JPH0646684A - Material for agricultural use - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To provide a light-quality converting material for agricultural use, containing a pigment having a specific absorption peak wavelength, useful for the culture in a plastic greenhouse and giving fruits, flowers, etc., having high quality in a short time in high yield. CONSTITUTION:The objective material is produced by applying a pigment having an absorption peak wavelength of 380-500nm (e.g. Direct Fast Yellow GC and Direct Fast Orange) to a film, plate, woven fabric, etc., of polyethylene, polycarbonate, ethylcellulose polymer, etc., by coating, impregnation, etc., to form a pigment-containing synthetic resin layer having a thickness of preferably 30-150mum.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an agricultural light quality conversion material having a function of converting a light spectrum into an effective light spectrum for promoting plant growth.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In recent years, institutional horticulture for cultivating useful plants in greenhouses or tunnels has become widespread, and compared to open-field cultivation, the yield and quality are dramatically improved, which is important for a stable supply of vegetables and fruits. Is playing a different role.
The greatest significance of institutional cultivation is to keep the heat inside the house and tunnel, and to protect the plants from damages such as rain, wind, insects, etc. Therefore, for vegetables, seasonal cultivation to year-round cultivation, pear, Fruit trees such as mandarin oranges, grapes, oysters, and apples are beginning to be harvested in good shape with high sugar content. On the other hand, after gardening became widely practiced,
Attempts have been made to increase the yield and improve the quality of the sunlight to convert the spectrum of sunlight into an advantageous form for photosynthesis of plants or production of growth active materials. Not obtained.

[0003]

DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION The present invention provides an agricultural light quality conversion material having a function of converting the spectrum of light in facility cultivation of useful plants into an effective light spectrum for promoting plant growth. That is the purpose.

[0004]

The present invention has an absorption maximum of 3
A light quality conversion material for agriculture, which comprises at least one pigment having a wavelength of 80 to 500 nm.

Examples of the dye include direct fast yellow GC, direct fast orange, milling yellow O, cation yellow 3G, cation golden yellow GL, cation yellow 5GL, cation orange R, cation brown 3GL, cation red G.
TL, Bat Yellow GCN, Disperse First Yellow G, Disperse Yellow 5G, Disperse Golden Yellow GG, Disperse Yellow RL,
Disperse Yellow 3G, Disperse Orange B,
Disperse Brown 2R, Solvent Fast Yellow 3RE (Zapon fast yellow 3RE) Acid Yello
w 40, dyes such as Spilon Yellow GRLH special, Fast Yellow G, Fast Yellow 10G, Disazo Yellow AAA, Disazo Yellow AAMX, Disazo Yellow AAOT, Disazo Yellow AOAA,
Flavanthlon yellow, yellow lead, cadmium yellow,
Yellow iron oxide, titanium yellow, disazo yellow AAP
T, Disazo Yellow H10G, Disazo Yellow H
R, Chromophthal Yellow GR, Fast Yellow FG
L, Fast Arrow 10GX, Metin Yellow, Sunset Yellow Rake, Anthrapyrimidine Yellow,
Isoindoline yellow G, isoindoline yellow R, copper azomethine yellow, benzimidazolone yellow H2G, quinophthalone yellow, nickel dioxine yellow, C.I. I. Direct Yellow 50, C.I. I. A
cid Yellow 17, C.I. I. Acid Yellow 99, C.I.
I. AcidOrange 74, diarylide yellow H10
Pigments such as G and dialylide HR are mentioned.

The dye itself is light-stable, or it is stable enough to be stabilized by a light stabilizer, such as an ultraviolet absorber, an antioxidant, an additive such as a singlet oxygen quencher, and the like. Must.

[0007] Specifically, the retention rate of the absorption intensity of the dye after the light conversion material of the present invention is installed inside a UV cut film that absorbs near-ultraviolet light having a wavelength of 400 nm or less and exposed to sunlight for 1 year Preferably 50% is required.

In the present invention, the material is, for example, a film, a plate, a net, a woven fabric, a non-woven fabric, etc., and those materials are, for example, (soft, semi-rigid, hard) PVC; polyethylene; polypropylene; polyvinyl alcohol; polyvinyl acrylate. Polyvinyl methacrylate; Polyvinylidene chloride; Polyacrylonitrile; Polybutadiene; Polystyrene; Ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer; Vinyl chloride-vinyl acetate copolymer; Polyvinyl butyral; Polyvinyl formal; Polyester such as PET, PBT; Polyarylate; Polycarbonate Polyester carbonate; Phenoxy resin; Nylon 6, Nylon 6/6, Nylon 11, Nylon 12, MXD6
Polyamide such as nylon; polydimethylsiloxane;
Polytrimethylsilylpropyne; polyurethane; ionomers; cellophane; polyethylene cellophane; cellulose acetate; cellulose propionate; ethyl cellulose; nitrocellulose and other soft, hard resins, cellulose and other natural fibers.

The manufacturing method of the material is not particularly limited. For example, in the case of film, extrusion molding, inflation molding, depending on the melting characteristics of the resin, the solvent solubility, the thermal characteristics of the dye, etc.
It can be produced by calendar molding or the like, or can be produced by coating the base film with a varnish in which the resin is dissolved or impregnating woven cloth, non-woven cloth, paper or the like. The thickness of the synthetic resin layer containing the dye is 10 to 300 μm, preferably 30 to 150 μm for both the molding film and the coating layer.

In the present invention, the preferable dye content is
This is the amount by which the average light transmittance of the film at 380 to 500 nm becomes 50 to 70%. A type and amount of ultraviolet absorbers, antioxidants, singlet oxygen quenchers, hindered amine light stabilizers, other stabilizers, and lubricants that do not impair the object of the present invention for satisfying other various conditions for facility gardening materials. Additives such as anti-fog agents and drip agents may be added.

The material of the present invention is not only a covering material for a vinyl house but also a multi-film, a reflective (multi) film, a reflector plate installed so that sunlight is uniformly irradiated in the house, a plastic net, a woven cloth, a non-woven cloth. It can also be used in the same way as a bag for hanging fruits.

The physiological use of blue light for plant growth varies depending on the type of plant, the intensity of light, the stage of growth, etc. and has not been fully clarified yet. The photoreceptors involved in photomorphogenesis in this wavelength region have not yet been determined in addition to phytochrome, but there are blue light-receiving pigments that are said to act either or both flavin pigments and carotenoids. Phytochrome is mediated by plant growth hormones such as gibberellin (Yasunori Inoue, “Chemical regulation of plants” vo
l. 24, No2, pp105 to 1989), and blue light-receptive pigments are believed to carry out complex photomorphogenic reactions via plant growth hormones such as auxin. Various (mostly) suppressive effects of blue light have also been reported on crop cultivation [for example, Yoshikazu Minohara “Physiology” vo8, pp126-, (1970); Akio Ohara “Agribusiness” Vo5. No22, pp91-,
(1992); "Comprehensive research on technicalization of utilization of light quality in facility agriculture" (Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries Technology Council Secretariat, Research Results 86 (1976)) pp106-)] It seems that the revenue will increase.

[0013]

The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to examples. In the examples, "part" represents part by weight. The transmittance was measured using a spectrophotometer UV-240 manufactured by Shimadzu Corporation.

Example 1 (Production of Film) Polycarbonate resin (CALIBER 300-6:
Sumitomo Nogatac Co., Ltd. 100 parts, UV absorber (BioSoap 910: Kyodo Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. 2.0 parts varnish dissolved in 667 parts methylene chloride (Varnish A), CALIB
RE 300-6: 100 parts, Biosoap 910:
2.0 parts, 0.1 parts of Spilon Yellow GRLH Special (Hodogaya Chemical Co., Ltd.) was dissolved in 667 parts of methylene chloride to prepare a varnish (varnish B), and a polyethylene terephthalate film (SG-2,
Film thickness 75μm, Teijin Co., Ltd. using reverse roll coater, coating and drying respectively, dry coating film thickness about 30μm (base film thickness is about 105μm in total)
Two types of films A and B were manufactured. The transmittance of the film is shown in FIG.

Example 2 Small films of about 10 m ² each were assembled from the film produced in Example 1. Seeding on January 9, 1992 (medium: WE
DGE OASIS 5631; Nippon Soda Co., Ltd., lettuce (Sacramento) seedlings in pots (Inawashiro Hayama soil 51, ripe compost 51, dicyan (Showa Denko KK) 7
Soil mixed with g and 51 g of gemstone was used. ) Was transplanted (March 2), and 10 pots were moved to each house on March 5, and the experiment was started. For irrigation, an automatic irrigation device (drip system) was set. The fertilization was performed at appropriate intervals using OASIS liquid fertilizer (Nippon Soda Co., Ltd.), Fuchin Gold (Nippon Soda Co., Ltd.) or the like. During the test, fungi and insects were properly controlled. The test was conducted until May 14, and the harvest weight and the like were recorded. The results are shown in Table 1.

[0016]

[Table 1]

[0017]

EFFECTS OF THE INVENTION By cultivating vegetables, flowers and fruit trees in a house using the material of the present invention, high-quality fruits with high sugar content and high sugar content in the case of vegetables and flowers can be obtained for a short period of time. It can be harvested.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 Spectral transmittance of films A and B

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A light quality conversion material for agriculture, which comprises at least one dye having an absorption maximum at 380 to 500 nm.