JPH0674805U - Boiler water level controller - Google Patents
Boiler water level controllerInfo
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- JPH0674805U JPH0674805U JP8585692U JP8585692U JPH0674805U JP H0674805 U JPH0674805 U JP H0674805U JP 8585692 U JP8585692 U JP 8585692U JP 8585692 U JP8585692 U JP 8585692U JP H0674805 U JPH0674805 U JP H0674805U
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- water level
- water
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- detection
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Abstract
(57)【要約】
【目的】 燃焼負荷対応型のボイラの水位制御装置にお
いて、少ない水位制御電極数できめ細かい多段階の水位
制御を行うと共に装置のコスト低減を図る。
【構成】 高燃焼時の負荷検出手段Ｐによる高負荷検出
時、ポンプ６は電極ＭのＯＦＦから所定時間Ｔ３経過後
にＯＮされ、電極ＭのＯＮによりポンプ６がＯＦＦさ
れ、低負荷検出時ポンプ６は電極Ｍの水無し検出により
ＯＮされ、電極ＭのＯＮから所定時間Ｔ４経過後にＯＦ
Ｆされ、低燃焼時の負荷検出手段Ｐによる高負荷検出時
ポンプ６は電極ＳのＯＦＦによりＯＮされ、電極ＭのＯ
ＮによりＯＦＦされ、低負荷検出時ポンプ６は電極Ｓの
ＯＦＦから所定時間Ｔ１経過後にＯＮされ、電極ＳのＯ
Ｎから所定時間Ｔ２経過後にＯＦＦされる。
(57) [Abstract] [Purpose] In a boiler water level control device for combustion load, it is possible to perform fine multi-step water level control with a small number of water level control electrodes and reduce the cost of the device. High load upon detection by the load detecting means P at the time of [Configuration] high fire, the pump 6 is ON from OFF electrode M after a predetermined time T3 has elapsed, the pump 6 is turned OFF by the ON electrode M, the low load detecting when the pump 6 Is turned on by detecting the absence of water in the electrode M, and is turned off after a predetermined time T4 has elapsed since the electrode M was turned on.
Is F, high load detecting when the pump 6 by the load detecting means P at low combustion is ON by OFF of the electrode S, the electrode M O
When the low load is detected, the pump 6 is turned on after a predetermined time T1 has elapsed since the electrode S was turned off.
It is turned off after a predetermined time T2 has elapsed from N.
Description
【０００１】[0001]
この考案は、貫流式小型ボイラ等のボイラの水位制御装置に関し、特に低燃焼 及び高燃焼対応型（熱負荷対応型）の水位制御装置に関するものである。 The present invention relates to a water level control device for a boiler such as a once-through small boiler, and more particularly to a water level control device for low combustion and high combustion (heat load compatible).
【０００２】[0002]
従来の小型貫流式ボイラの水位制御方式においては、缶体の水管の温度は管内 の水位、管内の蒸気圧及び水管を加熱する熱流束（燃焼量）の３つの要素によっ て左右されることが知られている。このため、蒸気圧と熱流束とを検出しこれに 応じて、管内水位を適正に制御することで水管の過熱を防止する技術が提案され ている（特開54-103905 号公報参照）。 In the conventional water level control system for small once-through boilers, the temperature of the water pipe in the can is influenced by three factors: the water level inside the pipe, the vapor pressure inside the pipe, and the heat flux (combustion amount) that heats the water pipe. It has been known. Therefore, there has been proposed a technique for preventing overheating of the water pipe by detecting the vapor pressure and the heat flux and appropriately controlling the water level in the pipe accordingly (see Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 54-103905).
【０００３】[0003]
しかしながら、上記の従来例は、３本の水位検出電極を用いて３段階の水位制 御を行うものであり、使用する電極数の割にきめ細かい多段階の水位制御を行う ことができないと共に装置のコストアップを招くという課題があった。 本考案は、こうした課題を解決することを目的としてなされたものである。 However, the above-mentioned conventional example uses three water level detection electrodes to perform water level control in three stages, and thus it is not possible to perform fine multi-stage water level control for the number of electrodes used, and the device There was a problem of increasing costs. The present invention has been made for the purpose of solving these problems.
【０００４】[0004]
この考案は、上部管寄せ２及び下部管寄せ３間に略垂直の多数の水管４を接続 した缶体１と、前記上部管寄せ２及び下部管寄せ３間に連通接続される水位制御 器12と、前記水管４を少なくとも高燃焼と低燃焼とに加熱するバーナ５と、前記 缶体１に水を供給するポンプ６とを備える蒸気ボイラにおいて、それぞれ前記水 位制御器12内の所定水位を検出するように設けられる第１水位検出手段Ｍと、こ の第１水位検出手段Ｍよりも高い所定の水位を検出する第２水位検出手段Ｓと、 蒸気負荷を検出する負荷検出手段７と、高燃焼の低負荷時に前記第１水位検出手 段Ｍの水無し検出から所定時間Ｔ３経過後に前記ポンプ６をＯＮすると共に水有 り検出により前記ポンプ６をＯＦＦし、高燃焼の高負荷時に前記第１水位検出手 段Ｍの水無し検出により前記ポンプ６をＯＮすると共に同水位検出手段Ｍの水有 り検出から所定時間Ｔ４経過後に前記ポンプ６をＯＦＦし、低燃焼の低負荷時に 前記第１水位検出手段Ｓの水無し検出により前記ポンプ６をＯＮすると共に第２ 水位検出手段Ｓの水有り検出により前記ポンプ６をＯＦＦし、低燃焼の高負荷時 第２水位検出手段Ｓの水無し検出から所定時間Ｔ１経過後に前記ポンプ６をＯＮ すると共に同水位検出手段Ｓの水有り検出から所定時間Ｔ２経過後に前記ポンプ ６をＯＦＦすることを特徴とするものである。 In this invention, a can body 1 in which a large number of substantially vertical water pipes 4 are connected between an upper head 2 and a lower head 3 and a water level controller 12 connected in communication between the upper head 2 and the lower head 3 In a steam boiler including a burner 5 for heating the water pipe 4 to at least high combustion and low combustion, and a pump 6 for supplying water to the can body 1, the predetermined water level in the water level controller 12 is adjusted. First water level detecting means M provided so as to detect, second water level detecting means S for detecting a predetermined water level higher than the first water level detecting means M, load detecting means 7 for detecting a steam load, At high combustion and low load, the pump 6 is turned on after a lapse of a predetermined time T3 from the detection of no water in the first water level detecting means M, and at the same time when the presence of water is detected, the pump 6 is turned off. No water detection for first water level detection step M By turning on the pump 6 and turning off the pump 6 after a lapse of a predetermined time T4 from the detection of the presence of water by the same water level detecting means M, the first water level detecting means S detects the absence of water at the time of low combustion and low load. When the pump 6 is turned on and the second water level detecting means S detects the presence of water, the pump 6 is turned off, and the pump 6 is turned on after a lapse of a predetermined time T1 from the detection of the absence of water by the second water level detecting means S at the time of low combustion and high load. The pump 6 is turned on, and the pump 6 is turned off after a lapse of a predetermined time T2 from the detection of the presence of water by the same water level detecting means S.
この考案によれば、高燃焼時には負荷検出手段７により低負荷が検出されると 、ポンプ６は第１水位検出手段Ｍの水無し検出から所定時間Ｔ３経過後にＯＮさ れ、同水位検出手段Ｍの水有りによりポンプ６がＯＦＦされ、高負荷が検出され るとポンプ６は第１水位検出手段Ｍの水無し検出によりＯＮされ、同水位検出手 段Ｍの水有り検出から所定時間Ｔ４経過後にＯＦＦされる。低燃焼時には負荷検 出手段７により低負荷が検出されるとポンプ６は第１水位検出手段Ｓの水無し検 出によりＯＮされ、同水位検出手段Ｓの水有り検出によりＯＦＦされ、高負荷が 検出されるとポンプ６は第２水位検出手段Ｓの水無し検出から所定時間Ｔ１経過 後にＯＮされ、同水位検出手段Ｓの水有り検出から所定時間Ｔ２経過後にＯＦＦ される。 According to this invention, when a low load is detected by the load detecting means 7 during high combustion, the pump 6 is turned on after a lapse of a predetermined time T3 from the detection of the absence of water by the first water level detecting means M, and the same water level detecting means M. When the high load is detected, the pump 6 is turned off by the presence of water, and the pump 6 is turned on by the detection of the absence of water by the first water level detection means M, and after a lapse of a predetermined time T4 from the detection of the presence of water by the same water level detection means M. It is turned off. When a low load is detected by the load detection means 7 during low combustion, the pump 6 is turned on by the first water level detection means S detecting no water, and turned off by the same water level detection means S detecting water present. When detected, the pump 6 is turned on after a lapse of a predetermined time T1 from the detection of the absence of water by the second water level detecting means S, and turned off after a lapse of a predetermined time T2 from the detection of the presence of water by the water level detecting means S.
【０００６】[0006]
以下、この考案の具体的な実施例を図面に基づいて詳細に説明する。図面に示 す実施例は一例として、多管式小型貫流ボイラについて図示したもので、図１は 、この考案の一実施例の概略を示す説明図である。 Hereinafter, a specific embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. The embodiment shown in the drawings shows a multi-tube small once-through boiler as an example, and FIG. 1 is an explanatory view showing the outline of an embodiment of the present invention.
【０００７】 図１において、１は、環状の上部管寄せ２及び環状の下部管寄せ３間に多数の 略垂直の水管４、４を円環状に連通接続した円筒状の缶体で、バーナ５からの燃 焼火炎及び燃焼ガスは水管４、４を内側から加熱した後、隣接する水管４、４間 の間隙を流通した後、図示しない燃焼ガス排出口から排出される。尚、この缶体 としては水管群を２重円環状に配列した周知のオメガフロー缶体等を用いても良 い。６は缶体１内への給水用ポンプ、７は蒸気負荷検出手段としての缶体１内の 蒸気圧を検出する蒸気圧力検出器、８は水管４上端部の温度を検出する過熱温度 検出サーモである。In FIG. 1, reference numeral 1 denotes a cylindrical can body in which a large number of substantially vertical water pipes 4, 4 are connected in an annular shape between an annular upper header 2 and an annular lower header 3, and a burner 5 is provided. The combustion flame and the combustion gas from the inside are heated from the inside of the water pipes 4 and 4, and then flow through the gap between the adjacent water pipes 4 and 4, and then discharged from a combustion gas discharge port (not shown). As this can body, a well-known omega flow can body in which water pipe groups are arranged in a double annular shape may be used. 6 is a pump for supplying water into the can body 1, 7 is a steam pressure detector for detecting the steam pressure in the can body 1 as a steam load detecting means, and 8 is an overheat temperature detection thermometer for detecting the temperature of the upper end of the water pipe 4. Is.
【０００８】 ９は上部管寄せ２、下部管寄せ３間に蒸気取り出し管10、降水管11によって連 通接続したセパレータ、12は上部管寄せ２と下部管寄せ３との間に連通接続した 筒状水位制御器で、それぞれの検出端が順次高い水位制御器12内の所定水位を検 出するように第４、第１、第２水位検出電極Ｌ、Ｍ、Ｓを挿設し、缶体１内に冷 態起動時用の第３水位検出電極Ｄを挿設している。 第１水位検出電極Ｍ及び第２水位検出電極Ｓは後述のようにポンプ６をＯＮ（ 起動）−ＯＦＦ（停止）制御することで高燃焼時缶体内水位を所定の低い水位に 制御し、低燃焼時缶体１内水位を所定の高い水位に制御する。第４水位検出電極 Ｌは水無し検出によりポンプ６をＯＮすると共にバーナ５の燃焼をインターロッ ク状態に停止する。A separator 9 is connected between the upper header 2 and the lower header 3 by a vapor take-out pipe 10 and a downcomer 11, and 12 is a cylinder connected between the upper header 2 and the lower header 3. The fourth, first and second water level detection electrodes L, M and S are inserted so that each detection end detects a predetermined water level in the water level controller 12 whose detection ends are successively higher. A third water level detection electrode D for cold start-up is inserted in the inside of 1. The first water level detection electrode M and the second water level detection electrode S control the pump 6 to be ON (start) -OFF (stop) as described later to control the water level in the can during high combustion to a predetermined low water level, and During combustion, the water level inside the can body 1 is controlled to a predetermined high water level. The fourth water level detection electrode L turns on the pump 6 by detecting the absence of water and stops the combustion of the burner 5 in an interlocking state.
【０００９】 13は、マイクロコンピュータ等で構成される主制御器で、予め記憶された処理 手順に従い、操作器14、第１、第２、第３、第４水位検出電極Ｍ、Ｓ、Ｄ、Ｌ、 圧力検出器７、過熱温度検出サーモ８等からの信号を入力し、バーナ５の燃焼状 態を制御すると共に、ポンプ６を制御し缶体内水位制御を行う。Reference numeral 13 denotes a main controller composed of a microcomputer and the like, and the controller 14, the first, second, third, and fourth water level detection electrodes M, S, D, in accordance with a processing procedure stored in advance. The signals from L, the pressure detector 7, the overheat temperature detection thermo 8 and the like are input to control the combustion state of the burner 5 and the pump 6 to control the water level in the can.
【００１０】 この缶体１内水位制御には上記の第１水位検出電極Ｍと第２水位検出電極Ｓに よる燃焼負荷対応型のポンプ６のＯＮ−ＯＦＦ制御と次に説明する冷態時起動制 御を含む。To control the water level in the can body 1, ON-OFF control of the combustion load-corresponding pump 6 by the first water level detection electrode M and the second water level detection electrode S and the cold start described below. Including control.
【００１１】 低燃焼時は次のような制御を含む。即ち、圧力検出器７によって低負荷、例え ば蒸気圧が７ｋｇ／平方ｃｍ未満を検出の時には第１水位検出手段Ｍの水無し検 出によりポンプ６をＯＮすると共に第２水位検出手段Ｓの水有り検出によりポン プ６をＯＦＦし、高負荷を検出した時（例えば蒸気圧が７ｋｇ／平方ｃｍ以上） は第２水位検出手段Ｓの水無し検出から所定時間Ｔ１経過後にポンプ６をＯＮす ると共に同水位検出手段の水有り検出から所定時間Ｔ２経過後にポンプ６をＯＦ Ｆする。At the time of low combustion, the following controls are included. That is, when the pressure detector 7 detects a low load, for example, a vapor pressure of less than 7 kg / cm <2>, the pump 6 is turned on by the water-free detection of the first water level detection means M and the water of the second water level detection means S is detected. When the pump 6 is turned off by the presence detection and a high load is detected (for example, the vapor pressure is 7 kg / square cm or more), the pump 6 is turned on after a lapse of a predetermined time T1 from the water absence detection of the second water level detection means S. At the same time, the pump 6 is turned OFF after a predetermined time T2 has elapsed from the detection of the presence of water by the same water level detection means.
【００１２】 又、高燃焼時は次のような制御を含む。即ち、圧力検出器７によって上述の低 負荷を検出時に第１水位検出手段Ｍの水無し検出から所定時間Ｔ３経過後にポン プ６をＯＮすると共に水有り検出により前記ポンプ６をＯＦＦし、高燃焼の高負 荷時に前記第１水位検出手段Ｍの水無し検出によりポンプ６をＯＮすると共に同 水位検出手段の水有り検出から所定時間Ｔ４経過後にポンプ６をＯＦＦする。Further, during high combustion, the following control is included. That is, when the above-mentioned low load is detected by the pressure detector 7, the pump 6 is turned on after a lapse of a predetermined time T3 from the detection of the absence of water by the first water level detection means M, and the pump 6 is turned off by the detection of the presence of water, so that the high combustion is achieved. When the load is high, the pump 6 is turned on by the water level detection by the first water level detection means M, and the pump 6 is turned off after a lapse of a predetermined time T4 from the water level detection means by the water level detection means.
【００１３】 冷態時起動制御は、冷態起動時第３水位検出電極Ｄが作動され、第２水位検出 電極Ｓの水有り検出によってポンプ６をＯＦＦすることなく、第３水位検出電極 Ｄの水有り検出によってポンプ６をＯＦＦする制御を含む。これにより、第３水 位検出電極Ｄの検出端は冷態起動時の過熱限界水位の相当の水位に設定される。 尚、冷態（ｃｏｌｄ）起動時とは缶水が所定温度以下の冷たい状態での起動
（ 燃焼可能状態とする）時を意味し、実施例では前記過熱サーモ８によって缶水温 度を検出し、その温度が所定値以下の起動時をいう。In the cold start control, the third water level detection electrode D at the time of cold start is activated, and the third water level detection electrode D of the third water level detection electrode D is not turned off by detecting the presence of water in the second water level detection electrode S. The control includes turning off the pump 6 by detecting the presence of water. Thereby, the detection end of the third water level detection electrode D is set to a water level corresponding to the overheat limit water level at the time of cold start. It should be noted that the cold start time means the start time (making the combustible state) when the can water is cold below a predetermined temperature, and in the embodiment, the can water temperature is detected by the superheat thermostat 8. When the temperature is below a predetermined value, it means the time of startup.
【００１４】 以上の構成において、上記実施例の動作を説明する。 冷態起動時、即ち缶水温度が低い状態での燃焼開始時は第３水位検出手段Ｄに より缶体１内水位が引き上げられ冷態起動時の過熱防止がなされる。The operation of the above-described embodiment having the above configuration will be described. At the time of cold start, that is, at the time of starting combustion in a state where the can water temperature is low, the water level in the can body 1 is raised by the third water level detecting means D to prevent overheating at the time of cold start.
【００１５】 その後の運転時において、低燃焼時の蒸気圧力が低い低負荷時は電極ＭのＯＦ Ｆによりポンプ６がＯＮされ、電極ＳのＯＮによりポンプ６がＯＦＦされ、蒸気 圧力が高い高負荷時は電極ＳのＯＦＦから所定時間Ｔ１経過後にポンプ６がＯＮ され、電極ＳのＯＮからＴ２経過後にＯＦＦされる結果、高負荷時は低負荷時よ り高い水位に制御される。こうして、缶体１内水位は低燃焼と蒸気負荷の変化と に対応した適正水位に制御される。During subsequent operation, when the steam pressure during low combustion is low and the load is low, the pump 6 is turned on by the OF F of the electrode M, and the pump 6 is turned off by the turning on of the electrode S, so that the steam pressure is high and the load is high. In this case, the pump 6 is turned on after a lapse of a predetermined time T1 from the turning off of the electrode S, and is turned off after a lapse of T2 from the turning on of the electrode S. As a result, the water level is controlled to be higher than that under the low load during high load. In this way, the water level in the can body 1 is controlled to an appropriate water level corresponding to low combustion and changes in steam load.
【００１６】 高燃焼時の蒸気圧力が低い低負荷時は電極ＭのＯＦＦからＴ３経過の条件でポ ンプ６がＯＮされ、電極ＭのＯＮによりポンプ６がＯＦＦされ、蒸気圧力が高い 高負荷時は電極ＭのＯＦＦによりポンプ６がＯＮされ、電極ＭのＯＮからＴ４経 過の条件でＯＦＦされる結果、高負荷時は低負荷時より高い水位に制御される。 こうして、缶体１内水位は高燃焼と蒸気負荷の変化とに対応した適正水位に制御 される。When the steam pressure during high combustion is low and the load is low, the pump 6 is turned on when the electrode M is off and T3 has elapsed, and when the electrode M is turned on, the pump 6 is turned off. When the electrode M is turned off, the pump 6 is turned on, and when the electrode M is turned on and is turned off under the condition of T4, the water level is controlled to be higher during high load than under low load. In this way, the water level in the can body 1 is controlled to an appropriate water level corresponding to high combustion and changes in steam load.
【００１７】 尚、本考案は上記実施例に限定されるものではなく、角型缶体（図示しない） の蒸気ボイラにも適用可能である。又、水位検出手段としては上記実施例のよう に別個の水位検出電極Ｌ，Ｓ，Ｍ，Ｄとするのではなく、一体化された電極（図 示しない）であってもよい。蒸気負荷検出手段は缶体内蒸気圧を検出するものに 限定されるものではなく、操作器14等の蒸気圧設定手段からの信号を検出するも のであってもよい。The present invention is not limited to the above embodiment, but can be applied to a steam boiler having a rectangular can body (not shown). Further, the water level detecting means may not be separate water level detecting electrodes L, S, M and D as in the above embodiment, but may be integrated electrodes (not shown). The vapor load detection means is not limited to the one that detects the vapor pressure in the can, and may be a device that detects a signal from the vapor pressure setting means such as the operating device 14.
【００１８】[0018]
以上のように、この考案によれば、高燃焼の低負荷時に第１水位検出手段Ｍの 水無し検出から所定時間Ｔ３経過後にポンプ６をＯＮすると共に水有り検出によ りポンプ６をＯＦＦし、高燃焼の高負荷時に第１水位検出手段Ｍの水無し検出に よりポンプ６をＯＮすると共に同水位検出手段の水有り検出から所定時間Ｔ４経 過後に前記ポンプ６をＯＦＦし、低燃焼の低負荷時に第１水位検出手段Ｓの水無 し検出によりポンプ６をＯＮすると共に第２水位検出手段Ｓの水有り検出により ポンプ６をＯＦＦし、低燃焼の高負荷時第２水位検出手段Ｓの水無し検出から所 定時間Ｔ１経過後にポンプ６をＯＮすると共に同水位検出手段の水有り検出から 所定時間Ｔ２経過後にポンプ６をＯＦＦするようにしているので、２本の水位検 出手段Ｍ，Ｓで３段階の水位制御が行え、従来に比較して少ない電極数できめ細 かい燃焼負荷対応型の水位制御を行える等効果が大きい。 As described above, according to the present invention, at the time of high combustion and low load, the pump 6 is turned on after a lapse of a predetermined time T3 from the detection of the absence of water by the first water level detecting means M, and the pump 6 is turned off by the detection of the presence of water. At the time of high load of high combustion, the pump 6 is turned on by the water level detection of the first water level detection means M, and the pump 6 is turned off after a lapse of a predetermined time T4 from the detection of the water level of the water level detection means to turn off the low combustion level. When the load is low, the first water level detecting means S detects the absence of water to turn on the pump 6, and the second water level detecting means S detects the presence of water to turn off the pump 6, and the second combustion level detecting means S for low combustion and high load. Since the pump 6 is turned on after a lapse of a predetermined time T1 from the detection of the absence of water, and the pump 6 is turned off after a lapse of a predetermined time T2 from the detection of the presence of water by the water level detection means, the two water level detection means M , With S Performing water level control stage, a large etc. effect that allows a comparison to small number of electrodes in texture fine paddle combustion load corresponding type level control of the prior art.
【提出日】平成５年５月２６日[Submission date] May 26, 1993
【手続補正１】[Procedure Amendment 1]
【補正対象書類名】明細書[Document name to be amended] Statement
【補正対象項目名】全文[Correction target item name] Full text
【補正方法】変更[Correction method] Change
【０００１】[0001]
この考案は、貫流式小型ボイラ等のボイラの水位制御装置に関し、特に低燃焼 及び高燃焼対応型（熱負荷対応型）の水位制御装置に関するものである。 The present invention relates to a water level control device for a boiler such as a once-through small boiler, and more particularly to a water level control device for low combustion and high combustion (heat load compatible).
【０００２】[0002]
従来の小型貫流式ボイラの水位制御方式においては、缶体の水管の温度は管内 の水位、管内の蒸気圧及び水管を加熱する熱流束（燃焼量）の３つの要素によっ て左右されることが知られている。このため、蒸気圧と熱流束とを検出しこれに 応じて、管内水位を適正に制御することで水管の過熱を防止する技術が提案され ている（特開54-103905 号公報参照）。 In the conventional water level control system for small once-through boilers, the temperature of the water pipe in the can is influenced by three factors: the water level inside the pipe, the vapor pressure inside the pipe, and the heat flux (combustion amount) that heats the water pipe. It has been known. Therefore, there has been proposed a technique for preventing overheating of the water pipe by detecting the vapor pressure and the heat flux and appropriately controlling the water level in the pipe accordingly (see Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 54-103905).
【０００３】[0003]
しかしながら、上記の従来例は、３本の水位検出電極を用いて３段階の水位制 御を行うものであり、使用する電極数の割にきめ細かい多段階の水位制御を行う ことができないと共に装置のコストアップを招くという課題があった。 本考案は、こうした課題を解決することを目的としてなされたものである。 However, the above-mentioned conventional example uses three water level detection electrodes to perform water level control in three stages, and thus it is not possible to perform fine multi-stage water level control for the number of electrodes used, and the device There was a problem of increasing costs. The present invention has been made for the purpose of solving these problems.
【０００４】[0004]
この考案は、上部管寄せ２及び下部管寄せ３間に略垂直の多数の水管４を接続 した缶体１と、前記上部管寄せ２及び下部管寄せ３間に連通接続される水位制御 器12と、前記水管４を少なくとも高燃焼と低燃焼とに加熱するバーナ５と、前記 缶体１に水を供給するポンプ６とを備える蒸気ボイラにおいて、それぞれ前記水 位制御器12内の所定水位を検出するように設けられる第１水位検出手段Ｍと、こ の第１水位検出手段Ｍよりも高い所定の水位を検出する第２水位検出手段Ｓと、 蒸気負荷を検出する負荷検出手段７と、高燃焼の高負荷時に前記第１水位検出手 段Ｍの水無し検出から所定時間Ｔ３経過後に前記ポンプ６をＯＮすると共に水有 り検出により前記ポンプ６をＯＦＦし、高燃焼の低負荷時に前記第１水位検出手 段Ｍの水無し検出により前記ポンプ６をＯＮすると共に同水位検出手段Ｍの水有 り検出から所定時間Ｔ４経過後に前記ポンプ６をＯＦＦし、低燃焼の高負荷時に 前記第１水位検出手段Ｓの水無し検出により前記ポンプ６をＯＮすると共に第２ 水位検出手段Ｓの水有り検出により前記ポンプ６をＯＦＦし、低燃焼の低負荷時 第２水位検出手段Ｓの水無し検出から所定時間Ｔ１経過後に前記ポンプ６をＯＮ すると共に同水位検出手段Ｓの水有り検出から所定時間Ｔ２経過後に前記ポンプ ６をＯＦＦすることを特徴とするものである。In this invention, a can body 1 in which a large number of substantially vertical water pipes 4 are connected between an upper head 2 and a lower head 3 and a water level controller 12 connected in communication between the upper head 2 and the lower head 3 In a steam boiler including a burner 5 for heating the water pipe 4 to at least high combustion and low combustion, and a pump 6 for supplying water to the can body 1, the predetermined water level in the water level controller 12 is adjusted. First water level detecting means M provided so as to detect, second water level detecting means S for detecting a predetermined water level higher than the first water level detecting means M, load detecting means 7 for detecting a steam load, and OFF the pump 6 by the detection Ri water chromatic as well as oN the pump 6 from a high load without water of the first water level detection hand stage M when detected after a predetermined time T3 has elapsed high combustion, the at low load of high burn No water detection for first water level detection step M By turning on the pump 6 and turning off the pump 6 after a lapse of a predetermined time T4 from the detection of the presence of water by the water level detecting means M, the first water level detecting means S detects the absence of water at the time of low combustion and high load. When the pump 6 is turned on and the second water level detecting means S detects the presence of water, the pump 6 is turned off, and the pump 6 is turned on after a predetermined time T1 has elapsed from the detection of the absence of water by the second water level detecting means S when the load is low and the load is low. The pump 6 is turned on, and the pump 6 is turned off after a lapse of a predetermined time T2 from the detection of the presence of water by the same water level detecting means S.
【０００５】[0005]
この考案によれば、高燃焼時には負荷検出手段７により高負荷が検出されると 、ポンプ６は第１水位検出手段Ｍの水無し検出から所定時間Ｔ３経過後にＯＮさ れ、同水位検出手段Ｍの水有りによりポンプ６がＯＦＦされ、低負荷が検出され るとポンプ６は第１水位検出手段Ｍの水無し検出によりＯＮされ、同水位検出手 段Ｍの水有り検出から所定時間Ｔ４経過後にＯＦＦされる。低燃焼時には負荷検 出手段７により高負荷が検出されるとポンプ６は第１水位検出手段Ｓの水無し検 出によりＯＮされ、同水位検出手段Ｓの水有り検出によりＯＦＦされ、低負荷が 検出されるとポンプ６は第２水位検出手段Ｓの水無し検出から所定時間Ｔ１経過 後にＯＮされ、同水位検出手段Ｓの水有り検出から所定時間Ｔ２経過後にＯＦＦ される。According to this invention, when a high load is detected by the load detecting means 7 during high combustion, the pump 6 is turned on after a lapse of a predetermined time T3 from the detection of the absence of water by the first water level detecting means M, and the same water level detecting means M is detected. When there is water, the pump 6 is turned off, and when a low load is detected, the pump 6 is turned on by the water level detection means M, and after a lapse of a predetermined time T4 from the water level detection means M with water detection. It is turned off. When the load detection means 7 detects a high load during low combustion, the pump 6 is turned on by the first water level detection means S detecting no water, and turned off by the same water level detection means S detecting water present, and the low load is detected. When detected, the pump 6 is turned on after a lapse of a predetermined time T1 from the detection of the absence of water by the second water level detecting means S, and turned off after a lapse of a predetermined time T2 from the detection of the presence of water by the water level detecting means S.
【０００６】[0006]
以下、この考案の具体的な実施例を図面に基づいて詳細に説明する。図面に示 す実施例は一例として、多管式小型貫流ボイラについて図示したもので、図１は 、この考案の一実施例の概略を示す説明図である。 Hereinafter, a specific embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. The embodiment shown in the drawings shows a multi-tube small once-through boiler as an example, and FIG. 1 is an explanatory view showing the outline of an embodiment of the present invention.
【０００７】 図１において、１は、環状の上部管寄せ２及び環状の下部管寄せ３間に多数の 略垂直の水管４、４を円環状に連通接続した円筒状の缶体で、バーナ５からの燃 焼火炎及び燃焼ガスは水管４、４を内側から加熱した後、隣接する水管４、４間 の間隙を流通した後、図示しない燃焼ガス排出口から排出される。尚、この缶体 としては水管群を２重円環状に配列した周知のオメガフロー缶体等を用いても良 い。６は缶体１内への給水用ポンプ、７は蒸気負荷検出手段としての缶体１内の 蒸気圧を検出する蒸気圧力検出器、８は水管４上端部の温度を検出する過熱温度 検出サーモである。In FIG. 1, reference numeral 1 denotes a cylindrical can body in which a large number of substantially vertical water pipes 4, 4 are connected in an annular shape between an annular upper header 2 and an annular lower header 3, and a burner 5 is provided. The combustion flame and the combustion gas from the inside are heated from the inside of the water pipes 4 and 4, and then flow through the gap between the adjacent water pipes 4 and 4, and then discharged from a combustion gas discharge port (not shown). As this can body, a well-known omega flow can body in which water pipe groups are arranged in a double annular shape may be used. 6 is a pump for supplying water into the can body 1, 7 is a steam pressure detector for detecting the steam pressure in the can body 1 as a steam load detecting means, and 8 is an overheat temperature detection thermometer for detecting the temperature of the upper end of the water pipe 4. Is.
【０００８】 ９は上部管寄せ２、下部管寄せ３間に蒸気取り出し管10、降水管11によって連 通接続したセパレータ、12は上部管寄せ２と下部管寄せ３との間に連通接続した 筒状水位制御器で、それぞれの検出端が順次高い水位制御器12内の所定水位を検 出するように第４、第１、第２水位検出電極Ｌ、Ｍ、Ｓを挿設し、缶体１内に冷 態起動時用の第３水位検出電極Ｄを挿設している。 第１水位検出電極Ｍ及び第２水位検出電極Ｓは後述のようにポンプ６をＯＮ（ 起動）−ＯＦＦ（停止）制御することで高燃焼時缶体内水位を所定の低い水位に 制御し、低燃焼時缶体１内水位を所定の高い水位に制御する。第４水位検出電極 Ｌは水無し検出によりポンプ６をＯＮすると共にバーナ５の燃焼をインターロッ ク状態に停止する。A separator 9 is connected between the upper header 2 and the lower header 3 by a vapor take-out pipe 10 and a downcomer 11, and 12 is a cylinder connected between the upper header 2 and the lower header 3. The fourth, first and second water level detection electrodes L, M and S are inserted so that each detection end detects a predetermined water level in the water level controller 12 whose detection ends are successively higher. A third water level detection electrode D for cold start-up is inserted in the inside of 1. The first water level detection electrode M and the second water level detection electrode S control the pump 6 to be ON (start) -OFF (stop) as described later to control the water level in the can during high combustion to a predetermined low water level, and During combustion, the water level inside the can body 1 is controlled to a predetermined high water level. The fourth water level detection electrode L turns on the pump 6 by detecting the absence of water and stops the combustion of the burner 5 in an interlocking state.
【０００９】 13は、マイクロコンピュータ等で構成される主制御器で、予め記憶された処理 手順に従い、操作器14、第１、第２、第３、第４水位検出電極Ｍ、Ｓ、Ｄ、Ｌ、 圧力検出器７、過熱温度検出サーモ８等からの信号を入力し、バーナ５の燃焼状 態を制御すると共に、ポンプ６を制御し缶体内水位制御を行う。Reference numeral 13 denotes a main controller composed of a microcomputer and the like, and the controller 14, the first, second, third, and fourth water level detection electrodes M, S, D, in accordance with a processing procedure stored in advance. The signals from L, the pressure detector 7, the overheat temperature detection thermo 8 and the like are input to control the combustion state of the burner 5 and the pump 6 to control the water level in the can.
【００１０】 この缶体１内水位制御には上記の第１水位検出電極Ｍと第２水位検出電極Ｓに よる燃焼負荷対応型のポンプ６のＯＮ−ＯＦＦ制御と次に説明する冷態時起動制 御を含む。To control the water level in the can body 1, ON-OFF control of the combustion load-corresponding pump 6 by the first water level detection electrode M and the second water level detection electrode S and the cold start described below. Including control.
【００１１】 低燃焼時は次のような制御を含む。即ち、圧力検出器７によって高負荷、例え ば蒸気圧が７ｋｇ／平方ｃｍ未満を検出の時には第１水位検出手段Ｍの水無し検 出によりポンプ６をＯＮすると共に第２水位検出手段Ｓの水有り検出によりポン プ６をＯＦＦし、低負荷を検出した時（例えば蒸気圧が７ｋｇ／平方ｃｍ以上） は第２水位検出手段Ｓの水無し検出から所定時間Ｔ１経過後にポンプ６をＯＮす ると共に同水位検出手段の水有り検出から所定時間Ｔ２経過後にポンプ６をＯＦ Ｆする。At the time of low combustion, the following controls are included. That is, when a high load is detected by the pressure detector 7, for example, when the vapor pressure is less than 7 kg / square cm, the pump 6 is turned on by the water-free detection of the first water level detecting means M and the water of the second water level detecting means S is detected. When the pump 6 is turned off by the presence detection, and a low load is detected (for example, the vapor pressure is 7 kg / square cm or more), the pump 6 is turned on after a lapse of a predetermined time T1 from the detection of the absence of water by the second water level detection means S. At the same time, the pump 6 is turned OFF after a predetermined time T2 has elapsed from the detection of the presence of water by the same water level detection means.
【００１２】 又、高燃焼時は次のような制御を含む。即ち、圧力検出器７によって上述の高 負荷を検出時に第１水位検出手段Ｍの水無し検出から所定時間Ｔ３経過後にポン プ６をＯＮすると共に水有り検出により前記ポンプ６をＯＦＦし、高燃焼の低負 荷時に前記第１水位検出手段Ｍの水無し検出によりポンプ６をＯＮすると共に同 水位検出手段の水有り検出から所定時間Ｔ４経過後にポンプ６をＯＦＦする。Further, during high combustion, the following control is included. That is, when the above-mentioned high load is detected by the pressure detector 7, the pump 6 is turned on after a lapse of a predetermined time T3 from the detection of the absence of water by the first water level detection means M, and the pump 6 is turned off by the detection of the presence of water, so that high combustion is achieved. When the load is low , the pump 6 is turned on by the water level detection of the first water level detection means M, and the pump 6 is turned off after a lapse of a predetermined time T4 from the detection of the water level by the water level detection means.
【００１３】 冷態時起動制御は、冷態起動時第３水位検出電極Ｄが作動され、第２水位検出 電極Ｓの水有り検出によってポンプ６をＯＦＦすることなく、第３水位検出電極 Ｄの水有り検出によってポンプ６をＯＦＦする制御を含む。これにより、第３水 位検出電極Ｄの検出端は冷態起動時の過熱限界水位の相当の水位に設定される。 尚、冷態（ｃｏｌｄ）起動時とは缶水が所定温度以下の冷たい状態での起動
（ 燃焼可能状態とする）時を意味し、実施例では前記過熱サーモ８によって缶水温 度を検出し、その温度が所定値以下の起動時をいう。In the cold start control, the third water level detection electrode D at the time of cold start is activated, and the third water level detection electrode D of the third water level detection electrode D is not turned off by detecting the presence of water in the second water level detection electrode S. The control includes turning off the pump 6 by detecting the presence of water. Thereby, the detection end of the third water level detection electrode D is set to a water level corresponding to the overheat limit water level at the time of cold start. It should be noted that the cold start time means the start time (making the combustible state) when the can water is cold below a predetermined temperature, and in the embodiment, the can water temperature is detected by the superheat thermostat 8. When the temperature is below a predetermined value, it means the time of startup.
【００１４】 以上の構成において、上記実施例の動作を説明する。 冷態起動時、即ち缶水温度が低い状態での燃焼開始時は第３水位検出手段Ｄに より缶体１内水位が引き上げられ冷態起動時の過熱防止がなされる。The operation of the above-described embodiment having the above configuration will be described. At the time of cold start, that is, at the time of starting combustion in a state where the can water temperature is low, the water level in the can body 1 is raised by the third water level detecting means D to prevent overheating at the time of cold start.
【００１５】 その後の運転時において、低燃焼時の蒸気圧力が低い高負荷時は電極ＭのＯＦ Ｆによりポンプ６がＯＮされ、電極ＳのＯＮによりポンプ６がＯＦＦされ、蒸気 圧力が高い低負荷時は電極ＳのＯＦＦから所定時間Ｔ１経過後にポンプ６がＯＮ され、電極ＳのＯＮからＴ２経過後にＯＦＦされる結果、低負荷時は高負荷時よ り高い水位に制御される。こうして、缶体１内水位は低燃焼と蒸気負荷の変化と に対応した適正水位に制御される。During the subsequent operation, when the steam pressure during low combustion is low and the load is high , the pump 6 is turned on by the OF F of the electrode M, and the pump 6 is turned off by turning on the electrode S, so that the steam pressure is low and the load is high. In this case, the pump 6 is turned on after a lapse of a predetermined time T1 from the turning off of the electrode S, and is turned off after a lapse of T2 from the turning on of the electrode S. As a result, the water level is controlled to be higher than that under the high load during the low load. In this way, the water level in the can body 1 is controlled to an appropriate water level corresponding to low combustion and changes in steam load.
【００１６】 高燃焼時の蒸気圧力が低い高負荷時は電極ＭのＯＦＦからＴ３経過の条件でポ ンプ６がＯＮされ、電極ＭのＯＮによりポンプ６がＯＦＦされ、蒸気圧力が高い 低 負荷時は電極ＭのＯＦＦによりポンプ６がＯＮされ、電極ＭのＯＮからＴ４経 過の条件でＯＦＦされる結果、低負荷時は高負荷時より高い水位に制御される。 こうして、缶体１内水位は高燃焼と蒸気負荷の変化とに対応した適正水位に制御 される。Low steam pressure during high combustionHighAt the time of load, the pump 6 is turned on under the condition that T3 has elapsed from the turning off of the electrode M, the pump 6 is turned off by turning on the electrode M, and the steam pressure is high. Low At the time of load, the pump 6 is turned on by turning off the electrode M, and turned off under the condition of T4 after the turning on of the electrode M.LowWhen under loadHighThe water level is controlled to be higher than that under load. In this way, the water level in the can body 1 is controlled to an appropriate water level corresponding to high combustion and changes in steam load.
【００１７】 尚、本考案は上記実施例に限定されるものではなく、角型缶体（図示しない） の蒸気ボイラにも適用可能である。又、水位検出手段としては上記実施例のよう に別個の水位検出電極Ｌ，Ｓ，Ｍ，Ｄとするのではなく、一体化された電極（図 示しない）であってもよい。蒸気負荷検出手段は缶体内蒸気圧を検出するものに 限定されるものではなく、操作器14等の蒸気圧設定手段からの信号を検出するも のであってもよい。The present invention is not limited to the above embodiment, but can be applied to a steam boiler having a rectangular can body (not shown). Further, the water level detecting means may not be separate water level detecting electrodes L, S, M and D as in the above embodiment, but may be integrated electrodes (not shown). The vapor load detection means is not limited to the one that detects the vapor pressure in the can, and may be a device that detects a signal from the vapor pressure setting means such as the operating device 14.
【００１８】[0018]
以上のように、この考案によれば、高燃焼の高負荷時に第１水位検出手段Ｍの 水無し検出から所定時間Ｔ３経過後にポンプ６をＯＮすると共に水有り検出によ りポンプ６をＯＦＦし、高燃焼の低負荷時に第１水位検出手段Ｍの水無し検出に よりポンプ６をＯＮすると共に同水位検出手段Ｍの水有り検出から所定時間Ｔ４ 経過後に前記ポンプ６をＯＦＦし、低燃焼の高負荷時に第１水位検出手段Ｍの水 無し検出によりポンプ６をＯＮすると共に第２水位検出手段Ｓの水有り検出によ りポンプ６をＯＦＦし、低燃焼の低負荷時第２水位検出手段Ｓの水無し検出から 所定時間Ｔ１経過後にポンプ６をＯＮすると共に同水位検出手段Ｓの水有り検出 から所定時間Ｔ２経過後にポンプ６をＯＦＦするようにしているので、２本の水 位検出手段Ｍ，Ｓで３段階の水位制御が行え、従来に比較して少ない電極数でき め細かい燃焼負荷対応型の水位制御を行える等効果が大きい。As described above, according to the present invention, at the time of high combustion and high load, the pump 6 is turned on after a lapse of a predetermined time T3 from the detection of the absence of water by the first water level detection means M, and the pump 6 is turned off by the detection of the presence of water. At the time of high combustion and low load, the pump 6 is turned on by the water level detection of the first water level detection means M, and the pump 6 is turned off after a lapse of a predetermined time T4 from the detection of water presence by the water level detection means M , thereby OFF the pump 6 Ri by the water there detection of the second level detecting means S as well as oN the pump 6 by waterless detection of the first level detecting means M during high load, the low combustion low load the second level detecting means Since the pump 6 is turned on after a lapse of a predetermined time T1 from the detection of water in S and the pump 6 is turned off after a lapse of a predetermined time T2 from the detection of water with the same water level detection means S , two water level detection means are provided. M, In performing the level control of the three stages, a large etc. effect that allows the water level control of Me can the number of electrodes small compared fine combustion load corresponding type in the prior art.
【図１】この考案の一実施例の要部概略構成を示す説明
図である。FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram showing a schematic configuration of a main part of an embodiment of the present invention.
【図２】同実施例の全体概略構成を示す説明図である。FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram showing an overall schematic configuration of the same embodiment.
１ 缶体 ２ 上部管寄せ ３ 上部管寄せ ４ 水管 ５ バーナ ７ 蒸気圧力検出器（負荷検出手段） ６ 給水ポンプ 12 水位制御器 Ｍ 第１水位検出電極（水位検出手段） Ｓ 第２水位検出電極（水位検出手段） 1 can body 2 upper pipe head 3 upper pipe head 4 water pipe 5 burner 7 steam pressure detector (load detection means) 6 water supply pump 12 water level controller M first water level detection electrode (water level detection means) S second water level detection electrode ( Water level detection means)
─────────────────────────────────────────────────────
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【手続補正書】[Procedure amendment]
【提出日】平成５年５月２６日[Submission date] May 26, 1993
【手続補正１】[Procedure Amendment 1]
【補正対象書類名】明細書[Document name to be amended] Statement
【補正対象項目名】全文[Correction target item name] Full text
【補正方法】変更[Correction method] Change
【補正内容】[Correction content]
【書類名】 明細書[Document name] Statement
【考案の名称】 ボイラの水位制御装置[Title of device] Water level controller for boiler
【実用新案登録請求の範囲】[Scope of utility model registration request]
【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief description of drawings]
【図１】この考案の一実施例の動作説明図である。FIG. 1 is an operation explanatory diagram of an embodiment of the present invention.
【図２】同実施例の全体概略構成を示す説明図である。FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram showing an overall schematic configuration of the same embodiment.
【符号の説明】 １ 缶体 ２ 上部管寄せ ３ 上部管寄せ ４ 水管 ５ バーナ ７ 蒸気圧力検出器（負荷検出手段） ６ 給水ポンプ 12 水位制御器 Ｍ 第１水位検出電極（水位検出手段） Ｓ 第２水位検出電極（水位検出手段）[Explanation of reference symbols] 1 can body 2 upper heading head 3 upper heading head 4 water tube 5 burner 7 steam pressure detector (load detecting means) 6 water supply pump 12 water level controller M first water level detecting electrode (water level detecting means) S No. 2 Water level detection electrode (water level detection means)
Claims (1)
直の多数の水管４を接続した缶体１と、前記上部管寄せ
２及び下部管寄せ３間に連通接続される水位制御器12
と、前記水管４を少なくとも高燃焼と低燃焼とに加熱す
るバーナ５と、前記缶体１に水を供給するポンプ６とを
備える蒸気ボイラにおいて、それぞれ前記水位制御器12
内の所定水位を検出するように設けられる第１水位検出
手段Ｍと、この第１水位検出手段Ｍよりも高い所定の水
位を検出する第２水位検出手段Ｓと、蒸気負荷を検出す
る負荷検出手段７と、高燃焼の低負荷時に前記第１水位
検出手段Ｍの水無し検出から所定時間Ｔ３経過後に前記
ポンプ６をＯＮすると共に水有り検出により前記ポンプ
６をＯＦＦし、高燃焼の高負荷時に前記第１水位検出手
段Ｍの水無し検出により前記ポンプ６をＯＮすると共に
同水位検出手段の水有り検出から所定時間Ｔ４経過後に
前記ポンプ６をＯＦＦし、低燃焼の低負荷時に前記第１
水位検出手段Ｓの水無し検出により前記ポンプ６をＯＮ
すると共に第２水位検出手段Ｓの水有り検出により前記
ポンプ６をＯＦＦし、低燃焼の高負荷時第２水位検出手
段Ｓの水無し検出から所定時間Ｔ１経過後に前記ポンプ
６をＯＮすると共に同水位検出手段の水有り検出から所
定時間Ｔ２経過後に前記ポンプ６をＯＦＦすることを特
徴とするボイラの水位制御装置。1. A can body (1) in which a large number of substantially vertical water pipes (4) are connected between an upper head (2) and a lower head (3), and a water level controller connected in communication between the upper head (2) and the lower head (3). 12
And a burner 5 for heating the water pipe 4 to at least high combustion and low combustion, and a pump 6 for supplying water to the can body 1, in the steam level controller 12 respectively.
A first water level detecting means M provided to detect a predetermined water level in the interior, a second water level detecting means S detecting a predetermined water level higher than the first water level detecting means M, and a load detection detecting a steam load. Means 7 and when the high water load is high, the pump 6 is turned on after a lapse of a predetermined time T3 from the water level detection means M detecting the absence of water, and the water flow detection is performed to turn off the pump 6; At the same time, the pump 6 is turned on when the first water level detecting means M detects the absence of water, and the pump 6 is turned off after a lapse of a predetermined time T4 from the detection of the presence of water by the same water level detecting means.
When the water level detecting means S detects the absence of water, the pump 6 is turned on.
At the same time, the pump 6 is turned off by the water presence detection of the second water level detection means S, and the pump 6 is turned on after a lapse of a predetermined time T1 from the water absence detection of the low combustion and high load second water level detection means S. A water level control device for a boiler, characterized in that the pump 6 is turned off after a lapse of a predetermined time T2 from the detection of the presence of water by the water level detection means.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP8585692U JP2554497Y2 (en) | 1992-11-18 | 1992-11-18 | Boiler water level control device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP8585692U JP2554497Y2 (en) | 1992-11-18 | 1992-11-18 | Boiler water level control device |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH0674805U true JPH0674805U (en) | 1994-10-21 |
| JP2554497Y2 JP2554497Y2 (en) | 1997-11-17 |
Family
ID=13870523
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP8585692U Expired - Lifetime JP2554497Y2 (en) | 1992-11-18 | 1992-11-18 | Boiler water level control device |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP2554497Y2 (en) |
-
1992
- 1992-11-18 JP JP8585692U patent/JP2554497Y2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP2554497Y2 (en) | 1997-11-17 |
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