JPH0674804U - Boiler water level controller - Google Patents
Boiler water level controllerInfo
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- JPH0674804U JPH0674804U JP8585592U JP8585592U JPH0674804U JP H0674804 U JPH0674804 U JP H0674804U JP 8585592 U JP8585592 U JP 8585592U JP 8585592 U JP8585592 U JP 8585592U JP H0674804 U JPH0674804 U JP H0674804U
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Abstract
(57)【要約】
【目的】 燃焼負荷対応型のボイラの水位制御装置にお
いて、少ない水位制御電極数できめ細かい多段階の水位
制御を行うと共に装置のコスト低減を図る。
【構成】 高燃焼時蒸気負荷検出手段７による低負荷検
出時に高燃焼水位制御用電極Ｍによるポンプ６のＯＮの
タイミング設定時間Ｔ３を高負荷検出時よりも減少させ
るか及び／又はポンプ６のＯＦＦのタイミング設定時間
Ｔ４を増加させ、低燃焼時蒸気負荷検出手段７による低
負荷検出時に低燃焼水位制御用電極Ｓによるポンプ６の
ＯＮのタイミング設定時間Ｔ１を高負荷検出時よりも減
少させるか及び／又はポンプ６のＯＦＦのタイミング設
定時間Ｔ２を増加させる。
(57) [Abstract] [Purpose] In a boiler water level control device for combustion load, it is possible to perform fine multi-step water level control with a small number of water level control electrodes and reduce the cost of the device. [Structure] When the low load is detected by the steam load detecting means during high combustion 7, the ON timing setting time T3 of the pump 6 by the high combustion water level control electrode M is made shorter than that at the time of high load detection and / or the pump 6 is turned off. Whether the timing setting time T4 of turning on the pump 6 by the low-combustion water level control electrode S is decreased when the low-combustion steam load detection means 7 detects a low load, compared with the time when a high load is detected. And / or increase the OFF timing setting time T2 of the pump 6.
Description
【０００１】[0001]
この考案は、貫流式小型ボイラ等のボイラの水位制御装置に関し、特に低燃焼 及び高燃焼対応型（熱負荷対応型）の水位制御装置に関するものである。 The present invention relates to a water level control device for a boiler such as a once-through small boiler, and more particularly to a water level control device for low combustion and high combustion (heat load compatible).
【０００２】[0002]
従来の小型貫流式ボイラの水位制御方式においては、缶体の水管の温度は管内 の水位、管内の蒸気圧及び水管を加熱する熱流束（燃焼量）の３つの要素によっ て左右されることが知られている。このため、蒸気圧と熱流束とを検出しこれに 応じて、管内水位を適正に制御することで水管の過熱を防止する技術が提案され ている（特開54-103905 号公報参照）。 In the conventional water level control system for small once-through boilers, the temperature of the water pipe in the can is influenced by three factors: the water level inside the pipe, the vapor pressure inside the pipe, and the heat flux (combustion amount) that heats the water pipe. It has been known. Therefore, there has been proposed a technique for preventing overheating of the water pipe by detecting the vapor pressure and the heat flux and appropriately controlling the water level in the pipe accordingly (see Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 54-103905).
【０００３】[0003]
しかしながら、上記の従来例は、３本の水位検出電極を用いて３段階の水位制 御を行うものであり、使用する電極数の割にきめ細かい多段階の水位制御を行う ことができないと共に装置のコストアップを招くという課題があった。 本考案は、こうした課題を解決することを目的としてなされたものである。 However, the above-mentioned conventional example uses three water level detection electrodes to perform water level control in three stages, and thus it is not possible to perform fine multi-stage water level control for the number of electrodes used, and the device There was a problem of increasing costs. The present invention has been made for the purpose of solving these problems.
【０００４】[0004]
この考案は、上部管寄せ２及び下部管寄せ３間に略垂直の多数の水管４を接続 した缶体１と、前記上部管寄せ２及び下部管寄せ３間に連通接続される水位制御 器12と、前記水管４を少なくとも高燃焼と低燃焼とに加熱するバーナ５と、前記 缶体１に水を供給するポンプ６とを備える蒸気ボイラにおいて、それぞれ前記水 位制御器12内の所定水位を検出するように設けられる第１水位検出手段Ｍと、こ の第１水位検出手段Ｍよりも高い所定の水位を検出する第２水位検出手段Ｓと、 蒸気負荷を検出する負荷検出手段７と、高燃焼時に前記第１水位検出手段Ｍの水 無し検出から所定時間Ｔ３経過後に前記ポンプ６をＯＮすると共に水有り検出か ら所定時間Ｔ４経過後に前記ポンプ６をＯＦＦし、低燃焼時に前記第２水位検出 手段Ｓの水無し検出から所定時間Ｔ１経過後に前記ポンプ６をＯＮすると共に水 有り検出から所定時間Ｔ２経過後に前記ポンプ６をＯＦＦし、高燃焼時の前記負 荷検出手段７による低負荷検出時に前記所定時間Ｔ３を高負荷検出時よりも減少 させるか及び／又は前記所定時間Ｔ４を増加させ、低燃焼時の前記負荷検出手段 ７による低負荷検出時に前記所定時間Ｔ１を高負荷検出時よりも減少させるか及 び／又は前記所定時間Ｔ２を増加させる水位制御手段とを具備することを特徴と するものである。 In this invention, a can body 1 in which a large number of substantially vertical water pipes 4 are connected between an upper head 2 and a lower head 3 and a water level controller 12 connected in communication between the upper head 2 and the lower head 3 In a steam boiler including a burner 5 for heating the water pipe 4 to at least high combustion and low combustion, and a pump 6 for supplying water to the can body 1, the predetermined water level in the water level controller 12 is adjusted. First water level detecting means M provided so as to detect, second water level detecting means S for detecting a predetermined water level higher than the first water level detecting means M, load detecting means 7 for detecting a steam load, During high combustion, the pump 6 is turned on after a lapse of a predetermined time T3 from the detection of no water by the first water level detecting means M, and turned off after a lapse of a predetermined time T4 from the detection of water, and the second pump is operated during a low combustion. Water level detection Waterless detection by means S The pump 6 is turned on after a lapse of a predetermined time T1 from the discharge, and turned off after a lapse of a predetermined time T2 from the presence of water, and the predetermined time T3 is set when the low load is detected by the load detection means 7 during high combustion. Whether the predetermined time T1 is decreased from that at the time of high load detection and / or the predetermined time T4 is increased, and the predetermined time T1 is decreased from that at the time of low load detection by the load detection means 7 during low combustion, and And / or water level control means for increasing the predetermined time T2.
この考案によれば、高燃焼時に負荷検出手段７により低負荷が検出されると、 所定時間Ｔ１が高負荷検出時よりも減少させられ、第１水位検出手段Ｍの水無し 検出からポンプ６のＯＮまでの時間が減少して水位が高負荷時より高めに制御さ れる。又は、前記所定時間Ｔ２が増加させられることで、第１水位検出手段Ｍの 水有り検出からポンプ６のＯＦＦまでの時間が増加して水位が高めに制御される 。又、低燃焼時に前記負荷検出手段７により低負荷が検出されると、第２水位検 出手段Ｓの水無し検出からポンプ６のＯＮまでの時間Ｔ３が減少して水位が高負 荷時より高めに制御される。又は、前記所定時間Ｔ４が増加させられることで、 第２水位検出手段Ｓの水あり検出からポンプ６のＯＦＦまでの時間が増加して水 位が高めに制御される。 According to this invention, when the low load is detected by the load detecting means 7 during the high combustion, the predetermined time T1 is reduced as compared with the time when the high load is detected. The time to turn on is reduced and the water level is controlled to be higher than under high load. Alternatively, by increasing the predetermined time T2, the time from the detection of the presence of water by the first water level detecting means M to the turning off of the pump 6 increases and the water level is controlled to be higher. Further, when a low load is detected by the load detecting means 7 during low combustion, the time T3 from the detection of no water in the second water level detecting means S to the turning on of the pump 6 is reduced, and the water level is higher than when the load is high. Highly controlled. Alternatively, by increasing the predetermined time T4, the time from the detection of the presence of water by the second water level detecting means S to the turning off of the pump 6 increases, and the water level is controlled to be higher.
【０００６】[0006]
以下、この考案の具体的な実施例を図面に基づいて詳細に説明する。図面に示 す実施例は一例として、小型貫流式の蒸気ボイラについて図示したもので、図１ は、この考案の一実施例の概略を示す説明図である。 Hereinafter, a specific embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. The embodiment shown in the drawings shows a small once-through steam boiler as an example, and FIG. 1 is an explanatory view showing the outline of an embodiment of the present invention.
【０００７】 図１において、１は、環状の上部管寄せ２及び環状の下部管寄せ３間に多数の 略垂直の水管４、４を円環状に連通接続した円筒状の缶体で、バーナ５からの燃 焼火炎及び燃焼ガスは水管４、４を内側から加熱した後、隣接する水管４、４間 の間隙を流通した後、図示しない燃焼ガス排出口から排出される。尚、この缶体 としては水管群を２重円環状に配列した周知のオメガフロー缶体を用いても良い 。６は缶体１内への給水用ポンプ、７は蒸気負荷検出手段としての缶体１内の蒸 気圧を検出する蒸気圧力検出器、８は水管４上端部の温度を検出する過熱温度検 出サーモである。In FIG. 1, reference numeral 1 denotes a cylindrical can body in which a large number of substantially vertical water pipes 4, 4 are connected in an annular shape between an annular upper header 2 and an annular lower header 3, and a burner 5 is provided. The combustion flame and the combustion gas from the inside are heated from the inside of the water pipes 4 and 4, and then flow through the gap between the adjacent water pipes 4 and 4, and then discharged from a combustion gas discharge port (not shown). As this can body, a well-known omega flow can body in which a water pipe group is arranged in a double annular shape may be used. 6 is a pump for supplying water into the can body 1, 7 is a steam pressure detector for detecting steam pressure in the can body 1 as steam load detecting means, and 8 is overheat temperature detection for detecting the temperature of the upper end of the water pipe 4. It is a thermo.
【０００８】 ９は上部管寄せ２、下部管寄せ３間に蒸気取り出し管10、降水管11によって連 通接続したセパレータ、12は上部管寄せ２と下部管寄せ３との間に連通接続した 筒状水位制御器で、それぞれの検出端が順次高い水位制御器12内の所定水位を検 出するように第４、第１、第２、第３水位検出電極Ｌ、Ｍ、Ｓ、Ｄを挿設してい る。 第１水位検出電極Ｍは検出水位に基づいてポンプ６をＯＮ（起動）−ＯＦＦ（ 停止）制御することで高燃焼時缶体内水位を所定の低い水位に制御し、第２水位 検出電極Ｓは検出水位に基づいてポンプ６をＯＮ−ＯＦＦ制御することで低燃焼 時缶体１内水位を所定の高い水位に制御する。第４水位検出電極Ｌは水無し検出 によりバーナ５の燃焼をインターロック状態に停止する。A separator 9 is connected between the upper header 2 and the lower header 3 by a vapor take-out pipe 10 and a downcomer 11, and 12 is a cylinder connected between the upper header 2 and the lower header 3. The 4th, 1st, 2nd and 3rd water level detection electrodes L, M, S and D are inserted so that each detection end detects a predetermined water level in the water level controller 12 whose detection ends are successively higher. It is set up. The first water level detection electrode M controls the pump 6 ON (start) -OFF (stop) based on the detected water level to control the water level in the can during high combustion to a predetermined low water level, and the second water level detection electrode S By controlling the pump 6 to be turned on and off based on the detected water level, the water level inside the can body 1 during low combustion is controlled to a predetermined high water level. The fourth water level detection electrode L stops the combustion of the burner 5 in an interlock state by detecting the absence of water.
【０００９】 13は、マイクロコンピュータ等で構成される主制御器で、予め記憶された処理 手順に従い、操作器14、第１、第２、第３、第４水位検出電極Ｍ、Ｓ、Ｄ、Ｌ、 圧力検出器７、過熱温度検出サーモ８等からの信号を入力し、バーナ５の燃焼状 態を制御すると共に、ポンプ６を制御し缶体内水位制御を行う。Reference numeral 13 denotes a main controller composed of a microcomputer and the like, and the controller 14, the first, second, third, and fourth water level detection electrodes M, S, D, in accordance with a processing procedure stored in advance. The signals from L, the pressure detector 7, the overheat temperature detection thermo 8 and the like are input to control the combustion state of the burner 5 and the pump 6 to control the water level in the can.
【００１０】 この缶体１内水位制御には上記の第１水位検出電極Ｍと第２水位検出電極Ｓに よる燃焼負荷対応型のポンプ６のＯＮ−ＯＦＦ制御と次に説明する冷態時起動制 御と第１、第２水位検出電極Ｍ、Ｓのバックアップ制御を含む。 燃焼負荷対応型のポンプ制御は低燃焼時は電極Ｓを中心とした、即ち電極Ｓの 水検出に基づいたタイミング制御を、高燃焼時は電極Ｍを中心とした、即ち電極 Ｍの水検出に基づいたタイミング制御を含む。To control the water level in the can body 1, ON-OFF control of the combustion load-corresponding pump 6 by the first water level detection electrode M and the second water level detection electrode S and the cold start described below. Control and backup control of the first and second water level detection electrodes M and S are included. The pump control corresponding to the combustion load is based on the electrode S when the combustion is low, that is, the timing control based on the water detection of the electrode S, and when the combustion is high, the timing control is based on the electrode M, that is, the water detection of the electrode M. Based timing control.
【００１１】 更に、具体的には例えば低燃焼のポンプ６のＯＮ条件は電極ＳのＯＦＦ（水無 し検出）からＴ１経過という条件であり、低燃焼時のＯＦＦ条件は電極ＳのＯＮ （水有り検出）からＴ２経過という条件である。そして、圧力検出器７によって 低負荷、例えば蒸気圧が７ｋｇ／平方ｃｍ未満を検出の時には高負荷時（例えば 蒸気圧が７ｋｇ／平方ｃｍ以上）よりもＴ１を減少させるか、Ｔ２を増加させる か、その両方を行うかにより、高負荷時の制御水位帯を上昇させる。一実施例と しては、低負荷時Ｔ１を所定値Ｔ１０とし、Ｔ２＝０とし、高負荷時Ｔ１＝０と し、Ｔ２を所定値Ｔ２０とするが、これに限定されるものではなく、増減値は任 意に設定可能である。この場合、第２水位検出電極Ｓの水位検出端は低燃焼−高 負荷時の過熱限界水位（これ以上水位が低下すると水管の過熱を生ずる水位）に 相当する水位となる。[0011] More specifically, for example, the ON condition of the low combustion pump 6 is a condition that T1 elapses from the OFF of the electrode S (detection of no water), and the OFF condition of low combustion is the ON condition of the electrode S (water). The condition is that T2 has elapsed from the presence detection). Then, when the pressure detector 7 detects a low load, for example, a vapor pressure of less than 7 kg / square cm, T1 should be decreased or T2 should be increased compared to when the load is high (for example, the vapor pressure is 7 kg / square cm or more). Depending on whether or not to do both, raise the control water level zone at high load. As one embodiment, the low load T1 is set to a predetermined value T10, T2 = 0, the high load T1 = 0 is set, and T2 is set to a predetermined value T20. However, the present invention is not limited to this. The increase / decrease value can be set arbitrarily. In this case, the water level detection end of the second water level detection electrode S becomes a water level corresponding to the superheat limit water level at low combustion-high load (a water level that causes overheating of the water pipe when the water level further drops).
【００１２】 又、高燃焼の給水ポンプ６のＯＮ条件は電極ＭのＯＦＦからＴ３経過という条 件であり、高燃焼時のＯＦＦ条件は電極ＭのＯＮからＴ４経過という条件である 。そして、圧力検出器７によって低負荷、例えば蒸気圧が７ｋｇ／平方ｃｍ未満 を検出の時には高負荷時（例えば蒸気圧が７ｋｇ／平方ｃｍ以上）よりもＴ３を 減少させるか、Ｔ４を増加させるか、その両方を行うかにより、高負荷時の制御 水位帯を上昇させる。一実施例としては、低負荷時Ｔ３を所定値Ｔ３０とし、Ｔ ４＝０とし、高負荷時Ｔ３＝０とし、Ｔ４を所定値Ｔ４０とするが、これに限定 されるものではなく、増減値は任意に設定可能である。この場合、第１水位検出 電極Ｍの水位検出端は高燃焼−低負荷時の乾き度熱限界水位（これ以上水位が上 昇すると必要な蒸気の乾き度を得られない水位）に相当する水位となる。そして 、第４水位検出電極Ｌの水位検出端は高燃焼−低負荷時の過熱限界水位に相当の 水位に設定される。Further, the ON condition of the feed pump 6 for high combustion is a condition that T3 has passed since the OFF state of the electrode M, and the OFF condition during high combustion is a condition that T4 has passed since the ON state of the electrode M. When the pressure detector 7 detects a low load, for example, a vapor pressure of less than 7 kg / square cm, T3 should be decreased or T4 should be increased compared to when the load is high (for example, the vapor pressure is 7 kg / square cm or more). Depending on whether or not to do both, raise the control water level zone under high load. As one example, the low load T3 is set to a predetermined value T30, T4 = 0, the high load T3 = 0, and T4 is set to a predetermined value T40, but the present invention is not limited to this, and the increase / decrease value is not limited to this. Can be set arbitrarily. In this case, the water level detection end of the first water level detection electrode M corresponds to the dryness thermal limit water level at high combustion-low load (the water level at which the required dryness of steam cannot be obtained if the water level rises higher). Becomes Then, the water level detection end of the fourth water level detection electrode L is set to a water level corresponding to the superheat limit water level during high combustion-low load.
【００１３】 冷態時起動制御は、冷態起動時第３水位検出電極Ｄが作動され、第２水位検出 電極Ｓの水有り検出によってポンプ６をＯＦＦすることなく、第３水位検出電極 Ｄの水有り検出によってポンプ６をＯＦＦする制御を含む。これにより、第３水 位検出電極Ｄの検出端は冷態起動時の過熱限界水位の相当の水位に設定される。 尚、冷態（ｃｏｌｄ）起動時とは缶水が所定温度以下の冷たい状態での起動
（ 燃焼可能状態とする）時を意味し、実施例では前記過熱サーモ８によって缶水温 度を検出し、その温度が所定値以下の起動時をいう。In the cold start control, the third water level detection electrode D at the time of cold start is activated, and the third water level detection electrode D of the third water level detection electrode D is not turned off by detecting the presence of water in the second water level detection electrode S. The control includes turning off the pump 6 by detecting the presence of water. Thereby, the detection end of the third water level detection electrode D is set to a water level corresponding to the overheat limit water level at the time of cold start. It should be noted that the cold start time means the start time (making the combustible state) when the can water is cold below a predetermined temperature, and in the embodiment, the can water temperature is detected by the superheat thermostat 8. When the temperature is below a predetermined value, it means the time of startup.
【００１４】 バックアップ制御は、第１水位検出電極Ｍ不良時の第２水位検出電極Ｓによる バックアップ制御と、第２水位検出電極Ｓ不良時の第３水位検出電極Ｄによるバ ックアップ制御を含む。The backup control includes backup control by the second water level detection electrode S when the first water level detection electrode M is defective, and backup control by the third water level detection electrode D when the second water level detection electrode S is defective.
【００１５】 前者のバックアップ制御は、第１水位検出電極Ｍの不良を判定する手段により 不良と判定した時は第２水位検出電極Ｓによるタイミング制御、例えば水位検出 電極Ｓの水有り検出によりポンプ６をＯＦＦし、第２水位検出電極Ｓの水無し検 出から所定時間経過後にポンプ６をＯＮする制御を含む。第１水位検出電極Ｍの 不良を判定する手段としては、第１水位検出電極Ｍの水有り検出状態で第４水位 検出電極Ｌが水有り検出から水無し検出へ変化したとき第１水位検出電極Ｍを不 良と判定する手段を用いるが、これに限らず第２水位検出電極Ｓの水無し検出か ら所定時間後に第１水位検出電極Ｍが水無しを検出しない場合に不良と判定する 手段、又は第２水位検出電極Ｓの水無し検出後、第１水位検出電極Ｍの水無し検 出を経ることなく第４水位検出電極Ｌが水無しを検出した場合不良と判定する手 段であってもよい。In the former backup control, when it is determined that the first water level detection electrode M is defective by the means for determining the defect, the second water level detection electrode S performs timing control, for example, the water level detection electrode S detects the presence of water in the pump 6 The control includes turning OFF the pump 6 and turning ON the pump 6 after a lapse of a predetermined time from the detection of the absence of water in the second water level detecting electrode S. As means for determining the defect of the first water level detection electrode M, the first water level detection electrode is used when the fourth water level detection electrode L changes from the water presence detection to the water absence detection in the water presence detection state of the first water level detection electrode M. Means for judging M as bad is used, but not limited to this, means for judging as bad if the first water level detecting electrode M does not detect no water after a predetermined time from the detection of no water by the second water level detecting electrode S Alternatively, if the fourth water level detecting electrode L detects that there is no water after the second water level detecting electrode S has detected no water, the first water level detecting electrode M is not defective. May be.
【００１６】 後者のバックアップ制御は、第２水位検出電極Ｓの不良を判定する手段により 不良と判定した時は第３水位検出電極Ｄによるタイミング制御、即ち、第３水位 検出電極Ｄの水有り検出によりポンプ６をＯＦＦし、第３水位検出電極Ｄの水無 し検出から所定時間経過後にポンプ６をＯＮする制御を含む。 第２水位検出電極Ｓの不良を判定する手段は、第２水位検出電極Ｓの水有り検 出状態で第１水位検出電極Ｍが水有り検出から水無し検出へ変化したとき第２水 位検出電極Ｓを不良と判定する手段を用いるが、これに限らず第１水位検出電極 Ｍの水有り検出から所定時間後に第２水位検出電極Ｓが水有りを検出しない場合 に不良と判定する手段、又は第１水位検出電極Ｍの水有り検出後、第２水位検出 電極Ｓの水有り検出を経ることなく第３水位検出電極Ｄが水有りを検出した場合 不良と判定する手段を用いても良い。The latter backup control is the timing control by the third water level detection electrode D when the defectiveness of the second water level detection electrode S is determined to be defective, that is, the presence of water in the third water level detection electrode D is detected. Therefore, the control includes turning off the pump 6 and turning on the pump 6 after a lapse of a predetermined time from the detection of the absence of water on the third water level detection electrode D. The means for determining the defect of the second water level detection electrode S is the second water level detection when the first water level detection electrode M changes from the water presence detection to the water absence detection in the water presence detection state of the second water level detection electrode S. The means for determining the electrode S as defective is used, but not limited to this, a means for determining as defective if the second water level detecting electrode S does not detect the presence of water after a predetermined time has passed from the detection of water by the first water level detecting electrode M, Alternatively, after detecting the presence of water in the first water level detection electrode M, if the third water level detection electrode D detects the presence of water without passing through the detection of water presence in the second water level detection electrode S, a means for determining failure may be used. .
【００１７】 以上の構成において、上記実施例の動作を説明する。 冷態起動時、即ち缶水温度が低い状態での燃焼開始時は第３水位検出手段Ｄに より缶体１内水位が引き上げられ冷態起動時の過熱防止がなされる。The operation of the above-described embodiment having the above configuration will be described. At the time of cold start, that is, at the time of starting combustion in a state where the can water temperature is low, the water level in the can body 1 is raised by the third water level detecting means D to prevent overheating at the time of cold start.
【００１８】 その後の運転時において、低燃焼時の蒸気圧力が低い低負荷時は電極ＳのＯＦ ＦからＴ１０経過の条件でポンプ６がＯＮされ、電極ＳのＯＮによりポンプ６が ＯＦＦされ、蒸気圧力が高い高負荷時は電極ＳのＯＦＦによりポンプ６がＯＮさ れ、電極ＳのＯＮからＴ２０経過の条件でＯＦＦされる結果、高負荷時は低負荷 時より高い水位に制御される。こうして、缶体１内水位は低燃焼と蒸気負荷の変 化とに対応した適正水位に制御される。何らかの原因で、電極Ｓが異常が判定さ れると、電極Ｄによってポンプ６がＯＮ−ＯＦＦ制御される。こうして、低燃焼 用の電極Ｓは電極Ｄによってバックアップされる。During the subsequent operation, when the steam pressure during low combustion is low and the load is low, the pump 6 is turned on under the condition of T10 from OFF of the electrode S, and the pump 6 is turned off when the electrode S is turned on. When the pressure is high and the load is high, the pump 6 is turned on by turning off the electrode S, and is turned off when T20 has elapsed since the electrode S was turned on. As a result, the water level is controlled to be higher than that under low load during high load. In this way, the water level in the can body 1 is controlled to an appropriate water level corresponding to low combustion and changes in steam load. If the electrode S is determined to be abnormal for some reason, the electrode D controls the pump 6 to be turned on and off. Thus, the electrode S for low combustion is backed up by the electrode D.
【００１９】 高燃焼時の蒸気圧力が低い低負荷時は電極ＭのＯＦＦからＴ３０経過の条件で ポンプ６がＯＮされ、電極ＭのＯＮによりポンプ６がＯＦＦされ、蒸気圧力が高 い高負荷時は電極ＭのＯＦＦによりポンプ６がＯＮされ、電極ＭのＯＮからＴ４ ０経過の条件でＯＦＦされる結果、高負荷時は低負荷時より高い水位に制御され る。こうして、缶体１内水位は高燃焼と蒸気負荷の変化とに対応した適正水位に 制御される。何らかの原因で、電極Ｍが異常が判定されると、電極Ｓによってポ ンプ６がＯＮ−ＯＦＦ制御される。こうして、高燃焼用の電極Ｍは電極Ｓによっ てバックアップされる。When the steam pressure during high combustion is low and the load is low, the pump 6 is turned on under the condition of T30 from when the electrode M is turned off, and when the electrode M is turned on, the pump 6 is turned off, and when the steam pressure is high and the load is high. The pump 6 is turned on when the electrode M is turned off, and is turned off when T40 has elapsed since the electrode M was turned on. As a result, the water level is controlled to be higher during high load than under low load. In this way, the water level in the can body 1 is controlled to an appropriate water level corresponding to high combustion and changes in steam load. When the electrode M is determined to be abnormal for some reason, the electrode S controls ON / OFF of the pump 6. Thus, the electrode M for high combustion is backed up by the electrode S.
【００２０】 尚、本考案は上記実施例に限定されるものではなく、角型缶体（図示しない） の蒸気ボイラにも適用可能である。又、上記実施例では２本の電極Ｓ、Ｍによっ て４段階の水位制御を実現しているが、タイミングＴ１、Ｔ２、Ｔ３、Ｔ４の値 を変えることで５段階以上の制御水位の変更を実現可能である。更に、水位検出 手段としては上記実施例のように別個の水位検出電極Ｌ，Ｓ，Ｍ，Ｄとするので はなく、一体化された電極（図示しない）であってもよい。蒸気負荷検出手段は 缶体内蒸気圧を検出するものに限定されるものではなく、操作器14等の蒸気圧設 定手段からの信号を検出するものであってもよい。The present invention is not limited to the above embodiment, but can be applied to a steam boiler having a rectangular can body (not shown). Further, in the above embodiment, the water level control in four stages is realized by the two electrodes S and M, but the control water level in five or more stages is changed by changing the values of the timings T1, T2, T3 and T4. Is feasible. Further, the water level detecting means is not limited to the separate water level detecting electrodes L, S, M and D as in the above embodiment, but may be an integrated electrode (not shown). The vapor load detection means is not limited to the one that detects the vapor pressure inside the can, but may be a means that detects a signal from the vapor pressure setting means such as the operating unit 14.
【００２１】[0021]
以上のように、この考案によれば、高燃焼時蒸気負荷検出手段による低負荷検 出時に高燃焼水位制御用電極によるポンプＯＮのタイミング設定時間を高負荷検 出時よりも減少させるか及び／又は高燃焼水位制御用電極によるポンプＯＦＦの タイミング設定時間を増加させ、低燃焼時蒸気負荷検出手段による低負荷検出時 に低燃焼水位制御用電極によるポンプＯＮのタイミング設定時間を高負荷検出時 よりも減少させるか及び／又は低燃焼水位制御用電極によるポンプＯＦＦのタイ ミング設定時間を増加させることで、制御水位の多段切り替えを行っているので 、従来に比較して少ない電極数できめ細かい燃焼負荷対応型の水位制御を行える 等効果が大きい。 As described above, according to the present invention, it is possible to reduce the pump ON timing setting time by the high combustion water level control electrode during the low load detection by the high load steam load detection means as compared with the high load detection. Or, increase the pump OFF timing setting time by the high combustion water level control electrode so that the pump ON timing setting time by the low combustion water level control electrode is lower than the high load detection time when the low load is detected by the low combustion steam load detection means. The control water level is switched in multiple stages by decreasing the number of electrodes and / or increasing the pump OFF timing setting time by the low combustion water level control electrode. It has a great effect that it can respond to water level control.
【提出日】平成５年５月２６日[Submission date] May 26, 1993
【手続補正１】[Procedure Amendment 1]
【補正対象書類名】明細書[Document name to be amended] Statement
【補正対象項目名】全文[Correction target item name] Full text
【補正方法】変更[Correction method] Change
【０００１】[0001]
この考案は、貫流式小型ボイラ等のボイラの水位制御装置に関し、特に低燃焼 及び高燃焼対応型（熱負荷対応型）の水位制御装置に関するものである。 The present invention relates to a water level control device for a boiler such as a once-through small boiler, and more particularly to a water level control device for low combustion and high combustion (heat load compatible).
【０００２】[0002]
従来の小型貫流式ボイラの水位制御方式においては、缶体の水管の温度は管内 の水位、管内の蒸気圧及び水管を加熱する熱流束（燃焼量）の３つの要素によっ て左右されることが知られている。このため、蒸気圧と熱流束とを検出しこれに 応じて、管内水位を適正に制御することで水管の過熱を防止する技術が提案され ている（特開54-103905 号公報参照）。 In the conventional water level control system for small once-through boilers, the temperature of the water pipe in the can is influenced by three factors: the water level inside the pipe, the vapor pressure inside the pipe, and the heat flux (combustion amount) that heats the water pipe. It has been known. Therefore, there has been proposed a technique for preventing overheating of the water pipe by detecting the vapor pressure and the heat flux and appropriately controlling the water level in the pipe accordingly (see Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 54-103905).
【０００３】[0003]
しかしながら、上記の従来例は、３本の水位検出電極を用いて３段階の水位制 御を行うものであり、使用する電極数の割にきめ細かい多段階の水位制御を行う ことができないと共に装置のコストアップを招くという課題があった。 本考案は、こうした課題を解決することを目的としてなされたものである。 However, the above-mentioned conventional example uses three water level detection electrodes to perform water level control in three stages, and thus it is not possible to perform fine multi-stage water level control for the number of electrodes used, and the device There was a problem of increasing costs. The present invention has been made for the purpose of solving these problems.
【０００４】[0004]
この考案は、上部管寄せ２及び下部管寄せ３間に略垂直の多数の水管４を接続 した缶体１と、前記上部管寄せ２及び下部管寄せ３間に連通接続される水位制御 器12と、前記水管４を少なくとも高燃焼と低燃焼とに加熱するバーナ５と、前記 缶体１に水を供給するポンプ６とを備える蒸気ボイラにおいて、それぞれ前記水 位制御器12内の所定水位を検出するように設けられる第１水位検出手段Ｍと、こ の第１水位検出手段Ｍよりも高い所定の水位を検出する第２水位検出手段Ｓと、 蒸気負荷を検出する負荷検出手段７と、高燃焼時に前記第１水位検出手段Ｍの水 無し検出から所定時間Ｔ３経過後に前記ポンプ６をＯＮすると共に水有り検出か ら所定時間Ｔ４経過後に前記ポンプ６をＯＦＦし、低燃焼時に前記第２水位検出 手段Ｓの水無し検出から所定時間Ｔ１経過後に前記ポンプ６をＯＮすると共に水 有り検出から所定時間Ｔ２経過後に前記ポンプ６をＯＦＦし、高燃焼時の前記負 荷検出手段７による低負荷検出時に前記所定時間Ｔ３を高負荷検出時よりも減少 させるか及び／又は前記所定時間Ｔ４を増加させ、低燃焼時の前記負荷検出手段 ７による低負荷検出時に前記所定時間Ｔ１を高負荷検出時よりも減少させるか及 び／又は前記所定時間Ｔ２を増加させる水位制御手段とを具備することを特徴と するものである。 In this invention, a can body 1 in which a large number of substantially vertical water pipes 4 are connected between an upper head 2 and a lower head 3 and a water level controller 12 connected in communication between the upper head 2 and the lower head 3 In a steam boiler including a burner 5 for heating the water pipe 4 to at least high combustion and low combustion, and a pump 6 for supplying water to the can body 1, the predetermined water level in the water level controller 12 is adjusted. First water level detecting means M provided so as to detect, second water level detecting means S for detecting a predetermined water level higher than the first water level detecting means M, load detecting means 7 for detecting a steam load, During high combustion, the pump 6 is turned on after a lapse of a predetermined time T3 from the detection of no water by the first water level detecting means M, and turned off after a lapse of a predetermined time T4 from the detection of water, and the second pump is operated during a low combustion. Water level detection Waterless detection by means S The pump 6 is turned on after a lapse of a predetermined time T1 from the discharge, and turned off after a lapse of a predetermined time T2 from the presence of water, and the predetermined time T3 is set when the low load is detected by the load detection means 7 during high combustion. Whether the predetermined time T1 is decreased from that at the time of high load detection and / or the predetermined time T4 is increased, and the predetermined time T1 is decreased from that at the time of low load detection by the load detection means 7 during low combustion, and And / or water level control means for increasing the predetermined time T2.
【０００５】[0005]
この考案によれば、高燃焼時に負荷検出手段７により低負荷が検出されると、 所定時間Ｔ３が高負荷検出時よりも減少させられ、第１水位検出手段Ｍの水無し 検出からポンプ６のＯＮまでの時間が減少して水位が高負荷時より高めに制御さ れる。又は、前記所定時間Ｔ４が増加させられることで、第１水位検出手段Ｍの 水有り検出からポンプ６のＯＦＦまでの時間が増加して水位が高めに制御される 。又、低燃焼時に前記負荷検出手段７により低負荷が検出されると、第２水位検 出手段Ｓの水無し検出からポンプ６のＯＮまでの時間Ｔ１が減少して水位が高負 荷時より高めに制御される。又は、前記所定時間Ｔ２が増加させられることで、 第２水位検出手段Ｓの水あり検出からポンプ６のＯＦＦまでの時間が増加して水 位が高めに制御される。According to this invention, when a low load is detected by the load detection means 7 during high combustion, the predetermined time T 3 is made shorter than that when high load is detected, and the pump 6 is detected from the absence of water by the first water level detection means M. The time to turn ON is reduced, and the water level is controlled to be higher than that under high load. Alternatively, by increasing the predetermined time T 4, the time from the detection of the presence of water by the first water level detecting means M to the turning off of the pump 6 increases, and the water level is controlled to be higher. Further, when a low load is detected by the load detecting means 7 during low combustion, the time T 1 from the detection of the absence of water by the second water level detecting means S to the turning on of the pump 6 is decreased, and the water level is high. It is controlled higher. Alternatively, by increasing the predetermined time T 2, the time from the detection of the presence of water by the second water level detecting means S to the turning off of the pump 6 is increased, and the water level is controlled to be higher.
【０００６】[0006]
以下、この考案の具体的な実施例を図面に基づいて詳細に説明する。図面に示 す実施例は一例として、小型貫流式の蒸気ボイラについて図示したもので、図１ は、この考案の一実施例の概略を示す説明図である。 Hereinafter, a specific embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. The embodiment shown in the drawings shows a small once-through steam boiler as an example, and FIG. 1 is an explanatory view showing the outline of an embodiment of the present invention.
【０００７】 図１において、１は、環状の上部管寄せ２及び環状の下部管寄せ３間に多数の 略垂直の水管４、４を円環状に連通接続した円筒状の缶体で、バーナ５からの燃 焼火炎及び燃焼ガスは水管４、４を内側から加熱した後、隣接する水管４、４間 の間隙を流通した後、図示しない燃焼ガス排出口から排出される。尚、この缶体 としては水管群を２重円環状に配列した周知のオメガフロー缶体を用いても良い 。６は缶体１内への給水用ポンプ、７は蒸気負荷検出手段としての缶体１内の蒸 気圧を検出する蒸気圧力検出器、８は水管４上端部の温度を検出する過熱温度検 出サーモである。In FIG. 1, reference numeral 1 denotes a cylindrical can body in which a large number of substantially vertical water pipes 4, 4 are connected in an annular shape between an annular upper header 2 and an annular lower header 3, and a burner 5 is provided. The combustion flame and the combustion gas from the inside are heated from the inside of the water pipes 4 and 4, and then flow through the gap between the adjacent water pipes 4 and 4, and then discharged from a combustion gas discharge port (not shown). As this can body, a well-known omega flow can body in which a water pipe group is arranged in a double annular shape may be used. 6 is a pump for supplying water into the can body 1, 7 is a steam pressure detector for detecting steam pressure in the can body 1 as steam load detecting means, and 8 is overheat temperature detection for detecting the temperature of the upper end of the water pipe 4. It is a thermo.
【０００８】 ９は上部管寄せ２、下部管寄せ３間に蒸気取り出し管10、降水管11によって連 通接続したセパレータ、12は上部管寄せ２と下部管寄せ３との間に連通接続した 筒状水位制御器で、それぞれの検出端が順次高い水位制御器12内の所定水位を検 出するように第４、第１、第２、第３水位検出電極Ｌ、Ｍ、Ｓ、Ｄを挿設してい る。 第１水位検出電極Ｍは検出水位に基づいてポンプ６をＯＮ（起動）−ＯＦＦ（ 停止）制御することで高燃焼時缶体内水位を所定の低い水位に制御し、第２水位 検出電極Ｓは検出水位に基づいてポンプ６をＯＮ−ＯＦＦ制御することで低燃焼 時缶体１内水位を所定の高い水位に制御する。第４水位検出電極Ｌは水無し検出 によりバーナ５の燃焼をインターロック状態に停止する。A separator 9 is connected between the upper header 2 and the lower header 3 by a vapor take-out pipe 10 and a downcomer 11, and a cylinder 12 is connected between the upper header 2 and the lower header 3. The 4th, 1st, 2nd and 3rd water level detection electrodes L, M, S and D are inserted so that each detection end detects a predetermined water level in the water level controller 12 whose detection ends are successively higher. It is set up. The first water level detection electrode M controls the pump 6 ON (start) -OFF (stop) based on the detected water level to control the water level in the can during high combustion to a predetermined low water level, and the second water level detection electrode S By controlling the pump 6 to be turned on and off based on the detected water level, the water level inside the can body 1 during low combustion is controlled to a predetermined high water level. The fourth water level detection electrode L stops the combustion of the burner 5 in an interlock state by detecting the absence of water.
【０００９】 13は、マイクロコンピュータ等で構成される主制御器で、予め記憶された処理 手順に従い、操作器14、第１、第２、第３、第４水位検出電極Ｍ、Ｓ、Ｄ、Ｌ、 圧力検出器７、過熱温度検出サーモ８等からの信号を入力し、バーナ５の燃焼状 態を制御すると共に、ポンプ６を制御し缶体内水位制御を行う。Reference numeral 13 denotes a main controller composed of a microcomputer and the like, and the controller 14, the first, second, third, and fourth water level detection electrodes M, S, D, in accordance with a processing procedure stored in advance. The signals from L, the pressure detector 7, the overheat temperature detection thermo 8 and the like are input to control the combustion state of the burner 5 and the pump 6 to control the water level in the can.
【００１０】 この缶体１内水位制御には上記の第１水位検出電極Ｍと第２水位検出電極Ｓに よる燃焼負荷対応型のポンプ６のＯＮ−ＯＦＦ制御と次に説明する冷態時起動制 御と第１、第２水位検出電極Ｍ、Ｓのバックアップ制御を含む。 燃焼負荷対応型のポンプ制御は低燃焼時は電極Ｓを中心とした、即ち電極Ｓの 水検出に基づいたタイミング制御を、高燃焼時は電極Ｍを中心とした、即ち電極 Ｍの水検出に基づいたタイミング制御を含む。To control the water level in the can body 1, ON-OFF control of the combustion load-corresponding pump 6 by the first water level detection electrode M and the second water level detection electrode S and the cold start described below. Control and backup control of the first and second water level detection electrodes M and S are included. The pump control corresponding to the combustion load is based on the electrode S when the combustion is low, that is, the timing control based on the water detection of the electrode S, and when the combustion is high, the timing control is based on the electrode M, that is, the water detection of the electrode M. Based timing control.
【００１１】 更に、具体的には例えば低燃焼のポンプ６のＯＮ条件は電 極ＳのＯＦＦ（水無し検出）からＴ１経過という条件であり、低燃焼時のＯＦＦ 条件は電極ＳのＯＮ（水有り検出）からＴ２経過という条件である。そして、圧 力検出器７によって高負荷、例えば蒸気圧が７ｋｇ／平方ｃｍ未満を検出の時に は低負荷時（例えば蒸気圧が７ｋｇ／平方ｃｍ以上）よりもＴ１を増加させるか 、Ｔ２を減少させるか、その両方を行うかにより、高負荷時の制御水位帯を低負 荷時より下降 させる。一実施例としては、高負荷時Ｔ１を所定値Ｔ１０とし、Ｔ ２＝０とし、低負荷時Ｔ１＝０とし、Ｔ２を所定値Ｔ２０とするが、これに限定 されるものではなく、増減値は任意に設定可能である。この場合、第２水位検出 電極Ｓの水位検出端は低燃焼−低負荷時の過熱限界水位（これ以上水位が低下す ると水管の過熱を生ずる水位）に相当する水位となる。Further, more specifically, for example, the ON condition of the low-combustion pump 6 is a condition that T1 has elapsed from the OFF state of the electrode S (detection of no water), and the OFF condition during low combustion is the ON state of the electrode S (water The condition is that T2 has elapsed from the presence detection). Then, when the pressure detector 7 detects a high load, for example, a vapor pressure of less than 7 kg / square cm, T1 is increased or T2 is decreased compared to when the load is low (for example, the vapor pressure is 7 kg / square cm or more). or it is, by either do both, causes lowered than during low load control level zone at high loads. As an example, the high load T1 is set to the predetermined value T10, T2 = 0, the low load T1 = 0, and T2 is set to the predetermined value T20. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and the increase / decrease value is not limited thereto. Can be set arbitrarily. In this case, the water level detection end of the second water level detection electrode S has a water level corresponding to the superheat limit water level during low combustion- low load (a water level that causes overheating of the water pipe when the water level further drops).
【００１２】 又、高燃焼の給水ポンプ６のＯＮ条件は電極ＭのＯＦＦからＴ３経過という条 件であり、高燃焼時のＯＦＦ条件は電極ＭのＯＮからＴ４経過という条件である 。そして、圧力検出器７によって高負荷、例えば蒸気圧が７ｋｇ／平方ｃｍ未満 を検出の時には低負荷時（例えば蒸気圧が７ｋｇ／平方ｃｍ以上）よりもＴ３を 増加 させるか、Ｔ４を減少させるか、その両方を行うかにより、高負荷時の制御 水位帯を低負荷時より下降させる。一実施例としては、高負荷時Ｔ３を所定値Ｔ ３０とし、Ｔ４＝０とし、低負荷時Ｔ３＝０とし、Ｔ４を所定値Ｔ４０とするが 、これに限定されるものではなく、増減値は任意に設定可能である。この場合、 第１水位検出電極Ｍの水位検出端は高燃焼−高負荷時の乾き度熱限界水位（これ 以上水位が上昇すると必要な蒸気の乾き度を得られない水位）に相当する水位と なる。そして、第４水位検出電極Ｌの水位検出端は高燃焼−高負荷時の過熱限界 水位に相当の水位に設定される。Further, the ON condition of the feed pump 6 for high combustion is a condition that T3 has passed since the OFF state of the electrode M, and the OFF condition during high combustion is a condition that T4 has passed since the ON state of the electrode M. And by the pressure detector 7HighWhen a load, for example, a vapor pressure of less than 7 kg / cm2 is detected,LowT3 than under load (for example, vapor pressure is 7 kg / cm2 or more) increase Or let T4DecreaseThe control water level band at high load depending on whetherLower than under low loadLet As an example,HighWhen the load is T3, the predetermined value is T30, and T4 = 0,LowThe load T3 is set to 0 and T4 is set to the predetermined value T40, but the present invention is not limited to this, and the increase / decrease value can be set arbitrarily. In this case, the water level detection end of the first water level detection electrode M has high combustion-HighDryness at load The water level is equivalent to the thermal limit water level (a water level at which the required dryness of steam cannot be obtained if the water level rises above this level). Then, the water level detection end of the fourth water level detection electrode L is highly burned-High loadThe water level is set to be equivalent to the overheat limit water level at that time.
【００１３】 冷態時起動制御は、冷態起動時第３水位検出電極Ｄが作動され、第２水位検出 電極Ｓの水有り検出によってポンプ６をＯＦＦすることなく、第３水位検出電極 Ｄの水有り検出によってポンプ６をＯＦＦする制御を含む。これにより、第３水 位検出電極Ｄの検出端は冷態起動時の過熱限界水位の相当の水位に設定される。 尚、冷態（ｃｏｌｄ）起動時とは缶水が所定温度以下の冷たい状態での起動
（ 燃焼可能状態とする）時を意味し、実施例では前記過熱サーモ８によって缶水温 度を検出し、その温度が所定値以下の起動時をいう。In the cold start control, the third water level detection electrode D at the time of cold start is activated, and the third water level detection electrode D of the third water level detection electrode D is not turned off by detecting the presence of water in the second water level detection electrode S. The control includes turning off the pump 6 by detecting the presence of water. Thereby, the detection end of the third water level detection electrode D is set to a water level corresponding to the overheat limit water level at the time of cold start. It should be noted that the cold start time means the start time (making the combustible state) when the can water is cold below a predetermined temperature, and in the embodiment, the can water temperature is detected by the superheat thermostat 8. When the temperature is below a predetermined value, it means the time of startup.
【００１４】 バックアップ制御は、第１水位検出電極Ｍ不良時の第２水位検出電極Ｓによる バックアップ制御と、第２水位検出電極Ｓ不良時の第３水位検出電極Ｄによるバ ックアップ制御を含む。The backup control includes backup control by the second water level detection electrode S when the first water level detection electrode M is defective, and backup control by the third water level detection electrode D when the second water level detection electrode S is defective.
【００１５】 前者のバックアップ制御は、第１水位検出電極Ｍの不良を判定する手段により 不良と判定した時は第２水位検出電極Ｓによるタイミング制御、例えば水位検出 電極Ｓの水有り検出によりポンプ６をＯＦＦし、第２水位検出電極Ｓの水無し検 出から所定時間経過後にポンプ６をＯＮする制御を含む。第１水位検出電極Ｍの 不良を判定する手段としては、第１水位検出電極Ｍの水有り検出状態で第４水位 検出電極Ｌが水有り検出から水無し検出へ変化したとき第１水位検出電極Ｍを不 良と判定する手段を用いるが、これに限らず第２水位検出電極Ｓの水無し検出か ら所定時間後に第１水位検出電極Ｍが水無しを検出しない場合に不良と判定する 手段、又は第２水位検出電極Ｓの水無し検出後、第１水位検出電極Ｍの水無し検 出を経ることなく第４水位検出電極Ｌが水無しを検出した場合不良と判定する手 段であってもよい。In the former backup control, when it is determined that the first water level detection electrode M is defective by the means for determining the defect, the second water level detection electrode S performs timing control, for example, the water level detection electrode S detects the presence of water in the pump 6 The control includes turning OFF the pump 6 and turning ON the pump 6 after a lapse of a predetermined time from the detection of the absence of water in the second water level detecting electrode S. As means for determining the defect of the first water level detection electrode M, the first water level detection electrode is used when the fourth water level detection electrode L changes from the water presence detection to the water absence detection in the water presence detection state of the first water level detection electrode M. Means for judging M as bad is used, but not limited to this, means for judging defective if the first water level detecting electrode M does not detect no water after a predetermined time from the detection of water not being detected by the second water level detecting electrode S Alternatively, if the fourth water level detecting electrode L detects that there is no water after the second water level detecting electrode S has detected no water, the first water level detecting electrode M is not defective. May be.
【００１６】 後者のバックアップ制御は、第２水位検出電極Ｓの不良を判定する手段により 不良と判定した時は第３水位検出電極Ｄによるタイミング制御、即ち、第３水位 検出電極Ｄの水有り検出によりポンプ６をＯＦＦし、第３水位検出電極Ｄの水無 し検出から所定時間経過後にポンプ６をＯＮする制御を含む。 第２水位検出電極Ｓの不良を判定する手段は、第２水位検出電極Ｓの水有り検 出状態で第１水位検出電極Ｍが水有り検出から水無し検出へ変化したとき第２水 位検出電極Ｓを不良と判定する手段を用いるが、これに限らず第１水位検出電極 Ｍの水有り検出から所定時間後に第２水位検出電極Ｓが水有りを検出しない場合 に不良と判定する手段、又は第１水位検出電極Ｍの水有り検出後、第２水位検出 電極Ｓの水有り検出を経ることなく第３水位検出電極Ｄが水有りを検出した場合 不良と判定する手段を用いても良い。The latter backup control is the timing control by the third water level detection electrode D when the defectiveness of the second water level detection electrode S is determined to be defective, that is, the presence of water in the third water level detection electrode D is detected. Therefore, the control includes turning off the pump 6 and turning on the pump 6 after a lapse of a predetermined time from the detection of the absence of water on the third water level detection electrode D. The means for determining the defect of the second water level detection electrode S is the second water level detection when the first water level detection electrode M changes from the water presence detection to the water absence detection in the water presence detection state of the second water level detection electrode S. The means for determining the electrode S as defective is used, but not limited to this, a means for determining as defective if the second water level detecting electrode S does not detect the presence of water after a predetermined time has passed from the detection of water by the first water level detecting electrode M, Alternatively, after detecting the presence of water in the first water level detection electrode M, if the third water level detection electrode D detects the presence of water without passing through the detection of water presence in the second water level detection electrode S, a means for determining failure may be used. .
【００１７】 以上の構成において、上記実施例の動作を説明する。 冷態起動時、即ち缶水温度が低い状態での燃焼開始時は第３水位検出手段Ｄに より缶体１内水位が引き上げられ冷態起動時の過熱防止がなされる。The operation of the above-described embodiment having the above configuration will be described. At the time of cold start, that is, at the time of starting combustion in a state where the can water temperature is low, the water level in the can body 1 is raised by the third water level detecting means D to prevent overheating at the time of cold start.
【００１８】 その後の運転時において、低燃焼時の蒸気圧力が低い高負荷時は電極ＳのＯＦ ＦからＴ１０経過の条件でポンプ６がＯＮされ、電極ＳのＯＮによりポンプ６が ＯＦＦされ、蒸気圧力が高い低負荷時は電極ＳのＯＦＦによりポンプ６がＯＮさ れ、電極ＳのＯＮからＴ２０経過の条件でＯＦＦされる結果、低負荷時は高負荷 時より高い水位に制御される。こうして、缶体１内水位は低燃焼と蒸気負荷の変 化とに対応した適正水位に制御される。何らかの原因で、電極Ｓが異常が判定さ れると、電極Ｄによってポンプ６がＯＮ−ＯＦＦ制御される。こうして、低燃焼 用の電極Ｓは電極Ｄによってバックアップされる。During the subsequent operation, when the steam pressure during low combustion is low and the load is high , the pump 6 is turned on under the condition of T10 from OF F of the electrode S, and when the electrode S is turned on, the pump 6 is turned off. When the pressure is high and the load is low, the pump 6 is turned on by turning off the electrode S, and is turned off when T20 has elapsed since the electrode S was turned on. As a result, when the load is low, the water level is controlled to be higher than that under high load. In this way, the water level in the can body 1 is controlled to an appropriate water level corresponding to low combustion and changes in steam load. If the electrode S is determined to be abnormal for some reason, the electrode D controls the pump 6 to be turned on and off. Thus, the electrode S for low combustion is backed up by the electrode D.
【００１９】 高燃焼時の蒸気圧力が低い高負荷時は電極ＭのＯＦＦからＴ３０経過の条件で ポンプ６がＯＮされ、電極ＭのＯＮによりポンプ６がＯＦＦされ、蒸気圧力が高 い低負荷時は電極ＭのＯＦＦによりポンプ６がＯＮされ、電極ＭのＯＮからＴ４ ０経過の条件でＯＦＦされる結果、低負荷時は高負荷時より高い水位に制御され る。こうして、缶体１内水位は高燃焼と蒸気負荷の変化とに対応した適正水位に 制御される。何らかの原因で、電極Ｍが異常が判定されると、電極Ｓによってポ ンプ６がＯＮ−ＯＦＦ制御される。こうして、高燃焼用の電極Ｍは電極Ｓによっ てバックアップされる。When the steam pressure during high combustion is low and at high load, the pump 6 is turned on under the condition of T30 from the turning off of the electrode M, and when the electrode M is turned on, the pump 6 is turned off, and when the steam pressure is high and at low load. The pump 6 is turned on when the electrode M is turned off, and is turned off when T40 has elapsed since the electrode M was turned on. As a result, when the load is low, the water level is controlled to be higher than when the load is high . In this way, the water level in the can body 1 is controlled to an appropriate water level corresponding to high combustion and changes in steam load. When the electrode M is determined to be abnormal for some reason, the electrode S controls ON / OFF of the pump 6. Thus, the electrode M for high combustion is backed up by the electrode S.
【００２０】 尚、本考案は上記実施例に限定されるものではなく、角型缶体（図示しない） の蒸気ボイラにも適用可能である。又、上記実施例では２本の電極Ｓ、Ｍによっ て４段階の水位制御を実現しているが、タイミングＴ１、Ｔ２、Ｔ３、Ｔ４の値 を変えることで５段階以上の制御水位の変更を実現可能である。更に、水位検出 手段としては上記実施例のように別個の水位検出電極Ｌ，Ｓ，Ｍ，Ｄとするので はなく、一体化された電極（図示しない）であってもよい。蒸気負荷検出手段は 缶体内蒸気圧を検出するものに限定されるものではなく、操作器14等の蒸気圧設 定手段からの信号を検出するものであってもよい。The present invention is not limited to the above embodiment, but can be applied to a steam boiler having a rectangular can body (not shown). Further, in the above embodiment, the water level control in four stages is realized by the two electrodes S and M, but the control water level in five or more stages is changed by changing the values of the timings T1, T2, T3 and T4. Is feasible. Further, the water level detecting means is not limited to the separate water level detecting electrodes L, S, M and D as in the above embodiment, but may be an integrated electrode (not shown). The vapor load detection means is not limited to the one that detects the vapor pressure inside the can, but may be a means that detects a signal from the vapor pressure setting means such as the operating unit 14.
【００２１】[0021]
以上のように、この考案によれば、高燃焼時蒸気負荷検出手段による低負荷検 出時に高燃焼水位制御用電極によるポンプＯＮのタイミング設定時間を高負荷検 出時よりも減少させるか及び／又は高燃焼水位制御用電極によるポンプＯＦＦの タイミング設定時間を増加させ、低燃焼時蒸気負荷検出手段による低負荷検出時 に低燃焼水位制御用電極によるポンプＯＮのタイミング設定時間を高負荷検出時 よりも減少させるか及び／又は低燃焼水位制御用電極によるポンプＯＦＦのタイ ミング設定時間を増加させることで、制御水位の多段切り替えを行っているので 、従来に比較して少ない電極数できめ細かい燃焼負荷対応型の水位制御を行える 等効果が大きい。 As described above, according to the present invention, it is possible to reduce the pump ON timing setting time by the high combustion water level control electrode during the low load detection by the high load steam load detection means as compared with the high load detection. Or, increase the pump OFF timing setting time by the high combustion water level control electrode so that the pump ON timing setting time by the low combustion water level control electrode is lower than the high load detection time when the low load is detected by the low combustion steam load detection means. The control water level is switched in multiple stages by decreasing the number of electrodes and / or increasing the pump OFF timing setting time by the low combustion water level control electrode. It has a great effect that it can respond to water level control.
【図１】この考案の一実施例の要部概略構成を示す説明
図である。FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram showing a schematic configuration of a main part of an embodiment of the present invention.
【図２】同実施例の全体概略構成を示す説明図である。FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram showing an overall schematic configuration of the same embodiment.
１ 缶体 ２ 上部管寄せ ３ 上部管寄せ ４ 水管 ５ バーナ ６ 給水ポンプ ７ 蒸気圧力検出器（負荷検出手段） 12 水位制御器 Ｍ 第１水位検出電極（水位検出手段） Ｓ 第２水位検出電極（水位検出手段） 1 can body 2 upper heading head 3 upper heading head 4 water tube 5 burner 6 water supply pump 7 steam pressure detector (load detecting means) 12 water level controller M first water level detecting electrode (water level detecting means) S second water level detecting electrode ( Water level detection means)
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【手続補正書】[Procedure amendment]
【提出日】平成５年５月２６日[Submission date] May 26, 1993
【手続補正１】[Procedure Amendment 1]
【補正対象書類名】明細書[Document name to be amended] Statement
【補正対象項目名】全文[Correction target item name] Full text
【補正方法】変更[Correction method] Change
【補正内容】[Correction content]
【書類名】 明細書[Document name] Statement
【考案の名称】 ボイラの水位制御装置[Title of device] Water level controller for boiler
【実用新案登録請求の範囲】[Scope of utility model registration request]
【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief description of drawings]
【図１】この考案の一実施例の動作説明図である。FIG. 1 is an operation explanatory diagram of an embodiment of the present invention.
【図２】同実施例の全体概略構成を示す説明図である。FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram showing an overall schematic configuration of the same embodiment.
【符号の説明】 １ 缶体 ２ 上部管寄せ ３ 上部管寄せ ４ 水管 ５ バーナ ６ 給水ポンプ ７ 蒸気圧力検出器（負荷検出手段） 12 水位制御器 Ｍ 第１水位検出電極（水位検出手段） Ｓ 第２水位検出電極（水位検出手段）[Explanation of symbols] 1 can body 2 upper heading head 3 upper heading head 4 water tube 5 burner 6 water supply pump 7 steam pressure detector (load detecting means) 12 water level controller M 1st water level detecting electrode (water level detecting means) S No. 2 Water level detection electrode (water level detection means)
Claims (1)
の略垂直の水管４を接続した缶体１と、前記上部管寄せ
２及び下部管寄せ３間に連通接続される水位制御器12
と、前記水管４を少なくとも高燃焼と低燃焼とに加熱す
るバーナ５と、前記缶体１に水を供給するポンプ６とを
備える蒸気ボイラにおいて、それぞれ前記水位制御器12
内の所定水位を検出するように設けられる第１水位検出
手段Ｍと、この第１水位検出手段Ｍよりも高い所定の水
位を検出する第２水位検出手段Ｓと、蒸気負荷を検出す
る負荷検出手段７と、高燃焼時に前記第１水位検出手段
Ｍの水無し検出から所定時間Ｔ３経過後に前記ポンプ６
をＯＮすると共に水有り検出から所定時間Ｔ４経過後に
前記ポンプ６をＯＦＦし、低燃焼時に前記第２水位検出
手段Ｓの水無し検出から所定時間Ｔ１経過後に前記ポン
プ６をＯＮすると共に水有り検出から所定時間Ｔ２経過
後に前記ポンプ６をＯＦＦし、高燃焼時の前記負荷検出
手段７による低負荷検出時に前記所定時間Ｔ３を高負荷
検出時よりも減少させるか及び／又は前記所定時間Ｔ４
を増加させ、低燃焼時の前記負荷検出手段７による低負
荷検出時に前記所定時間Ｔ１を高負荷検出時よりも減少
させるか及び／又は前記所定時間Ｔ２を増加させる水位
制御手段とを具備することを特徴とするボイラの水位制
御装置。1. A can body (1) in which a number of substantially vertical water pipes (4) are connected between an upper header (2) and a lower header (3), and a water level controller connected between the upper header (2) and the lower header (3). 12
And a burner 5 for heating the water pipe 4 to at least high combustion and low combustion, and a pump 6 for supplying water to the can body 1, in the steam level controller 12 respectively.
A first water level detecting means M provided to detect a predetermined water level in the interior, a second water level detecting means S detecting a predetermined water level higher than the first water level detecting means M, and a load detection detecting a steam load. Means 7 and the pump 6 after a predetermined time T3 has elapsed from the detection of the absence of water by the first water level detection means M during high combustion.
Is turned on and the pump 6 is turned off after a lapse of a predetermined time T4 from the water presence detection, and the pump 6 is turned on and a water presence detection after a predetermined time T1 from the water absence detection of the second water level detection means S during low combustion. After a lapse of a predetermined time T2, the pump 6 is turned off to reduce the predetermined time T3 when the low load is detected by the load detecting means 7 during high combustion and / or to reduce the predetermined time T4.
And a water level control means for increasing the predetermined time T2 and / or increasing the predetermined time T2 when the low load is detected by the load detection means 7 during low combustion. Boiler water level control device.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP8585592U JPH0674804U (en) | 1992-11-18 | 1992-11-18 | Boiler water level controller |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP8585592U JPH0674804U (en) | 1992-11-18 | 1992-11-18 | Boiler water level controller |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH0674804U true JPH0674804U (en) | 1994-10-21 |
Family
ID=13870498
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP8585592U Pending JPH0674804U (en) | 1992-11-18 | 1992-11-18 | Boiler water level controller |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH0674804U (en) |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5735361A (en) * | 1980-08-12 | 1982-02-25 | Nec Corp | Film carrier lead |
| JPH0245309B2 (en) * | 1984-06-07 | 1990-10-09 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd |
-
1992
- 1992-11-18 JP JP8585592U patent/JPH0674804U/en active Pending
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5735361A (en) * | 1980-08-12 | 1982-02-25 | Nec Corp | Film carrier lead |
| JPH0245309B2 (en) * | 1984-06-07 | 1990-10-09 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd |
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