JPH0684052U - Continuously variable transmission - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Abstract] [Purpose] To provide a transmission capable of continuously variable transmission. [Structure] A device 10 includes an orbiting gear train 11 and an electromagnetic coupler 12. The orbiting gear train 11 is the first power input / output rotary shaft.
13, a second power input / output rotary shaft 14, a power input / output rotary arm 15, and gears 16 to 19, all of which are provided in the housing 20. The electromagnetic coupler 12 includes a first magnet 21 and a second magnet 22,
These are electromagnetically coupled to each other. Magnet 21,2
2 is composed of an electromagnet. When the rotary shaft 13 is the driving side and a drive source is connected to the end of the rotary shaft 13 to input the rotational force, and the rotary shaft 14 side is the output shaft of the rotary power, the rotational speed of the rotary arm 15 is By changing it, the output rotation speed of the rotary shaft 14 can be changed. To change the speed, the supply voltage to the magnets 21 and 22 is controlled, and the magnitude of the electromagnetic coupling force that acts between the magnets 21 and 22 is adjusted to continuously control the rotation speed. .

Description

[Detailed description of the device]

[0001]

[Industrial applications]

 The present invention relates to a continuously variable transmission, and more particularly to a continuously variable transmission using a circumferential gear train and an electromagnetic coupler.

[0002]

[Prior art]

 The rotational power generated by a drive source (for example, an engine) can be appropriately changed in rotational speed according to various demands before being transmitted to a load. For example, the rotational output from an automobile engine needs to be changed in speed according to road conditions before being transmitted to the drive wheels, and appropriately shifted to obtain maximum output efficiency. For this reason, at present, a manual transmission system in a general automobile is equipped with a transmission composed of a large number of gears, and the purpose of shifting is achieved by changing the combination of gears.

However, such a conventional transmission has the technical problems described below.

[0004]

[Technical issues to be solved by the device]

 That is, in the above-described transmission composed of a large number of gears, normally, even if the number of gears is large, it is limited to the 5th speed, and continuous gear shifting is not possible. Therefore, the output from the engine is most effectively applied. I can't. In this case, if an attempt is made to increase the number of gear ratios (that is, to increase the gear ratio), the number of gears increases significantly, the volume of the gears increases, and the weight increases, which complicates the transmission. It becomes very uneconomical.

In addition, in the above-described conventional transmission, vibration is generated at the time of gear shifting, and gear shifting must always be performed in cooperation with the clutch. As a device that solves most of the problems of such a manual transmission system, an automatic transmission system in which a planetary gear train and a fluid coupling are combined is provided. However, the automatic transmissions currently provided have only four gear ratios, and even in such automatic transmissions, the output from the engine could not be applied most effectively.

The present invention has been made in view of such conventional problems, and an object of the present invention is to obtain a continuous speed ratio and most effectively apply an output from a driving source. An object of the present invention is to provide a continuously variable transmission capable of performing the above.

[0007]

[Means for Solving the Problems]

 In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is a continuously variable transmission having a housing, a rotating gear train, and an electromagnetic coupler, the rotating gear train being operably mounted in the housing. A rotary arm and a pair of input shafts or output shafts for inputting or outputting rotational power, and the electromagnetic coupler utilizes an electromagnetic coupling force between the input shaft and the output shaft. The first magnet mounted on either the input shaft or the output shaft is electromagnetically coupled to the first magnet and mounted on the rotary arm. And a second magnet.

At least one of the first and second magnets can be configured by an electromagnet.

[0009]

[Action]

 According to the continuously variable transmission having the above structure, the orbiting gear train having a pair of input shafts or output shafts, into which the rotational power is input or output, and a rotary arm, is operably mounted in the housing, and It has a first magnet mounted on either the input shaft or the output shaft, and a second magnet electromagnetically coupled to the first magnet and mounted on the rotating arm, and uses an electromagnetic coupling force. Further, since the electromagnetic coupler for adjusting the rotation speed ratio between the input shaft and the output shaft is provided, the rotational power output from the drive source can be divided into two paths and transmitted. .

That is, first, in one of the transmission paths, the power directly input from the drive source to the input shaft is transmitted to the output shaft. The other transmission path converts the magnetic force into a mechanical force through the electromagnetic coupler and is transmitted. After the rotary powers from these two transmission paths are reassembled, they are finally output from the output shaft. In this case, the rotational speed ratio between the input shaft and the output shaft can be changed by adjusting the coupling magnetic force of the electromagnetic coupler.

[0011]

【Example】

 Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. 1 to 3 show an embodiment of a continuously variable transmission according to the present invention. The continuously variable transmission 10 shown in the figure includes a set of circumferential gear trains 11 and a set of electromagnetic couplers 12. The orbiting gear train 11 mainly includes a first power input / output rotary shaft 13, a second power input / output rotary shaft 14, a power input / output rotary arm 15, gears 16, 17, 18, 19, and the like. Includes parts, all of which are mounted within the housing 20.

The first power input / output rotary shaft 13 and the second power input / output rotary shaft 14 are rotatably supported by the housing 20 via bearings, respectively. The gear 16 is attached to an end of the first power input / output rotary shaft 13, and gears 17 and 19 mesh with the gear 16. The gear 18 is attached to the end of the second power input / output rotary shaft 14, and gears 17 and 19 mesh with the gear 18.

The power input / output rotary arm 15 is arranged so as to pass through the gears 17 and 19, and the gears 17 and 19 are rotatably provided around the rotary arm 15. The electromagnetic coupler 12 includes a first magnet 21 and a second magnet 22. The first magnet 21 is arranged on the surface of a ring-shaped magnet plate 21a attached to the power input / output rotation arm 15, and the second magnet 22 is attached to the second power input / output rotation shaft 14. It is arranged on the circular plate 22a.

The first and second magnets 21 and 22 are face-to-face arranged so as to be electromagnetically coupled to each other. Further, in these first and second magnets 21 and 22, either one of the magnets 21 or 22 can be constituted by an electromagnet, and the other magnet 21 or 22 can be constituted by a permanent magnet. Each of the magnets 21 and 22 can be composed of an electromagnet.

In the embodiment shown in the drawings, the first and second magnets 21 and 22 are each made of an electromagnetic stone and have a coil 50. Conductive wires 23, 24, 25 and 26 are connected to the coils 50 of the magnets 21 and 22, respectively. The ends of the conductive wires 23, 24, 25 and 26 are connected to the electric brushes 27, 28 and 29, respectively. , 30.

The electric brushes 27, 30 are in contact with a slip ring 31 provided on the housing 20 on the side of the first power input / output rotary shaft 13, and the electric brushes 28, 29 are for the second power input / output. Electric power is supplied to the coil 50 from a power source (not shown) that is in contact with the slip ring 32 provided in the housing 20 on the side of the output rotation shaft 14 and is connected to each slip ring 31, 32. ing.

Now, assuming that the first power input / output rotary shaft 13 is the driving side, a drive source is connected to the end of the rotary shaft 13 to input a rotational force, and the second power input / output rotary shaft 14 side When is used as the output shaft of the rotational power, the output rotation speed of the second power input / output rotation shaft 14 can be changed by changing the rotation speed of the power input / output rotation arm 15. In the present embodiment, the control circuit shown in FIG. 3 is used to control the supply voltage of the first and second magnets 21 and 22 composed of electromagnets, and thereby the electromagnetic coupling force acting between the magnets 21 and 22 is controlled. The size is adjusted, and as a result, the output rotational speed of the power input / output rotary arm 15 is adjusted, and the output rotational speed of the rotary shaft 14 is continuously controlled.

In this case, in order to effectively control the output rotation speed of the rotation shaft 14, a rotation speed detector 35 is arranged above the rotation shaft 14. The rotation speed detector 35 includes a rotation ring 36 provided on the back side of the disc 22a to which the second magnet 22 is attached, a light source 37 provided below the slip ring 32, and a light source 37 facing the light source 37. And a phototransistor 38 supported by the housing 20.

The rotating ring 36 interposed between the light source 37 and the phototransistor 38 is provided with one or a large number of through holes 39, through which the light emitted from the light source 37 passes. When it reaches the phototransistor 38 through 39, it is converted into an electric signal by the phototransistor 38 and is output. By detecting this output, the rotational speed of the rotary ring 36, that is, the rotational speed of the rotary shaft 14 is determined. To be detected.

In the control circuit 40 shown in FIG. 3, the user can change the rotation speed of the rotary shaft 14 at any time or set a predetermined rotation speed based on the needs. In FIG. 3, reference numeral 41 is a speed register for temporarily storing the set speed, and the signal Da corresponding to the set speed is output from the speed register 41.

The instantaneous rotation speed signal detected by the rotation speed detector 35 is input to the rotation speed measuring device 42, and a signal Db corresponding to the instantaneous rotation speed signal detected from the rotation speed measuring device 42 is output. . The signal Da and the signal Db are simultaneously input to the comparator 43. In the comparator 43, the signal Da and the signal Db are compared, and the comparison result has the following three situations, and different output signals from the output terminals a, b, c of the comparator 43 depending on these situations. Sent out.

When Da = Db, c = 0, a = 0, b = 0, and when Da> Db, c = 1, a = 1, b = 0, and Da <Db Sometimes c = 1, a = 1, b = 1 The outputs of the comparator 43 are such that a and b are directly input to the counter 46, and c is input to the counter 46 via the AND gate 45, The oscillator 44 is connected to the other input terminal of the AND gate 45. A D / A converter 47 is connected to the output side of the counter 46, and a variable resistor 48 is connected to the output side of the D / A converter 47.

A base of a transistor 49 is connected to an intermediate terminal of the variable resistor 48 via a resistor, and a coil 50 is connected to an emitter of the transistor 49. As the output (signal Dc) of the counter 46, the following three types of signals are transmitted depending on the states of the outputs a, b and c of the comparator 43.

When'a = 1 and b = 0, the counter 46 counts up. In this case, the output condition of the comparator 43 corresponds to, and therefore c = 1, and as a result, the generated pulse from the oscillator 44 is input to the counter 46 via the ANDOT 45. In this situation, the output signal Dc of the counter 46 becomes a digital signal whose voltage gradually increases, and this increased voltage is converted into an analog signal via the D / A converter 47 and supplied to the variable resistor 48. It

As a result, the base voltage of the transistor 49 gradually decreases, and the supply voltage of the coils 50 of the two magnets 21 and 22 increases. When the supply voltage to the coil 50 increases in this way, the electromagnetic coupling force between the magnets 21 and 22, that is, the attraction force, gradually increases, and the speed difference between the rotating arm 15 and the rotating shaft 14 gradually increases. The rotating speed of the rotating shaft 14 and the rotating arm 15 becomes closer to each other, and the rotating speed of the rotating shaft 14 increases.

Then, due to the action of the orbiting gear train 11, the rotation speed of the rotary shaft 14 increases, and the rotation is stopped when the signal Da = Db. When the signal Da = Db, the output of the comparator 43 becomes a = 0, b = 0, c = 0, the input from the oscillator 44 to the counter 46 is lost, and the counter 46 stops its operation. The voltage supplied to the coil 50 is also stabilized (maintained constant) accordingly, and as a result, the rotation speed of the rotary shaft 14 also holds a stable and expected rotation speed.

When'a = 0 and b = 1, the counter 46 counts down. In this case, the output condition of the comparator 43 corresponds to, and therefore c = 1, and as a result, the generated pulse from the oscillator 44 is input to the counter 46 via the ANDOT 45. In this situation, the output signal Dc of the counter 46 becomes a digital signal whose voltage gradually decreases, and this reduced voltage is converted into an analog signal via the D / A converter 47 and supplied to the variable resistor 48. It

As a result, the base voltage of the transistor 49 gradually increases, and the supply voltage to the coils 50 of the two magnets 21 and 22 decreases. When the voltage supplied to the coil 50 decreases in this way, the electromagnetic coupling force between the magnets 21 and 22, that is, the adsorption force, gradually decreases, and the speed difference between the rotating arm 15 and the rotating shaft 14 gradually decreases. The rotation speed of the rotating shaft 14 and the rotating arm 15 becomes closer to each other, and the rotating speed of the rotating shaft 14 decreases.

Then, due to the action of the orbiting gear train 11, the rotation speed of the rotary shaft 14 slows down and stops when the signal Da = Db. When the signal Da = Db, the output of the comparator 43 becomes a = 0, b = 0, c = 0, the input from the oscillator 44 to the counter 46 is lost, and the counter 46 stops its operation. The voltage supplied to the coil 50 is also stabilized (maintained constant) accordingly, and as a result, the rotational speed of the rotary shaft 14 is maintained at a stable and expected rotational speed.

When'a = 0 and b = 0, the counter 46 does not operate. Further, in this case, since c = 0, the output pulse from the oscillator 44 cannot enter from the clock terminal of the counter 46. Under such a condition, the output signal Dc of the counter 46 is maintained as it is, and as a result, the resistance of the transistor 49 does not change, so that the coupling electromagnetic force generated from the coil 50 does not change, so that the rotating shaft 14 The output rotation speed of is maintained at a stable desired rotation speed.

On the other hand, when the signal Da is 0, the output of the counter 46 of the control circuit 40 changes to 0. As a result, the transistor 49 turns off and the voltage of the coil 50 becomes 0. In this state, the coupling action between the two sets of magnets 21 and 22 disappears. Therefore, assuming that the rotation speed of the rotating arm 15 is N15, N15 = N13 (N13 is the rotation speed of the rotating shaft 13), and the rotating speed of the rotating shaft 14 becomes zero.

As described above, in the continuously variable transmission of the present invention, the rotational speed ratio between the output-side rotating shaft 14 and the input-side rotating shaft 13 is continuously adjusted by using the electromagnetic coupler 12. In addition to being able to do so, the rotation of the rotating shaft 14 can be made zero, so that it can also be used as a clutch.

A more important point in the device of the present invention is that the continuously variable transmission of the present invention can accelerate from 0 to a maximum gradually. That is, in the device of the present invention, the rotation speed ratio on the output side can be gradually increased from 0: 1 to 1: 1 and, conversely, can be reduced to 0, so that the rotation speed ratio can be adjusted. It has a very wide range of possibilities and can be finely adjusted.

Although not described in detail in the above embodiment, when the rotation speed ratio between the rotating shafts 13 and 14 is 1: 1, the coupling force of the electromagnetic coupler 12 is maximized. Obtained when the magnets 21 and 22 rotate at the same rotation speed.

The continuously variable transmission of the present invention can be applied to a transmission system of an automobile, and when the automatic transmission is performed according to the road condition and the driver's intention, the signal Da shown in the above embodiment is used. This can be achieved by automatically controlling by a suitable control system. The orbiting gear train 11 of the present invention is not limited to the one shown in the above embodiment, but it is also possible to use, for example, a planetary gear train or a sun and planetary gear train.

The arrangement of the two sets of magnets 21 and 22 can be selected from any one of the following configurations. The orbiting gear train 11 has three power input / output departments, a first power input / output rotary shaft 13, a second power input / output rotary shaft 14, and a power input / output rotary arm 15. If one of the first power input / output rotary shaft 13 and the second power input / output rotary shaft 14 of these three departments is the input shaft, the other becomes the output shaft and the remaining one department rotates. It serves as a speed-controlled rotating shaft that adjusts the speed ratio.

Be sure to mount either one of the two sets of magnets 21 and 22 on this speed control rotary shaft, and the other to the power input rotary shaft, power output rotary shaft, or rotating gear train. Attach to any one of the other fixed parts that are fixed to the housing. In this case, the two sets of magnets 21 and 22 must be electromagnetically coupled.

When the continuously variable transmission of the present invention is applied to the shifting of an automobile, the power output from the engine is divided into two, one of which is directly transmitted to the input shaft and the other of which is transmitted. The power is converted into electric power by driving a generator and then converted into magnetic force and mechanical force by the electromagnetic coupler of the present invention. Then, after these two forces are further coupled, they are finally delivered from the output shaft. Thus, when the device of the present invention is applied to an automobile, the electromagnetic coupler can be operated without using energy other than the output of the engine.

[0039]

[Effect of device]

 As described above in detail in the embodiments, the continuously variable transmission according to the present invention has the following effects. With the device of the present invention, it is possible to continuously change gears, and the power output from a drive source such as an engine can be applied most efficiently. In the device of the present invention, the rotational speed of the output rotary shaft can be adjusted in a wide range from 0 to the maximum and precisely. When the load exceeds the maximum load of the drive source (engine), the electromagnetic coupler automatically slips, effectively avoiding the stop of the drive source (engine).

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a sectional view showing an embodiment of a continuously variable transmission according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along line 2-2 of FIG.

FIG. 3 is a circuit diagram of a control system of a continuously variable transmission according to the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 10 continuously variable transmission 11 orbiting gear train 12 electromagnetic coupler 13 first power input / output rotary shaft 14 second power input / output rotary shaft 15 power input / output rotary arm 16 gear 17 gear 18 gear 19 gear 20 housing 21 1st magnet 22 2nd magnet 35 Rotation detector 40 Control circuit 50 Coil

Claims (2)

[Scope of utility model registration request] 1. A continuously variable transmission having a housing, a rotating gear train, and an electromagnetic coupler, wherein the rotating gear train is operably mounted in the housing, and receives rotational power. It has a pair of input shafts or output shafts to be output and a rotating arm, and the electromagnetic coupler uses an electromagnetic coupling force to adjust a rotation speed ratio between the input shaft and the output shaft. And a first magnet mounted on either one of the input shaft or the output shaft, and a second magnet electromagnetically coupled to the first magnet and mounted on the rotating arm. A characteristic continuously variable transmission. 2. The continuously variable transmission according to claim 1, wherein at least one of the first and second magnets is an electromagnet.