JPH0657086B2 - Fertilization method in rice cultivation - Google Patents

Description

Description: TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a fertilizer application method for rice cultivation, in which a fertilizer for additional fertilization is applied before planting to a deep layer corresponding to the root system elongation reaching after the middle stage of growth of the rice root. The present invention relates to a fertilizer application method for rice cultivation that is pre-injected.

[Prior art]

In the conventional rice cultivation, fertilization is managed by a fertilization plan in which top-fertilization called sour fertilization is carried out at an appropriate time before heading after seedling planting and growth. And, in recent years, a so-called deep layer fertilization cultivation technique has been recommended in which the amount of additional fertilizer is increased relative to the amount of original fertilizer to increase the yield by applying the additional fertilizer to the soil instead of the surface layer at an appropriate time before heading. It was However, this additional fertilization is extremely hot in terms of time, and the solid fertilizer is stepped on by the operator's foot while walking between planting rows with the plant height of the rice extended, or in the form of granules, paste, liquid, etc. It is carried out by injecting the fertilizer of the above into the soil by inputting.

Therefore, the topdressing work is extremely heavy labor that requires an extremely large amount of labor, and it is necessary to topple the fertilizer in a timely manner, and it is difficult to determine the timing of the fertilization period. In addition, although top-dressing by mechanical force was also attempted, top-dressing work by running between naps such as cutting roots of rice with traveling wheels or stepping down napped rice in headland during turning is easy from driving operation. is not. Moreover, the top fertilization depth of these top fertilizers is limited to about 12 cm, which is shallower than the normal plowing depth of 13 to 15 cm due to rotary tillage, etc. There was a problem that the fertilizer was not sufficiently absorbed since it was absorbed only from the roots that were relatively elongated in the upper layer.

[Object of the Invention]

In view of the above-mentioned conventional circumstances, the present invention was devised in order to solve those problems, in which the fertilizer is applied in advance to the deep part of the root system reaching equivalent to the root system after the middle stage of growing rice roots before planting. By doing so, fertilization work can be made extremely easy, and fertilizer can be effectively absorbed without waste during the top-dressing absorption period according to the growth of rice, providing a strong yield and increasing the yield. The purpose is to do.

[Structure of Invention]

The present invention to achieve the above-mentioned object, by the soil digging blade arranged behind the coulter of the fertilizer application, in a non-tilled field scene before planting, deeper than the position of the cultivator surface, and after the middle stage of rice growth. A cut is made to a deep position corresponding to the root system extension reaching, is vertically swingably arranged in front of the coulter, and is always urged downward, and is provided between a plurality of plate lugs. Characterized in that the fertilizer for supplemental fertilization is fed from the fertilizer tank while the drive shaft for feeding the fertilizer is rotated by the rotation of the grounding wheel protruding from the outer periphery of the fertilizer and the fertilizer is applied to the deep position in advance. It is a thing.

〔Example〕

Hereinafter, the drawings showing the present invention as an embodiment will be described.

As shown in FIG. 1, the fertilizer applicator 1 is mounted via a three-point link mechanism 3 mounted behind the agricultural tractor 2. The agricultural tractor 2 includes a pair of left and right rear wheels 4, 4. 4 and a pair of left and right steerable front wheels 5, 5 for traveling, and the three-point link mechanism 3 includes an upper link 6 and left and right lower links 7,
7, and the upper ends of the links 8, 8 whose lower ends are pivotally connected to the intermediate portions of the lower links 7, 7 are
It is pivotally connected to the tips of lift arms 10, 10 that move up and down around a fulcrum 9 by a hydraulic mechanism provided in the.

The fertilizer application 1 described above is as follows. That is, a substantially horizontally extending frame 12 is fixed below the left and right masts 11, 11 pivotally connected to the upper link 6 and the lower link 7, and a viscous liquid fertilizer ( A fertilizer tank 13 for storing (paste fertilizer) is mounted, and a bracket 14 provided at the rear end of the frame 12 is provided with a vertical support rod 16 so that its position can be adjusted and fixed. A stabilizer wheel 15 that supports the lowered position of the fertilizer application device 1 from the ground is rotatably supported by the.

The frame 12 is provided with an underground cutting blade 17 for fixing a base end to form a cut in the soil, and this underground cutting blade 17 has a lower end having a depth of 30 to 35 cm. A blade 18 for cutting into the soil is provided along the front edge of the fertilizer application pipe 19 that is hung so as to be positioned, and a fertilizing pipe 19 that is hung along the rear edge thereof is integrally attached. The fertilizer hype 19 is formed in an elliptical shape whose cross section has a short diameter in the width direction and has a lower end serving as a fertilizer discharge port 20, and the distance between the discharge port 20 and the grounding position of the stabilizer wheel 15 is the fertilizer application. The depth is set to be A, and two soil cutting blades 17 are provided on the left and right so that the facing interval is the fertilizing interval K in the embodiment.

Coulters 22 each having a blade portion 21 are provided along the outer periphery of each of the soil cutting blades 17 along the planned line of travel, and each of the coulters 22 has a supporting arm whose base is attached to the frame 12. Agricultural tractor 2 rotatably supported by 23
With the progress of the above, the cut of the predetermined depth H is inserted into the soil prior to the cut of the underground cutting blade 17, and the cut of the predetermined depth H is further deepened by the rear cutting blade 17 under the ground. It becomes a notch of A.

Further, at a position near the rear wheel 4 in front of the frame 12, a grounding wheel 24 that contacts the ground and rotates as the aircraft progresses.
A plurality of plate lugs 25 and radial bar lugs 26 that are orthogonal to the traveling direction are alternately provided on the outer periphery of the grounding wheel 24, and there is no slipping on either the hard or soft ground. It is designed to rotate. This ground wheel 24 is a swing arm 27
A sprocket 29 is fixed to the boss portion of the grounding wheel 24, which is rotatably provided around the axis of a support shaft 28 provided at the lower end of the.

A drive shaft 30 is rotatably supported at the center of the frame 12, and a sprocket 31 fixed to the drive shaft 30 is provided.
A chain is wound around the support shaft 28 and a fixed sprocket 29, and the base end of a swing arm 27 is rotatably fitted on the drive shaft 30. The grounding wheel 24 side on the tip side swings up and down around the axis of 30. Between the swinging arm 27 and the frame 12, the swinging arm 27 is constantly urged downward on the ground side. By providing the spring 32 for moving, it is adapted to move up and down following the unevenness of the ground, and further below the swing arm 27, the swing arm 27 of the swing arm 27 when the fertilizer application is lifted. A stopper 33 is provided that defines the lowering limit.

Both ends of the drive shaft 30 are connected to fertilizer feeding devices 35, 35, which are provided on the left and right, and are provided with fertilizer feeding devices 35.
The suction side 34 is connected to the outlet 36 of the fertilizer tank 13 by a pipe 37, and each extrusion side 38 is connected by a pipe 39 to the soil cutting blade 17.
The fertilizer pipes 19 on the side are respectively connected.

Therefore, as the aircraft progresses, the grounding wheel at the tip of the swing arm 27
The drive shaft 30 is rotated by the rotation of 24, and each fertilizer feeding device 35 is driven by the rotating drive shaft 30, whereby the viscous liquid fertilizer in the fertilizer tank 13 is transferred to each fertilizer feeding device. Inhaled by 35 and extruded from its extruding side 38, it is advancing while cutting through the soil with the machine body The soil cutting blade 17 The fertilization pipe 19 at the trailing edge The discharge port 20 provided at the end of the rice It will be injected in rows along the traveling direction of the airframe at a depth of 30 to 35 cm, which corresponds to the root system extension. Moreover, this fertilized line waits for the root system to grow at the position after the middle stage of rice growth without any stirring during the subsequent normal plowing of about 13 to 15 cm. By using this fertilizer as a slow-acting viscous liquid fertilizer (paste fertilizer), the runoff after fertilization can be extremely reduced.

As described above, fertilization and injecting work by pulling the soil cutting blade 17 that forms a notch is an untilted hard field scene in which the field is not plowed and is not softened even though a considerable traction force is required. By running the fertilizer application machine in the state of, it is possible to perform stable fertilizer injection to a depth of 30 to 35 cm without slipping the traveling device. Moreover, the fertilizing work can be performed lightly in an uncultivated field when the field scene is extremely soft and hard to work in the extremely hot time as in the conventional topdressing, and when the spring is cool.

The example shown in FIG. 1 is one in which fertilization is performed before plowing in the field, and then plowing / scraping or the like is performed by a plowing work machine or the like in a process different from that. As shown in the figure, a rotary tiller 40 may be mounted behind the fertilizer applicator 1 so that fertilizer application and plowing can be performed simultaneously in one step. Even in this case, the traveling device of the fertilizer application machine not only can travel in a field scene that is not loosened and softened before plowing without slipping, but also combines resistance of the underground cutting blade 17 with rotary tillage. Therefore, it is possible to reliably prevent the occurrence of so-called dashing phenomenon in which the whole body is pushed out in the traveling direction by the reaction force of the soil at the time of rotary tillage, and it is possible to perform stable fertilization and rotary tillage at the same time, which is an extremely significant labor saving. There is.

The rotary tiller 40 shown in FIG. 4 is configured such that the rotary shaft 41 is driven and rotated by a power transmission mechanism (not shown) from the side of the agricultural tractor 2, and a normal tiller mounted on this rotary shaft 41 is used. Due to the blade 42 usually depth B, ie 13
A cultivated surface is formed by cultivating to about 15 cm, and the cultivated soil is made even by a flat plate 44 provided behind the rotary cover 43. In this case, the field after fertilization and cultivating is cultivated. As shown in FIG. 5, the cross section of the viscous liquid fertilizer row 45 is poured at a depth A, that is, a deep layer below the cultivator surface of 30 to 35 cm at a fertilizing interval K.

Since fertilization is performed before seedling planting (before plowing) in this manner, the fertilization interval K between the soil cutting blades 17, 17 facing each other as shown in FIGS. 3 and 5 and It is desirable to adjust the fertilizer application position according to the seedling planting row interval J to be planted at a later date. In FIG. 5, the viscous liquid fertilizers between the adjacent seedling rows a and b and between the c and d are shown in FIG. The row 45 is made to face. In some cases, the number of soil cutting blades 17 may be increased and the fertilization interval K may be arbitrarily narrowed to the lower layer of each strip, or the fertilizer may be entirely fertilized.

Then, in the field that has been previously fertilized to a depth that is a no-till part below the surface of the tiller, the original fertilizer is applied in the same manner as the conventional method, and scraping
Plant seedlings. After the seedlings are planted and grown, and after the middle stage of growth, additional fertilization, commonly known as "hohi," is required. At this time, as shown in Fig. 3, the roots also deeply descend after the middle stage of rice growth. The extended roots reach the viscous liquid fertilizer row 45, which has been pre-injected into the deep layer, and absorb the fertilizer, so that rice grows. As a result, fertilizer efficiency can be increased, and fertilizer can be absorbed efficiently without waste, which can significantly reduce labor and increase revenue.

〔The invention's effect〕

As described above, the present invention, by the soil cutting blade disposed behind the coulter of the fertilizer application, in a non-tilled field scene before planting, deeper than the position to be the cultivator surface, and the middle stage of growing rice. A cut is made to a deep position corresponding to the subsequent extension of the root system, and it is arranged swingably up and down in front of the coulter and always urged downward and provided between a plurality of plate lugs. Since the fertilizer for additional fertilizer is fed from the fertilizer tank while rotating the drive shaft for feeding the fertilizer by the rotation of the grounding ring that is provided on the outer periphery with the rod lug provided, the fertilizer is applied in advance to the deep layer position. It has such an excellent effect.

(1) .In the uncultivated field before planting, make an incision deeper than the plow surface to a deep position where the root system reaches after the middle growth stage of rice, and apply fertilizer for additional fertilization to the deep position to add fertilizer. The work can be performed extremely easily, and the conventional additional fertilization work before heading is unnecessary, and the worker can be freed from severe labor.

(2) .Since the fertilizer for additional fertilization is placed in advance in the deep position where the root system reaches, it is possible to place the fertilizer in the right place and not miss the right time, and it is possible to effectively absorb the fertilizer in the rice. The yield can be easily improved without wasting the fertilizer.

(3). The fertilizer for feeding fertilizer is fed from the fertilizer tank while rotating the drive shaft for feeding fertilizer by using the rotation of the grounding wheel of the fertilizer application, so it is necessary without using a special power source or control device. The amount of fertilizer can be easily fed out, and an additional fertilization work can be performed using an inexpensive fertilizer application device.

(4). A grounding wheel is arranged in the front of the coulter so as to be swingable up and down and is constantly urged downward, and a plurality of plate lugs and a bar lug provided between the plate lugs are provided on the outer periphery thereof. Since it is configured to project on the outer periphery, even in the case of an uncultivated field scene with unevenness before planting, the grounding ring can easily follow the unevenness, ensuring that rotation does not occur Rotation can be imparted to the grounding wheel, and fertilizer for additional fertilization can be reliably injected.

(5). Even in a flexible non-tillage field, multiple plate lugs and rod lugs are projected on the outer circumference, so the grounding wheel is reliably rotated and fertilizer for additional fertilizer is surely applied. be able to.

[Brief description of drawings]

The drawings show one embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 1 is a side view showing a fertilizer application machine, FIG. 2 is an enlarged side view of a portion of the fertilizer application device, and FIG. FIG. 4 is a side view of a main part showing a combination of a fertilizer applicator and a rotary tiller, and FIG. 5 is an operation explanatory view of FIG. 1 ... Fertilizer, 13 ... Fertilizer tank, 17 ... Dirt cutting blade, 19 ...
Fertilizer pipe, 22 ... colter, 24 ... grounding wheel, 25 ... plate rug,
26 ... Rod lug, 30 ... Drive shaft

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A root system in a non-tillage field before planting, which is deeper than the position of the cultivating surface and has a root system after the middle growth stage of rice, by a soil cutting blade disposed behind the coulter of the fertilizer applicator. A rod which is cut to a deep position corresponding to extension and is vertically swingably disposed in front of the coulter and is always urged downward and is provided between a plurality of plate lugs and between the plate lugs. A fertilizer application method for rice cultivation, in which fertilizer for supplemental fertilization is fed out from a fertilizer tank while rotating a drive shaft for feeding fertilizer by rotating a grounding ring projecting a lug on the outer periphery, and the fertilizer is fertilized in advance at the deep position.