JPH0651610B2 - Plant growth promoter - Google Patents

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a plant growth promoter comprising buttermilk.

(Prior Art) Conventionally, plant growth promoters have been used to promote the growth of plants. For example, when the sugar concentration is insufficient due to lack of sunlight in greenhouse melon cultivation, it is sprinkled to increase the sugar concentration, or when uneven growth occurs on the lawn of a golf course, it is sprayed on a poorly growing part, It has been used in various fields such as eliminating uneven growth.

Conventionally, inexpensive saccharides such as glucose and sucrose have been known as the plant growth promoter, but the present invention is the first to use buttermilk containing a large amount of lactose.

On the other hand, buttermilk is a by-product in the production of butter from cow milk, but it has no other use than the use as a bulking agent for skim milk, and valuable resources have been left unutilized. Therefore, the development of applications for buttermilk has long been desired.

(Problems to be Solved by the Invention) The present invention aims to effectively utilize buttermilk, which is a valuable resource, and to provide a novel plant growth promoter having excellent effects that have never been achieved.

[Means for Solving the Problems]

Therefore, the present inventors have conducted various studies on the properties of buttermilk, and in the process, they found that buttermilk has a strong plant growth promoting action, and completed the present invention.

That is, the present invention provides a plant growth promoter comprising buttermilk.

The buttermilk used in the present invention is a by-product obtained when producing butter from milk as described above. That is, in order to produce butter, milk is first subjected to a continuous centrifuge to separate skim milk and cream. Among them, skim milk is mainly used as a dessert and a raw material for yogurt.

The cream is shaken violently, and is separated into butter containing neutral fat and the buttermilk used in the present invention by a so-called charring process. In addition to the above, the buttermilk used in the present invention is produced by adding water to the cream separated from milk and centrifuging again to remove milk components other than fat globules as much as possible, so-called washed cream to produce butter oil. Buttermilk produced as a by-product can also be used.

These buttermilk is an emulsified aqueous solution,
In addition to essential milk components such as lactose and casein, a fat globule film having a function of dispersing milk fat in water is contained.

Buttermilk can be used as a plant growth promoter even when it is in a liquid state, but the milk component contained in the liquid is easily decomposed. Therefore, when it is necessary to store it, it is desirable to make it into a powder form.

The pulverization can be performed by spray drying. Buttermilk powdered by spray-drying is a milk powder-like creamy powder and usually contains 45-50% lactose.

Table 1 shows an example of the composition and pH of powdered buttermilk.

The plant growth promoter of the present invention is completely soluble in water, exhibits a high growth promoting effect, and is not toxic to plants even when sprayed at a high concentration. Since it is obtained from milk, it has an excellent effect that it is harmless to humans and animals.

Therefore, the plant growth promoting agent of the present invention, in greenhouse melon cultivation, when the sugar content is insufficient due to lack of sunlight, it can improve the sugar content by spraying it and prevent a decrease in commercial value, and also a golf course, etc. When uneven growth occurs on the lawn, it can be effectively used in various fields such that the uneven growth can be eliminated by spraying it.

The plant growth promoter of the present invention is suitable as a plant growth promoter for foliar application because lactose contained therein acts as a spreading agent and imparts an appropriate viscosity to the spray liquid. ing.

Further, the plant growth promoter of the present invention is suitable for hydroponics or pebbles cultivation because it has various nutrients necessary for plant growth and has high safety in addition to the above characteristics.

The plant growth promoter of the present invention is another fertilizer such as ammonium sulfate, urea,
It can be used as a mixture with chemical fertilizers such as potassium nitrate, ammonium nitrate, potassium phosphate and ammonium phosphate and various fungicides, insecticides and herbicides. On this occasion,
The mixing method is not particularly limited, but a method of mixing and dissolving these chemical fertilizers and the like in the buttermilk and spray-drying is recommended.

The plant growth promoter of the present invention powdered by spray drying is slightly different depending on the chemical fertilizer or pesticide to be mixed, but is generally a pale yellow to brown hygroscopic powder and stable in a closed container. However, if left open, it easily absorbs moisture to cause a caking phenomenon. In such a case, it is preferable to add a caking inhibitor (eg silica gel). Needless to say, other fertilizer additives can be added if necessary.

〔Example〕

 Hereinafter, the present invention will be specifically described with reference to examples.

Example 1 Fresh milk 15000 was put on a cream separator and centrifuged to obtain fresh cream 1100. The fat content of this fresh cream was 49.5%. Next, this cream was put in butter churn and cherned at 9 ° C. for 30 minutes.

By this operation, 730 buttermilk having a putter and a composition shown in Table 2 was obtained.

This liquid buttermilk directly serves as the plant growth promoter of the present invention.

When this liquid plant growth promoter was diluted 2 times and immediately sprayed on the lawn, it grew very well and an excellent green lawn was obtained.

Example 2 100 plant growth promoters obtained in Example 1, ie, buttermilk, were taken and spray-dried to give 9.2 kg of powdered buttermilk (that is, the plant growth promoter of the present invention) having the composition shown in Table 3. Was obtained.

When 5 kg of the powdered plant growth promoter was dissolved in 100 water and sprayed on a lawn having an area of about 300 tsubo, it was an excellent lawn with a significant difference from the control plot.

Example 3 A 1% tap water solution was prepared from the powdered buttermilk obtained in Example 2. On the other hand, cores from Koryo Shiba Green were planted in a 1 / 50,000 pot filled with sand in late April, and the plant growth promoting liquid was sprayed at 100 m per pot. After one month, the number of stalks of the turf planted in pots, the weight of the erect stems, the weight of the stubborn stems, and the weight of the roots were measured and compared with the control group which was not sprayed.

The results are shown in Table 4.

At the time of planting, fertilizer was applied with 0.3 g of nitrogen, 0.16 g of phosphoric acid, and 0.16 g of potassium per pot.

As a result of observation by a skilled lawn manager, it was found that the color of the foliage was obviously darker in the sprayed section of the plant growth promoting agent of the present invention after about 3 weeks as compared with the control section. In addition, the growth rate was 20% higher than that of the control group, and the growth promoting action on the lawn was recognized. In addition, as shown in Table 5, the root growth was better in the sprayed area of the plant growth promoter of the present invention than in Comparative Examples.

Example 5 Regarding the growth promotion effect of lawn by applying powdered buttermilk, the effect of addition to a hydroponic culture solution and foliar spraying treatment was examined by a hydroponic test. The test turfgrass is Himekourai Shiba. The following 8 plots were provided as test plots.

1 ward, tap water 2 wards, culture broth 3 wards, culture broth + powder buttermilk 500 times 4 wards, culture broth + powder buttermilk 1000 times 5 wards, culture broth + powder buttermilk 2000 times 6 wards, culture broth + powder Buttermilk 500 times foliar spray Example 4 Pentocrossgrass cut with a cutter from the lawn was planted in 15 test pots (diameter 11.5 cm, height 9.5 cm), and immediately Hyponex (nitrogen 10%, phosphorus 3%, potash 3). %)of
After fertilizing each pot with a 1000-fold diluted solution by 100 m, each group was randomly divided into 3 groups and grown for about 1 week (season early April). During the first week, a 1% solution of powdered buttermilk was sprayed onto the first group in 100 m pots, and as a comparative example, 1% sucrose solution was sprayed into the second group and tap water was sprayed into the third group at 100 m per pot. Remove the grass from each pot a month later,
After the root was washed with water, it was air-dried for 3 days, and the weight was measured separately for the foliage and root. The results are shown in Table 5.

7 wards ・ Culture liquid + powder buttermilk 1000 times foliar spray 8 wards ・ Culture fluid + powder buttermilk 2000 times foliar spray

The outline of cultivation is as follows. First, as the turfgrass, a sod obtained from a field with a hole cutter was washed with water to completely remove the soil, and grown in distilled water for 3 days. The culture solution used was hydroponic culture solution of Mr. Kasugai's field crop, and the culture solution was replaced once every 5 days in principle, and was replaced four times in tests 7/8, 14, 19, and 30. Test area 6 ~
In No. 8, foliar spray treatment was carried out by pressure spraying 3 times, 7/8, 19, 30 for 10 m each time.

The test period is 30 days from early May to early June. At the end of the test, the above-ground part was mowed and the dry weight (105
C., dried overnight).

When the culture solution was set to 100, the aboveground growth in the tap water was significantly small.

In the test group in which the powdered buttermilk was added to the nutrient solution, the above-ground growth was inferior to the culture solution group in the 500 times and 1000 times groups of the powdered buttermilk, but the culture solution group was 11% in the 2000 times powdered buttermilk group. It exceeded.

In the foliar application group of powdered buttermilk, the growth amount was higher than that in the culture solution group at 500 times, 1000 times and 2000 times, and the yield index was higher in the treatment group having a lower concentration.

In the treatment test of powdered buttermilk by hydroponic method, the above-ground growth promotion effect of Abies japonicus was higher in the test section treated with foliar spray treatment than in the test section in which the powdered buttermilk was added to the culture solution. Note that, among the three types of concentration settings, the effect was higher in the test section with the lower concentration, so it is possible that the effect is higher at lower concentrations.

500 times that of the test area in which powdered buttermilk was added to the culture solution, 1
The growth rate was inferior to that of the culture solution in the 000-fold group, but this is thought to be due to a large amount of sticky substance adhering to the roots when powdered buttermilk was mixed.

As is clear from Table 6, when powdered buttermilk is sprayed on the leaves of turfgrass, it has a remarkable growth promoting effect on the above-ground parts. Moreover, this effect is strongest when diluted 4000 times with different concentrations, and the promoting effect is lowered at higher or lower concentrations. Further, although the effect of powdered buttermilk is observed when it is added to the culture medium, when powdered buttermilk having a relatively high concentration is added to the culture medium, the growth of turfgrass is rather inhibited. That is, as shown in Table 6, 50
When diluted to 0 to 1000 times, the growth is significantly inhibited as compared with the culture control.

The cause of this inhibition seems to be that high concentration of powdered buttermilk was added to the culture medium, so that the microorganisms propagated in the culture medium covered the roots of turfgrass and inhibited nutrient intake and respiration. Therefore, when the cells were further diluted with the culture medium to 2000 to 6000 times, the above-ground growth of turfgrass was significantly promoted as in the case of foliar application.

The growth promoting effect of the powdered buttermilk on turfgrass shown here is not that the powdered buttermilk acted as a fertilizer. That is, the culture solution shown here sufficiently contains all the nutrients necessary for plant growth, and even if supplemented with fertilizer elements such as nitrogen, phosphate, and potassium, the growth promotion of plants does not occur. No

Table 7 shows the growth-promoting effect of powdered buttermilk on underground areas.
As shown in. 2000-40 as for above ground
The potency peaks when diluted 00-fold. Therefore, it became clear that the growth promoting effect of buttermilk is not limited to the above-ground part.

Example 6 The growth-promoting effect of powdered buttermilk on pentocrossgrass was examined in a pot test.

0.5 g of nitrogen and phosphoric acid as the amount of ingredients per pot
After mixing 1.0 g and 0.66 g of potassium with all layers of the soil, turfgrass was planted.

The test reagents were sprayed on the test plots by spraying 10 m per pot, followed by pressure spraying three times on the 7th, 17th and 27th days, without additional fertilization during the test period, and sprinkling at any time. The period required for this test is 42 days from early May to mid June.
After the test was completed, the entire pot was washed with water, the above-ground portion was cut from the ground portion, and the underground portion was cut off from the root portion extended from the planted sod portion, and the air-dried weight (60 ° C., dried overnight) was measured.

The amount of growth in the above-ground part was 100 to 130 in the powdered buttermilk sprayed group, where the control group was 100, and a clear growth promoting effect was observed. In addition, if the target area in the basement area was 100, the powder buttermilk spraying area was 105 to 125, showing a slight but significant growth promoting effect. However, the Hyponex used as a control did not show any effect even when diluted 500 to 2000 times.

[Effects of the Invention] The plant growth promoter of the present invention is highly soluble in water and has an excellent growth promotion effect, and also has an excellent effect that it is not toxic even when sprayed at a high concentration and has high safety. ing.

Further, the plant growth promoting agent of the present invention leads to effective utilization of buttermilk, which has been conventionally desired to be used in a higher degree, and can be said to have a great effect in this respect.

Claims (6)

[Claims] 1. A plant growth promoter comprising buttermilk. 2. The plant growth promoter according to claim 1, which is liquid. 3. The plant growth promoter according to claim 1, which is in a powder form. 4. The plant growth promoter according to claim 1, which is mixed with a substance that regulates plant growth and / or a preservative. 5. The plant growth promoter according to claim 1, which is for foliar application. 6. The plant growth promoter according to claim 1, which is for mixing cultivation soil.