JPH0692665B2 - Embankment bodies such as artificial ponds and rivers - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Industrial field of use] The present invention relates to a bank body such as an artificial pond or a river.

[Prior Art] Conventionally, in artificially made levee bodies such as ponds and rivers, a water-impermeable layer formed of concrete, a waterproof sheet, etc. from the bottom to the slope and even the top. It is widely practiced to cover and prevent the collapse of levee bodies and water outflow.

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] However, since the water-impervious layer is formed of a material such as a waterproof sheet made of synthetic resin or waterproof concrete, plants cannot survive and it has been a long time since construction. Will be kept as it is.

Therefore, the bottom and part of the slope that is submerged in the water in the impermeable layer and the top of the slope where the embankment is possible will be hidden, but the slope above the minimum water level. Since the impermeable layer remains exposed in the area, the scenery is damaged, and this is a problem especially in areas where natural scenery is important, such as parks, gardens, golf courses, and tourist resorts.

The present invention has been made in order to solve these problems, and plants do not appear on the exposed part of the impermeable layer and look like natural ponds or rivers without damaging the landscape. The purpose is to provide levee bodies such as artificial ponds and rivers.

[Means for Solving the Problems] In order to solve the above problems, the bank of the artificial pond, the river, etc. according to the present invention is provided at least near the low water level of the impermeable layer provided along the slope. A plant viable layer provided along the surface above the fibrous mat disposed over at least a low water level of the impermeable layer and a part of the crown, and this fiber. It is characterized in that it is composed of a mat-like material and the soil sandwiched between the impermeable layer.

[Operation] A plant grows in a layer in which a plant can live and is provided along the surface of the water-impervious layer, and hides the water-impermeable layer.

In addition, the fibrous mat placed on the surface of the plant viable layer prevents the outflow of the soil between the water-impervious layer and keeps it in a stable state. Be effective.

[Embodiment] Next, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

FIGS. 1 to 4 show an embodiment of the present invention. The bank 1 such as an artificial pond or a river has a thickness of 1.5 mm, for example.
A waterproof sheet 2 made of synthetic resin of a certain degree is laid over the top 3, slope 4, and bottom (not shown) to form the waterproof sheet 2 and the water blocking layer 5.

Then, over a part of the crown 3 located above the low water level 6 on the slope 4 of the impermeable layer 5 and above it, for example, a strip having a thickness of 3 to 5 mm and a width of 1 to 10 m is formed. The mesh mat of small holes made of plant fibers such as palms formed has an edge portion in the longitudinal direction of the dam body 1 with the soil 8 having a thickness of about 10 cm sandwiched between them and the impermeable layer 5. They are arranged one on top of the other, thereby forming a plant-implantable layer 9.

In addition, reference numeral 10 in the drawing indicates the embankment filled on the portion of the crown 3,
Reference numeral 11 is a stopper for fixing the upper end of the waterproof sheet 2 to the groove 12 formed on the top end 3, and reference numeral 8a is clay.

Next, the construction method of this embodiment will be described.

Fig. 3 shows an example of the construction method of the embodiment shown in Figs. 1 and 2 of the previous term. First, the bottom (not shown) of the artificially formed dam body 1, the slope 4 and the ceiling. The waterproof sheet 2 is laid on the end 3, and the upper end of the waterproof sheet 2 is fixed to the bottom of the groove 12 formed along the longitudinal direction of the bank 1 at the top end 3 by the fastener 11. Next, the lower ends of a large number of mats 7 are connected slightly below the low water level vicinity 6 of the waterproof sheet 2, and the edges of these mats are overlapped with each other and arranged in the longitudinal direction of the bank 1, and these are arranged. While folding back in the direction of the top 3 and filling the bottom of the gap formed between the waterproof sheet 2 and the mat 7 with clay 8a, the soil 8 is poured to a substantially uniform thickness.

Next, the upper end of the mat 7 is stacked on the waterproof sheet 2 fixed in the groove 12, and earth and sand are put into the groove 12 to fix it to the top end 3. A layer 9 capable of planting plants is formed on the surface of the slope 5 of the layer 5 slightly below the low water level area 6 and over a part of the crown 3, and finally the part of the crown 3 is covered with the embankment 10.

Then, if it is urgently necessary for the plant to thrive, plant seedlings on the soil 8 or the mat 7 or sow the seeds,
Alternatively, even without artificially activating the plants in this way, the seeds carried by the wind will fly after the construction, or the roots of the grass will spread from the embankment 10 to the soil 8 and germinate, so that the plants will naturally grow. To do.

In this construction method, first, the water discharge sheet 2 is attached to the dam body 1.
Is laid to form the impermeable layer 5, and then the impermeable layer 5
The lower end of the low water level 6 is connected to the lower end of the mat 7, and the upper end of the mat is folded back upward. However, before fixing the upper end of the waterproof sheet 2 to the top 3, the lower end of the mat 7 near the low water level 6 is connected and the soil 8 is put between them to form the waterproof sheet 2 and the mat 7. It is also possible to overlap the upper end of the above and fix them together to the top end 3.

FIG. 4 and FIG. 5 show an example of a connecting means between the waterproof sheet 2 and the mat 7 in the vicinity of the low water level 6 of the water-blocking layer 5, which is a belt-like fixing for connecting the mat 7 of the waterproof sheet 2. The member 14 is formed in an annular shape and fixed, has a proper length, and is covered with aluminum to provide corrosion resistance to a steel rod 13
The both ends are exposed and inserted into the fixing member 14, and the iron wires 15 and 15 having an appropriate length and covered with aluminum are wound around the both ends, and both the free ends of the iron wires are moved upward. Leave it protruding.

Then, as shown in FIG. 5, a mat 7 is laid on the surface of the waterproof sheet 2 by penetrating both free ends of the iron wires 15 and 15, and a steel rod 16 similar to the steel rod 16 is placed on the surface of the mat 7. Are arranged in an overlapping manner, and both free ends of the iron wires 15 and 15 are wound around both ends and fastened to connect the waterproof sheet 2 and the mat 7s.

According to this connecting means, the connecting operation is quick and surely connected, but needless to say, other connecting means may be used.

In this embodiment having such a configuration, the lower part of the slope 4 of the water blocking layer 5 formed by the waterproof sheet 2 on the bank 1 is always submerged in the water, while the lower part 6 is near the low water level. Edge 3
Is always hidden by the embankment 10 and the low water level near the slope 4 where the water barrier layer 5 was exposed as it was 6
The upper part and a part of the crown 3 are the layers 9 on which plants can live.
The plants will grow and cover up in a relatively short period of time, giving a natural landscape.

In particular, in this embodiment, since the plant-activatable layer 9 is formed by the soil 8 and the fibrous mat 7 having water absorbency, the plant is well-fixed, and rainwater is retained. Plants grow well because they absorb the water of ponds and rivers and retain a proper amount of water and nutrients.

In addition, the layer 9 on which the plant can be vitalized is particularly stable because the fibrous mat 7 arranged on the surface prevents the outflow of the soil 8 sandwiched between it and the impermeable layer and keeps it in a stable state. In this embodiment, the clay 8a is arranged in the part of the plant viable layer 9 that is constantly immersed in water, thereby further preventing the soil 8 from being washed away.

In this embodiment, the water-blocking layer 5 is formed of the waterproof sheet 2, but when the water-blocking layer 5 is formed of concrete, the lower end of the mat 7 is placed on the concrete slope. It is directly fixed and the upper end thereof is folded back upward, and the soil is put between them to form a plant viable layer 9 (not shown).

Further, in the present embodiment, the mat 7 is a mesh made of plant fibers such as palm, but other fibrous materials such as synthetic resin non-woven fabric may be used.

FIG. 6 shows a different embodiment of the present invention, in which a water blocking layer 5 is formed by providing a concrete layer 13 on the bottom portion (not shown) of the dam body 1, the slope 4 and the top end 3. .

The impermeable layer 5 has a length twice as long as the length extending from the low water level portion 6 of the slope to the crown 3, for example, a thickness of about 10 mm and formed of a synthetic resin non-woven fabric. A large number of mats 7 are sequentially connected to each other at their side end portions, folded back at approximately the center in the longitudinal direction of the mat 7, and both ends are overlapped to form a bag shape and the soil 8 is filled therein. The layer 9 on which plants can be lived is formed in advance.

Then, the layer 9 on which this plant can live is arranged along the longitudinal direction of the dam body 1 so that the folded-back portion 7a is located in the vicinity of the low water level portion 6 of the slope 4 of the impermeable layer 5, and they are superposed. The both ends are fixed to the bottom of the groove 12 formed on the top end 3 by the stoppers 11.

In the drawing, reference numeral 8a is clay and reference numeral 10 is embankment.

In this embodiment, the construction is simpler, and in particular, the impermeable layer 5
Suitable when is made of concrete.

EFFECTS OF THE INVENTION Since the present invention is configured as described above, the plant is attached to the impermeable layer provided on the slope of the artificial pond or river, and the impermeable layer 5 is formed.
It is concealed and looks like nature, so it does not spoil the landscape and is extremely effective in places where the landscape is valued, such as gardens, parks and tourist attractions.

In particular, the present invention is characterized in that the plant-activatable layer is formed of a fibrous mat having a soil and water absorbability,
The plant is well-fixed, and in addition to having rainwater and the like, it not only grows the plant satisfactorily because it absorbs the water of the pond and river and retains an appropriate amount of water and nutrients, but the layer on which the plant can live is The fibrous mat placed on the surface prevents the outflow of the soil sandwiched between it and the impermeable layer and keeps it in a stable state, preventing the soil from flowing away.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective cutaway view showing an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a sectional view of FIG. 1, and FIG. 3 is an explanatory view showing a construction method of the embodiment shown in FIG. 5 and FIG. 5 are explanatory views showing an example of the connecting means between the waterproof sheet and the mat in the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, and FIG. 6 are perspective cutaway views showing a different embodiment of the present invention. 1 ... Propeller, 2 ... Waterproof sheet, 4 ... Slope, 5 ... Impermeable layer, 6
… Around low water level, 9… Plant viable layer, 13… Concrete layer.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A plant-activatable layer, which is provided along the surface of a water shield layer provided along a slope and above at least a low water level, is at least a low layer of the water shield layer. A man-made structure characterized by comprising a fibrous mat arranged from near the water level to a part of the crown and a soil sandwiched between the fibrous mat and the impermeable layer. Embankments such as ponds and rivers.