JPH0694680B2 - Work vehicle operating device - Google Patents

Description

Description: TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to an operating device for a work vehicle such as an excavator.

2. Description of the Related Art In an excavator, an upper revolving structure is attached to a lower traveling structure so as to be rotatable in a horizontal direction, and a work machine including a boom, an arm, a bucket, and the like is attached to the upper revolving structure. It is equipped so that it can swing to the left and right with respect to the body. In such a structure, the working machine and the upper swing body are driven via a swinging device and a swinging device, which are composed of, for example, a hydraulic switching valve and a hydraulic cylinder or a hydraulic motor.

In the conventional case, the turning device is interlockingly connected to one operation lever via a mechanical interlocking mechanism, and on the other hand,
The swinging device is also linked to another lever or a pedal provided at the foot of the driver's seat through a mechanical interlocking mechanism, and is operated separately by operating these operating levers or pedals. It is like this.
The operation lever for operating the turning device is also interlocked with a device for vertically moving the arm of the working machine, and the arm drive device is operated by rotating the operation lever in the front-rear direction. The structure is such that the turning device is driven by a turning operation in the left-right direction to turn the upper-part turning body.

In such a conventional structure, the turning device and the rocking device are operated by operating different operating members, that is, two operating levers or two operating levers and operating pedals, and therefore many operating systems are required. Therefore, there is an inconvenience such as a risk of erroneous operation.

Therefore, in the conventional art, the turning device and the rocking device are respectively connected to one operation lever via different interlocking mechanisms, and only one of the interlocking mechanisms is connected by the selection operation of the selection lever, A single control lever has been devised (see Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 58-45328).

DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION Problems to be Solved by the Invention However, in the conventional structure in which one operation lever is connected as described above, when one is interlocked, the other is not always interlocked, and both devices are interlocked. There is a drawback that both the upper revolving structure and the working machine cannot be swung at the same time. The present invention has been made for the purpose of eliminating the conventional drawbacks.

Means for Solving the Problems In order to solve such problems, in the present invention, the upper revolving structure (3) horizontally revolves with respect to the lower traveling structure (1), and the upper revolving structure (3) is rotated. ) To a work vehicle equipped with a working machine (4) swingable in the left-right direction, a swing switching valve (43) for swinging the upper swing body (3) and a swinging machine for swinging the work machine (4). The switching valve (53) and the switching device (35) (36) are passed through the damper device (35) (36) to a single operation member (13) for steering, and both the swing switching valve (43) and the swing switching valve (53). Is connected so as to be operated by the turning operation of the operation member (13) in the same direction, and both the damper devices (35) (36) and the switching valves (43) (53) are connected to each other. The damper device (35) (36) has a common selection operation member (14), which can be operated by operating the selection operation member (14). These damper device (35) and while selectively locking one of (36), both the damper device (35) (36)
All of the above are characterized by arranging a lock mechanism that can switch to a state where they are not locked.

The action selection operation member (14) locks one of the interlocking mechanism (54) on the swivel device (43) side and the interlocking mechanism (55) on the swinging device (53) side by the switching operation, thereby locking. It is possible to perform only one of the swinging operation and the turning operation by operating only the other not operated. Also, this operation member (14)
Can select a state where neither of the interlocking mechanisms (54) (55) is locked. Therefore, switching to such a state causes both of the interlocking mechanisms (54) (55) to operate. It is possible to perform both turning and swinging at the same time.

Embodiment Hereinafter, the configuration of the present invention will be described based on an illustrated embodiment.

FIG. 4 shows the overall structure of this type of excavator. In the figure, (1) is a lower traveling body equipped with a crawler traveling device (2), and an upper turn is made on the lower traveling body (1). The body (3) is mounted so as to be horizontally rotatable.
(4) is a boom (5), an arm (6) attached to the tip of the boom (5) so as to be vertically swingable, and a bucket also attached to the tip of the arm (6) so as to be vertically swingable. (7) is an excavating work machine, and the excavating work machine (4) is swingably attached to the upper swing body (3) in the left-right direction at the base end portion of the boom (5). (8) is a boom cylinder for swinging the boom (5) up and down, (9) is an arm (6)
An arm cylinder for rocking the bucket (10) is a bucket cylinder for rocking the bucket (7). Further, the swinging of the working machine (4) in the left-right direction is
It is designed to be performed by a swing cylinder (not shown). Furthermore, a seat (11) is placed on the upper revolving structure (3).
An operation lever (13) as an operation member for controlling the present invention is attached to the front of the seat (11) so as to project upward from the lever base (12). Similarly, a selection lever (14) as a selection operation member of the present invention is attached so as to project upward from the rear surface of the lever base (12).

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the operation lever (13) is rotatable in two different directions, that is, front and rear and left and right directions, via a rotation support mechanism (17) in the lever base (12). Is supported as. Below the support mechanism (17),
The arm cylinder shaft (19) and the turning cylinder shaft (20) are supported by the horizontal shaft (18). Of these, the link arm (22) protruding from the arm cylinder shaft (19) is Through the bifurcated joint (23), the operation lever (13) of the support mechanism (17) is interlockingly connected with the longitudinal movement of the operation lever (13). Then, the rotational movement of the cylinder shaft (19) is connected to the switching valve (25) for the arm cylinder (9) arranged below the same through the bifurcated joint (24). On the other hand, the link arm (26) protruding from the turning cylinder shaft (20) is interlocked with the left and right rotating operation of the operation lever (13) via a bifurcated joint (27), and further, The link arm (26) is connected by a joint (28) to the upper end of a link rod (29) arranged vertically in the lever base (12). That is, the operating lever (1
When 3) is rotated to the left and right, this link rod (29)
Is moved up and down, and when the operating lever (13) is also turned in the front-back direction, the arm cylinder switching valve (25) is switched. A tubular boss (31) is attached to the lower side of the link rod (29) by a shaft (30), and the tip end of a link arm (32) protruding rearward from the tubular boss (31) has the above-mentioned link. It is connected to the lower end of the rod (29). Similarly, a pair of link arms (33, 34) is attached to the cylindrical boss (31) so as to project downward.

A pair of spring damper devices (35) (36) having the same structure are provided behind the link arms (33) (34) projecting downward.
Are arranged in parallel on the left and right. These damper devices (35) (36) include a damper rod (37) inserted into the case (38) from the front side so that the damper device (35) and the damper rod (37) can be connected to the rod (37). Case (38)
It is composed of a coil spring (39) disposed between the coil spring (39) and the coil spring (39), and when the damper rod (37) swings to the left in FIG. 1, the coil spring (39) is compressed. The tips of the damper rods (37) (37) of the damper devices (35) (36) are connected to the link arms (33) (34) projecting downward from the tubular boss (31). ing.

Furthermore, the case (38) of these damper devices (35) (36)
Engaging discs (41) (42) each having an engaging groove (40) on the outer periphery thereof are fixed to the rear end. Of these engaging discs (41) (42), the screw tube (49) projecting rearward from one of the engaging discs (41) has a turning switching valve ( 43) is connected to the rod (44), and when the engaging disc (41) swings back and forth, the swing switching valve (43)
The interlocking mechanism (54) for the turning device is configured so that the switching operation is performed. The end of the rotary shaft (46) arranged in the left-right direction is located above the connecting plate (45) projecting from the other engaging disc (42) (Fig. 3). The lower end of the connecting arm (48) protruding downward from the boss (47) attached to the end of the shaft (46) is the connecting plate (45).
Is linked to. That is, when the other engaging disc (42) moves back and forth, the rotary shaft (46) rotates via the connecting arm (48). Furthermore, the tip of the arm (51) protruding from the boss (50) attached to the other end of the rotary shaft (46) is arranged in the lever base (12) via a bifurcated joint (52). It is connected to the rod of the swing switching valve (53) of the working machine (4), whereby the rotary shaft (4
An interlocking mechanism (55) for an oscillating device is constituted so that the oscillating switching valve (53) is switched when the oscillating 6) rotates.

The tip end of the vertical link rod (58) is connected to the inner end of the selection lever (14) rotatably attached to the rear wall plate (56) of the lever base (12) via the arm (57). Has been done.
A link arm (60) is projected below the link rod (58) through a shaft (59), and a bifurcated joint (60) provided at the lower end of the link rod (58) is connected to the link arm (60). 61) are connected. Further, the upper end of the lock arm (62) is fixed to the end of the shaft (59), and the lower end of the lock arm (62) has the lower end of the pair of left and right engaging discs (41) (42). When the lock arm (62) is projected in the middle and pivoted to the left and right, the lower end engages with one of the grooves (40) of the engaging discs (41) (42), whereby the engagement is achieved. The locking disc (41) or (42) is locked to regulate the movement in the front-rear direction. Further, when the lock arm (62) is in the middle between the engaging discs (41) and (42), neither of the engaging discs (41) (42) is engaged, and therefore the engaging discs are engaged. Both of the discs (41) (42) are configured to be movable back and forth.

Now, the operation of each part will be described based on the above structure. First, when the operation lever (13) is rotated in the front-rear direction, the arm switching valve (25) is switched as described above. The working machine arm (6) can be rotated up and down.

Next, when the operation lever (13) is rotated left and right,
Through the vertical link rod (29) and tubular boss (31), the rods (37) (3) of both damper devices (35) (36)
7) moves back and forth. At this time, the lock arm (62)
When both of the engaging discs (41) and (42) are not engaged with each other, both of the engaging discs (41) and (42) can move back and forth accordingly. it can. Therefore, both the swing switching valve (43) and the swing switching valve (53) are switched, and the swing operation of the upper swing body (3) and the working machine (4) are performed.
Both rocking operations can be performed simultaneously. On the other hand,
The lock arm (62) has one of the engagement discs (41) and (42), for example, the engagement disc (41) on the turning switching valve (43) side.
In the state of being engaged with, the turning mechanism interlocking mechanism (54) is locked via the engaging disc (41) on the engaged side, so that the damper rod (37) is spring-loaded. Only by compressing (39), the interlocking mechanism (54) does not operate, but only the other swing side engagement disc (42) moves back and forth, switching the swing switching valve (53), and working Only the rocking operation of the machine (4) can be performed. The lock arm (62)
In the state of being engaged with the other swing-side engagement disc (42) side, conversely, only the turning switching valve (43) is switched, and only the turning operation can be performed.

EFFECTS OF THE INVENTION According to the present invention, it is possible to selectively operate one of the swing operation of the upper swing body and the swing operation of the working machine by the same operation lever by simply switching the selection lever in advance. Therefore, not only does the number of operating systems become two, but the risk of erroneous operation is reduced, and by holding the selection lever in a state in which neither of the link mechanisms is locked, one operating lever can be operated. The swinging of the work machine and the swinging operation of the upper swing body can be performed at the same time by only operating the operation, which enables quick earth removal work and movement to the excavation position during excavation work. The effect is that the efficiency can be improved.

In particular, in the present invention, when the lock mechanism is released and the swing and swing switching valves are simultaneously operated, the damper is interposed between the operating lever and the switching valves, so that the operation of both switching valves is prevented. The synchronism is high, and simultaneous movements of both turning and swinging are well realized.

Further, in the present application, since the connection between the operation lever and the switching valve is not divided, the occurrence of backlash is suppressed, and the feeling of operation is very good.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a vertical sectional side view showing the whole apparatus of the present invention.
The figure is also a vertical plan view, FIG. 3 is an enlarged sectional view taken along the line AA of FIG. 1, and FIG. 4 is an overall side view of the excavator. (1) …… Lower traveling body, (3) …… Upper rotating body, (4)
…… Working machine, (13) …… Operating lever, (14) …… Selection lever, (43) …… Swivel switching valve (swing device),

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. An upper revolving structure (3) pivots horizontally with respect to a lower traveling structure (1), and a working machine (4) is provided so as to be swingable to the upper revolving structure (3) laterally. In a work vehicle, a swing switching valve (43) that swings the upper swing body (3) and a swing switching valve (5 that swings the work machine (4).
3) and 1) via the respective damper devices (35) (36) to one operation member (13) for steering, and both of the switching valve (43) for swinging and the switching valve (53) for swinging are operated by the same. The damper devices (35) (36) and the switching valves (43) (53) are connected so that they can be operated by rotating the member (13) in the same direction, and both damper devices ( 35)
And a state in which one of these damper devices (35) (36) is selectively locked by operation of the selection operation member (14) common to (36). An operating device for a work vehicle, comprising a lock mechanism arranged so that both of the damper devices (35) (36) can be switched to an unlocked state.