JPH0681371A - Switching device for operating lever - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To simply switch the operation patterns of the right and left operating levers provided on a construction machine in a limited small space. CONSTITUTION:Multiple hydraulic control valves 18a, 18b,... are installed in a line, and a pivotal shaft 23 is provided in parallel with them. The pivotal shaft 23 is independently rotatably pivotally fitted with bracket levers 27, 30, 35, 38 connected with operating rods of operating levers 24, 28, 32, 36 of the hydraulic control valves and the right and left operating levers 19, 21. The operating levers and the bracket levers are connected by plates 44, 45, 46, 47 to set the operation patterns of the operating levers. When the plates 44, 45, 46, 46 are removed and replaced with other plates, combinations of the operating levers and the bracket levers are changed, and the operation patterns of the operating levers can be optionally switched.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a switching device for operating levers, and more particularly to switching of operating patterns of left and right operating levers provided on a construction machine.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In construction machines such as power shovels, operating levers are provided at predetermined positions on the left and right sides so as to be freely rotatable in the cross direction in the front, rear, left and right directions. Then, in order to perform construction work by operating the bucket, boom, etc., the left and right operation levers are respectively rotated in predetermined directions, and the operation lever of the hydraulic control valve is pushed through the plates connected to the respective operation levers. Pull.

For example, if the left operation lever is rotated in the front-rear direction, the hydraulic control valve for pushing and pulling the arm is activated, and if the left operation lever is rotated in the left-right direction, the hydraulic control valve for turning the machine body. Works. On the other hand, if the right operation lever is rotated in the front-rear direction, the hydraulic control valve for raising and lowering the boom is activated, and if the right operation lever is rotated in the left-right direction, the hydraulic control valve for scooping the bucket is activated.

The operation patterns of the left and right operation levers are often set differently depending on the vehicle type. For example, when the left operation lever is rotated in the front-rear direction, a hydraulic control valve for turning the machine body is used. The operation pattern may be set so that the hydraulic control valve for pushing and pulling the arm is operated when the left operation lever is operated to rotate in the left-right direction.

[0005]

As described above, the left and right operation levers of the conventional construction machine of this type often have different operation patterns depending on the vehicle type. Therefore, when a person who is accustomed to the operation of the construction machine of one operation pattern operates the construction machine of the other operation pattern, the left and right operation levers are likely to be erroneously operated.

In a large-sized construction machine, there is also proposed a construction in which a pilot valve and a switching valve are provided in front of the hydraulic control valve so that the operating patterns of the left and right operating levers can be switched among a plurality of operating patterns. ing. However, the small-sized construction machine is not provided with the pilot valve and the switching valve as described above in terms of space and cost. Therefore, in order to enable the operation patterns of the left and right operation levers to be switched within a limited small space, and to simplify the configuration of the switching device so that the operation patterns of the operation levers can be easily and quickly switched. A technical problem to be solved arises, and an object of the present invention is to solve this problem.

[0007]

DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been proposed in order to achieve the above-mentioned object, and provides a construction machine equipped with left and right operation levers which can be freely rotated in forward, backward, leftward and rightward directions. A plurality of hydraulic control valves are installed in a line, and a pivot shaft is provided in parallel with the plurality of hydraulic control valves to pivotally mount an operating lever of the hydraulic control valve, and the operation rods of the left and right operation levers are attached to the pivot shaft. There is provided a switching device for an operating lever, in which a bracket lever connected to the above is pivotally connected, the operating lever of the hydraulic control valve and the bracket lever are connected by a plate in an arbitrary combination, and the plate is detachably formed. It is a thing.

[0008]

According to the present invention, a pivot shaft is provided in parallel with a plurality of hydraulic control valves installed in a line, and a bracket lever connecting an operating lever of the hydraulic control valve and an operating rod is independently provided to the pivot shaft. It is pivotally attached so that it can rotate. Then, the plate is used to connect the operating lever and the bracket lever in an arbitrary combination. Therefore, the hydraulic control valve controlled by the actuating lever can be arbitrarily set when the left and right operating levers are rotated, the plate is removable, and other combinations are possible. The operation pattern can be changed arbitrarily.

[0009]

An embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a side view of a micro excavator 11 as an example of a construction machine, including a lower frame (not shown).
Running bodies 12a, 12b such as crawlers are attached to the left and right sides of the upper frame, and an upper frame 14 is rotatably mounted on the lower frame via a turning device 13. An engine portion such as an engine is installed inside the rear portion of the upper frame 14, and a hydraulic excavator 15 is provided at the front portion of the upper frame 14. Further, various operation lever mechanisms 16 are projectingly provided on the upper surface of the front portion of the upper frame 14, and a seat 17 for an operator is fixedly mounted on the upper surface of the rear portion of the upper frame 14.

FIG. 2 is a front view of the upper frame 14 of the power shovel 11, in which the excavator 15 is omitted and the various operating lever mechanisms 16 and the plurality of hydraulic control valves 1 are shown.
8a, 18b ... Shows a connection configuration. Right operating lever 19 and front dozer operating lever 20 on the left side when viewed from the front
Is provided, the left operation lever 21 is provided on the right side in front view, and the traveling lever 22 is provided at the center. Right operating lever 19
The left operation lever 21 is rotatably supported in the front, rear, left, and right cross directions.

FIG. 3 is a perspective view of the operating lever switching device. If it is described in conjunction with FIG. 2, the boom up / down hydraulic control valve 18a and the bucket scooping hydraulic pressure are sequentially transferred from the left side to the right side of the machine body when viewed from the front. Control valve 18b, hydraulic control valve 18c for swinging the boom base, hydraulic control valve 18d for driving one traveling body 12a, hydraulic control valve 1 for front dozer 1
8e, hydraulic control valve 18f for option, hydraulic control valve 18g for driving the other traveling body 12b, upper frame 1
The four-turn hydraulic control valve 18h, the arm pushing / pulling hydraulic control valve 18i, and the oil amount regeneration hydraulic control valve 18f are closely arranged in a horizontal row.

Then, the plurality of hydraulic control valves 18a, 1
A pivot shaft 23 is provided on the upper part of 8b in parallel with each hydraulic control valve, and the pivot lever 23 is provided on the pivot shaft 23 in order from the left side of the drawing to operate the operating lever 24 of the hydraulic control valve 18a for moving the boom up and down and the rotating base of the right operating lever. Bracket lever 27 connected to the operating rod 26 attached to one side portion 25a of 25, operating lever 28 of the hydraulic control valve 18b for bucket rake, operating rod attached to the other side portion 25b of the turning base portion 25 of the right operating lever. Bracket levers 30 to which 29 are connected are closely attached and pivotally attached so as to independently rotate.

A bracket lever 3 for changing the stroke is provided in order from the left side in the drawing with a space for a connecting mechanism (not shown) of the traveling lever 22 in the center of the pivot shaft 23.
1, an operating lever 32 of a hydraulic control valve 18h for turning the upper frame 14, a bracket lever 35 connected to an operating rod 34 attached to one side 33a of a rotating base 33 of a left operating lever, and hydraulic control for pushing and pulling an arm. The operation lever 36 of the valve 18i and the bracket lever 38 connected to the operation rod 37 attached to the other side portion 33b of the rotation base portion 33 of the left operation lever are closely attached, and the stroke changing bracket lever 31 is fitted with the pin 39. The pivot lever 23 is fixed so as to rotate integrally with the pivot shaft 23, and the other actuating levers 32 and 36 and the bracket levers 35 and 38 pivot so as to rotate independently of each other. Reference numerals 40 and 41 are bearings fixed to the frame, and the pivot shaft 23 protruding outward from one of the bearings 41 is bent upward and a grip 42 is fixed to its end portion.

Each of the operating levers 24, 28, 32, 36
The bracket levers 27, 30, 35, and 38 extend forward from the pivotally attached portions, and female screw portions 43, 43 ... Are provided on the front surface of each extended portion. Then, the mounting holes 44a and 44b are opened at both ends of the plate 44,
The plate 44 is brought into contact with both the front surface of the extending portion of the bracket lever 27 and the front surface of the extending portion of the actuating lever 24, and bolts are inserted into the mounting holes 44a and 44b and screwed. Therefore, the bracket lever 27 and the operating lever 24 are integrally fixed.

Similarly, the plate lever 45 integrally fixes the bracket lever 30 and the operating lever 28, the plate 46 integrally fixes the bracket lever 35 and the operating lever 32, and the plate 47 further fixes the bracket. Lever 38 and operating lever 36
And are fixed together. Here, in the actuating lever 32 for turning the upper frame, a long hole 48 is opened in a rear arm portion 32b, and an upper end portion of an operating rod 49 of the hydraulic control valve 18h is connected by a pin 50. or,
One end of an arc-shaped arm 51 is pivotally attached by a pin 52 to the upper portion of the bracket lever 31 for changing the stroke, and the above-mentioned long hole 48 is provided at the other end of the arm 51.
The other end of the pin 50 inserted in is connected.

FIGS. 4 and 5 show the operation of the bracket lever 31 for changing the stroke.
When the lever is tilted backward (to the right in the figure) as shown in FIG. 5, the pin 50 at the other end of the arc-shaped arm 51 is
Is a long hole 48 of the arm portion 32a behind the actuating lever 32.
Is located at the outer edge portion 48a of the. Therefore, the distance from the center of the pivot shaft 23 to the pin 50 of the arm portion 32a of the operating lever is L ₁ at maximum, and the rotation speed of the pin 50 caused by the rotation of the operating lever 32 is the fastest. Then, assuming that the operating lever 32 is rotated at a constant speed, the movement of the operating rod 49 of the hydraulic control valve 18h connected to the pin 50 becomes the fastest. That is, the left operation lever 21 is operated in the left-right direction, and the bracket lever 3 is operated via the operation rod 34.
When the 5 and the operating lever 32 are turned, the turning speed of the upper frame 14 is operated at the highest speed, and when the operator is a beginner, it may be difficult to operate.

Therefore, in FIG. 4, if the grip 42 is grasped and rotated forward (to the left in the figure), the pivot shaft 23 is rotated.
At the same time, the bracket lever 31 for changing the stroke rotates counterclockwise in the figure, and as shown in FIG.
Is pulled and the pin 50 slides in the vicinity of the inner edge portion 48b of the elongated hole 48. Therefore, the distance from the center of the pivot shaft 23 to the pin 50 of the arm portion 32a of the operating lever is changed to the minimum L _2, and the pin 5 generated by the rotation of the operating lever 32 is changed.
The rotation speed of 0 decreases. Then, similarly to the above, when the operating lever 32 is rotated at a constant speed, the movement of the operating rod 49 of the hydraulic control valve 18h connected to the pin 50 becomes slow. That is, when the left operation lever 21 is operated in the left-right direction, the turning speed of the upper frame 14 becomes slower than in the highest speed state, and the turning operability is improved even if the operator is a beginner.

Here, as shown in FIG. 3, the plate 4
4 and 45 respectively actuating lever 24 and bracket lever 26, and actuating lever 28 and bracket lever 30.
6, the operation pattern of the right operation lever 19 is such that the front-rear direction is the operation of vertically moving the boom and the left-right direction is the bucket scooping operation. If the operation pattern is switched between the front-rear direction and the left-right direction, the rotation base portion 2 of the right operation lever shown in FIG.
The operation rods 26 and 29 of 5 are exchanged. That is, the operating rod 29 is connected to one side portion 25a of the rotating base portion 25, and the operating rod 26 is connected to the other side portion 25b of the rotating base portion 25.
Connect.

Similarly, as shown in FIG. 6, in the operation pattern of the left operation lever 21, the front-rear direction is the arm pushing / pulling operation, and the left-right direction is the turning operation of the machine body. me too,
By exchanging the operation rods 34 and 37 of the rotation base portion 33 of the left operation lever shown in FIG. 3, the operation patterns in the front-rear direction and the left-right direction can be switched. Next, as shown in FIG. 7, the plates 44, 45, 4 of FIG.
Instead of 6, 47, both ends of the plate 53 are abutted across the front surface of the extended portion of the bracket lever 30 and the front surface of the extended portion of the actuating lever 32, and tightened with bolts. Therefore, the bracket lever 30 and the operating lever 32 are integrally fixed.

Similarly, the bracket lever 35 and the operating lever 28 are integrally fixed by a plate 54 whose central portion is bent in a U shape, and the plate 55 is
The bracket lever 27 and the operating lever 36 are integrally fixed with each other, and the bracket lever 38 and the operating lever 24 are integrally fixed with each other by the plate 56. Therefore, the operation pattern of the right operation lever 19 and the left operation lever 21 is switched from the state shown in FIG. 6 to the operation pattern shown in FIG. That is, when the right operation lever 19 is operated in the front-back direction, the movement of the bracket lever 27 causes the operation lever 3 to move.
6, the hydraulic control valve 18i for pushing and pulling the arm is controlled to push and pull the arm. When the right operation lever 19 is operated in the left-right direction, the movement of the bracket lever 30 is transmitted to the operation lever 32, the hydraulic control valve 18b for turning the upper frame is controlled, and the upper frame 14 is turned to the left or right.

On the other hand, when the left operation lever 21 is operated in the front-back direction, the movement of the bracket lever 35 causes the operation lever 28 to move.
The hydraulic control valve 18b for bucket scooping is controlled, and the bucket is held or released.
When the left operation lever 21 is operated in the left-right direction, the movement of the bracket lever 38 is transmitted to the operation lever 24, the hydraulic control valve 18a for boom up / down movement is controlled, and the boom is vertically moved.

Thus, the operation pattern of the right operation lever 19 and the operation pattern of the left operation lever 21 are switched from the operation pattern shown in FIG. 6 to the operation pattern shown in FIG. That is, the operation of the right operation lever 19 in the front-rear direction and the operation of the left operation lever 21 in the front-rear direction are interchanged, and
Left and right operation of the right operation lever 19 and left operation lever 21
The operation of the left and right of will be replaced.

Even after switching the operation pattern at that time, the operation feelings of the left and right operation levers 19 and 21 do not change at all, and the operator does not feel discomfort in operability. In addition, fine adjustment of each connected portion immediately after switching the operation pattern is completely unnecessary. Although not shown, for a coser that does not need to switch the operation patterns of the left and right operation levers, the bracket lever 27 and the operating lever 24 are integrally formed in advance and pivotally attached to the pivot shaft 23. At the same time, the bracket lever 30 and the operating lever 28 are integrally pivoted. Similarly, the bracket lever 35 and the operating lever 32 are integrated with each other, and the bracket lever 38 and the operating lever 36 are integrated with each other, respectively.
If it is pivotally connected, the number of parts will decrease and the cost will decrease.

FIG. 9 shows another embodiment of the operation stroke changing mechanism of the hydraulic control valve described with reference to FIGS. 4 and 5. The lower part of the left operation lever 21 has a double shaft structure, and the outer shaft 57 and the inner shaft 58 rotate integrally. A cylindrical rotary shaft 59 is fitted on the outer periphery of the outer shaft 57 to
A handle 60 is provided so as to be rotatable around one side of an intermediate position of the rotary shaft 59, and a detent mechanism 61 is provided below the handle 60.

In the detent mechanism 61, the ball 63 pressed by the compression coil spring 62 has the ball 63 which is one of the recesses 6 of the outer shaft 57.
4 and engages the outer shaft 57 and the inner shaft 58 with the rotating shaft 59.
Is formed so that it does not rotate accidentally. When the handle 60 is gripped and the rotary shaft 59 is strongly rotated in one direction, the ball 63 is disengaged from the one concave portion 64 and the rotary shaft 59 is rotated, and when the ball is engaged with the other concave portion 65, the rotary shaft 59 is rotated. The shaft 59 is locked.

The arm 6 is attached to the other side of the lower portion of the rotary shaft 59.
6 is provided in a protruding manner, and support pins 67 and 68 are vertically provided on both sides in the vicinity of the tip of the arm 66 so as to protrude to the lower portion of the arm 66. On the other hand, a rotation base portion 69 of the left operation lever 21 is provided below the inner shaft 58, and a plate 70 is fixed near the upper portion of the rotation base portion 69. As shown in FIGS. 9 and 10, a shaft 71 is fixedly mounted on the plate 70.
A rotary shaft 72 is pivotally attached to the shaft 1. An arm 73 is projectingly provided on one side of the rotary shaft 72, and the tip of the arm 73 is attached to the arm 66.
The support pins 67 and 68 are clamped. Also, the arm 7
3 to the rotary shaft 72 at a constant angle with respect to the arm 74
To project. Further, the upper end of the operating rod 75 of the hydraulic control valve 18i for pushing and pulling the arm is connected to one side of the plate 70, and the operating rod 76 of the hydraulic control valve 18h for turning the upper frame is connected between the arms 73 and 74. Is provided, and its upper end is urged so as to always contact one arm 74.

When the operator holds the handle 60 and rotates the rotary shaft 59 counterclockwise in FIG. 10, the rotary shaft 59 and the arm 66 are rotated as shown in FIG.
Of the detent mechanism 61 is rotated in the counterclockwise direction about the axis of the outer shaft 57 by being disengaged from the one recess 64.
Acts and is locked. At that time, the arm 73 of the rotary shaft 72 is moved by being clamped by the support pins 67 and 68 vertically provided on the arm 66, and the rotary shaft 72 rotates clockwise with respect to the shaft 71 in the figure.

Then, as shown in FIG. 11, the operating rod 76 for turning the upper frame moves from the position shown by the chain double-dashed line to the position shown by the solid line. Therefore, the distance from the inner shaft 58 of the left operating lever to the operating rod 76 is as shown in FIG.
The maximum L ₁ shown in FIG. 11 is changed to the minimum L ₂ shown in FIG. 11, and the rotation speed of the operation rod 76 caused by the rotation of the inner shaft 58 of the left operation lever decreases. That is, the turning speed of the upper frame 14 becomes slower, and the operator can perform a very slow turning operation.

FIG. 12 shows a modification of the operation stroke changing mechanism of the hydraulic control valve shown in FIG. The lower part of the left operation lever 21 has a double shaft structure, and an inner shaft 78 is vertically movably fitted to a cylindrical outer shaft 77,
The lock pin 79 locks the vertical movement of the inner shaft 78. A flexible strip member 80 such as a leaf spring is fixed to the lower end of the inner shaft 78.
The other end portion 80b of 0 is bent and drawn out from the hole 81 of the outer shaft 77.

On the other hand, the upper end portion of the operating rod 75 of the hydraulic control valve 18i for pushing and pulling the arm is connected to one side portion of the plate 82 provided in the vicinity of the rotation base portion of the left operating lever 21.
A long hole 83 is opened at the other end of the plate 82 to attach a fixture 84.
Insert the pin 85 of. The other end 80b of the belt-shaped member is fixed to the mounting member 84, and the pin 85 of the mounting member 84 is inserted into the elongated hole 83 and protrudes to the lower surface of the plate 82 for turning the upper frame. Hydraulic control valve 18
It is connected to the operating rod 76 of h.

Then, when the operator removes the lock pin 79 and pulls up the grip 86 of the left operation lever 21, the inner shaft 78 moves upward and the belt-shaped member 80 moves the fixture 84 to the operation lever 21 side. When pulled, the pin 85 moves in the long hole 83. Therefore, the operating rod 76 for turning the upper frame moves to the position shown by the chain double-dashed line in the figure, and the distance from the inner shaft 78 of the left operating lever to the operating rod 76 changes from maximum L ₁ to minimum L ₂ . The rotation speed of the operation rod 76 that is changed and that is generated by the rotation of the left operation lever 21 decreases. That is, the turning speed of the upper frame 14 can be arbitrarily adjusted.

The present invention can be variously modified without departing from the spirit of the present invention, and it goes without saying that the present invention extends to the modified one.

[0033]

According to the present invention, as described in detail in the above-mentioned one embodiment, the hydraulic control valves are installed in a line, and a pivot shaft is provided in parallel with the hydraulic control valves to operate the operating lever of each hydraulic control valve and the left and right. The bracket levers connected to the operation rods of the operation levers are independently and rotatably pivotally attached to the pivot shafts. And
The plate connects the operation lever and the bracket lever to set the operation pattern of the operation lever. Therefore, by removing these plates and replacing them with other plates, it is possible to switch the operation pattern of the operation lever extremely easily, and since the configuration is simplified, the switching device can be housed in a small space, Even small construction machines can set various operation patterns.

In this way, the operator can operate the construction machine by switching to the operation pattern in which he / she is accustomed to heat, and can contribute to the improvement of safety and operability without increasing the cost.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a side view of a micro excavator that is an example of a construction machine.

FIG. 2 is a front view showing the inside of the upper frame of the power shovel.

FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a main part of a control lever switching device.

FIG. 4 is a side view of a main part showing an operating state of a bracket lever for changing a stroke.

FIG. 5 is a side view of a main part showing an operating state of a bracket lever for changing a stroke.

FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram showing an operation pattern of left and right operation levers.

FIG. 7 is a perspective view of a main part of the operation lever switching device in a state where the plate connecting position is changed from the state of FIG. 3;

FIG. 8 is an explanatory diagram showing an operation pattern of the left and right operation levers in a state where the operation pattern is changed from the state of FIG.

FIG. 9 is a perspective view showing another embodiment of the operation stroke changing mechanism.

FIG. 10 is a plan view of an essential part showing the operating state of FIG. 9.

FIG. 11 is a plan view of an essential part showing the operating state of FIG. 9;

FIG. 12 is a perspective view showing a modified example of the operation stroke changing mechanism.

[Explanation of symbols]

11 power shovels 18a, 18b, 18c, 18d, 18e hydraulic control valves 18f, 18g, 18h, 18i, 18j hydraulic control valves 19 right operating lever 21 left operating lever 23 pivot shaft 24, 28, 32, 36 operating lever 26, 29,34,37 Operation rod 27,30,35,38 Bracket lever 44,45,46,47 Plate 53,54,55,56 Plate

 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of front page (72) Inventor Kazushi Ochi 1 Yakura, Tobe-cho, Iyo-gun, Ehime Prefectural Engineering Department, Iseki Agricultural Machinery Co., Ltd. Inside (72) Inventor Masaaki Tona, 3-12-4 Gion, Asanan-ku, Hiroshima City, Hiroshima Prefecture Yutani Heavy Industries Co., Ltd.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A construction machine equipped with left and right operation levers which can freely rotate in the front-rear, left-right, and left-right cross directions, wherein a plurality of hydraulic control valves are installed in a line, and a plurality of hydraulic control valves are pivoted in parallel with the plurality of hydraulic control valves. An actuating lever of the hydraulic control valve is pivotally attached by providing an attachment shaft, and a bracket lever having operation rods of left and right operation levers connected thereto is pivotally attached to the pivot attachment shaft. Is connected to an arbitrary combination with a plate, and the plate is detachably formed.