JPH06508065A - Device for removing undesirable substances from fluids - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] Apparatus for removing undesirable substances from a fluid The present invention is a device for removing undesirable substances from a fluid. Relating to apparatus and methods for removing a wide range of undesirable substances from fluids, in particular The present invention relates to an apparatus and method for removing.

Liquids such as water contain, for example, particles, dissolved minerals and other chemicals and pathogenic bacteria. Teriyara and Legionella and/or Mycoplasma may contain many different types of undesirable substances, including microorganisms such as Ru. In various environments, these substances must be removed before using the fluid. No. For example, in some environments it is desirable to increase the amount of moisture in the air. . This method is better known as humidification and is performed by a device called a humidifier. will be carried out. If impure water is used in the humidification process, It clogs humidifiers and harms those who breathe the humidified air. Therefore, water is It must be purified before being discharged into the air by a humidification process.

Ideally, a device for removing this wide range of contaminants would be able to remove a variety of contaminants. complex multi-part and/or multi-stage equipment (single, small Has a lightweight self-contained device. Such devices are less complex than Not only is it more reliable, it is also cheaper and more compact. mounted on an aircraft Highly compact for use in humidification applications with high reliability and long service life Requires fast and lightweight equipment.

Accordingly, the present invention has a side wall, an inlet and an outlet, and a liquid flow path between the inlet and the outlet. a housing defining a purification material; between the side wall of the housing and the purification bed, and the area around the housing. a filter disposed in the area, the filter having a diameter of approximately 0.8 micrometers. Liquid flow downstream from the purification bed to remove microorganisms with a stringent pore rating of providing a device for removing undesirable substances from liquids located in the passageway; Ru1, Further, the present invention has an inlet and an outlet, and defines a liquid flow path between the inlet and the outlet. a housing for a liquid stream M disposed within the housing and containing particles of purified material; , a purification bed including a plurality of separators that divide the purified material into a plurality of portions; Each of the pallets has a flow opening that allows liquid to flow from one purification section to the other purification section. and the separators and flow openings are arranged to lengthen the flow path through the purification bed. The purification bed is made of activated carbon, thereby increasing the rate of liquid flowing through the bed. and a second region containing an ion exchange resin. , a device for removing undesirable substances from a liquid downstream of the flow path from activated carbon. I will provide a.

Further, the present invention has an inlet and an outlet, and defines a liquid flow path between the inlet and the outlet. a housing disposed within the housing of the liquid flow path and containing particles of purified material; multiple squeeze-fits within the housing to divide the refined material into multiple parts. a refining bed containing separators, each of the separators having a the other purification section has a flow opening that allows the liquid to flow, the separator and the flow opening They are arranged to lengthen the passageways and allow even distribution of fluid through the purification bed. An apparatus is provided for removing undesirable substances from a liquid that is arranged to .

The present invention further provides steps for disposing a first layer of a first purified material in a housing; The separator plate contacts the first purified material and compresses it. and forcing the plate into the housing by a first squeeze fit. A method of manufacturing a device for removing undesirable substances is provided.

Embodiments of the invention provide several advantages. For example, a device implementing the invention and the method removes a wide range of undesirable substances. The purification bed has a large number of melted The filter works to remove harmful bacteria and minerals and other chemicals. and microbial contaminants such as Legionella and Mycoplasma species. It works like this. Furthermore, the apparatus and method for carrying out the invention can be used in large quantities without making a mess. removes a wide range of undesirable substances from liquids. filter around the housing positioning increases the surface area and extends the useful operating life of the device. It works like this. Furthermore, the apparatus implementing the invention is highly simple and reliable. , easy to manufacture and manufactured in use with a humidifier.

FIG. 1 is a side cross-sectional view of a preferred embodiment of a device made in accordance with the present invention.

Figures 2a and 2b are drawings of two adjacent separator plates in Figure 1; be.

Figures 3a and 3b are illustrations of other embodiments of two adjacent separator plates. It is a surface.

Figures 4a, 4b, 5a and 5b show that adjacent separator plates It is a drawing of another Example.

Referring to FIG. 1, an exemplary apparatus 1 includes an inlet 2 for receiving liquid and an inlet 2 for receiving liquid. It includes a housing 11 having an outlet 3 for evacuation. The housing 11 is circular A cylindrical shape is preferred, but other shapes such as a parallelepiped are also possible. Housing 11 is preferably made from polypropylene, but other polymers or sheets Can be made of sufficiently rigid, impermeable materials including metals. Housing 1 1 is a flow path through which liquid flows (indicated by an arrow) between an inlet 2 and an outlet 3 form 18. The flow path 18 runs from the inlet 2 to the outlet 3 through the US refining mechanism. It is growing.

The inlet filter 4 is located directly adjacent to the inlet 2 at one end of the filter housing 11. It is located within the passageway 18. [1] The filter 4 is attached to the inner wall 8 of the housing 11. rests on a perforated plate mounted against it along and pressed by pressure are doing. The inlet filter 4 has dimensions slightly larger than the inner wall 8 and is attached to the inner wall 8. It is attached by a force fit and sealed against the inner wall 8 by a tie fit. another Alternatively, the filter 4 may be sealed against the inner wall by a sealing material.

The inlet filter 4 has a filter element with a high dirt capacity fi (DHC) depth, and this The members are formed into a late, circular pad, with an upstream woven screen and a downstream Woven screen, for example 30X30X, interposed between 010 screen It will be done. , HDC material consists of a large amount of non-woven synthetic polymer microfibers (e.g. woven or non-woven fibers such as propylene microfibers).

Preferably, the HDC media has an effective pore rating of about 2 μm and a uniform pore structure. (or the pore size is continuous, i.e. the filter pad may have It may have a stepwise pore structure that decreases stepwise from upstream to downstream.

The inlet filter 4 removes large amounts of particles from the liquid before it enters the purification bed 17. Acts as a preliminary filter. As a result, it can have any other suitable structure. Can also be done. For example, the filter pad may be pleated and the filter pad may be pleated. The material may have a perforated thin film. However, at the end of the housing 1 Limited surface area and excellent waste capacity and HDC depth depth available in 23mm AHD media is preferred due to the router's service life. In addition, the filter pack The effective pore rating of the It may be different from 2 μm as long as it is suitable for removing contaminants. difference Additionally, - the upstream and downstream screens are configured to prevent liquid over the upstream surface of the filter batt. Appropriately open holes are formed to evenly distribute the material, or rough material is used. Other configurations may also be used to uniformly drain liquid from the downstream face of the filter bed.

It has a larger or smaller mesh size and has a non-woven material.

A purification bed 17 is located in the flow path 18 downstream from the inlet filter 4 . purification The bed 17 contains at least one purification material, i.e. one or more purification materials from the fluid. Contains materials that remove substances. Preferably, the purification bed 17 is configured such that each region of the purification bed 17 It has a plurality of refining materials arranged in it.

In the illustrated embodiment, the purification bed 17 is arranged in two areas of the bed, respectively. Contains two refined materials. The two purification materials are activated carbon and ion exchange resin. , the activated carbon is placed in the upstream region and the ion exchange resin is placed in the large downstream region. It is placed. Activated carbon area has a residual amount that prevents the action of ion exchange resin from liquid removes chlorine-containing chemicals. The area of ion exchange resin removes the humidifier from the liquid. Removes dissolved minerals that stain. In a preferred embodiment, the ion exchange resin is Monobeds such as the Amberlite MB-1 available from Ham & Haas Consists of resin.

The refining material is loaded into the refining bed 17 in the form of free particles, compacting the bed compressed for Particle size depends on the type of purification material and the fluid design parameters of the purification bed. It changes depending on the parameter. For example, in the illustrated embodiment, activated carbon particles are , 12X28 mesh range, and the particles of ion exchange resin are approximately 0.5 mm. It's the size. Alternatively, particles of purified material may be prepared by several known methods. and will not be able to move. For example, refined materials that expand when they get wet Particles cannot move within the fiber matrix. Do not move refined materials This and other techniques for reducing ing.

Conventional purification beds reduce their ability to be used in applications requiring low flow rates. It has been found that there are a number of limiting drawbacks. One problem is channel formation It is. Channel formation is the process by which slow liquids follow specific channels through the purification bed. This is a phenomenon in which the absorbent material flows according to this direction and comes into contact with only a small portion of the purified absorbent material.

The efficiency and useful life of the purification bed can be improved by incorporating a series of separators into the purification bed. It can be greatly increased. A separator separates a purification bed into two or more purification sections. By dividing and lengthening the liquid flow path through the purification bed, At a given flow rate, the rate of liquid through the purification bed can be increased. Next, the liquid Minimizes channeling of liquid through the purification bed by increasing body velocity can do. Furthermore, the separator passes from one purification section through the purification bed. It can be designed to uniformly scatter or distribute the liquid flow from one part to the next. preferable. by minimizing channel formation and evenly distributing the flow. Thus, the separator maximizes the amount of purified material that contacts the liquid.

Separators can be formed in various shapes to lengthen the flow path through the purification bed. be able to. For example, in the embodiment of FIGS. 1 and 2, the separator is a flat plate 5 arranged parallel to the housing 11 and parallel to the inlet filter 4; has. In a cylindrical housing, a separator plate is installed as shown in Figure 2a. The plate 5 is usually circular and has a separator plate in a parallelepiped housing. Part 5 is rectangular. The separator plates 5 are closely spaced within the housing 11. are evenly spaced, greatly increasing the length of the flow passages 18 and thus reducing the purification bed Increase the velocity of the liquid through 17. defined by separator plate 5 The purified portion has multiple parallel layers of purified material. Preferably, the purification bed 17 is activated. The carbon region contains the first layer 17a, and the ion exchange resin region of the purification bed 17 contains the remaining Contains layers.

The separator plate 5 is preferably manufactured from sheet metal, but Compatible with a number of sufficiently rigid, impermeable materials including polymers such as polypropylene It can be manufactured from. Each separator plate 5 is formed on the inner wall of the housing 11. For example, approximately 0.20 inches (0.0508 centimeters) cm) is larger. This means that the separator plate 5 is on the inner wall of the 11 housing. 8 by pressure, and the separator plate 5 and the nozzle forming a tight fit with the inner wall of the ring 11 and requiring a separate seal. Avoid. A cylindrical housing with circular separator plates is preferred.

This is because this shape fits the inner housing wall and the outer circumference of the separator plate. Creates a uniform pressure applied between all parts and parts to ensure a tight seal Because it does. The pressure at which the separator plate 5 fits into the housing 11 depends on the installation. The grooves are formed on the inner wall 8 of the housing and the separator 1. This prevents formation along the plate 5. Detour around the layer of purified material The separator plate 5 and the inner wall 8 of the housing provide a seal, e.g. RTV silicone seal, or e.g. weld There is no need for permanent fixation.

The purification bed 17 is pressed along the inner wall 8 of the housing 11 until it is properly positioned. It is formed by pressing the first separator plate 5a by force. suitable Particles of a purified material, e.g. activated carbon, are first deposited in a negative manner on a separator plate t-5a. is applied to form a first layer of purified material 17a. Second separator plate 5b the housing until it contacts the first layer of purified material 17a and compresses it appropriately. It is pushed along the inner wall of the ring 11 by pressure. Purification materials, e.g. ion exchange A second layer of resin particles is loaded onto the second separator plate. This method is This continues until the entire purification bed 17 is formed. .

To flow fluid through the purification section, each separator has one or more openings. [Contains 1 copy. The separators and their openings can be used to separate purification beds in a variety of ways. arranged to flow fluid through, but continuously through all purification sections. Preferably, it is arranged in fluid flow. This is the length of the flow path through the refinery bed. Maximize the speed and velocity of liquid through each purification section.

In the embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the opening of the separator plate 5 is A hole 7 located along one edge of the plate 5. This separator plate 5, the holes 7 in each successive plate are arranged alternately from one side of the floor 17 to the other. i.e. shifted by 180 degrees from one plate 5 to the next. Ru. In the rectangular separator plate 5 shown in FIG. 2b, flow holes 7 are provided in each layer. A uniform flow can be distributed through the disposed refining material. one separate Each flow hole 7 of the data plate 5 is connected to a corresponding flow hole 7 of the adjacent plate 5. Equal distances from hole 7. Therefore, only a single type of separator plate 5 should be manufactured. Because by reversing the separator plate This is because the flow holes 7 can be arranged alternately from one side to the other. .

Of course, other configurations of separators and openings are possible. Peripheral separator tape The plate has flow holes located around the periphery of the plate and a central separator plate. The plate has a flow hole located in the center of the plate. Separation in peripheral direction and center The data plates are arranged alternately through the purification bed in a plane parallel to the population filter. . Flow passages run in opposite directions from the center of the central plate and in adjacent circumferential separations. The flow hole of the separator plate in the circumferential direction extends to the periphery of the data plate in the axial direction. through, then axially through flow holes 7 in the central separator plate etc. Flow in the opposite direction to the center of the separator plate. In this way, channel formation (The location of the flow holes should be Ensures a uniform distribution of liquid flow through the bulk absorbent material.

This device can be applied to cylindrical or hexahedral filter housings. Wear. FIG. 3a shows a first circular separator plate having a plurality of peripheral flow holes; , a second circular shape with a central flow hole applied to the cylindrical filter housing 11 A separator plate is shown. These multiple peripheral flow holes all have the same dimensions. , equally spaced from each other and equal distance from the central holes of adjacent separator plates. Far apart. This configuration allows all of the purified materials placed in each layer to A uniform flow can be formed. Additionally, multiple peripheral holes are in contact with the liquid. , helps ensure uniform flow of liquid through each layer. In this configuration, the liquid axially through the central hole of one plate and radially through the purification layer. It flows outwardly and into the peripheral flow holes of the next plate. Next, the liquid Flows axially through the flow holes in the rim to the next layer, then radially inward through the purification layer flows into the center hole of the next plate. In this way, a uniform flow of the liquid through each purification layer A good flow is achieved.

FIG. 3b shows, in particular, a pair of separators used in a hexahedral filter housing 11. Shows the tap plate. Figure 3b shows the separator plates arranged along the center line. a first separator plate having a row of central holes along opposite edges of the plate; a second separator plate having a plurality of peripheral flow holes disposed such that ing. Peripheral flow holes are all the same size, equally spaced from each other, and equal distance from the center line of the With this configuration, the liquid can be axially through the row of holes in the center of the plate, through the refining layer and into the next plate. Circumferential flow holes aligned along one side edge outward in the opposite direction flows to The liquid then flows axially to the next layer through flow holes in the periphery of the side walls. and then flows inward through the purification layer to the next column in the middle of the next plate. like this A uniform flow of liquid through each purification layer is achieved.

The separator plate is placed in the housing at right angles to the input filter. ing. A third embodiment also includes a cylindrical or hexahedral filter housing. 11 In a cylindrical housing adapted to be applied to either The rotor has a circular cylinder which is supported by opposing circular plates. The filter is coaxially disposed within a housing perpendicular to the filter.

This separator can be placed at equal or unequal distances along the radius of the housing. It is located in The purified absorption part is placed between adjacent separators. It has a circular cylinder of material. Flow opening is unidirectional through one purification section Directs the liquid flow axially through the adjacent section and then axially in the opposite direction through the adjacent section. It is provided on the separator and the opposing cap so that the In addition, liquid The body passes sequentially from the central purified part to the outer part or vice versa.

In the case of a hexahedral housing, the separator is perpendicular to the inlet filter and facing A flat plate placed parallel to the housing covered by a plate that have Next, the purification part is placed between adjacent separator plates. Consists of layers of material. Flow openings are unidirectional through one purification layer, adjacent Separator plates and opposing plates to direct liquid flow in opposite directions through the purification layer located on the cap.

In these embodiments, the length of the flow path is increased, thus increasing the velocity of the liquid through the bed. Partitioned to increase temperature and minimize channeling of liquid through the bed has been done. At the same time, the flow through the purification bed ensures maximum contact between the liquid and the purification material. distributed as uniformly as possible to allow for

Other embodiments are also possible. For example, the flow opening has one or more slots. . The slots on the outer periphery of the separator plate 5 are connected to the flow holes of the separator plate 5. serve the same purpose. Alternatively, the separator plate has slots that flow It is made to extend around the periphery around which the holes are located. Figures 2 and 3 FIGS. 4 and 5 (corresponding to the figures) show that one or more extension slots Figure 3 shows the flow holes of the first and second embodiments being exchanged by the Figures 4 and 5 The embodiment shown in FIG. 1 eliminates the step of manufacturing the drill holes in the separator plate.

The bed outlet r1 filter 9 is connected to a flow path downstream of the purification bed 17, for example, to the inlet filter 4. are located at opposite ends of the housing 11. The bed outlet filter 9 is the purification bed 1 7 removes particles contained in the liquid as well as small particles passing through the inlet filter 4 It works like this. The floor outlet filter 9 is very similar to the inlet filter 4, but Preferably it has a small pore rating, for example an effective pore rating of 0.5 parts m. Therefore , floor protrusion] The filter 9 is an HDC depth filter formed on a flat circular pad. It is sandwiched between upstream and downstream woven screens. Shude Roff The filter 9 is force fit into the inner housing wall 8 on the top side of the final separator. It is preferable. By making the filter 9 slightly thicker, Filter 9 is sealed against inner wall 8 of housing 11 by a squeeze fit. Yes The hole cap is the inner housing on the top of the outlet filter 9 on the floor! 8.

Liquid exiting from the filter 9 passes through the end groove 10 to the outer periphery of the housing 11. , and flows along the outer wall 15 of the housing 11 into the circumferential groove 13 . Peripheral groove 13 are preferably arranged around the entire periphery of the device 1.

A filter 15 for removing microorganisms is provided around the housing 11. 1. In the illustrated embodiment, the microbial filter 15 is The inner wall 8.14 of the housing 11 is arranged between the inner wall 8.14 of the housing 11 and the outer wall 8.14. RTV silicone or other suitable bolt between the flanges extending between the It is sealed with a sealing material such as a patting material. Peripheral chamber 1 The liquid entering 3 passes through the microbial filter 15 to the outlet between the filter 15 and the inner wall 8. 1 enters the chamber 16 and exits the device 1 through the outlet 3.

Microbial filters are constructed in a variety of shapes. For example, the filter is axially Preferably, the pleats are extended. around the periphery of the housing 11. By arranging the biological filter 15, the surface area of the filter is increased and the filter The surface area can be further increased by pleating the material. this is an important advantage. The large surface area of the microbial filter 15 extends the useful life of the device 1. to extend very much.

Furthermore, the microorganism filter 15 has a pore size that effectively prevents passage of microorganisms. Contains a porous thin film. To remove microorganisms, the filter 15 is approximately 0°8 Preferably, it has a strict pore rating of µm or less. For example, a porous thin film may be approximately 0 -Has a porous nylon or PVDF thin film with a tight efficiency of 1 μm.

Furthermore, the microbial filter 15 has a pore size larger than the 0.1 μm porous thin film. and includes a porous element disposed upstream of the porous membrane. This perforated element The fiber depth range is, for example, 0.45 μm or more preferably a thin sheet. The fiber filter material has a second porous membrane with a strict pore rating. depth fi The ruta material has a pore structure such as -. More preferably, the effective pore rating is that of the sheet. It has a sloped hole structure that decreases from the upstream side to the downstream side. In a preferred embodiment, At least a portion of the filter root has a diameter in the range of 155 μm to 0.35 μm. Has a valid hole rating. Effective membranes and fibrous sheets can be used in one-stream and downstream supports. and discharge material as an integral composite, and then a microbial filter 15. Preferably, the pleats are formed to form.

The increased surface area of the peripherally pleated filter 15 and the varying pore size Shape removes large numbers of microorganisms and particles while slowing down fouling as much as possible It has been proven to be highly effective. Furthermore, the microbial filter 15 11, so a large surface area is available for mounting on the filter. The operating life can be greatly increased without increasing the size of the housing 1 too much. . The compact size of the device is very advantageous in aerospheric applications, with low resulting in manufacturing costs.

In operation, this device dissipates 6 pounds of water per hour for 300 hours. Refining or minerals with water dissolved throughout 500 pieces per million The initial purity is maintained at a level of 0.5 mg per liter. Ru. This device is a water demineralizer that removes large numbers of microorganisms from desalinated runoff water. Particularly suitable for use as a

FIG, 2a FIG, 2b Submission of translation of written amendment Heisei! February - g day

Claims (23)

[Claims] 1. a housing having a sidewall, an inlet and an outlet defining a liquid flow path between the inlet and the outlet; Zing and a purification bed disposed within the housing of the liquid flow path and containing a purification material; and a housing. filter placed approximately around the perimeter of the housing, between the side wall of the filter and the purification bed. and the filter has a strict pore rating of about 0.8 micrometers or less. and is placed in the liquid flow path downstream from the purification bed to remove microorganisms. A device for removing undesirable substances from. 2. 2. The device of claim 1, wherein the filter is disposed all around the housing. Place. 3. Claim: wherein the housing is cylindrical and the liquid flows radially through the filter. 2. The device according to 2. 4. 2. The device of claim 1, wherein the filter is pleated. 5. at least first and second porous elements, the first porous element the second porous element is disposed upstream from the second porous element; 2. The apparatus of claim 1 having a larger hole rating. 6. The first porous element has pores ranging from about 0.55 μm to about 0.35 μm. wherein the second porous element has a pore rating of about 0.1 μm. 5. The device according to 5. 7. a housing having an inlet and an outlet and defining a liquid flow path between the inlet and the outlet; and, disposed within the housing of the liquid flow path and containing particles of purified material; and a purification bed containing a plurality of separators dividing into a number of parts, each of the separators has a flow opening that allows liquid to flow from one purification section to another, and has a separate The tanks and flow openings are arranged to lengthen the flow path through the purification bed, thereby to increase the velocity of liquid flowing through the bed, and the purification bed has a first region containing activated carbon. and a second region comprising an ionic resin, the ion exchange resin comprising activated carbon. device for removing undesirable substances from a liquid downstream of a liquid flow path. 8. 8. Apparatus according to claim 7, wherein the particles of purified material are compressed. 9. 8. Apparatus according to claim 7, wherein the particles of purified material are prevented from moving. 10. The separator has a separator that divides the purified material into multiple layers, and the purified material at least one layer of the purified material comprises activated carbon; 8. The device of claim 7, wherein the layer comprises an ion exchange resin. 11. The separator has a separator plate, and the separator plate is connected to the housing. 8. The device of claim 7, wherein the device is pressure fit within the housing wall and forms a squeeze fit in the housing wall. Place. 12. a first filter disposed in the liquid flow path upstream from the purification bed; a second filter disposed in the downstream liquid flow path and a second filter disposed around the housing; a third filter disposed in the liquid flow path downstream from the filter; The ruta is pleated and has strict pore size of 0.8 μm or less to remove microorganisms. 8. The device according to claim 7. 13. A housing having an inlet and an outlet and defining a liquid flow path between the inlet and the outlet. and disposed within the housing of the liquid flow path and containing particles of purified material; Contains multiple separators squeeze-fitted into the housing to divide it into several parts. and a refining bed, each of the separators having a refining bed from one refining section to the other refining section. The separator and the flow opening are configured to lengthen the flow path. The purification beds are arranged in such a way that they can evenly distribute the fluid through the purification bed. A device that removes undesirable substances from liquids. 14. Uniform pressure between the housing and all points along the circumference of each separator 14. The device according to claim 13, wherein: 15. 14. Each separator has a circular separator plate. Device. 16. The separator is pressed into the housing and compressed against the purified material. The device according to item 13. 17. Flow openings are arranged alternately along both sides of a continuous separator. The device according to item 13. 18. The flow openings are arranged alternately between the center and the periphery of the continuous separator. 14. The device according to claim 13. 19. placing a first layer of a first purified material in a housing; and a separator plate. The separator plate is heated until the rate contacts the first purified material and compresses it. pushing the housing into the housing by a first squeeze fit. A method of manufacturing a device for removing harmful substances. 20. placing a second layer of a second refined material in the housing on top of the first plate; The process of the separator until the separator plate contacts the second purified material and compresses it. a process of pushing the plate into the housing by a second squeeze fit. A method of manufacturing a device for removing undesirable substances from water. 21. placing a third layer of second purified material in the housing on top of the second plate; The process of the separator until the separator plate contacts the second purified material and compresses it. pushing the plate into the filter housing by means of a third squeeze fit; A method of manufacturing a device for removing undesirable substances from a liquid containing liquids. 22. The first purification material includes activated carbon, and the second purification material includes an ion exchange resin. 21. The method of claim 20. 23. The first tight fit separator plate is circular and the housing is cylindrical and a housing along the outer periphery of the first separator plate forming a tight fit. 20. The method of claim 19, wherein a uniform pressure is applied between the rod and all points.