JPH0659643B2 - Diatomaceous earth building material manufacturing method - Google Patents

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a method for producing a building material containing diatomaceous earth as a main raw material.

[Conventional technology]

There are SiO ₂ sources as raw materials for the production of calcium silicate-based building materials and diatomaceous earth as lightweight materials.

The diatomaceous earth contains around 100% by weight of water, and is excavated from the diatomaceous earth layer with a power shovel into large blocks. In the production of diatomaceous earth bricks, a diatomaceous earth mass that has been dug out is ground into scales with a thickness of 20 mm or less, a pore-forming material such as sawdust is added, the water content is adjusted, and the mixture is extruded and dried and baked. In the obtained brick, a small lump of diatomaceous earth with a diameter of 3 to 15 mm remains. As in the case of diatomaceous earth bricks, shaving diatomaceous earth in the form of scales with a lump thickness of 20 mm or less, Portland cement, fibers, extrusion additives are also kneaded and extruded to form a plate-like building material that is dried and fired. Small diatomaceous earth particles that do not mix with other raw materials remain in the plate material, resulting in poor quality uniformity, appearance, and manufacturing yield particularly in the production of thin plates.

In order to solve this problem, generally, what is powdered by dry pulverization is used so that it can be easily weighed and uniformly mixed.

However, since diatomaceous earth, which is an inexpensive raw material, is dried and pulverized into powder, the price of the raw material increases, and thus the price of the product using the diatomaceous earth powder also increases.

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention]

It is an object of the present invention to provide a method capable of producing a homogeneous and inexpensive building material by directly using diatomaceous earth as it is mined, without using dry pulverization to make powder.

[Means for Solving the Problems]

According to the present invention, a diatomaceous earth mass in an as-extracted wet state is ground into scales and further granulated to have a diameter of 6 mm or less, or a thickness of 4 mm.
Rolled to a mm or less, mixed with Portland cement and or lime, fiber, and extrusion aid to this, adjust the water content, knead and extrude, there is a method of manufacturing steam-cured diatomaceous earth building material. .

As the fibers, asbestos, glass fibers, carbon fibers, inorganic fibers such as wollastonite, and organic fibers such as pulp, polypropylene, polyvinyl alcohol, kepla, and polyethylene fibers can be used. Since the organic fiber is a non-combustible material, it is preferable to add 5 parts by weight or less to 100 parts by weight of diatomaceous earth.

The blending amounts of Portland cement and lime may be the same as conventional ones. When high pressure steam curing is carried out to produce tvermonite, it is preferable to mix it so that the C / S ratio is 1.0 to 0.4, as is well known.

As the extrusion aid, generally used methyl cellulose may be used in an amount of 0.2 to 3 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of diatomaceous earth.

Steam curing may be carried out at 60 to 180 ° C, and an appropriate temperature can be selected depending on the blended fiber and the application.

[Action]

Diatomaceous earth, which exists as a stratum, usually has a water content of 100
The content of domestic diatomaceous earth in the dry state is 50 to 70% by weight, the clay content is 20 to 40% by weight, the other is 5 to 20% by weight, and the chemical composition is SiO ₂ 60 to 80% by weight. %, Al ₂ O ₃
5-15% by weight, other 5-15% by weight, heating loss about 5-15
It is a mudstone with a weight percentage of 0.5 and a dry specific gravity of 0.5 to 1.0. Since diatomaceous earth containing water as it is mined has shape-retaining properties, the entire mixture is not kneaded to the extent that the lumps are scraped to a thickness of 20 mm or less and kneaded, and small lumps remain in them, and a uniform mixture is not formed. However, if an external force is applied so that all parts are applied, the whole will be in a uniform clay-like state and can be uniformly mixed with other compounds.

Utilizing this property, the present invention uses the as-mined diatomaceous earth mass cut into scales with a thickness of 20 mm or less to granulate to a particle size of 6 mm or less, or to roll to a thickness of 4 mm or less with a roll. Then, an external force is applied to the inside to make the whole into a clay-like one having plastic deformability so that it can be uniformly mixed with other compounds. Also, by preliminarily granulating a scale-shaped diatomaceous earth mass to a particle shape of 6 mm or less, rough mixing with other compounds can be evenly performed, uniform mixing becomes easy, and scale-shaped diatomaceous earth is preliminarily thickened. When rolled with a roll of 4 mm or less, when it comes out of the roll, it spontaneously cracks and becomes various flakes of various sizes, but this does not cause uneven mixing and crushing in coarse mixing, and it is uniform with other blends. Easy to mix. The grain size exceeds 6 mm, and the thickness when rolling is 4
When it exceeds mm, external force does not reach the inside and a portion having no plastic deformability remains, and when mixed, diatomaceous earth remains as small particles in the mixture. When granulating or rolling, use a diatomaceous earth block cut to a thickness of 20 mm or less.
The reason is that if the thickness exceeds, the granulator does not need to be rolled and rolling must be performed many times.

〔Example〕

Example 1 5 to 15 m thick diatomaceous earth mass containing 104% by weight of water
It was cut into m-scale pieces and granulated with a granulating machine to a diameter of about 1 mm. 100 parts by weight of this diatomaceous earth grain, 55 parts by weight of Portland cement, 10 parts by weight of chrysotile methyl cellulose 2
Add 30 parts by weight, add 30 parts by weight and add 2 parts by weight of water so that it is neither too hard nor too soft for extrusion molding.
Extrusion molding to cm, 7 in 180 ℃ steam at 9.5 atm
Steam curing was performed for an hour to obtain a plate material having a length of 180 cm. The plate had a bulk density of 1.1 g / cc and a bending strength of 120 kg / cm ² .
When the surface of this plate was examined, no small diatomaceous earth particles were exposed on the surface. A cross section of this plate cut into 30 pieces was examined. No small diatomaceous earth particles were observed in the cross section, showing that diatomaceous earth, Portland cement, and chrysotile were uniformly mixed.

Comparative Example 1 A plate material was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the particle diameter of diatomaceous earth was 8 mm in a granulating machine. The obtained plate material had a bulk density of 1.1 g / cc and a bending strength of 110 kg / cm ² , small diatomaceous earth particles having a diameter of ² to 10 mm were observed on the surface and inside, and the surface was also rough.

Example 2 A diatomaceous earth mass containing 102% by weight of water in a proportion of about 15 mm in thickness
Was cut into a scaly shape and was rolled to a thickness of 3 mm. To 100 parts by weight of this diatomaceous earth grain, Portland cement 5
Add 5 parts by weight, 2 parts by weight of polyvinyl alcohol fiber, and 2 parts by weight of methyl cellulose, add water so that it is neither too hard nor too soft for extrusion molding, kneading, width
Extruded and molded to a thickness of 30 cm and a thickness of 2 cm.
Steam curing was performed for an hour to obtain a plate material having a length of 180 cm. The plate material had a bulk density of 1.15 g / cc and a bending strength of 80 kg / cm ² . The surface of this plate was examined and no small diatomaceous earth particles were exposed on the surface. In addition, I examined the cross section of this plate cut into 30 pieces, but no small particles of diatomaceous earth were observed in the cross section.
It was a mixture of diatomaceous earth, Portland cement and fibers uniformly.

Comparative Example 2 A plate material was produced in the same manner as in Example 2 except that the rolled thickness of diatomaceous earth was set to 6 mm. The obtained plate material has a bulk density of 1.15 g / cc, a bending strength of 65 kg / cm ² , and a small diatomaceous earth nodule with a diameter of 2 to 4 mm is observed on the surface and inside, and the surface has a small diatomaceous earth nodule. There was a storm.

〔The invention's effect〕

According to the present invention, a building material can be economically manufactured uniformly using diatomaceous earth.

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Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A diatomaceous earth mass in a wet state as mined is ground into a scale and further granulated to a diameter of 6 mm or less or rolled to a thickness of 4 mm or less with a portland cement and / or lime, Mix the fiber and extrusion aid,
A method for producing a diatomaceous earth building material in which moisture is adjusted, kneaded, extruded, and steam-cured.