JPH0616519A - Fertilizer for agricultural and horticultural purposes - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To provide fertilizer for agriculture and horticulture which an accelerate not only the growth of plant roots but also the growth of the aerial part, the increase of chlorophyll amount and crop yield. CONSTITUTION:Phycocyanine pigment is separated from the water extraction of the cell bodies of blue-green algae and the residual liquid is combined with at least one selected from the nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium components to give the objective fertilizer. Since the residual liquid has been disposed until now, the utilization can prevent water pollution.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention contains one or more components selected from nitrogen, phosphoric acid and potassium components in the residual liquid after separating the phycocyanin pigment from the aqueous extract of cyanobacterial algal components. The present invention relates to an agricultural and horticultural fertilizer.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Cyanobacteria, especially spirulina, contains a large amount of useful substances such as nucleic acid-related substances, amino acids, vitamins, minerals and phycocyanin pigments, and therefore is used not only as a health food but also as a phycocyanin pigment source. ing. Phycocyanin dyes usually have an absorption maximum wavelength at 618 nm and are water-soluble and exhibit a vivid blue color. Therefore, they are used as a water-soluble natural colorant for foods such as chewing gum and frozen desserts, or as cosmetics such as eye shadow and lipstick. It is used as a coloring agent for cream, eyeliner, shampoo, emulsion, etc.

Phycocyanin dyes are disclosed, for example, in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No.
It is disclosed in Japanese Patent No. 123865, etc., and basically the following 4
Can be manufactured from the process. Water extraction process of cyanobacterial algal components Centrifuging process Concentration process by ultrafiltration Drying process

[0004]

However, the residual liquid after separation of phycocyanin generated in this step (hereinafter referred to as residual liquid) still contains a large amount of nucleic acid-related substances, amino acids, vitamins, minerals and the like. Despite being
In many cases, this residual liquid is treated with activated sludge and discarded, which causes not only a problem of environmental pollution source but also waste of valuable biomass resources. Therefore, effective reuse of the residual liquid is desired.

On the other hand, in farmland and turf, etc., sales increased,
A large amount of fertilizers and pesticides are sprayed for the purpose of cultivation management such as pest control, which has become a serious problem as a source of environmental pollution such as water pollution. Therefore, the usage of fertilizers and pesticides is being reduced, and in order to grow plants that are resistant to pests, it is desired to develop organic fertilizers that are absorbed by plants more efficiently than conventional fertilizers and that show high effects. It is rare.

[0006]

Means for Solving the Problems In view of such characteristics of cyanobacteria and the above-mentioned problems, the present inventors have conducted diligent research on the residual liquid, and as a result, found that it has an effect of promoting the growth of plants, especially the growth of roots. At the same time as finding it, they succeeded in converting the residual liquid into fertilizer, and completed the present invention.

That is, according to the present invention, nitrogen is added to the residual liquid after separating the phycocyanin pigment from the aqueous extract of cyanobacterial algal components.
The present invention relates to an agricultural and horticultural fertilizer to which one or more components selected from phosphoric acid and potassium component groups are added.

[0008]

[Structure] The cyanobacteria used in the present invention include, for example, Synechococcu (Anabaena), Synechococcus
s), genus Spirulina and the like belonging to the genus Spirulina, cyanobacteria belonging to the genus Spirulina is generally used.

The alga belonging to the genus Spirulina used in the present invention includes, for example, Spirulina platensis (Sp
irulina platensis), Spirulina maxima (Spiruli)
na maxima), Spirulina gei
tleri), Spirulina siami
aese), Spirulina major,
Spirulina princeps, Spirulina Laxiseima, Spirulina subtiliseima,
Examples include Spirulina caldaria, Spirulina curta, and Spirulina spirulinoides. Especially, because they can be artificially cultured, preferred ones are Spirulina platensis, Spirulina maxima, and Spirulina.・ Gay trelli, Spirulina Siamy, etc.

The cyanobacterial algal cells used in the present invention may be either naturally grown ones or artificially cultured ones, but they are usually easily cultivated artificially cultured algal cells. Any of dried alga bodies such as freeze-dried alga bodies and spray-dried alga bodies may be used.

As the extraction solvent for extracting the phycocyanin pigment from the cyanobacterial alga body component, water alone or a mixture of water and a small amount of a buffer component such as phosphoric acid is usually used.

[0012] For example, the residual liquid using 0.1M phosphate buffer solution, the general ash content 55-65%,
Carbohydrates 15 to 30%, crude protein 15 to 20% and crude fat 0.5 to 1.0%. Nitrogen 0.045%, phosphoric acid 0.53% and potassium 0.053 as three elements of fertilizer.
% Liquid containing vitamins, minerals, amino acids, nucleic acid-related substances and other physiologically active substances.

The proportion of the residual liquid in the fertilizer for agricultural and horticultural purposes according to the present invention is usually 25 to 97% (by weight) in the liquid formulation, but preferably 50 to 80% (by weight). The rest,
For example, fertilizer components, minerals and other auxiliaries. Fertilizer components added to the residual liquid include urea, ammonia, calcium nitrate, nitrogen components such as sodium nitrate, monoammonium phosphate, monocalcium phosphate, phosphoric acid components such as phosphoric acid, potassium chloride, potassium sulfate and the like. Potassium ingredients are included. As minerals, iron, magnesium,
Examples thereof include salts of calcium, manganese, boron, molybdenum and the like. Fertilizer components and minerals are optionally added and used according to the target plant. Examples of other auxiliary agents include preservatives such as chitosan, sorbitol, etc., and any auxiliary agents can be used as long as they are commonly used.

Furthermore, by adding a solid carrier, a surfactant, other auxiliary agents and the like to the liquid fertilizer, it can be used in the form of granules and the like. At this time, the ratio of the residual liquid in the fertilizer is usually 18 to 70% (weight), but preferably 35 to 60% (weight). Examples of the solid carrier include clay, talc, bentonite, silica, white carbon and the like. Examples of the surfactant include sodium alkylbenzene sulfonate and sodium alkylsulfonate. Other auxiliary agents include hygroscopic agents,
Any stabilizer that is normally used can be used.

The fertilizer for agricultural and horticultural use according to the present invention, in the case of a liquid agent, is 100 to 5000 times, preferably 250 to 20 times.
It is diluted to 00 times and used, and then applied to plants by methods such as foliage spraying or soil irrigation. In the case of granules, it is applied to the plant at a rate of 10 to 200 g, preferably 50 to 150 g per 1 m ² . By giving the fertilizer to the plant body, the growth of the root portion of the plant body is promoted, the absorption of the fertilizer component is promoted accordingly, and the growth of the above-ground portion, the increase in the amount of chlorophyll, the increase in the yield, etc. are promoted. This effect is superior to conventional fertilizers containing only nitrogen, phosphoric acid, and potassium, or fertilizers obtained by adding amino acids to these three elements.

[0016]

EXAMPLES Next, the present invention will be specifically described with reference to examples and test examples, but the present invention is not limited to the examples. Moreover, "part" in an Example means a weight part.

[Example 1] (Liquid formulation) Residual liquid (solid content 0.9%) 68.7 parts Monoammonium phosphate 1.6 parts Potassium nitrate 10.7 parts Ammonium nitrate 17.0 parts Chitosan 2.0 parts The mixture was mixed well to obtain a fertilizer containing 8% nitrogen, 1.5% phosphoric acid, and 5% potassium as the three elements of the fertilizer.

Example 2 (Liquid formulation) Residual liquid (solid content 0.9%) 74.1 parts Monoammonium phosphate 8.1 parts Potassium nitrate 10.7 parts Ammonium nitrate 5.1 parts Chitosan 2.0 parts The mixture was mixed well to obtain a fertilizer containing nitrogen 5%, phosphoric acid 5.5% and potassium 5% as the three elements of the fertilizer.

[Example 3] (Liquid formulation) Residual liquid (solid content 0.9%) 66.4 parts Monoammonium phosphate 5.3 parts Monopotassium phosphate 20.9 parts Ammonium nitrate 5.4 parts Chitosan 2.0 The above parts were thoroughly mixed to obtain a fertilizer containing 3% nitrogen, 8.5% phosphoric acid and 6% potassium as the three elements of the fertilizer.

Example 4 (Granule) Residual liquid (solid content 0.9%) 18.5 parts Monoammonium phosphate 2.0 parts Potassium nitrate 2.7 parts Ammonium nitrate 1.3 parts Chitosan 0.5 parts White Carbon 9.0 parts Carboxymethyl cellulose 1.0 part After thoroughly kneading the above, granulate with a granulator and dry to obtain 7% of nitrogen, 7.5% of phosphoric acid and 8% of potassium as three elements of fertilizer. 10 to 40 mesh granules were included.

[Test Example 1] Japanese radish (total weight resistant to disease), Chinese cabbage (Kinsho No. 2), Japanese radish (red chime), carrot (5 minutes without time), bok choy (blue emperor)
Was sown in a sowing box, and when one true leaf was developed, it was raised to No. 3 pot. From the 7th day after the pot was raised, the fertilizer diluent prepared according to Example 2 was sprayed 5 times at 7-day intervals with a hand sprayer. The dilution ratio of the fertilizer is as shown in Tables 1 and 2, and the spray water amount was 300 ml / m ² . The amount of growth was examined 7 days after the final application date.

In the comparative example, nitrogen 1 was used as a fertilizer component.
A commercially available fertilizer containing only 0%, phosphoric acid 3%, and potassium 8% (maru swallow liquid fertilizer No. 3, manufactured by Mitsui Toatsu Fertilizer Co., Ltd.) is used, and ND in the table indicates unexamined.

[0023]

[Table 1]

[0024]

[Table 2]

As shown in Tables 1 and 2, when the fertilizer was treated, the growth of the underground part and the growth of the above-ground part were promoted, and the number of leaves was increased depending on the crops. The growth promotion effect of the underground part was relatively higher than that of the above-ground part, and the characteristics of the residual liquid after separation of the phycocyanin pigment were utilized. The effect of this fertilizer was superior to the fertilizer containing only nitrogen, phosphoric acid and potassium.

[Test Example 2] Cabbage (early autumn), shungiku (satoyutaka), petunia, and shishito (blue tou) were sown in a sowing box, and when one true leaf was developed, it was raised to a No. 3 pot. From the 7th day after the potting, the diluted solution of the fertilizer prepared according to Example 2 was irrigated with soil from the stock 5 times at 7-day intervals. The dilution ratio of the fertilizer is as shown in Tables 3 and 4, and the sprayed water amount was 1000 ml / m ² . The amount of growth was examined 7 days after the final application date.

In the comparative example, nitrogen 5 was used as a fertilizer component.
%, Phosphoric acid 4%, potassium 5% and amino acid are used, a commercially available fertilizer (Liper No. 2, Chuo Kasei Co., Ltd.) is used, and the amount of chlorophyll in the table is shown as a SPAD value, and ND is Indicates unexamined.

[0028]

[Table 3]

[0029]

[Table 4]

As shown in Tables 3 and 4, the treatment of this fertilizer promoted the growth of the underground part and the growth of the above-ground part. In addition, the amount of chlorophyll increased, and the plant became darker in green. The growth promotion effect of the underground part was relatively higher than that of the above-ground part, and the characteristics of the residual liquid after separation of the phycocyanin pigment were utilized. The effect of this fertilizer was superior to the fertilizer in which amino acids were added to the three elements of nitrogen, phosphoric acid and potassium.

[Test Example 3] Seeding box for bok choy (blue emperor), cabbage (early autumn), corn (honey bantam), cucumber (northern), eggplant (thousands 2), Chinese cabbage (orange queen), lettuce (cisco) The seeds were sown in (1), and when one true leaf was developed, it was raised to No. 3 pot. After that, the plants were cultivated until a suitable period for planting, and planted in a field. From the 7th day after planting, the diluted solution of the fertilizer prepared according to Example 2 was irrigated with soil from the plant roots 10 times at 7-day intervals. On the other hand, spinach (magic), turnip (swan), and carrot (summer smelt red five-dimension) were sown or planted directly in the field. In some cases, the fertilizer diluent prepared according to Example 1 was soil-irrigated into the plant root 10 times at 7-day intervals from when the plant height reached about 15 cm. The fertilizer dilution ratios are as shown in Tables 5 to 7, and the amount of sprayed water was 1000 ml / m ² . The amount of growth was examined 7 days after the final application. In the comparative example, a commercially available fertilizer containing 5% nitrogen, 4% phosphoric acid, 5% potassium and amino acid as a fertilizer component (Liper No. 2 manufactured by Chuo Kasei Co., Ltd.)
ND is used in the table, and above-ground weight, underground weight, and yield of crops are 1 for * 1.
The value per ward (1.5 m ² ) is shown, and the other values are shown per share.

[0032]

[Table 5]

[0033]

[Table 6]

[0034]

[Table 7]

As shown in Tables 5 to 7, the treatment of the fertilizer promoted the growth of the underground part and the growth of the above-ground part. The yield was much higher than that of the untreated plot, and both the size and the number increased. This fertilizer treatment showed a growth promoting effect on fruit vegetables, leaf vegetables, and root vegetables, and the effect was superior to that of fertilizers in which amino acids were added to the three elements of nitrogen, phosphoric acid, and potassium.

[Test Example 4] Cabbage (early autumn), lettuce (cisco), and marigold were sown in a seeding box, and when one true leaf was developed, the pot was raised to No. 3 pot. From the 7th day after potting, the granular fertilizer prepared as shown in Example 4 was sown to the stock 5 times at 7-day intervals. The amount of fertilizer applied is shown in Table 8. The growth amount was investigated 7 days after the final treatment day.

[0037]

[Table 8]

As shown in Table 8, the treatment of this fertilizer promoted the growth of the underground part and the growth of the above-ground part. The growth promotion effect of the underground part was relatively higher than that of the above-ground part, and the characteristics of the residual liquid after separation of the phycocyanin pigment were utilized.

[0039]

EFFECT OF THE INVENTION A fertilizer prepared by adding one or more components selected from nitrogen, phosphoric acid and potassium components to the residual liquid obtained after separating the phycocyanin pigment from the aqueous extract of cyanobacterial alga body components. When given to a plant, not only the growth of the root of the plant but also the growth of the above-ground part, the increase in the amount of chlorophyll, the increase in the yield, etc. are promoted. In addition, reuse of the residual liquid that has been discarded so far can contribute to prevention of water pollution.

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. An agricultural and horticultural technique in which one or more components selected from nitrogen, phosphoric acid, and potassium component groups are added to the residual liquid after separating the phycocyanin pigment from the aqueous extract of cyanobacterial alga body components. Fertilizer. 2. The agricultural and horticultural fertilizer according to claim 1, wherein the cyanobacteria is Spirulina.