が得られ
た。また、上記各粉末を、篩を用いて粒径１５０μm 未
満の粒子と粒径６００μm 超の粒子とが実質的に含まれ
ないように分級したところ、χ’が減少し、成型後の密
度ばらつきがさらに減少した。From the results shown in Table 1, the effect of the present invention is clear. Similar results were obtained when the above powders were formed by warm working into bulk magnets. Further, when each of the above powders was classified using a sieve so that particles having a particle size of less than 150 μm and particles having a particle size of more than 600 μm were not substantially contained, χ ′ decreased and the density variation after molding was small. Further reduced.
Claims (5)
１種以上である。）と、ＦｅまたはＦｅおよびＣｏと、
Ｂとを含有する粉末状の永久磁石材料であって、 外部磁界強度Ｈが８００ Oe のときの磁化率χ’（４π
Ｉ／Ｈ）が０．５以下であることを特徴とする永久磁石
材料。1. R (provided that R is at least one rare earth element including Y), Fe or Fe and Co,
A magnetic susceptibility χ '(4π when the external magnetic field strength H is 800 Oe, which is a powdery permanent magnet material containing B and
A permanent magnet material having an I / H) of 0.5 or less.
しない請求項１の永久磁石材料。2. The permanent magnet material according to claim 1, which is substantially free of particles having a particle size of less than 90 μm.
しない請求項１または２の永久磁石材料。3. The permanent magnet material according to claim 1, which is substantially free of particles having a particle size of more than 600 μm.
材料がバインダ中に分散されているボンディッド磁石で
あることを特徴とする永久磁石。4. A permanent magnet, wherein the permanent magnet material according to claim 1 is a bonded magnet dispersed in a binder.
材料を温間加工したバルク状磁石であることを特徴とす
る永久磁石。5. A permanent magnet, which is a bulk magnet obtained by warm-working the permanent magnet material according to any one of claims 1 to 3.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP4269444A JPH0696919A (en) | 1992-09-11 | 1992-09-11 | Material for permanent magnet and permanent magnet |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP4269444A JPH0696919A (en) | 1992-09-11 | 1992-09-11 | Material for permanent magnet and permanent magnet |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH0696919A true JPH0696919A (en) | 1994-04-08 |
Family
ID=17472524
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP4269444A Withdrawn JPH0696919A (en) | 1992-09-11 | 1992-09-11 | Material for permanent magnet and permanent magnet |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH0696919A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6585831B2 (en) | 1999-12-27 | 2003-07-01 | Sumitomo Special Metals Co., Ltd. | Method of making iron base magnetic material alloy powder |
-
1992
- 1992-09-11 JP JP4269444A patent/JPH0696919A/en not_active Withdrawn
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6585831B2 (en) | 1999-12-27 | 2003-07-01 | Sumitomo Special Metals Co., Ltd. | Method of making iron base magnetic material alloy powder |
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